北京市中国人民大学附属中学高一下学期期中英语试题 （解析版）-A4

这是一份北京市中国人民大学附属中学高一下学期期中英语试题 （解析版）-A4，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
说明：本试卷共8页，共100分;考试时间90分钟;请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。
第一题 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Several years ag, I was waiting fr my adult ballet class when I heard a vice behind me. “S, d yu have this perfect life?” My first reactin was t ___1___ wh was being asked such an dd questin. Then I remembered there were nly tw f us in the rm. When I turned arund, the ther wman was lking straight at me.
I had n idea hw t answer it. Was she ___2___ ? Wh has a perfect life? Sure, ccasinally I did find the perfect dress r the perfect pair f shes, but never wuld I use that wrd t describe anything abut me r my life. I felt a twinge f guilt fr smehw giving her that ___3___
She watched me. I finally managed t whisper a quick “N”.
By then, the teacher had entered the rm and turned n the music t start class. With a sigh f ___4___ I mved my feet int the best psitin. But I realized my cncentratin had been disturbed. This wman’s wrds wuldn’t stp eching in my thughts.
I wanted t knw hw she came up with her very mistaken ___5___ If she knew anything abut my life, she never wuld have had the urge t ask me that questin.
I did my best t d ur flr exercises in frnt f the mirrr. Fr a few mments, I didn’t see the usual ___6___ f my lder self attempting t use a beautiful art frm t imprve my gracefulness. I nly saw the girl whse father died when she was tw, the child wh walked hme frm elementary schl every day t an empty huse, wh learned t sew her wn clthes t ___7___ mney.
Perfect. My life had been far frm it.
When thse memries faded, I was left with a visin f the wman I had becme, the wman ___8___ by all thse things I cnsidered imperfect. I nw saw the wman wh had learned t be self-reliant, wh didn’t take life fr granted. Was that the “perfect” this wman had detected?
I still dn’t knw, but I n lnger feel ___9___ r feel like I must keep track f all the difficult times t prve my life isn’t perfect. If ever again asked whether my life is perfect, I wuld have a different ____10____. Because nw I see that, despite all its imperfectin, it is.
1. A. nticeB. wnderC. understandD. expect
2. A. fairB. anxiusC. seriusD. wise
3. A. intentinB. instructinC. impressinD. infrmatin
4. A. sadnessB. surpriseC. pleasureD. relief
5. A. ideaB. adviceC. reasnD. thery
6. A. reflectinB. preferenceC. appearanceD. expressin
7. A. cllectB. earnC. spendD. save
8. A. buriedB. shapedC. watchedD. fllwed
9. A. wrriedB. guiltyC. cautiusD. desperate
10. A. slutinB. messageC. apprachD. answer
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍的是作者在一次成人芭蕾课前被问到是否拥有完美生活后，对自身经历和生活意义的深刻反思与重新认识。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的第一反应是想知道谁会被问到这么奇怪的问题。A. ntice注意到；B. wnder想知道；C. understand理解，明白；D. expect期待。根据空后的宾语“wh was being asked such an dd questin”可知，作者的第一反应便是想弄清楚谁被问到这样一个奇怪的问题，故选B。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是认真的吗？A. fair公平的；B. anxius焦虑的；C. serius认真的；D. wise明智的。根据下文“Wh has a perfect life?”的疑问可知，作者在质疑这个人是不是认真的。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么给了她那样的印象，我感到一阵内疚。A. intentin意图；B. instructin指示，命令；C. impressin印象；D. infrmatin信息。根据上文“S, d yu have this perfect life?”和上文“but never wuld I use that wrd t describe anything abut me r my life”可知，她认为作者的生活是完美的，作者认为自己的生活并不完美，所以此处指作者不知道怎么会给她留下那样的印象。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我松了一口气，把脚挪到最好的位置。A. sadness悲伤；B. surprise惊讶；C. pleasure乐趣；D. relief宽慰，减轻。根据上文“the teacher had entered the rm and turned n the music t start class”可知，老师进入教室开始上课，作者应该是感到松了一口气，因为可以免于继续回答那位妇女的提问。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道她是怎么想到这个错误的想法的。A. idea想法；B. advice建议；C. reasn原因；D. thery理论。根据第一段中“when I heard a vice behind me. ‘S, d yu have this perfect life?’”可知，那位妇女认为作者生活完美，作者想知道她是怎么有这个错误的想法的。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有那么一会儿，我看不到平常那个年长一些的自己的身影，这个年长的自己一直在试图用一种美丽的艺术形式来提升自己的优雅气质。A. reflectin映像；B. preference偏爱；C. appearance外表；D. expressin表达，表情。根据上文“I did my best t d ur flr exercises in frnt f the mirrr.(我尽力在镜子前做自由体操)”可知，此处指作者在镜子里看不到平常那个年长一些的自己的身影。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只看到了那个两岁时父亲去世的女孩，那个每天从小学走回家的空房子里，为了省钱而学会自己缝衣服的女孩。A. cllect收集；B. earn挣钱；C. spend花费；D. save节省，挽救。根据上文“whse father died when she was tw”和“an empty huse”可知，这里作者是回忆自己悲苦的童年，故缝衣服是为了省钱。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这些记忆褪去后，我看到的是我已经成为的那个女人，那个被我认为不完美的东西塑造的女人。A. buried埋葬；B. shaped塑造；C. watched观看；D. fllwed跟随。此空和后面的“by all thse things I cnsidered imperfect”一起作定语修饰the wman，所以此处指作者后来所成为的那个人是由这些她认为不完美的经历所塑造出来的。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我仍然不知道，但我不再感到内疚，也不再觉得我必须记录所有的困难时刻，以证明我的生活并不完美。A. wrried担心的；B. guilty内疚的；C. cautius谨慎的；D. desperate绝望的。第二段末句“I felt a twinge f guilt”中提到作者感到内疚，结合前面的n lnger可知作者不再觉得内疚。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果再问我，我的生活是否完美，我会有不同的答案。A. slutin解决办法；B. message信息；C. apprach方法；D. answer回答。根据上文作者的回答“I finally managed t whisper a quick ‘N’.(我终于小声说了一句‘不’)”和下文“Because nw I see that, despite all its imperfectin, it is.(因为现在我明白了，尽管它有很多不完美之处，但它就是完美的)”可知，作者现在的回答和之前的不同。故选D。
第二题 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On 1 June, 1910, Captain Rbert Sctt left Lndn ____11____ (begin) his jurney t Antarctica. While he was n the way, he ____12____ (receive) a message frm the Nrwegian explrer Rnald Amundsen ____13____ said he was ging suth, t. Then the race t the Suth Ple began! During the plar summer, bth teams rganized fd bases in preparatin fr their jurneys the next year.
