高考英语二轮专项-七选五（知识清单）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮专项-七选五（知识清单）（教师版），共24页。学案主要包含了思维导图，高考考向，真题呈现等内容，欢迎下载使用。

二、高考考向
1.从体裁来看，说明文占据绝对优势，记叙文和议论文相对较少；
2.从话题来看，“人与自我”和“人与社会”占比偏多，“人与自然”偏少；
3.从位置来看，段中句最多，段首句和段尾句次之；还有半截儿句；
4.从技巧来看，代词替代、词语复现和逻辑关系是做好七选五必杀技；
5.从干扰来看，段落标题句和词语复现最容易设干扰选项，务必重视。
三、真题呈现
-----------------------------------------【2020题组】----------------------------------------
（2020课标卷）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking. 36 D yu want t be a gd public speaker? Here are sme principles yu must master.
Peple want t listen t smene wh is interesting, relaxed and cmfrtable. T ften when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the “public” at the expense f the “speaking. ” 37 Fcus n the speaking. Talk directly t yur audience, be yurself and make a cnnectin.
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact, mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message. S, dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne. 38
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker. 39 And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
40 It’s rare t hear smene say, “I wish that speaker had spken lnger.” On the ther hand, yu prbably can’t cunt the times that yu’ve thught, “I’m glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever!“” S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated. It’s better t leave yur listeners wishing fr mre than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting fr yur speech finally t end.
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’ t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E. The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience
F. Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners
G. Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D
【导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
36. 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
37. 下句Fcus n the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项D the ppsite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
38. 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。
39. 本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
40. 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
（2020全国I卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips fr Self-Acceptance
We all want it t accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. 36 Here’s a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
● 37 D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
●Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. We are ften ashamed f ur shrtcmings, ur mistakes and ur failures. 38 Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in hw yu culd have dne better, why nt ffer yurself a cmpassinate (有同情心) respnse? “That didn’t g as planned. But, I tried my best.”
●Recgnize all f yur strengths. Write them dwn in a jurnal. Begin t train yur brain t lk at strength befre weakness. List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday. 39
●Nw that yu’ve listed yur strengths, list yur imperfectins. Turn the page in yur jurnal. Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn’t feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself. 40 Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where d yu start?
C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
D. Remember, yu are nly human.
E Set an intentin fr self-acceptance.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?
【答案】36-40 BFDCA
【导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36. B。根据题目A Few Tips fr Self-acceptance及下文的Here's a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where d yu start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境。
37. F。根据下文Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly ne in this wrld.可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.可以作为本段中心句。
38. D。根据本文的中心句Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made.及下文的Yu will make mistakes, time and time again.可知，选项D. Remember, yu are nly human.与上下文衔接最好。
39. C。根据上文List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)可知，选项C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)与上文衔接最好。
40. A。结合上文Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn't feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself.和下文的Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?可知，选项A. Feeling upset again?最合上下文语境。
（2020全国II卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emji（表情符号）and Wrkplace Cmmunicatin
In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. 36 . It’s been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
Written cmmunicatins can ften read as cld and dull. Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear. 37 , encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.
In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin style can be a challenge.38 .
While the yunger generatins prefer t cmmunicate visually, fr thse used t wrking with traditinal tls like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The gd news is that it’s simple t learn and can be wrth the effrt.
There is als the matter f tne（语气）. Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? 39 . Emji can help cmmunicatin feel friendlier, and even a serius nte can be sftened with an encuraging smile.
40 , and emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. And when yur emplyees begin adding smiling emjis t their business cmmunicatin, yu’ll knw yu have succeeded in imprving yur wrk culture.
A. Message with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E. Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F. Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G. An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
【答案】36-40 DACBF
【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36. D。根据前句“In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。
37. A。根据前句“Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。
38. G。根据前句“In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd,”与选择项中“all wrk generatins”是一致的。
39. B。根据前句“ Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。
40. F。根据后句“and Emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。
（2020全国III卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the panty. The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. 36 And it is gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents.
37 Sme peple register a list f things they want r need fr their new hme at a lcal r stre r stres. Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a gd husewarming gift is smething t decrate the new huse with, like a piece f art r a plant.
