高考英语二轮-七选五（知识清单）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-七选五（知识清单）（学生版），共22页。学案主要包含了思维导图，高考考向，真题呈现，开学考试模拟试题等内容，欢迎下载使用。

二、高考考向
1.从体裁来看，说明文占据绝对优势，记叙文和议论文相对较少；
2.从话题来看，“人与自我”和“人与社会”占比偏多，“人与自然”偏少；
3.从位置来看，段中句最多，段首句和段尾句次之；还有半截儿句；
4.从技巧来看，代词替代、词语复现和逻辑关系是做好七选五必杀技；
5.从干扰来看，段落标题句和词语复现最容易设干扰选项，务必重视。
三、真题呈现
-----------------------------------------【2015题组】----------------------------------------
（2015全国I卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Building Trust in a Relatinship Again
Trust is a learned behavir that we gain frm past experiences. 1 Trust is a risk. But yu can’t be successful when there’s a lack f trust in a relatinship that results frm an actin where the wrngder takes n respnsibility t fix the mistake.
Unfrtunately, we’ve all been victims f betrayal. Whether we’ve been stlen frm, lied t, misled, r cheated n, there are different levels f lsing trust. Smetimes peple simply can’t trust anymre. 2 It’s understandable, but if yu’re willing t build trust in a relatinship again, we have sme steps yu can take t get yu there.
● 3 Having cnfidence in yurself will help yu make better chices because yu can see what the best utcme wuld be fr yur well­being.
● 4 If yu’ve been betrayed, yu are the victim f yur circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At sme pint in all f ur lives, we’ll have ur trust tested r vilated.
●Yu didn’t lse “everything”. Once trust is lst, what is left? Instead f lking at the situatin frm this hpeless angle, lk at everything yu still have and be thankful fr all f the gd in yur life. 5 Instead, it’s a healthy way t wrk thrugh the experience t allw rm fr psitive grwth and frgiveness.
A．Learn t really trust yurself.
B．It is putting cnfidence in smene.
C．Stp regarding yurself as the victim.
D．Remember that yu can expect the best in return.
E．They’ve been t badly hurt and they can’t bear t let it happen again.
F．This knwledge carries ver in their attitude tward their future relatinships.
G．Seeing the psitive side f things desn’t mean yu’re ignring what happened.
（2015全国II卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Training fr a marathn (马拉松)needs careful preparatin and steady, gradual increases (增加)in the length f the runs. 1 , buy the best-fitting, best-built running shes yu can find. N ne can say which brand will wrk best fr yu r feel best n yur feet, s yu have t rely n yur experience and n the feel f each pair as yu shp. When yu have fund shes that seem right, walk in them fr a few days t check the fit again and again. 2 . As always, yu shuld stretch (伸展) at least ten minutes befre each run t avid injuries.
During the first week, d nt think abut distance, but run five minutes lnger each day. 3 , it is wise t take ne day ff t rest. But during the next week, set a gal f at least a mile and a half per run. 4 . After tw weeks, start timing yurself. 5 .
Depending n the kind f race yu plan t jin in, yu can set up a timetable fr the remaining weeks befre the race.
A．After yu have trained fr six days
B．If yu want t be a gd marathn runner
C．Befre yu start yur training fr a marathn
D．With each day, increase the distance by a half mile
E．If they still feel gd, yu can begin running in them
F．Time spent fr preparatin imprves the quality f training
G．Nw yu are ready t set a gal f imprving distance and time
-----------------------------------------【2014题组】----------------------------------------
（2014全国I卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The jbs f the future have nt yet been invented. 1 By helping them develp classic skills that will serve them well n matter what the future hlds.
1. Curisity
Yur children need t be deeply curius. 2 Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add t make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them ut. Did thse ingredients make the pancakes better? What culd we try next time?
2. Creativity
True creativity is the ability t take smething existing and create smething new frm it. 3 There are a dzen different things yu can d with them. Experimenting with materials t create smething new can g a lng way in helping them develp their creativity.
3. Interpersnal Skills
Understanding hw thers feel can be a challenge fr kids. We knw what’s ging n inside ur wn head, but what abut thers? Being able t read peple helps kids frm misreading a situatin and jumping t false cnclusins. 4 “Why d yu think she’s crying?” “Can yu tell hw that man is feeling by lking at his face? If smene were t d that t yu, hw wuld yu feel?”
4. Self-expressin
5 There are many ways t express thughts and ideas — music, acting, drawing, building, phtgraphy. Yu may find that yur child is attracted by ne mre than anther.
