专题06 语法填空之解题思路分类指导（知识清单）（含答案）2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用）

这是一份专题06 语法填空之解题思路分类指导（知识清单）（含答案）2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用），文件包含专题06语法填空之解题思路分类指导知识清单原卷版2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单全国通用docx、专题06语法填空之解题思路分类指导知识清单解析版2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单全国通用docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共43页， 欢迎下载使用。

02语法填空六年高考考情
专家点评：
1.文章长约220个词，设空10个。设空密度科学合理；
2.给词填空占6-7空，自由填空占3-4空；
3.谓语和非谓语动词是每年必考点，并列句和复合句也是高考热点；
4.实词为主，虚词为辅；介词考查相对比较频繁。
03语法填空满分策略
1. 浏览全文，明确大意
浏览全文的目的是尽快把握其大意，利用“大意”这条“主线”来引导自己，为下一步填空作好准备。除大意之外，在通读全文的过程中，考生有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材、中心思想、写作主线、段落层次等。了解这些问题，有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。
2. 细读全文，逐项填空
了解文章大意之后，就可以着手填空了。考生填空的过程实际上是一个判断空缺部分的语义（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法形式的思维过程。遇到无法确定的题目，可以先跳过去，不要花费太多的时间停留在一个空上。对于这些没有答出的题目，后面的内容有可能会给出提示，或者在核查时联系上下文进行推理。
3. 实用技能，反复颜值
括号内给动词的三种填法：一是谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致；二是非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing形式或过去分词；三是动词词类转换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed形容词。
填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”：一看句子明确的时间状语，如in the past three mnths;二看句子特定的句型，如This is the first time that…;三看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”；四看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。
语法填空两个重要理念：一是同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态；非谓语考查t d, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。二是括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。
4. 复读全文，调整答案
在答题时间充裕的情况下，复查是必要的。复查的方法是将所有答案代入短文中进行检查，以最后确定答案。通读时要注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。一旦理顺全文信息且多数空也已填好，一开始感到棘手的难点很可能此时已迎刃而解。
语法填空高考真题分类指导
第1组：括号内给动词填写谓语类
若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。
1.（2025北京卷）Making chices is part f life. By the time yu brushed yur teeth, yu __________ (make) several decisins even withut nticing.
2.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Ca _________ (walk) thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents, and in 2016, he reached the tp f Kilimanjar, Africa’s highest muntain.
3.（2024全国甲卷）What shuld _________ (d) with such a beautiful place? They wndered ut lud.
4. (2020•全国III卷)When he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ________ (pint) dwn the river.
第2组：括号内给动词填写非谓语类
若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；动词－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。
5.（2025全国二卷）Grwing up, my family and ur neighbrs never used cltheslines t dry clthing. denying me the chance __________ (discver) ne f the great wnders f sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clthes fr an entire day.
6. (2025北京卷)When __________ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences.
7.（2025全国二卷）If yu’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” frm a sheet r shirt __________ (leave) t sun fr a day, well, yu’re missing ut n ne f life’s wnders.
8.（2023全国乙卷）As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years ___________ (recrd) everything I discvered.
第3组：括号内给动词转化为名词、形容词类
当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。
9.（2025全国一卷）“In a G game, each mve shuld serve a lng-term gal. Yu try t lead the ppnent int yur trap and frce them t fllw yur ___________ (guide) till they lse,” explains Wang Wei, a G player amng the visitrs t the exhibitin.
10.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vwed (承诺) t prmte the idea at the ___________ ( cmplete ) f their jurney.
第4组：括号内给名词填写复数类
所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有ne f, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。
11.（2025全国二卷）The sun-dried clthes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks t the absence f smg and plenty f blue sky ___________ (afternn) with lts f fresh air.
12.（2024新课标II卷）Althugh they culd never have met, there are cmmn ___________ (theme)in their wrks, said Paul Edmndsn, head f research fr the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.
13. (2021新课标I卷)The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we ________ (human) are.
第5组：括号内给名词填写所有格类
14.（2025浙江 1月卷）“I really want t make this wrk fr ___________ (peple) lives tday, and I knw that desn’t always mean returning a dress n the Mnday after a special weekend,” she says.
15. (2021•浙江1月卷)It is calculated by dividing a ___________ (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI f between 19 and 25 is cnsidered healthy.
第6组：括号内给名词转化为形容词、动词类
16. (2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement f the pieces, and the energy flw fllwing each mve inspired artists t create il paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints fr the exhibitin.
17. (2018全国I卷)T avid knee pain, yu can run n sft surfaces, d exercises t ___________ (strength) yur leg muscles (肌肉), avid hills and get gd running shes.