【答案】11. t begin
12. received
13. which##that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1910年6月1日斯科特船长出发前往南极以及与阿蒙森展开南极竞赛的背景。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1910年6月1日，罗伯特·斯科特船长离开伦敦，开始他的南极之旅。本句已有谓语left，begin“开始”用非谓语动词形式，此处表示离开伦敦的目的是开始南极之旅，所以用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填t begin。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：在途中，他收到挪威探险家罗纳德·阿蒙森的消息，说阿蒙森也要去南方。根据While he was n the way可知，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，谓语用receive“收到”的过去式received。故填received。
【13题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在途中，他收到挪威探险家罗纳德·阿蒙森的消息，说阿蒙森也要去南方。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a message，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The scream ____14____ (paint) by Edvard Munch in 1893. ____15____ makes it striking is that it shws a thin figure with an expressin f fear — the figure’s muth is wide pen and letting ut a ____16____ (pwer) scream. The figure cvers his r her ears and lks directly at the viewer. This figure is set n a bridge abve a dark, strmy sea, and ____17____ a burning range-red sky.
【答案】14. was painted
15. What 16. pwerful
17. against
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了挪威画家蒙克1893年所画名作《呐喊》的相关信息。
【14题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：《呐喊》是蒙克在1893年画的。本空作谓语，根据时间状语in 1893可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，主语The scream和动词paint“画”二者之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was painted。
【15题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：让它引人注目的是它展示了一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——这个身影张大嘴巴，发出强大的呐喊。is前是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填What。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：让它引人注目的是它展示了一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——这个身影张大嘴巴，发出强大的呐喊。本空作定语，修饰名词scream，用形容词pwerful“强大的”。故填pwerful。
【17题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个身影被设定在一座桥上，桥下是黑暗、暴风雨肆虐的大海，背景是燃烧着的橙红色天空。此处意为“以……为背景”，故应用介词against，故填against。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A Minecraft Mvie is nw playing all arund the cuntry. Yu may experience a strange phenmenn in the theatre: Kids ____18____ (recite) the lines alng with the mvie and bursting int spntaneus applause even thugh nne f these kids ____19____ (see) the mvie befre. ____20____ Jack Black shuts “Chicken jckey!”, half the audience shuts alng with him, then erupts int cheers. It feels like the real Jack Black has just walked int the rm.
【答案】18. reciting##are reciting
19. have seen##has seen
20. When
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了电影《我的世界》放映时孩子们在影院随电影台词跟读和欢呼的奇特现象。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词和时态。句意：你可能会在影院经历一个奇怪的现象：孩子们跟着电影台词一起背诵，甚至爆发自发的掌声，尽管这些孩子之前都没看过这部电影。本空与and后的现在分词bursting并列，且kid与recite“背诵”为逻辑主动关系，用现在分词，作后置定语。或者本空为句子谓语，句子描述正在进行的动作，时态用现在进行时，主语Kids是复数，be动词用are。故填reciting/are reciting。
【19题详解】
考查时态。句意：你可能会在影院经历一个奇怪的现象：孩子们跟着电影台词一起背诵，甚至爆发自发的掌声，尽管这些孩子之前都没看过这部电影。see“看”。根据时间状语befre可知，“孩子们看电影”这个动作是在他们在电影院跟着台词背诵和自发鼓掌之前发生的，一直延续到现在这个时间点，对现在产生了影响，时态用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，“nne f+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数形式，也可以用复数形式，所以助动词用have或has。故填have/has seen。
【20题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：当杰克·布莱克喊出“鸡骑士！”时，一半的观众也跟着他喊，然后爆发出欢呼声。本空引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，用when引导从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填When。
第三题 阅读理解(共16小题;每小题2分，共32分)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)
A
Flwer Pwer
When her grandmther’s health began t wrsen last autumn, Mary wuld make the drive frm Washingtn, DC t Winchester, VA every few days.