A．Encurage kids t ck with yu.
B．And we can’t frget science educatin.
C．We can give kids chances t think abut materials in new ways.
D．S hw can we help ur kids prepare fr jbs that dn’t yet exist?
E．Gardening is anther great activity fr helping kids develp this skill.
F．We can d this in real life r ask questins abut characters in stries.
G．Being able t cmmunicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.
（2014全国II卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips fr Cking n a Tight Schedule
Frm my experience, there are three main reasns why peple dn't ck mre ften: ability, mney, and time. 1 Mney is a tpic I'll save fr anther day. S tday I want t give yu sme wisdm abut hw t make the mst f the time yu spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips fr great cking n a tight schedule:
●Think ahead. The mments when I think cking is a pain are when I'm already hungry and there's nthing ready t eat. S think ahead f the cming week. When will yu have time t ck? D yu have the right materials already? 2
●Make yur time wrth it. When yu d find time t ck a meal, make the mst f it and save yurself time later n. Are yu making ne laf f bread? 3 It takes arund the same amunt f time t make mre f smething. S save yurself the effrt fr a future meal.
● 4 This may surprise yu, but ne f the best tls fr making cking wrth yur time is experimentatin. It gives yu the chance t hit upn new ideas and recipes that can wrk well with yur appetite and schedule. The mre yu learn and the mre yu try, the mre ability yu have t take cntrl f yur fd and yur schedule.
Hpefully that gives yu a gd start. 5 And dn't let a busy schedule discurage yu frm making sme great changes in the way yu eat and live!
A. Try new things.
B. Ability is easily imprved.
C. Make three r fur instead.
D. Understand yur fd better.
E. Cking is a burden fr many peple.
F. Let cking and living simply be a jy rather than a burden.
G. A little time planning ahead can save a lt f wrk later n.
---------------------------------------【2013题组】----------------------------------------
（2013全国I卷）
Business is the rganized apprach（途径） t prviding custmers with the gds and services they want.
The wrd business als refers t an rganizatin that prvides these gds and services. Mst business seek t make a prfit(利润)-that is, they aim t achieve incme(收入) that is mre than the csts f perating the business. 1 Cmmnly called nnprfits, these rganizatins are primarily nngvernmental（非政府的） service prviders. 2
Business management is a term used t describe the techniques(方法) f planning, directin, and cntrl f the peratins f a business. 3 One is the establishment (制定) f brad basic plicies(政策) with respect t prductin; sales; the purchase(购买) f equipment, materials and supplies; and accunting(会计). 4 The third relates t the establishment(建立) f standards f wrk in all departments. Directin is cncerned primarily with supervisin(监管) and guidance by the management in authrity. 5
A．Cntrl includes the use f recrds and reprts t cmpare actual wrk with the set standards fr wrk.
B．In this cnnectin there is the difference between tp management and perative management.
C．Examples f nnprfit business tp management and perative management.
D．Hwever, sme businesses nly seek t enugh t cver their perating csts
E．The secnd aspect relates t the applicatin f these plicies by departments.
F．In the thery f business management, rganizatin has tw main aspects.
G．Planning in business management has three main aspects.
（2013全国II卷）
Public Speaking Training
●Get a cach
1 s get help. Since there are abut a billin cmpanies ut there all ready t ffer yu public speaking training and curses, here are sme things t lk fr when deciding the training that’s right fr yu.
●Fcus n psitives
Any training yu d t becme mre effective at public speaking shuld always fcus n the psitive aspects f what yu already d well. Nthing can hurt cnfidence mre than being tld that yu aren’t ding well. 2 , s gd public speaking training shuld develp thse instead f telling yu what yu shuldn’t d.
● 3
If yu find a public speaking curse that lks as thugh it’s ging t give yu lts f ds and dn’ts, walk away! Yur brain is s full f what yu’re ging t be talking abut. 4 . As far as we’re cncerned, there are basically n hard and fast rules abut public speaking. Yur audience can be yur friends.
●Yu are a special persn nt a clne
Mst imprtantly, gd public speaking training shuld treat yu as a special ne, with yur wn persnal habits. 5 . Yur training curse shuld help yu bring ut yur persnality, nt try t turn yu int smene yu’re nt.