第7组：括号内给形容词填写副词类
当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。
18. （2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement f the pieces, and the energy flw fllwing each mve inspired artists t create il paintings, sculptures, ___________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints fr the exhibitin.
19.（2023新课标II卷）S, what are they learning? ___________ (basic), hw t describe a panda’s life.
第8组：括号内给形容词填写比较等级类
当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。
20.（2025北京卷）When was the last time yu tk n a tugh chice? Maybe this mrning yu debated whether t get up r stay in bed slightly _________ (lng).
21.（2021新课标I卷）The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets, the _________ (ht) the spring! Strange, isn’t it?
22.（2022全国甲卷）Yellwstne was the _________ ( large) United States natinal park - 2.2 millin acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in suthern Alaska, which became a natinal mnument in 1978, tk the hnrs as a natinal park in 1980 with 12.3 millin acres.
第9组：括号内给形容词转换为名词、反义词类
23.（2025全国二卷）The sun-dried clthes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks t the ___________ (absent) f smg and plenty f blue sky afternnswith lts f fresh air.
24.（2024新课标II卷）Thse cultural elements have increased Stratfrd’s internatinal ___________ (visible), said Edmndsn, adding that visitrs walking thrugh the Birthplace Garden were ften amazed t find the cnnectin between the tw great writers.
第10组：括号内给代词填写宾格、形容词物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词类
所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。
25. （2024全国甲卷）This area, with ____________ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved fr all peple f the natin t enjy - as a natinal park.
26.（2022北京卷）Since peple can’t always eat ut r ck fr ____________ (they), they get takeut r rder delivery.
27.（2021新课标I卷）As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in ____________ (I). While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is a must t
第11组：无提示词填写冠词类
若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。
28.（2025年浙江 1月卷）The price f fashin – ecnmically and envirnmentally – has led t the rise f ____________ new way f dressing, and it’s beginning t take ff in Australia, t.
29.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse walks visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr ____________first time.
第12组：无提示词填写介词类
当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。
30. (2025浙江1月卷)Custmers tday lk past the fact that smething is secndhand and fcus instead ____________ the fact that they have smething unique t wear and are nt verstuffing their wn wardrbes (衣柜) r cntributing t landfill.
31. (2025北京卷)These effrts help us travel mre respnsibly. After all, explring the wrld shuldn’t cme ____________the planet’s expense.
第13组：无提示词填写代词类
当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。
32. (2024天津3月卷)I really want t g t a place fr the summer vacatin, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture.
33. (2018浙江卷)Many westerners wh cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap ________ can be t eat ut.
第14组：无提示词填写并列连词类
当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，r等。
34. (2025浙江1月卷) Custmers tday lk past the fact that smething is secndhand and fcus instead n the fact that they have smething unique t wear ___________ are nt verstuffing their wn wardrbes (衣柜) r cntributing t landfill.
35.（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual cntrast (反差) that shuldn’t wrk, ___________ smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin.
36. (2020新高考全国卷)They kept their cllectin at hme until it gt t big ___________ until they died, and then it was given t a museum.
第15组：无提示词填写定语从句连接词类
设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。
37.（2025北京卷）Hwever, accrding t a reprt by the Wrld Wildlife Fund, turists left ver 1.3 billin tns f fd waste last year, ___________accunted fr abut 8% f the ttal glbal gas release in 2024.
38.（2025全国二卷）Yet nw, I live in the cuntryside f Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ___________bamb and tea bushes (灌木) grw wild in the muntains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating desn’t exist.
39.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, _________Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”.
第16组：无提示词填写名词性从句连接词类
设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。
40.（2025北京卷）The truth, thugh, is ___________ culd be guessed — there’s never anyne else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet frest.
41.（2024新课标I卷） On a cl, starry night in mid-September 1870, fur men relaxed befre a campfire alng the Firehle River in ___________ is nw nrthwestern Wyming.
第17组：无提示词填写状语从句连接词类
设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。
42.（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pinted dwn the river.
43.（2018年全国I卷）While running regularly can’t make yu live frever, the review says it is mre effective at lengthening life ___________ walking, cycling r swimming.
第18组：无提示词综合训练类
44.（2024年浙江 1月卷）Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets have started selling chicken r salad in packs designed with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份). Then, when yu use ne sectin, ____________ ther stays fresh.
45.（2022全国甲卷）Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute. He flew 4, 700 kilmeters ___________ Xi’an t Kashgar n seat 20, planning t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
第19组：有提示词综合训练类
46.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken r salad in packs designed with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份).