She hated highway driving, finding it ugly and bring. She preferred t take winding cuntry rads t her grandmther’s hspital. When she drve thrugh the rcky twn f Harpers Ferry, the beauty f the rugh waters was always appealing t her.
Tward the end f her jurney, Mary had t get n highway 81. It was here that she discvered a surprising bit f beauty during ne f her trips. Alng the shulder f the highway, there was a lng stretch f wild flwers. They were thin and delicate and purple, and mved back and frth in the wind as if whispering pems t each ther.
The first time she saw the flwers, Mary was seized by an uncntrllable urge t pull ver n the highway and pull a bunch frm the sil. She carried them int her grandmther’s rm when she arrived at the hspital and placed them in a vase by her bed.
Fr a mment her grandmther seemed mre lucid（清醒的）than usual. She thanked Mary fr the flwers, cmmented n their beauty and asked where she had gtten them. Mary was verjyed by the ability f the flwers t wake smething up inside her sick grandmther.
Afterwards, Mary began carrying scissrs in the car during her trips t visit her grandmther. She wuld quickly glide nt the shulder, jump ut f the car, and clip a bunch f flwers. Each time Mary placed the flwers in the vase, her grandmther’s eyes wuld light up and they wuld have a splendid cnversatin.
One mrning in late Octber, Mary gt a call that her grandmther had taken a turn fr the wrse. Mary was in such a hurry t get t her grandmther that she sped past her flwer spt. She decided t turn arund, head several miles back, and cut a bunch.
Mary arrived at the hspital t find her grandmther very weak and unrespnsive. She placed the flwers in the vase and sat dwn t hld her grandmther’s hand. She felt a squeeze n her fingers. It was the last cnversatin they had.
21. Mary preferred t take cuntry rads t the hspital because she culd ________.
A. get n highway 81 mre easilyB. enjy the natural view alng the rads
C. pick wild flwers fr her grandmtherD. spend less time driving t the destinatin
22. When Mary placed the flwers by her grandmther’s bed, her grandmther _________.
A. came alive at the sight f the flwersB. cmmented n Mary’s beauty
C. was verjyed by the flwersD. was curius abut the type f the flwers
23. Frm the passage, we knw that ________.
A. Mary discvered the wild flwers alng the cuntry rads
B. Mary’s grandmther had passed away befre she arrived at the hspital
C. Mary’s last cnversatin with her grandmther was a silent ne
D. Mary headed several miles back because she sped past the hspital
24. What des the passage cnvey t us?
A Beauty in nature can be pwerful.B. Lve has n beginning r ending.
C. Life is as beautiful as summer flwers.D. Flwers have the magic t cure diseases.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Mary的奶奶病情很危重，每次她回去看望奶奶的时候都带着一些从路边采回的野花，奶奶看见这些野花似乎比平时更加清醒了，也非常喜欢这些花儿。这个故事告诉我们大自然里的美的力量很强大，
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“When she drve thrugh the rcky twn f Harpers Ferry, the beauty f the rugh waters was always appealing t her.”可知Mary不喜欢走高速公路，而喜欢走乡村小路是因为路边的风景很吸引她。故B项正确。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Fr a mment her grandmther seemed mre lucid（清醒的）than usual. She thanked Mary fr the flwers, cmmented n their beauty and asked where she had gtten them. Mary was verjyed by the ability f the flwers t wake smething up inside her sick grandmther.”可知当Mary的奶奶看见这些鲜花的时候，比平时更加清醒了。故A项正确。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mary arrived at the hspital t find her grandmther very weak and unrespnsive….She felt a squeeze n her fingers. It was the last cnversatin they had.”可知当Mary到达医院的时候，奶奶非常虚弱已经无法回应了，只能感觉到她的手指了。说明她们之间最后一次对话是无声的。故C项正确。
【24题详解】
主旨大意题。本文是一篇记叙文，Mary的奶奶病情很危重，每次她回去看望奶奶的时候都带着一些从路边采回的野花，奶奶看见这些野花似乎比平时更加清醒了，也非常喜欢这些花儿。这个故事告诉我们大自然里的美的力量很强大，故A项正确。
B
A fascinating questin in human evlutin is, when did we first begin t think critically? In ther wrds, when did we turn frm animals fcused nly n the daily struggle t avid starvatin t humans wh culd think symblically abut the wrld arund us? Hwever, answering this questin is nt easy as thinking leaves n fssils t discver.
A cmmnsense assumptin is that higher levels f thught g hand-in-hand with verbal language, because higher thinking, such as creative thught, wuld naturally seek a means f expressin. S tracing the develpment f language culd give an apprximate idea f when humans began t think critically.
Interestingly, we d have sme fssil evidence related t speech. Animals whse larynx (vice bx) is placed high in their thrats are unable t prduce the variety f sunds necessary fr speech. Fssil bnes tell us that in early humans, the larynx was riginally high in the thrat. Hwever, by abut 200, 000 years ag, it had mved lwer in the thrat. This lwering prvided a larger sund chamber (the space in the thrat and the muth) in which passing air culd be cntrlled by the tngue, making a wide range f sunds and rhythms pssible.
S humans were physically able t speak arund 200,000 years ag, but when did they actually start ding s? Estimates range frm 35,000 t 100,000 years ag. But with n physical evidence f ancient language use, we need anther apprach t determine mre precisely when humans began t speak — and t think critically.