A．S trying t frce a whle set f rules int it will just make things wrse
B．The ne thing yu dn’t want is fr them t fall asleep
C．Whatever the speech, public speaking is tugh
D．Cheek the rules abut ds and dn’ts
E．Turn yur back n t many rules
F．Yu already d lts f things well
G．Yu aren’t like anybdy else
（2013辽宁卷）
Frgiveness
T frgive is a virtue, but n ne has ever said it is easy. When smene has deeply hurt yu, it can be extremely difficult t let g f yur hate. Hwever, frgiveness is pssible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial t yur physical and mental health. Peple wh frgive shw less sadness, anger and stress and mre hpefulness, accrding t a recent research.
1 Try the fllwing steps：
Calm yurself. 2 Yu can take a cuple f breaths and think f smething that gives yu pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, r smene yu lve.
Dn’t wait fr an aplgy. Many times the persn wh hurt yu des nt intend t aplgize. They may have wanted t hurt yu r they just dn’t see things the same way. 3 Keep in mind that frgiveness des nt necessarily mean becming friends again with the persn wh upset yu.
Take the cntrl away frm yur ffender (冒犯者). Rethinking abut yur hurt gives pwer t the persn wh caused yu pain. Instead f fcusing n yur wunded feelings, learn t lk fr the lve, beauty and kindness arund yu.
4 If yu understand yur ffender, yu may realize that he r she was acting ut f unawareness, fear, and even lve. Yu may want t write a letter t yurself frm yur ffender’s pint f view.
Dn’t frget t frgive yurself. 5 But it can rb yu f yur self­cnfidence if yu dn’t d it.
A．Why shuld yu frgive?
B．Hw shuld yu start t frgive?
C．Recgnize the benefits f frgiveness.
D．Try t see things frm yur ffender’s angle.
E．Fr sme peple, frgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F．T make yur anger die away, try a simple stress­management technique.
G．If yu wait fr peple t aplgize, yu culd be waiting an awfully lng time.
-----------------------------------------【2012题组】----------------------------------------
（2012课标卷）
Kids’ Health: Fur Steps fr Fighting Stress
Everybdy gets stressed frm time t time. 1 Sme ways, like screaming r hitting smene, dn’t slve much. But ther ways, like talking t smene yu trust, can lead t yu slving yur prblem r at least feeling better.
Try taking these fur steps the next time yu are stressed:
Get supprt. When yu need help, reach ut t the peple wh care abut yu. Talk t trusted adults, such as parents r ther relatives. 2 They might have had similar prblems, such as dealing with a test, r the death f a belved pet.
D nt take it ut n yurself. Smetimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it ut n themselves. In fact, that’s nt a gd idea. Remember that there are always peple t help yu. 3
Try t slve the prblem. After yu’ re calm and yu have supprt frm adults and friends, it’s time t get dwn t business. 4 Even if yu can’t slve it all, yu can slve a piece f it.
Be psitive. Mst stress is temprary. Remember stress des g away, especially when yu figure ut the prblem and start wrking n slving it.
These steps aren’t magic, but they d wrk. And if yu can stay psitive as yu make yur way thrugh a hard time, yu will help yurself feel better even faster. 5 S, remember the abve ways when yu are stressed.
A．Then, find a way t calm dwn.
B．Yu need t figure ut what the prblem is.
C．Ah, it feels s gd when the stress is gne.
D．Different peple deal with stress in different ways.
E．Chatting with yur friends is als a gd chice.
F．Ntice yur friends’ feelings and find a way t help them.
G．Yu’d better turn t them t get yu thrugh the difficult situatin.
（2012辽宁卷）
Friendship is a very imprtant human relatinship and everyne needs gd friends. But there are times in ur lives such as when we have recently mved int a new twn, r changed ur schls r jbs. Such changes ften leave us withut a friend. 1 But fr many f us, the prcess is difficult and requires curage. Here are sme helpful suggestins n hw t make and keep friends.
Assciate with thers.
The first step t make friends is assciating with peple. Yu can g t public places t meet new peple. Besides, yu will need t make yurself knwn by becming an active member f such places.
Start a cnversatin.
Starting a cnversatin is the secnd mst imprtant step in making new friends. 2 Yu can always start the cnversatin. Being able t make small talk is a very useful skill in relating (关联的) with ther peple.
3
Chsing friends with cmmn interests is imprtant in building friendship as these interests always bring yu and yur friend tgether. Hanging ut will always be a pleasant experience.
Let it grw.
It is a gd thing t stay in cntact. Hwever, try nt t press yur new friend with calls, messages r visits as this wuld likely wear him r her ut and finally yu may lse yur friend. 4 The best friendships are the nes that grw naturally.