38 This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn’t a lt f fd served. There are usually n planned activities like games at a husewarming party. The hst r hstess f the party will, hwever, prbably give all the guests a tur f their new hme. Smetimes, because a husewarming party happens shrtly after a persn mves int their new hme, peple may be asked t help unpack bxes. 39
Husewarming parties get their name frm the fact that a lng time ag peple wuld actually bring firewd t a new hme as a gift. 40 Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn’t use fires t keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual thugh.
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu’re lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F. The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G. This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.
36-40 EBCAG
【导读】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36. E。上句 The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的。
37. B。下文Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece f art r a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项概括了本段内容，引出下文。
38. C。本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn' t a lt f fd served.指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。
39. A。本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项表达了此意，与上文衔接。
40. G。上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewd t a new hme as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项符合语境。
-----------------------------------------【2019题组】----------------------------------------
（2019全国I卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Gd fr Yu?
We all grew up hearing peple tell us t “g ut and get sme fresh air.” 36 Accrding t recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in yur camping area is gd.
37 If the air yu’re breathing is clean--which it wuld be if yu’re away frm the smg f cities--then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing xygen. If yu exercise ut f drs, yur bdy will learn t breathe mre deeply, allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles (肌肉) and yur brain.
Recently peple have begun studying the cnnectin between the natural wrld and healing (治愈). 38 In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery. It turns ut that just lking at green, grwing things can reduce stress, lwer bld pressure, and put peple int a better md (情绪). Greenery is gd fr us. Hspital patients wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling f peace.
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D—but still prtect yur skin— put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that's plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day's wrth f Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B. S what are yu waiting fr?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F. Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate air with health care.
G. All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【答案】36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E 40. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。
36.上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”，下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，你会犹豫不决。”，该空承上启下，G选项“没有动力，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
37.上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本队进一步讲如何激励自己并保持动力来实现目标。B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”承上启下，故选B。
38.上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
39.上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。
40.上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切题，故选C。
（2019全国II卷）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项 选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing n a diving bard fur feet high and asking himself the questin:“Shuld I jump? This is what mtivatin r the lack f it can d. Mtivatin and gal setting are the tw sides f same cin. 36 Like the child n the diving bard, yu will stay undecided.
37 Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal? First, yu need t evaluate yurself, yur values yur strengths, yur weaknesses, yur achievements, yur desires etc. Only then shuld yu set yur gals.
Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin. This is quite imprtant, because it is directly related t yur cmmitment. There are times when yur heart is nt in yur wrk. 38 S, slw dwn and think what yu really want t d at that mment. Clarity（清晰）f thughts can help yu mve frward.
Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives, keeping in mind yur beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that gals are flexible. 39 They als need t be measurable. Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.
Yur persnal circumstances are equally imprtant. Fr example, yu may want t be a Pilt but can’t becme ne because yur eyesight is nt gd enugh. 40 Yu shuld reassess yur gals, and mtivate yurself t set a fresh gal.
Yu will surely need t vercme sme difficulties, sme planned, but mst unplanned. Yu cannt vercme them withut ample mtivatin. Make sure that yu plan fr these difficulties at the time f setting yur gals.
A. This can affect yur wrk.
B. S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?
C. Hwever, this shuld nt discurage yu.
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
F. Mtivatin is what yu need mst t d a gd jb.
G. Withut mtivatin yu can neither set a gal nr reach it.
36-40 GBAEC
【答案】36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E 40. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。
36.上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”，下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，你会犹豫不决。”，该空承上启下，G选项“没有动力，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
37.上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本队进一步讲如何激励自己并保持动力来实现目标。B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”承上启下，故选B。
38.上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
39.上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。
40.上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切题，故选C。
（2019全国III卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an nline class, develping healthy patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant. 36 While I have nly listed tw f each, there are bviusly many ther situatins that can arise. Students shuld be able t extend the lgic（逻辑）f each t their particular circumstance.
D's
• 37 Questins abut subject cntent are generally welcmed. Befre asking questins abut the curse design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system infrmatin t be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussin frums（论坛）, blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue. 38 Be sure t stay n tpic and nt ffer irrelevant infrmatin. Make a pint, and make it safe fr thers t d the same.