Prfessr Richard Klein f Stanfrd University suggests that art may be the key. After all, ability t create r appreciate art is a uniquely human trait. If ancient humans had the imaginatin t create a wrk f art (which in itself is a means f cmmunicatin), then it seems highly likely that they wuld pssess the primary means f cmmunicatin: language. This suggests that the first wrks f art can be cnsidered indicatrs f when language and critical thught began.
Until recently the earliest art was believed t be cave paintings, carved figures, and jewelry fund in suthwestern Eurpe and thught t date frm abut 40,000 years ag. This suggested that humans first became capable f critical thught abut 40,000 years ag. Hwever, this time frame was recently verturned by an exciting discvery in Suth Africa. Anthrplgist Christ Henshilwd spent mre than ten years explring a cave there. He fund many well-made tls, but mre intriguing were the 8,000 pieces f chre, a sft stne that can be turned int paint. Hensilwd’s breakthrugh came in 1999 when he fund an chre piece with lines cut in a careful pattern. In ther wrds, it was deliberate artistic design. Henshilwd had fund the ldest piece f art yet, its date f rigin set at 70,000 years — nearly 30,000 years befre the art in Eurpe.
Based n Henshilwd’s discvery, it seems that humans began t speak and think critically at least 70,000 years ag.
25. ______ made humans physically able t speak.
A. The higher thinking
B. The lwering f the larynx
C. The evlutin f the tngue
D. The appearance f varius sunds
26. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Humans haven’t fund fssils f leaves.
B. N ther animals than humans can enjy art.
C. Withut creative thught, humans wuld be unable t speak.
D. Evidence f ancient language use was nce fund in Eurpe.
27. Accrding t the passage, the ldest deliberate artistic design dates back ______ t years ag.
A. 30, 000B. 40, 000
C. 70, 000D. 200, 000
28. Which f the fllwing issue des the authr mainly intend t deal with?
A. When humans began t think.
B. When humans became able t create art.
C. Hw humans cmmunicated mre freely.
D. Hw humans stpped struggling fr starvatin.
【答案】25. B 26. B 27. C 28. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要探讨了人类是什么时候开始思考的。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fssil bnes tell us that in early humans, the larynx was riginally high in the thrat. Hwever, by abut 200, 000 years ag, it had mved lwer in the thrat. This lwering prvided a larger sund chamber (the space in the thrat and the muth) in which passing air culd be cntrlled by the tngue, making a wide range f sunds and rhythms pssible. (骨骼化石告诉我们，在早期人类中，喉头最初位于喉咙的高处。然而，到了大约20万年前，它已经移到了喉咙的下方。这种降低提供了一个更大的音腔（喉咙和嘴巴里的空间），在这个音腔里，舌头可以控制空气的通过，使大范围的声音和节奏成为可能。)”可知，喉头位置的降低使人类能够说话，故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“After all, ability t create r appreciate art is a uniquely human trait. (毕竟，创造或欣赏艺术的能力是人类独有的特质。)”可知，创造或欣赏艺术的能力是人类独有的特质，由此推知除了人类没有其他动物能够欣赏艺术，故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Hensilwd’s breakthrugh came in 1999 when he fund an chre piece with lines cut in a careful pattern. In ther wrds, it was deliberate artistic design. Henshilwd had fund the ldest piece f art yet, its date f rigin set at 70,000 years — nearly 30,000 years befre the art in Eurpe. (Hensilwd的突破出现在1999年，当时他发现了一块赭石，上面的线条被精心切割。换句话说，这是经过深思熟虑的艺术设计。Hensilwd发现了迄今为止最古老的艺术品，它的起源日期是7万年——比欧洲的艺术品早了近3万年。)”可知，最古老的经过深思熟虑的艺术设计可以追溯到7万年前，故选C。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合文章首句“A fascinating questin in human evlutin is, when did we first begin t think critically? (在人类进化过程中，一个引人入胜的问题是，我们是什么时候开始批判性思考的？)”和最后一段“Based n Henshilwd’s discvery, it seems that humans began t speak and think critically at least 70,000 years ag.(根据Henshilwd的发现，人类似乎至少在7万年前就开始批判性地说话和思考。)”可知，文章主要探讨了人类是什么时候开始思考的，故选A。
C
Are we wrthy f special attentin frm advanced species in the Milky Way? We may be a phenmenn as uninteresting t them as ants are t us;after all, when we’re walking dwn the sidewalk we rarely, if ever, examine every ant alng ur path.
Our sun frmed at the tail end f the star frmatin histry f the universe. Mst stars are billins f years lder than urs. Half f all sunlike stars hst an Earth-size planet in their habitable zne, allwing fr liquid water and fr the chemistry f life. Since the dice f life were rlled in billins f ther lcatins within the Milky Way under similar cnditins t thse n Earth, life, as we knw it, is likely cmmn. A questin may arise:Where is everybdy then? That’s Fermi’s paradx (悖论). The silence between ur neighbrs and us may mean that we are nt the mst attentin-wrthy ckies in the jar.