Enjy yur friendship.
The best way t enjy yur friendship is t allw yur friends t be themselves. 5 Try nt t change them frm wh they are t what yu want them t be. Becme the kind f friend yu will want yur friend t be.
A．Hang ut frequently.
B．D things tgether.
C．Dn’t wait t be spken t.
D．Try nt t find fault with yur friend.
E．Making new friends cmes easy fr sme peple.
F．Fr a friendship t develp yu need t stay in cntact.
G．S yu will need t give yur friend time t react t yu.
-----------------------------------------【2011题组】----------------------------------------
（2011全国I卷）
Mney Matters
Parents shuld help their children understand mney. 1 . S yu may start talking abut mney when yur child shws an interest in buying things, candy r tys, fr example.
● The basic functin f mney
Begin explaining the basic functin f mney by shwing hw peple trade mney fr gds r services. It is imprtant t shw yur child hw mney is traded fr the things he wants t have.If he wants t have a ty, give him the mney and let him hand the mney t the cashier(收银员). 2 . When yur child grws a bit lder and understands the basic functin f mney, yu can start explaining mre cmplex ways f using mney.
● Mney lessns
Apprach mney lessns with penness and hnesty. 3 . If yu must say n t a child’s request t spend mney, explain, “Yu have enugh ty trucks fr nw.” Or, if the request is fr many different things, say, “Yu have t make a chice between this ty and that ty.”
● 4
Begin at the grcery stre. Pick ut tw similar brands f a prduct—a kind f name-brand butter and a generic (无商标消费品),fr example. Yu can shw yur child hw t make chices between different brands f a prduct s that yu can save mney. 5 . If he chses the cheaper brand, allw him t make anther purchase with the mney saved. Later, yu may explain hw the mre expensive chice leaves less mney fr ther purchases.
A．Wise decisins
B．The value f mney
C．Permit the child t chse between them
D．Tell yur child why he can—r cannt—have certain things
E．Ask yurself what things that cst mney are mst imprtant t yu
F．Talk abut hw the mney bught the thing after yu leave the ty stre
G．The best time t teach a child smething abut mney is when he shws an interest
（2011辽宁卷）
Easy Ways t Keep Yur Brain Sharp
Everyne is frgetful, but as we age, we start t feel like ur brains are slwing dwn a bit-and that can be a very annying thing. 1 Read n fr sme techniques wrth trying.
2
Peple wh regularly made plans and lked frward t upcming events had a 50 percent reduced chance f Alzheimer's disease (早老性痴呆症), accrding t a recent study. 3 Smething as simple as setting a gal t have a weekly cffee date with a friend will d. There's evidence that peple wh have a purpse in life r wh are wrking n lng r shrt-term gals appear t d better. In ther wrds, keep yur brain lking frward.
G fr a walk.
Mildly raised glucse (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area f the brain that helps yu frm memries and physical activity can help get bld glucse dwn t nrmal levels. In fact, exercise prduces chemicals that are gd fr yur brain. 4
Learn smething new.
Take a Spanish class nline, jin a drawing club, r learn t play cards. A study fund that mental stimulatin (刺激) limits the weakening effects f aging n memry and the mind. But the best thing fr yur brain is when yu learn smething new and are physically active at the same time. 5
A．Fcus n the future.
B．This can be especially harmful t the aged.
C．It shuld be smething like learning gardening, r g dancing with yur friends.
D．Live a regular life.
E．But dn't wrry if yur schedule isn't filled with life changing events.
F．Luckily, research shws there is a lt yu can d t avid thse mments.
G．In ther wrds, when yu take care f yur bdy, yu take care f yur brain.
四、开学考试模拟试题
-----------------------------------------【开学考题组】----------------------------------------
（25-26高三上·广东·开学考试）Fr many, the idea f being “average” is scary — t the pint that there’s a wrd fr fear f merely being rdinary and average — that’s kinphbia. 1 With that in mind, kinphbia specifically refers t fear f living an rdinary life, ne that desn’t stand ut．
What causes kinphbia? Generally, peple wh struggle with lw self-respect might fear being average if their self-wrth is tied t a certain skill. It can be a way t make up fr insecurities： If I can be gd and impactful enugh, maybe I’ll feel gd abut myself. 2 This can lead t the feeling that everyne else is achieving mre than we are, which may cntribute t a rise in kinphbia.