Dn'ts
• Dn't share persnal infrmatin r stries. Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends. If yu are in need f a deadline extensin, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr. 39
• Dn't penly express annyance at a prfessr r class. 40 When a student attacks a prfessr n the scial media, the language used actually says mre abut the student. If there is truly a cncern abut a prfessr's prfessinalism r ability, be sure t use nline curse evaluatins t calmly ffer yur cmments.
A. That's what they are fr.
B. Turn t an nline instructr fr help.
C. If mre infrmatin is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that nline prfessrs get a lt f emails.
E. Belw are sme cmmn d's and dn’ts fr nline learners.
F. Everyne has taken a nt-s-great class at ne time r anther.
G. Ask questins, but make sure they are gd, thughtful questins.
【答案】36. E37. G38. A39. C40. F
【解析】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
36.根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an nline class, develping healthy patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant.可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故E项符合语境。
37.根据其后一句Questins abut subject cntent are generally welcmed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，G项“make sure they are gd, thughtful questins”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
38.根据前一句Participate in discussin frums(论坛), blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
39.根据本段Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends.可知，教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，所以不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故C项符合语境。
40.通读本段，并根据本段主题句Dn’t penly express annyance at a prfessr r class.告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F承上启下。故选F。
----------------------------------------【2018题组】----------------------------------------
（2018全国I卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Clr is fundamental in hme design — smething yu’ll always have in every rm. A grasp f hw t manage clr in yur spaces is ne f the first steps t creating rms yu’ll lve t live in. D yu want a rm that’s full f life? Prfessinal? Or are yu just lking fr a place t relax after a lng day? 1 , clr is the key t making a rm feel the way yu want it t feel.
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. 2 , they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there’re really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes.
3 . They’re the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable. Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r bkshelves. 4 . They require a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes, and they have a mre pwerful effect n the feeling f a space.
The large clr decisins in yur rms cncern the walls, ceilings, and flrs. Whether yu’re lking at wallpaper r paint, the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant. 5 .
A. While all f them are useful
B. Whatever yu’re lking fr
C. If yu’re experimenting with a clr
D. Small clr chices are the nes we’re mst familiar with
E. It’s nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F. S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G. Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
【解析】
文章大意：文章主要讲述了颜色在家庭装饰中的巨大作用，并介绍了三种设计方案。
1. B。上文给出了不同的房间风格选择，第一段最后一句又说到"making a rm feel the way yu want it t feel"可知,此处指不管你在寻找哪种风格，颜色是关键。
2. A。结合第二段第一句中的"a number f different techniques"以及最后一句给出的三种设计方案可知，此处表示"虽然这些技巧非常有用，但它们会有一点复杂"，故A项符合语境。
3. D。第二段最后一句出现了"the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes"，第三段提到了"small clr chices"，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲"the small nes"，故选D。
4. G。第四段最后一句提到了"a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes"和"a mre pwerful effect"可知，此处是和上文中的"small clr chices"作对比，故选G。
5. F。根据第五段第二句提到的"the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant"可知,此处意在强调所花费的时间、精力和费用是巨大的，由此可推知选F。
（2018全国II卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu are already making the time t exercise, it is gd indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard t try and find the time t wrk ut. 1 Wrking ut in the mrning prvides additinal benefits beynd being physically fit.
●Yur prductivity is imprved. Exercising makes yu mre awake and ready t handle whatever is ahead f yu fr the day. 2 Yur metablism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 3 If yu wrk ut in the mrnings, then yu will be getting the calrie (卡路里) burning benefits fr the whle day, nt in yur sleep.
● 4 Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes yu, s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
● 5 If yu wrk ut bright and early in the mrning, yu will be mre likely t stick t healthy fd chices thrughut the day. Wh wuld want t ruin their gd wrkut by eating junk fd? Yu will want t cntinue t fcus n psitive chices.
There are a lt f benefits t wrking ut, especially in the mrnings. Set yur alarm clck an hur early and push yurself t wrk ut! Yu will feel energized all day lng.
A. Yu will stick t yur diet.
B. Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C. Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D. There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E. Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4-10 hurs after exercise.