As a first apprximatin (类似事物) t what humans lk like, it is reasnable t glance at the mirrr, fr each f us shares a cmmn genetic ancestry with all peple. But this might nt be the case fr life that develped independently n ther planets. Fr example, vegetatin n the nearest habitable explanet, Prxima Centauri b. culd be shckingly different frm thse n Earth. vegetatin n the planet’s surface wuld adapt t harvesting infrared light, shwing a “red edge” at a lnger wavelength than plants n Earth. As a result, the grass in ur neighbr’s yard may be dark red and nt green like urs.
It is even mre difficult t frecast what technlgies that are billins f years ld wuld lk like. In searching fr them, we must nt ignre unexpected signals seen thrugh the telescpes. If ur instruments are nt sensitive enugh r ur search techniques are inadequate, we will nt discver technsignatures. Prcessing data withut suitable machine- learning algrithms may resemble casting an ineffective fishing net that never catches fish because its hles are t big.
As we imagine new technlgies, we may ultimately find the ne that wuld allw us t detect many ther species wh use it. Hwever, we shuld take cautin with anecdtal bservatins that are nt up t the standards f scientific evidence. This includes cnspiracy theries withut supprting evidence, which appear nce in a while, r reprts abut UFOs, which d nt stand up t the scrutiny f reprducibility. Since ur recrding devices have imprved cnsiderably ver time, ne wuld expect that a fuzzy pht taken by an ld camera frm 50 years ag wuld turn int a clear image in tday’s advanced cameras, thus prviding cnclusive evidence beynd any reasnable dubt. T achieve scientific credibility, any finding f an unusual bject must be fllwed by studying it r ther bjects f its type thrugh well-dcumented scientific prcedures. Scientific evidence restricts ur imaginatin and saves us frm far-fetched ideas.
Fermi’s paradx assumes we humans have sme srt f csmic significance. The reality may be that we are rdinary and dmed t disappear, just like the dinsaurs. Why wuld ur galactic neighbrs care abut hw green ur grass is?Given that dwarf stars like Prxima Centauri are much mre abundant than the sun, mst habitable planets might be cvered with dark red grass, which wuld be as sthing t the infrared eyes f mst ex- vacatiners as green grass is t us. As a result, interstellar turist agencies may find Prxima b t be a mre attractive destinatin than Earth. We culd wnder, as Enric Fermi did, why n ex- turists have shwn up t admire us. But better yet, we culd get in tuch with Prxima b and invite the lcals t visit and share a water- based drink with us.
29. Accrding t Paragraph 1 and 2, ______.
A. liquid water is an essential resurce fr life t start
B. lives frm ther planets are planning t prey n earth
C. the slar system frmed right after the universe began
D. ants by the street are easily nticed by peple passing by
30. The underlined wrd “fish” in paragraph 4 is used t refer t ______.
A. infrared lightB. Search techniques
C. UFOs passing the earthD. messages frm uter space
31. The reprted cases in which peple claim t witness aliens ______.
A. restrict imaginatin.B. take place very ften.
C. are yet t be verified.D. are thrughly studied.
32. What might be the best title fr the passage?
A. What are lives n ther planets like?
B. Where d aliens live in the universe?
C. When will humans be able t travel in space?
D. Why wuld we believe ur neighbrs want t visit us?
【答案】29. A 30. D 31. C 32. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了人类在宇宙中是否值得银河系中先进物种的特别关注这一问题。文中通过分析生命存在的条件引出费米悖论，还讨论了其他星球生命的可能形态、探测外星技术的困难，以及对一些有关外星人目击报告的看法，最终认为人类可能很普通，外星游客可能对地球不感兴趣。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Half f all sunlike stars hst an Earth-size planet in their habitable zne, allwing fr liquid water and fr the chemistry f life. Since the dice f life were rlled in billins f ther lcatins within the Milky Way under similar cnditins t thse n Earth, life, as we knw it, is likely cmmn. (在所有类似太阳的恒星中，有一半在其宜居带内拥有一颗地球大小的行星，这使得液态水和生命化学物质得以存在。由于在银河系内数十亿个与地球条件相似的地方都有可能孕育生命，我们所知的生命很可能是普遍存在的。)”可推知，液态水是生命诞生的重要资源，没有液态水生命难以产生。故选A。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“If ur instruments are nt sensitive enugh r ur search techniques are inadequate, we will nt discver technsignatures. Prcessing data withut suitable machine- learning algrithms may resemble casting an ineffective fishing net that never catches fish because its hles are t big. (如果我们的仪器不够灵敏，或者我们的搜索技术不够完善，我们就无法发现技术信号。没有合适的机器学习算法来处理数据，可能就像撒了一张无效的渔网，永远也捕不到鱼，因为网眼太大了。）可知，这里的 “fish” 指的是我们想要探测到的来自外太空的技术信号，也就是来自外太空的信息。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Hwever, we shuld take cautin with anecdtal bservatins that are nt up t the standards f scientific evidence. This includes cnspiracy theries withut supprting evidence, which appear nce in a while, r reprts abut UFOs, which d nt stand up t the scrutiny f reprducibility. (然而，我们应该对那些不符合科学证据标准的轶事性观察持谨慎态度。这包括偶尔出现的没有证据支持的阴谋论，或者关于不明飞行物的报告，这些报告经不起可重复性的检验。)”可知，人们声称目睹外星人的报告没有达到科学证据的标准，还需要进一步验证。故选C。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。文章开篇提出 “Are we wrthy f special attentin frm advanced species in the Milky Way? (我们值得银河系中先进物种的特别关注吗？）这一问题，接着围绕这一问题展开讨论，分析了生命存在的条件、其他星球生命的可能形态、探测外星技术的困难以及对一些有关外星人目击报告的看法，最后得出人类可能很普通，外星游客可能对地球不感兴趣的结论，所以文章主要探讨的是为什么我们会认为外星邻居想要拜访我们。D “为什么我们会相信我们的邻居想要拜访我们？”为最佳标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