3 Besides the anxiety that cmes with kinphbia, thse wh pursue greatness withut rest are at increased risk fr burnut. Furthermre, peple with kinphbia tend t have high standards fr themselves and their accmplishments. Unavidably, they may fail t live up t these standards, which can harm their cnfidence.
It’s kay t be mtivated by a desire t d smething big, but when fear f being average can prevent yu enjying yur life, it becmes a prblem. S give yurself grace and allw fr balance. If yu have prjects and gals, yu can certainly wrk twards them. 4
T vercme kinphbia, yu can als practice self-acceptance s that yu feel kay with wh yu are as yu are nw. If yu find yurself feeling inadequate (不胜任的) when yu see what everyne else seems t be accmplishing, take scial media breaks. 5 Finally, chsing reasnable expectatins fr yurself can prevent yu frm ver-extending yurself.
A．Set sme manageable gals.
B．Kinphbia can be prblematic.
C．Instead,fcus n smething yu enjy.
D．There is always mre that yu can try t accmplish.
E．We’re all prbably average r belw average at smething.
F．But als d care fr yurself and give yurself space t have fun.
G．Mrever, many peple n scial media nly pst the great things they’re ding.
（25-26高三上·安徽·开学考试）Keys t Entrepreneurial (创业者的) Success
Starting a business is ften viewed as a challenging, high-risk venture. Many peple dream f entrepreneurship but dn’t knw where t start. Yu may be an ambitius entrepreneur waiting fr the perfect idea, enugh years f experience, the right team, r significant funding t cme yur way. 1
Instead f verthinking what the market “needs”, examine yur wn life and identify a prblem that yu have persnally faced. Peple will say there are bad ideas, but every idea is gd because it brings yu clser t yur best idea. 2 That desn’t make r break a business as much as yur ability t execute (执行) and adapt.
The truth is, yu can’t rely slely n that grundbreaking idea. 3 The fear r inability t execute is ften what hlds entrepreneurs back. Executin isn’t abut waiting fr the perfect mment r gathering a team befre yu get started. It’s abut taking actin, even when yu dn’t have all the answers.
Mst peple wh start successful cmpanies can appear slightly unreasnable at times fr believing their ideas will be the ne t beat the dds. 4 Entrepreneurship is unique because yu’re ften wrking against prbability, and yu’ll likely face lts f rejectin. If yu dn’t believe in yurself, n ne else will either.
It’s imprtant t remember that althugh there’s risk and sme frm f failure in every entrepreneurial jurney, successful entrepreneurs dn’t let the fear f failure stp them. Dn’t get s stuck weighing every risk and its ptential cnsequences that yu’re made immbile.
5 Yu may nt knw exactly what yur next step is, but if yu wait fr perfect clarity, yu culd wait frever. Many entrepreneurs succeed nt because they have everything figured ut frm the start but because they are willing t jump in and figure it ut as they g.
A．Successful entrepreneurship is 90% executin.
B．Entrepreneurship ften desn’t have a clear path.
C．Venture capital funding is essential fr all startups.
D．But what if these barriers aren’t as imprtant as yu think?
E．The best entrepreneurs always have a perfect plan befre starting.
F．But the ability t remain cnfident and fcused is a great strength.
G．Yur initial cncept fr a prduct r service is just the jumping-ff pint.
（25-26高三上·重庆·开学考试）Have yu ever wndered abut the significance f emtins in ur life? 1 Let me give yu an example here: When yu are with yur lved nes, yur md changes instantly right? Tday, we will learn hw t be emtinally capable and mature, and ding s will result in a better and happier life.
2
Peple interact with us like we are mind readers smetimes, this happens mstly in relatinships. Yur partner wuld want yu t knw exactly what they want and when they want it, this can be extremely agnizing. Just as yu aren’t a mind reader, thers aren’t t. Never rely n expectatins, this way yu will nly feel miserable. Share yur needs with yur lved nes and see the psitive changes.
Mind Yur Wrds
Oftentimes, we say a lt when we are emtinal, especially when we are angry. 3 Yu need t mind whatever yu say r express, this can either make the ther persn lve r hate yu. The strategy in a stressful situatin is t fcus n yurself instead f fcusing n thers, which will calm yu dwn instantly.
Be Respnsible Fr Yur Actins
4 If yu dn’t wn whatever yu say r d, hw can yu becme emtinally strng? Many peple make silly excuses and dn’t take respnsibility fr their actins, that is where they hurt thers and themselves. If yu have made a mistake and hurt thers in the prcess, aplgize immediately.