F. After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G. If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu’re ding it nw, then listen up!
文章大意：本文从工作效率、新陈代谢、睡眠质量和饮食习惯四个方面介绍了晨练给人们带来的好处。
1. G。空后一句及接下来的段落是在讲晨练的好处，所以G"如果你计划定期锻炼，或者你现在正在锻炼，那就注意听"符合语境。
2. E。根据空处前两句（你的工作效率提高了；锻炼会让你更清醒，并准备好应付一天中摆在你面前的一切）可知，此空应选E"运动后你可以保持头脑清醒4—10个小时"。mre awake与E项中的clear照应。
3. F。由此空后的" whle day"与F项中的"burn calries thrughut the day"一致可知,答案为F"在你运动之后，你一整天都在消耗卡路里"。
4. B。此空是本段的中心句，根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲了晨练对睡眠的益处，所以选B"你的睡眠质量提高了"。空后一句中的"slept better"是关键信息。
5. A。根据本段中的"healthy fd"和"junk fd"与选项A中的diet有关可知，此空应选A"你会坚持你的饮食 (习惯)"。
（2018全国III卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Befre there was the written wrd, there was the language f dance. Dance expresses lve and hate, jy and srrw, life and death, and everything else in between.
1 We dance frm Flrida t Alaska, frm nrth t suth and sea t sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, ffice parties and just t fill the time.
"I adre dancing," says Lester Bridges, the wner f a dance studi in Iwa. "I can’t imagine ding anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes fr all ages. "Teaching dance is wnderful. 2 It’s great t watch them. Fr many f them, it’s a way f meeting peple and having a scial life."
3 "I can tell yu abut ne yung cuple," says Bridges. "They’re learning t d traditinal dances. They arrive at the class in lw spirits and they leave with a smile. 4 "
S, d we dance in rder t make urselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, "Dance, like the pattern f a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want t get better and better. 5 I find it hard t stp! Dancing reminds me I’m alive."
A. S why d we dance?
B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C. If yu like dancing utdrs, cme t America.
D. My lder students say it makes them feel yung.
E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems t change their feeling cmpletely.
G. They stayed up all night lng singing and dancing.
文章大意：舞蹈有着悠久的历史，它传递着人们的丰富情感：爱与恨、乐与悲、生与死……
1. B。待填处为本段主题句，本段语境描述了跳舞的时空，故可知在美国，舞蹈无处不在。
2. D。本句起到承上启下的作用。 根据设空前一句"Teaching dance is wnderful."可知，下文应与教别人跳舞有关，又根据设空后句"Its great t watch them."中的 "them"可知，待填句应包含一个表示人的复数名词，故为D。
3. A。本段主要讲了跳舞之后人们心情会变好，由此可知，待填处提出问题，与下文构成因果关系。
4. F。此处表示跳过舞后人们心情的积极变化，再根据设空前的 "ne yung cuple"可知，待填处的代词应为复数,即"their"。
5. E。本段中用了三个以 "I"开头的排比句 (I want t get better. I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired. I find it hard t stp.)，表明Andrea Hillier对舞蹈的热爱，故选E。
----------------------------------------【2017题组】----------------------------------------
（2017全国I卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insect bites, ill-cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags. They had nthing in cmmn with me. 1
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. 2 We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr’s bill fr my sn’s fd pisning.
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun-filled hliday in the wilderness. 3 Instead, we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner. My nature-lving friends had remembered t bring all the necessities f life.
4 We have dne a lt f it since. Recently, we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
5 It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature. I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.
A. This time there was n tent.
B. Things are ging t be imprved.
C. The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D. I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E. I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对野营活动由抵触到喜欢的转变过程。
1. D。上文说，作者一开始对野营产生过抵触情绪。但是，从下文可知，作者后来喜欢上了野营活动。本空表示意义的转折，承上启下，为下文做铺垫。故选D。
2. C。根据下文可知，这次野营活动从住宿、饮食到洗澡都很艰苦。故选C，对下文内容进行概括。
3. A。前句说，作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，后句说，这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调。故选A，起承上启下的作用。
4. F。本段讲述作者一家开始野营，并采购很多野营的装备。由此可知，自上次活动以来作者一家对野营活动非常感兴趣。故本空选F。
5. E。上文讲述了作者对野营活动由抵触到感兴趣的转变过程，由此可见，作者已经完全喜欢上了野营活动。故本空选E。
（2017全国II卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptins are ne f the wrst things t deal with while yu’re trying t get wrk dne. 1 , there are several ways t handle things. Let’s take a lk at them nw.