Yu’re faced with a lt f decisins in everyday wrk. There are multiple tasks calling fr yur fcus, and yu are burning daylight r even burn ut trying t decide what cmes first. ___33___
If yu’re ging t think smarter abut hw yu priritize (排序) tasks, yu have t invest a little time away frm yur t-d list. Here’s the thing: what yu wrk n cnfirms yur values. Yu may think it’s n big thing t wrk vertime fr a little while, but smething will be sacrificed with this decisin. If yu’re a parent, yu might spend less time with yur kids. Similarly, if yu chse nt t wrk much r effectively, yu’re deciding that yur values lie utside yur career. ___34___
Write all the tasks dwn and create fur bxes cntaining all f things yu care abut. This culd be: helps the cmmunity, helps ne-t-ne relatinships, makes mney, and things yu find persnally fulfilling. Then place them in the bxes and see hw many f the bxes each ne takes up. Anything that fills just ne bx has t be recnsidered. Anything that fills nthing shuld nt be cnsidered at all. ___35___Frm here, the rest f the priritizatin gets a little easier. Yu nw have a better idea where the effrts are really paying ff. Yu als knw when yu are wasting yur wn time.
In rder t figure ut a plan fr yurself, the first thing yu shuld be ding is gathering all f yur tasks, large and small. ____36____ Other peple are cunting n yu r yur future self will depend n them smehw. These are actually easier t priritize. Then break dwn large tasks int smaller pieces. That helps put things in rder. Part f the reasn we d the small things first is that being prductive feels gd. Acknwledging accmplishments makes yu mre likely t keep ging and pushes yu thrugh the mre cmplicated tasks.
___37___ Ntice when yur energy levels are high and when they are weak. Be aware when yu’re mre prductive fr scial activities and when yu’re better ff. The mre yu study yurself, the easier planning becmes.
Nw that yu have yur pririties in rder, g ahead and yu will bst yur prductivity.
A. Yu can als priritize based n energy levels.
B. The gd news is that sme tasks can keep yu mtivated.
C. S hw can yu figure ut what’s mst imprtant t wrk n first?
D. This activity allws yu t see where yu really want t invest yur energy.
E. If yu want t make a new list, yu need t turn t yur clleagues fr help.
F. There are sme tasks that are pretty straightfrward and yu need t d the thing.
G. Where yu invest yur time is nt just abut what yu value but als what yu dn’t value.
【答案】33. C 34. G 35. D 36. F 37. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了有效排序任务的策略。
【33题详解】
前文“There are multiple tasks calling fr yur fcus, and yu are burning daylight r even burn ut trying t decide what cmes first.”说明有许多任务需要你关注，你无法决定先做什么，后文几个自然段分别讲述怎么排序任务， 怎样分辨任务的重要性等，因此这里使用问句“那么，应该怎样来辨明首先要处理的最重要的事情是什么呢"来引起后文。逻辑通顺。故选C。
【34题详解】
根据上文“Here’s the thing: what yu wrk n cnfirms yur values.”以及接下来的举例可知，本段讲述一个人的价值观是由致力于什么而确定的。并列举了几个例子。因此空格处进行总结说“你把时间投资到哪里，说明了你重视什么，同时也说明了你不重视什么”，故选G。
【35题详解】
上文“Write all the tasks dwn and create fur bxes cntaining all f things yu care abut.”首先介绍了一种方法，把所有的任务写下来放在四个盒子里。横线后“the rest f the priritizatin gets a little easier.”说“剩下的会更容易一些”故前后存在对比，因此空格处说“这项活动会让你看清你想往哪里投入精力”。故选D。
【36题详解】
前文“In rder t figure ut a plan fr yurself, the first thing yu shuld be ding is gathering all f yur tasks, large and small.”说把所有的大小任务都收集到一起，后文“Other peple are cunting n yu r yur future self will depend n them smehw.”说其他人指望你或者未来的自己依赖于这些。故中间用“有一些任务直接需要你做这些事”符合语境，引领下文。故选F。
【37题详解】
后文“Ntice when yur energy levels are high and when they are weak.”说有时你的能量值高有时能量值低，故前文说的是“你可以基于你的能量值来排序优先性”，故选A。
第四题 词汇(每小题1分，共11分)
根据中文提示或单词首字母，用该单词的正确形式完成句子，在答题纸填写完整单词。
38. The c______ written by the English teacher n ur essays are really encuraging. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】cmments##mments
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：英语老师对我们作文的评论真是令人鼓舞。空处应填名词作主语，结合句意及首字母提示可知，cmment“评论”，名词，符合题意，由are可知应用名词复数作主语，故填cmments。
39. Under labr laws all emplyees deserve e______ pprtunities fr prmtin. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】equal##qual
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：根据劳动法，所有员工都应享有平等的晋升机会。空处修饰名词pprtunities，应填形容词作定语，结合句意及首字母提示可知，equal“平等的”，形容词，符合题意，故填equal。
40. Architects must carefully m______ each angle befre finalizing the building’s design. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】measure##easure
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：建筑师在完成建筑设计之前必须仔细测量每个角度。根据句意和首字母提示可知，measure“测量”，动词，情态动词must后接动词原形，故填measure。
41. The scientist’s ______ (探索) f Arctic ecsystems prvided grundbreaking climate data. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】explratin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位科学家对北极生态系统的探索提供了突破性的气候数据。根据汉语提示“探索”可知，本空用名词explratin，作主语。故填explratin。