Avid Negative Peple
Yu are knwn by the cmpany yu keep, this is always true. If yu are surrunded by happy and mtivated peple, yu will always be happy. If yu are surrunded by negative peple that nly bring thers dwn then yu will always feel miserable. 5 Stay clear f peple wh emtinally manipulate thers. Whenever yu feel smething like that, cut ties with them immediately.
A．Cmmunicate Yur Needs
B．Always Questin Yur Thughts
C．Yu must nt let negative thughts questin yur judgment.
D．T be emtinally intelligent, yu need gd supprtive cmpany.
E．Just like yur wrds, yu need t take full respnsibility fr yur actins.
F．Emtins play a critical part in ur lives and are infectius unless cntrlled.
G．If nt cntrlled, this can have severe cnsequences, especially in yur relatinship.
（25-26高三上·云南·阶段练习）Having a Talk with Yur Parents
Start with a statement that’s t the pint.
Start with a statement that explains the issue yu want t address and will help yu step int discussing yur feelings. 1 . Meanwhile, be brief and t the pint when intrducing the tpic. Fr example, yu can say “I feel that it’s unfair that I culdn’t g t the party n Friday night.”
Use “I” statements.
When having a serius talk with yur family, it’s inapprpriate t say “yu always” r “yu never.” 2 . Avid blaming ther peple r becming defensive. Say “When I have t stay hme n Saturday nights instead f hanging ut with Marissa, I feel sad and like I’m missing ut n time with my friends.”
3 .
During this cnversatin, keep yur vice dwn. Avid yelling, cursing r whining at all csts. Take a few deep breaths t calm dwn when yu feel stressed. Remember that the mre mature yu are, the mre likely they’ll be able t understand yu.
Talk abut their cncerns.
4 . Parents ften have reasnable explanatins fr decisins, s try t understand where they are cming frm. Fr instance, perhaps yur parents dn’t want yu t g ut with yur significant ther. Spend time with yur significant ther alng with yur parents until they feel cmfrtable with yu tw ging ut alne.
Give them sme time.
Even if yur parents d nt understand yu immediately, dn’t wrry! 5 . If yu are hping yur parents will change their mind abut smething, give them sme time. Fr instance, if yur mm said that yu can’t get an Xbx, wait until she apprves it r until yu have the mney and are n lnger living with her t d s.
A．Keep a calm tne
B．Tell them abut yur stress
C．Yu can pen the chat with a statement calmly
D．Yu’d be patient befre they can cmpletely get yu.
E．Instead, seek t cmprehend their underlying wrries
F．Alternatively, fcus n yur feelings, and stick t the facts
G．If yu can understand the “why”, then yu can address the prblem
（25-26高三上·北京海淀·开学考试）Many peple think a gd learner must keep steady fcus. Yet new studies shw the ppsite. When the mind gently drifts, it can still absrb facts. Mre imprtantly, it can cnnect them in fresh ways. This prcess, called inferential learning, lets us g beynd the given facts and reach new cnclusins. 21
Mind-drifting gives the brain extra time. Suppse a student hears that plants bend tward light. 2 Neurns repeat the pattern withut effrt. This hidden rehearsal strengthens memry traces and keeps the dr pen fr later links.
Drifting invites remte assciatins. During a break, the same student may recall her kitchen windw, where the basil plant leans each mrning. Tw scenes—classrm and kitchen—meet in her mind. Frm this mix she may infer that light directin, nt just sunlight itself, guides plant grwth. 3 Hwever, fcused study rarely allws such lse pairing f places and times.
A wandering mind tests rules in private. While the teacher mves t the next tpic, the student's thughts may run a quick test: "If the light cmes frm belw, will the stem still bend up?" 4 These quiet experiments sharpen understanding and prepare the learner fr real tests later.
5 They frget that cntrlled wandering is nt the same as chas. Learners can set sft brders: after twenty minutes f hard wrk, they allw five minutes f gentle drift. In this windw, the mind rams but stays near the tpic. The result is deeper insight withut lst time.
A．Critics may say distractin wastes time.
B．Mind-wandering breaks cgnitive barriers.
C．N lab is needed; the brain runs a silent mdel.
D．This randm access generates innvative ideas.
E．The leap is small, but it is new knwledge built n her wn.
F．A wandering mind, it turns ut, is a quiet helper in this wrk.
G．While her eyes lk ut f the windw, her brain keeps the idea alive.