2 .Tell the persn yu’re srry and explain that yu have a millin things t d and then ask if the tw f yu can talk at a different time.
When peple try t interrupt yu, have set hurs planned and let them knw t cme back during that time r that yu’ll find them then. 3 . It can help t eliminate (消除) future interruptins.
When yu need t talk t smene, dn’t d it in yur wn ffice. 4 . it’s much easier t excuse yurself t get back t yur wrk than if yu try t get smene ut f yur space even after explaining hw busy yu are
If yu have a dr t yur ffice, make gd use f it. 5 . If smene kncks and it’s nt an imprtant matter. excuse yurself and let the persn knw yu’re busy s they can get the hint (暗示) than when the dr is clsed, yu’re nt t be disturbed.
A. If yu’re busy, dn’t feel bad abut saying n
B. When yu want t avid interruptins at wrk
C. Set bundaries fr yurself as yur time ges
D. If yu’re in the ther persn’s ffice r in a public area
E. It’s imprtant that yu let them knw when yu’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind t cut peple shrt when they interrupt yu
G. Leave it pen when yu’re available t talk and clse it when yu’re nt
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了避免工作时被打断的几种方法。
1. B。根据上文的"Interruptins are ne f the wrst things t deal with"以及下文的"there are several ways t handle things"可知，工作时被打断是要处理的最糟糕的事情之一，有几个处理事情的办法。空处承上启下，应选B项。
2. A。根据下文的"Tell the persn yu’re if the tw f yu can talk at a different time"可知，本段讲述的是当你忙的时候，要拒绝别人打断你。故A项符合文意。
3. E。根据上文的"let them knw t cme back during that time r that yu’ll find them then"及下文的" It can help t eliminate(消除) future interruptins."可知，此处指让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的。故选E项。
4. D。根据上文的"dn’t d it in yur wn ffice"以及下文的"excuse yurself t get back t yur wrk"可知，你如果不在自己的办公室里，就更容易给自己找到借口返回来工作。故选D项。
5. G。根据本段的首句"If yu have a dr t yur ffice, make gd use f it"以及下文的"when the dr is clsed"可知，G项符合文意。
（2017全国III卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lts f peple find it hard t get up in the mrning and put the blame n the alarm clck. In fact, the key t easy mrning wake-up lies in resting yur bdy clck 1 Here is hw t make ne.
● 2 In rder t make a change, yu need t decide why it's imprtant. D yu want t get up in time t have breakfast with yur family, get in sme exercise, r just be better prepared fr yur day? Once yu are clear abut yur reasn, tell yur family r rmmates abut the change yu want t make.
● Rethink mrnings. Nw that yu knw why yu want t wake up, cnsider re-arranging yur mrning activities. If yu want time t have breakfast with yur family, save sme time the night befre by setting ut clthes, shes, and bags. 3 That’s a quarter-hur mre yu culd be sleeping if yu bught a cffee maker with a timer.
● Keep yur sleep/wake schedule n weekends. If yu’re tired ut by Friday night, sleeping in n Saturday culd sund wnderful. But cmpensating n the weekends actually feeds int yur sleepiness the fllwing week, a recent study fund. 4
● Keep a recrd and evaluate it weekly. Keep track f yur effrts and write dwn hw yu feel. After yu’ve tried a new methd fr a week, take a lk at yur recrd. 5 If nt, take anther lk at ther methds yu culd try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right mtivatin.