42. Her ________ (有创意的) marketing campaign increased sales by 150% in just three mnths. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】creative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她的创意营销活动在短短三个月内使销售额增加了150%。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据所给中文提示词，应是creative意为“有创意的”。故填creative。
43. Freshwater is becming a scarce ______ (资源) in many parts f the wrld due t drughts. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】resurce
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于干旱，淡水在世界许多地方变得稀缺。表示“资源”使用名词resurce，由a可知应用名词单数，作表语。故填resurce。
44. We shuld avid j______ peple based slely n first impressins. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】judging##udging
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应该避免仅凭第一印象就评判别人。根据首字母提示j可知，此处表示“评判”，用动词judge，avid ding sth.为固定搭配，表示“避免做某事”，所以此处用动名词judging作宾语。故填judging。
45. His lifelng p______ fr classical music led him t becme a renwned cnductr. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】passin##assin##pursuit##ursuit
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他毕生对古典音乐的热爱/追求使他成为一名著名的指挥家。空处应填名词作主语，结合句意及首字母提示可知，passin“热情”或pursuit“追求”均符合题意，故填passin/pursuit。
46. The rganizatin cntinues t a______ (倡导) fr better wrking cnditins acrss all industries. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】advcate##dvcate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：该组织继续在所有行业倡导更好的工作条件。根据中英文提示可知，advcate“倡导”，动词，使用动词原形和前面的t构成动词不定式，故填advcate。
47. Mdern vide games use stunning v______ (视觉的) effects t create realistic virtual wrlds. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】visual##isual
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：现代电子游戏使用惊人的视觉效果来创造逼真的虚拟世界。根据中英文提示可知，visual“视觉的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词effects，故填visual。
48. When she saw the child in danger, she rushed int the burning building withut h______.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】hesitatin##esitatin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当她看到孩子有危险时，毫不犹豫地冲进了着火的大楼。空处应填名词作withut的宾语，结合句意及首字母提示可知，hesitatin“犹豫”，不可数名词，符合题意，故填hesitatin。
第五题 书面表达(共两节，27分)
第一节(共4小题;第48、49题各2分，第50题3分，第51题5分，共12分)
The last thing I wanted t hear when my gvernment-spnsred schlarship was withdrawn during my final year f cllege was: "Things are wrking ut fr yur wn gd. Just give them sme time." Thse wrds just stirred a lt f anger in me.
Then I read the stry f the Chinese bamb farmer, which gave me a different view n life. The seed f the Chinese bamb is planted in the grund like every seed. It is watered, and fed with nutrients daily, but it shws n immediate physical respnse and desn't appear t grw. The farmer cntinues t water and feed the seed in year ne, year tw, and year three. N grwth is seen until the furth year, when the seed finally breaks thrugh the grund. Then, in the space f just five weeks, it grws ninety feet tall. The Chinese bamb grws t its full capacity within 5 years.
Despite nt seeing an immediate result, the farmer had trust in what he was ding. He cntinued t water and feed the plant fr fur years, because he believed that if he played his wn rle and did all that a farmer was suppsed t d, then he wuld be given his reward at the right time. That trust and patience is what kept the farmer persistently feeding his seed fr fur years befre enjying the reward in the end.
Life is nt always straightfrward. Mst ften, it's nt a matter f 5+5 =10 (Sum 1).
Life can be mre like 2+1+2+0+0+0+1+2+0+0+1 + 1=10 (Sum 2).
Bth sums lead t the same result, but thrugh quite different paths and prcesses. T be mature is t accept that things might lk rugh right nw but the stry can still have a great ending.
We might live in a micrwave generatin where everything seems t happen instantly; but many things still bey the laws f nature. Just ding what yu are suppsed t be ding, having patience like the Chinese bamb farmer, and trusting that things will wrk ut fr yu can help yu get thrugh the tughest times.
49. What happened t the authr in the final year f cllege?
50. Hw des the Chinese bamb grw in the furth year?
51. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
T vercme difficulties, we need t trust that things will wrk ut and simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme.
52. Which is yur life mre like, Sum 1 r Sum 2? Explain why. (abut 40 wrds)
【答案】49. The authr's gvernment-spnsred schlarship was withdrawn.
50. The seed finally breaks thrugh the grund and the bamb grws ninety feet tall in five weeks.
51. T vercme difficulties, we need t trust that things will wrk ut and simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme.
(1)Accrding t the passage, t vercme difficulties, we need t d what we are suppsed t be ding rather than simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme.
(2)T vercme difficulties, we need t trust things will wrk ut, have patience and d what we are suppsed t be ding.