（25-26高三上·广东·开学考试）If yu dn’t knw what emtinal decluttering (清理) is, fasten yur seat belts and jin us fr a way t let g f it all finally. 1 Instead, emtinal decluttering is abut parting with things we dn’t “need” anymre.
2 Well, it’s nt as simple as yu might think. There’s s much mre t it than simply emptying drawers and chsing a few things t thrw away. In this article, we will fcus n several things that might be difficult t part with and hw yu can finally let g f them.
Old schlwrk, ntebks, and randm paper items
I used t save all my ld schlwrk and ntes until a basement fld washed them away. At first, shck kicked in, then sadness. 3 I never pened them after graduatin. Lessn learned. I didn’t need them but was attached t them instead. This was a great lessn in emtinal decluttering. 4 It’s best t stre them n yur phne r cmputer t free yurself f the clutter.
Yur bk cllectin
Nwadays, we all tend t purchase digital bks that are far easier t stre and catalg. But if yu were like me and had several bkshelves filled with bks, yu can declutter them. Srt them int tw piles, keep and dnate. Of curse, keep anything that has meaning t yu and dnate yur bks t yur neighbrhd HOA r lcal library. 5
Plus, creating yur new digital library is fun and exciting. It will als allw yu t chse frm sme audibks if yu never tried them.
A．But that fld did me a favr.
B．That fld caused great damage t the cmmunity.
C．Unfrtunately, mst peple think decluttering is easy.
D．At the same time, remember t buy nly classic bks.
E．S, if yu have such things, yu can scan r take pictures f them.
F．Of curse, that desn’t mean getting rid f everything in yur hme.
G．Either way, yu can develp a sense f freedm by unlading yur bk cllectin.
（25-26高三上·安徽·阶段练习）Successful team cllabratin is essential fr achieving cmplex gals. It invlves mre than just wrking alngside thers; it requires intentinal strategies t use cllective strengths. Then hw can a team cllabrate effectively?
1
Every team member needs a shared understanding f the prject’s bjectives and their specific respnsibilities. This prevents misunderstandings and ensures accuntability. Ambiguity in rles ften leads t repeated effrts, verlked tasks, and frustratin. Clearly utlining expectatins frm the utset sets the stage fr prductive wrk.
Fster pen and respectful cmmunicatin.
Create an envirnment where team members feel safe t share ideas, ask questins, and vice cncerns withut fear f judgment. 2 Actively listening t understand different viewpints, rather than just waiting t speak, is crucial fr building trust and finding the best slutins.
Address cnflicts cnstructively.
3 New cnflicts as pprtunities t explre different perspectives and imprve utcmes. The gal shuld be t understand the rt cause and find a mutually acceptable reslutin. Fcusing n the issue at hand, nt persnal attacks, and seeking cmmn grund helps the team mve frward psitively.
Make the mst f diverse strengths.
Recgnize that each member brings unique skills, experiences, and perspectives t the table. 4 Assigning tasks based n individual strengths nt nly imprves efficiency but als increases engagement and satisfactin.
Establish regular check-ins and feedback lps.
Dn’t wait until the prject deadline t assess prgress. Schedule frequent, brief meetings t discuss updates, radblcks, and next steps. Cnstructive feedback, bth n the wrk and the prcess, shuld be encuraged. 5
A．Define clear gals and rles.
B．Encurage brainstrming sessins.
C．Effective cmmunicatin is the crnerstne f any strng team dynamic.
D．A team that cmmunicates prly will inevitably struggle with crdinatin.
E．Disagreements are unavidable in teamwrk, but they dn’t have t be destructive.
F．Intentinally discuss and map ut these differences t maximize the team’s ptential.
G．This allws the team t adapt quickly and ensure everyne remains aligned with the verall gal.
（2025·河北·三模）Think back t smething yu lved ding as a child r teenager. 1 Back then, these ld passins felt like a cre part f wh yu were. But as life became busier, thse activities slipped int the backgrund. Here’s my stry abut smething I lved — playing the vilin — and hw I let it g.
Whenever I have t share my hbbies in an icebreaker, I hesitate t mentin the vilin. But actually it wasn’t just a casual hbby fr me. 2 Then life gt in the way. I tld myself I’d fcus n exams, then n university, then n my career. Nw, years later, I realize I haven’t tuched the vilin in what feels like a lifetime.
I ask myself: If I never play again, what will I really lse? My high schl teacher, Ms. Gulen, had an answer t this questin: “Pursue yur hbbies and interests. 3 ” I can’t agree mre with that. Stries matter. And ld passins are stries yu can tell abut wh yu are, and wh yu have been.