C. A better plan fr sleep can help.
D. And cnsider setting a secnd alarm.
E. If the steps yu take are wrking, keep it up.
F. Stick t yur set bedtime and wake-up time, n matter the day.
G. Recnsider the 15 minutes yu spend in line at the café t get cffee.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何做计划建立好生物钟，保持早睡早起的好习惯。
1. C。第一段最后一句说"以下是如何制作一个"，代词ne指代"计划"一词，因此本空选C。
2. B。空后谈到要改变，先要说清楚做出改变很重要的原因；后面谈到一旦明白了其中的原因，就可以告诉你的家人或室友你想做出改变；由此可以推断出这段总的在说找到正确的动机，因此本空选B。
3. G。本段最后一句谈到如果买咖啡机自己弄咖啡，早上可以多睡一会儿，因此前一句应该要与咖啡有关，本空选G。
4. F。本段谈到周末起床、睡觉的时间应该和平常一致，不然周末多睡反而会增加接下来工作日的睡意。F项中的n matter the day指的就是周末也应该和工作日的作息一致。因此本空选F。
5. E。本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。本空后的If nt说明前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚持，因此选E。
----------------------------------------【2016题组】----------------------------------------
（2016全国I卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secret cdes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, cmpanies, and gvernment agencies use secret cdes in ding business, especially when infrmatin is sent by cmputer.
Peple have used secret cdes fr thusands f years. 1 Cde breaking never lags (落后) far behind cde making. The science f creating and reading cded messages is called cryptgraphy.
There are three main types f cryptgraphy. 2 Fr example, the first letters f "My elephant eats t many eels" spell ut the hidden message "Meet me."
3 Yu might represent each letter with a number, fr example. Let's number the letters f the alphabet, in rder, frm 1 t 26. If we substitute a number fr each letter, the message "Meet me" wuld read "13 5 5 20 13 5."
A cde uses symbls t replace wrds, phrases, r sentences. T read the message f a real cde, yu must have a cde bk. 4 Fr example, "bridge" might stand fr "meet" and "ut" might stand fr "me." The message "Bridge ut" wuld actually mean "Meet me." 5 Hwever, it is als hard t keep a cde bk secret fr lng. S cdes must be changed frequently.
A. It is very hard t break a cde withut the cde bk.
B. In any language, sme letters are used mre than thers.
C. Only peple wh knw the keywrd can read the message.
D. As lng as there have been cdes, peple have tried t break them.
E. Yu can hide a message by having the first letters f each wrd spell it ut.
F. With a cde bk, yu might write dwn wrds that wuld stand fr ther wrds.
G. Anther way t hide a message is t use symbls t stand fr specific letters f the alphabet.
【解析】文章主要介绍了与密码学相关的编码与破解知识。
1. D。根据后面一句"Cde breaking never lags(落后) far behind cde making"可知，此空该选D（只要有密码的存在，人们就会试图去破解它们）。
2. E。上句提到:有三种主要的密码设定方式。下句提到:例如，“ My elephant eats t many eels”的首字母就拼出了“ Meet me”这隐藏起来的信息。由此可知本句应该为一种密码的设定方式，根据下句举到的例子可知E项正确，意为“你可以用每个单词的首字母拼写出一条信息，以此来隐藏它。
3. G。上段指出有三种主要的密码设定方式，并且已经提到了种，本段应该指出另外一种。下文举例说明了用数字来代替字母的密码方式，由此可知G项能起到统领本段的作用，意为“另外一种隐藏信息的方式就是用符号来代替字母表中特定的字母。”
4. F。上句指出:要解读某个真实密码的信息，你必须要有密码本。本句是对上句的解释说明，结合下文举到的例子，可推断出本句主要解释如何利用密码本来破解隐藏起来的信息。F项符合语境，意为“拥有了密码本，你也许就能写出代表其他单词的单词。”
5. A。上文指出了利用密码本来破解密码的方式。A项是总结上文内容得出的结论，意为“没有密码本就很难破解密码”，而且根据下句…… it is als hard t.”的句型结构也可得知A项符合语境。
（2016全国II卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A garden that's just right fr yu
Have yu ever visited a garden that seemed just right fr yu, where the atmsphere f the garden appeared t ttal mre than the sum (总和) f its parts? 1 . But it desn't happen by accident. It starts with lking inside yurself and understanding wh yu are with respect t the natural wrld and hw yu apprach the gardening prcess.