52. Sum 2. My life is als full f ups and dwns. Fr example, I was never gd at chemistry and failed the mid-exam in senir 1. With patience and determinatin, I made every effrt t turn the tide. It was nt a smth path, but I gt an A in the final exam in senir 3.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。在大学最后一年作者的政府奖学金被取消了，这让他很生气，但是在读了一篇中国竹农的故事后，作者明白了生活并不是一帆风顺的，通常情况下，做你应该做的事，像中国的竹农一样有耐心，相信事情会解决的，这能帮助你度过最艰难的时刻。
【49题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“The last thing I wanted t hear when my gvernment-spnsred schlarship was withdrawn during my final year f cllege was(当我的政府奖学金在大学最后一年被取消时，我最不想听到的就是)”可知，在大学最后一年作者的政府奖学金被取消了。故答案为The authr's gvernment-spnsred schlarship was withdrawn.
【50题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段倒第三句和倒第二句“N grwth is seen until the furth year, when the seed finally breaks thrugh the grund. Then, in the space f just five weeks, it grws ninety feet tall. (直到第四年，种子终于破土而出时，才开始生长。然后，仅仅5个星期，它就长到了90英尺高)”可知，在第四年种子最终破土而出，竹子在5个星期后长到了90英尺高。故答案为The seed finally breaks thrugh the grund and the bamb grws ninety feet tall in five weeks.。
【51题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句“Just ding what yu are suppsed t be ding, having patience like the Chinese bamb farmer, and trusting that things will wrk ut fr yu can help yu get thrugh the tughest times. (做你应该做的事，像中国的竹农一样有耐心，相信事情会解决的，这能帮助你度过最艰难的时刻)”可知，并不是只要耐心地等待就好了，还要做你应该做的事，耐心等待，相信事情会解决的。所以“simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme”处错误，答案为(1)Accrding t the passage, t vercme difficulties, we need t d what we are suppsed t be ding rather than simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme. (2)T vercme difficulties, we need t trust things will wrk ut, have patience and d what we are suppsed t be ding.
【52题详解】
考查开放性回答。根据最后一段最后一句“Just ding what yu are suppsed t be ding, having patience like the Chinese bamb farmer, and trusting that things will wrk ut fr yu can help yu get thrugh the tughest times. (做你应该做的事，像中国的竹农一样有耐心，相信事情会解决的，这能帮助你度过最艰难的时刻)”可知，生活不是一蹴而就，而是通过一点一点的努力，耐心的等待和坚定的信念来达到目标，所以答案最好是回答你的生活像Sum 2一样，并按照最后一段最后一句来解释原因，可以通过举出生活中的具体例子来体现。故答案为Sum 2. My life is als full f ups and dwns. Fr example, I was never gd at chemistry and failed the mid-exam in senir 1. With patience and determinatin, I made every effrt t turn the tide. It was nt a smth path, but I gt an A in the final exam in senir 3.
第二节(15分)
53. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校交换生Jim 打算寒假出京旅游，发来邮件请你推荐一座中国历史文化名城。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 你的推荐；
2. 推荐理由;
3. 食宿建议。
注意：1. 词数不少于 50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Hw is yur preparatin fr the finals ging? I am s excited t learn that yu are planning t travel t anther city with rich histry and culture in China. After careful cnsideratin, I have decided t recmmend Xi’an t yu.
Yur jurney t Xi’an will be ne f ancient wnders. As the capital city fr 13 dynasties, it is hme t cuntless histric relics – the Terra-ctta Warrirs, the Great Wild Gse Pagda and many thers. I am sure a histry lver like yu will nt be disappinted. Xi’an is als a wnderland fr yu t explre the fascinating art and culture f the East. There, yu can experience the raw energy f Qinqiang Opera and the beauty f calligraphy n stne tablets.
If yu decide t travel t Xi’an, here are a few tips fr yu. Yu can chse a htel near the Ancient City Wall, which prvides bth gd views and cnvenient transprtatin. What’s mre, the bustling Snack Street in the dwntwn is a must fr turists with its incredible variety f lcal snacks.
I am sure yu will enjy yurself in this histric city! If yu have further questins, ask me anytime.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。给交换生推荐一座中国历史文化名城，说明推荐的理由。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主。
人称：第一、三人称。
要求：1. 你的推荐。
2.推荐理由 。
3. 食宿建议。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
preparatin fr;plan t d;rich histry and culture;decided t d;be hme t;histric relics;the beauty f;what’s mre;enjy yurself
第三步：连词成句
1. Hw is yur preparatin fr the finals ging?
2. I am s excited t learn that yu are planning t travel t anther city with rich histry and culture in China
3. As the capital city fr 13 dynasties, it is hme t cuntless histric relics
4. What’s mre, the bustling Snack Street in the dwntwn is a must fr turists with its incredible variety f lcal snacks.
5. I am sure yu will enjy yurself in this histric city!
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First f all Firstly/First, Secndly/Secnd… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is mre Besides, Mrever, Furthermre, In additin As well as, nt nly…but (als), including,
3.表转折对比关系：Hwever, On the cntrary, but, Althugh+clause(从句), In spite f+n/ding,On the ne hand…,On the ther hand… Sme…,while thers…,as fr, s…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, S, Thus, Therefre, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。注意要添加适当连接词使得上下文意思连贯，在使用较简单的单词、句式的同时，也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型。