In my wrk nw, I study hw peple cmprehend their lives thrugh the stries they tell. 4 Peple wh feel cnnected t their persnal stries — wh understand hw their past experiences influence their current lives — tend t feel mre mtivated, purpseful, and cnsistent with their values.
5 It cnnected me t music, t creativity, and t the friendships I built thrugh shared passin. Being “the girl wh played the vilin” gave me smething different, smething uniquely mine. Even thugh I haven’t played in years, that part f my identity still feels imprtant.
A．They will give yu a stry t tell.
B．A hbby r creative pursuit brught yu jy.
C．Fr me, playing the vilin was a key part f that stry.
D．Maybe it was playing an instrument, painting, r sccer.
E．Hwever, I fund peple didn’t take it seriusly anyway.
F．These stries play a significant rle in their sense f well-being.
G．I spent hurs practicing, preparing fr cncerts, and puring my heart int it.
（25-26高三上·宁夏银川·阶段练习）Street art, usually referred t as “public art”, is defined as art n uter surfaces dne with permissin by the cmmunity. 1 . The art frm has evlved ver the decades frm a grass-rts prject t mainstream ppularity.
2 . They were established in public areas t hnr religius and plitical leaders. Thrugh evlutin, the rts f street art shifted t rest in scial and plitical cmments, giving vice t thse ften unheard. In the 20th century, the term evlved t include the art created t speak fr the peple r advance scial and plitical mvements. 3 .
Street art is smetimes a frm f activism (行动主义) that stimulates the imaginatin. 4 . Bringing these images int the classrm and spaces with teens engages them and sparks relevant cnversatins.
Cnversatin flws easily frm admiring images, visiting sites, r participating in the creatin f public art. There is value in analyzing art in yur lcal cmmunity t build cmmunity cnnectins. Befre sharing a piece, briefly research the artist and the name and lcatin f the wrk—r research tgether with teens. 5 . This nt nly prmtes diversity in the arts but als expses yung peple t prfessinal artists wh lk like them and empwers them t explre the arts as a viable career chice.
A．These questins can be replicated with any piece f art
B．It is ften seen n walls f buildings and bridges in urban settings
C．Many artists create bld pieces t draw attentin t ecnmic issues
D．Yunger generatins travel t sites f utdr wrk t engage with the art
E．Try selecting artists f diverse backgrunds whse wrks highlight varius styles
F．Fr instance, there were the early cmmunity murals f the civil rights mvement
G．The rigins f mdern public art were expensive mnuments (纪念碑) and structures at the request f the wealthy
（25-26高三上·广东·阶段练习）When yur Hme Becmes a Turist Attractin
Have yu ever lked at a beautiful little new huse in Lndn and thught “It must be s amazing t live there”? 1 But fr the peple wh actually d live in thse hmes, scial media phtgraphy has changed what it means t live in a pictures que place.
Alice Jhnstn is a lngtime resident f Ntting Hill, the Lndn neighbrhd famus fr the beautifully-painted rw huses and fr being the setting f the mvie f the same name. Jhnstn, a jurnalist, has cmplicated feelings abut her Instagram- belved neighbrhd. She lives n Prtbell Rad, ne f the capital’s mst famus streets. 2 Once, she and a friend were walking his bulldg when a turist asked if they culd “brrw” the pup fr a quick pht. The friend and the dg agreed, s the Instagrammer psed with the dg in frnt f a bright blue dr and then handed ver five punds as a thank yu. In that stry, everybdy had a gd time. 3 “I was nce wken up at 6 a.m. n Easter Sunday by a French teenager taking pictures utside,” Jhnstn says.
4 Jhnstn, fr example, tries t be sympathetic t travelers cming t her hmetwn, recalling hw she lved taking pictures f histric neighbrhds in Paris, Rme and the like. In fact, she recently fund phts f herself as a teenager hanging ut at the Ntting Hill Carnival years befre she mved t the capital herself. 5 “I feel lucky that it’s cl enugh that peple want t cme where I live.”
A．If s, yu’re nt alne.
B．But there can be a darker side.
C．Fr her, nthing beats the pleasure t see s many peple excited abut it.
D．Living in a much-phtgraphed place, sme peple try t take the gd with the bad.
E．Hwever, when private hmes becme turist attractins, quarrels can ccur.
F．And she has witnessed all kinds f behavir cmmitted t getting a perfect picture.
G．As a travel lver, she has becme pretty understanding when seeing the crwds again.