● 2
Sme peple may think that a garden is n mre than plants, flwers, patterns and masses f clr. Others are cncerned abut using gardening methds that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 3 . Hwever, there are a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden. One f them cmes frm ur earliest years.
●Recall (回忆) yur childhd memries
Our mdel f what a garden shuld be ften ges back t childhd. Grandma's rse garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be gd r bad, but that's nt what's imprtant. 4 — hw being in thse gardens made us feel. If yu'd like t build a pwerful bnd with yur garden, start by taking sme time t recall the gardens f yur yuth. 5 . Then g utside and wrk ut a plan t translate yur childhd memries int yur grwn-up garden. Have fun.
A. Knw why yu garden
B. Find a gd place fr yur wn garden
C. It's ur experience f the garden that matters
D. It's delightful t see s many beautiful flwers
E. Still thers may simply enjy being utdrs and clse t plants
F. Yu can prduce that kind f magical quality in yur wn garden, t
G. Fr each f thse gardens, write dwn the strngest memry yu have
【解析】本文介绍了如何搭建一个正好适合你的花园，亲近自然，体验园艺快乐，重温童年时代美好记忆。
1. F。根据文章首句及下文的"But it desn’t happen by accident"可知，这里是在讲"你是否曾去过一个花园……但是它不是偶然发生的"。故F项"Yu can prduce that kind f magical quality in yur wn garden, t"符合语境。
2. A。根据下文中的"a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden"可知，本段的主题应与你想要种植花园的原因有关，故选A项。
3. E。根据上文的"Sme peple may think..."和"Others are cncerned abut..."可知此处表达的是人们种植花园的不同原因，而E项中的"Still thers may simply enjy..."与上下文衔接自然，故选E项。
4. C。根据上文的" that’s nt what’s imprtant"和下文中的"hw being in thse gardens made us feel"可知此处讲的应是什么是重要的，故C项符合语境。
5. G。上文的"the gardens f yur yuth"以及下文的"yur childhd memries"与G项中的"thse gardens"和"the strngest memry yu have"相呼应，故选G项。
（2016全国III卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyne knws that fish is gd fr health. 1 But it seems that many peple dn't ck fish at hme. Americans eat nly abut fifteen punds f fish per persn per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at hme. Buying, string, and cking fish isn't difficult. 2 This text is abut hw t buy and ck fish in an easy way.
3 Fresh fish shuld smell sweet: yu shuld feel that yu're standing at the cean's edge. Any fishy r strng smell means the fish isn't fresh. 4 When yu have bught a fish and arrive hme, yu'd better stre the fish in the refrigeratr if yu dn't ck it immediately, but fresh fish shuld be stred in yur fridge fr nly a day r tw. Frzen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh ne.
There are many cmmn methds used t ck fish. 5 First, clean it and seasn it with yur chice f spices (调料). Put the whle fish n a plate and steam it in a steam pt fr 8 t 10 minutes if it weighs abut ne pund. (A larger ne will take mre time.) Then, it's ready t serve.
A. D nt buy it.
B. The easiest is t steam it.
C. This is hw yu can d it.
D. It just requires a little knwledge.
E. The fish will g bad within hurs.
F. When buying fish, yu shuld first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thught t help prevent heart disease.
【解析】本文介绍了如何用简单的方法购买鱼和烹制鱼。
1. G。由第1空后的句意表示转折可知，转折前的句子在语意上应该保持一致，即说明吃鱼对健康的益处。故选G。
2. D。空前一句提到对鱼的选购、储存和烹制并不困难，空后一句讲本文是关于如何以一种简单的方式购买和烹制鱼的，故选D"这只需要一点点知识就能做好"。
3. F。段落的支撑细节始终围绕主题句展开，本段中第二、三句围绕如何通过嗅觉来鉴别鱼是否新鲜，因此可以判断F项正确。
4. A。第4空前提到，浓烈的气味说明鱼已不新鲜，故不能买这种鱼。据此可知A项正确。
5. B。本段的主题为如何烹制鱼，下文讲到了烹制鱼的步骤：首先，洗净鱼；其次，添加调料；最后，将装有鱼的盘子放入蒸锅中，蒸8至10分钟即可食用（以重约为一磅的鱼为例）。故选B项"最简单的方法是蒸"。