47.（2021新课标II卷）I kept ging. Whenever I heard f businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One f the biggest cmpanies I wrte t _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
第20组：综合训练类
48.（2024新课标I卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made f glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals pen n warm days _________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
49.（2025浙江1月卷）“I really want t make this wrk fr peple’s lives tday, and I knw that desn’t always mean _________ (return) a dress n the Mnday after a special weekend,” she says.
50.（2022新课标I卷）Giant pandas als serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China.
语法填空综合能力提升
一、单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I respect the president but I (agree) with his decisin.
2．S strng (be) the wind that we culd hardly mve frward.
3．Never befre I read an article that is s full f lies.
4．The cmedy was full f humur, which nt nly (amuse) the audience, but als built up their cnfidence in life.
5．Only when we realize the imprtance f helping each ther can we (devte) t building a harmnius sciety.
6．But it can certainly keep me (entertain) while I wait fr my wife t rescue me.
7．She had t chse between giving up her jb and (hire) a babysitter.
8． (measure) as lng as 200 meters, the bridge tk great effrts t build tw decades ag.
9．In additin, the hspital (attach) t the medical cllege nearby was destryed in the fld.
10．Well (prepare) fr the jb interview, he was cnfident he wuld be hired.
11．She decided that she wuld memrize where her classes were and then pretend the rest f the place didn’t exist.
12．It is an ccasin family members gather tgether and have a gd rest.
13．It’s lvely a day that we all want t g camping.
14．They were respnsible fr finding a peaceful (slve) t the cnflict.
15．It is (legal) t park yur car n the freeway.
16．The naughty by lked at his teacher (inncent) as if he had dne nthing wrng.
17． is likely that cmputers will take the place f mankind in the future.
18．Explaining t a friend hw t find his apartment, he said, “Cme up t the (five) flr and ring the drbell with yur finger.”
19．In my pinin, in truble, we shuld seek help frm thse we trust mst.
20． (cnsider) that he has just recvered frm an peratin, he did fairly well in the first game.
二、语法填空综合训练
（一）
（25-26高三上·陕西汉中·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Grwing up in San Francisc, Grace Yung ften went with her father t Chinatwn, where he bught ingredients fr traditinal Chinese meals. Nw, 66 years ld, 1 (knw) as an excellent ckbk authr, Ms. Yung 2 (mirrr) this rutine fr decades. Her lve fr cking started early; by 13, she was sitting in n cking classes. After cllege, 3 (mve) t New Yrk, she jined 4 bk-publishing cmpany. In her 30s, even thugh she had helped write ver 40 ckbks, she realized she didn’t have the skills t make the dishes frm her family’s culture. “Writing dwn my parents’ recipes,” she thught, “wuld be a 5 (value) gift fr my family and future generatins.”
In fact, 6 started as a cllectin f recipes turned int a persnal stry. Talking abut fd made her parents share stries f their past. “It was an amazing way 7 me t learn nt just family recipes, but als ur family histry,” she said. The release f The Wisdm f the Chinese Kitchen in 1999 shwed her great dedicatin t keeping Chinese cking traditins alive.
Ms. Yung has als supprted Chinatwn’s restaurants. Since early 2020, she has raised mney 8 (buy) meals frm these places, giving them t the needy. This year, instead f cking at hme, she celebrated Chinese New Year with a variety f dishes frm lcal Chinatwn 9 (restaurant). “If these restaurants dn’t survive,” she stressed, “the Chinese cking traditins in ur city are sure t 10 (appear).”
（二）
（25-26高三上·浙江杭州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
UChicag Medicine has taken a bld step in expanding cancer care by partnering with AdventHealth 11 (create) a natinal cancer netwrk, beginning in Kansas City. This strategic alliance blends academic research with cmmunity-based treatment, aiming t imprve access t 12 (advance) therapies fr patients wh previusly lacked ptins.
The initiative integrates cutting-edge diagnstics, MRI-guided radiatin therapy, and streamlined patient supprt int a single facility. The newly pened AdventHealth Cancer Institute 13 (see) strng public interest by last mnth, with patient 14 (attend) surpassing expectatins. It’s the integratin f resurces — frm academic research institutins and cmmunity hspitals alike — 15 empwers the netwrk t ffer access t ver 300 active clinical trials, bringing innvative treatments 16 (clse) t underserved cmmunities. A key milestne in the cllabratin is the acquisitin f imaging and prfiling technlgies, which allw 17 the creatin f persnalized treatment plans tailred t each patient’s unique bilgy. The partnership nt nly imprves patient utcmes but als reshapes 18 healthcare is delivered. It builds 19 ecsystem where academic excellence meets cmmunity engagement, ffering a 20 (prmise) blueprint fr future medical partnerships.
2020-2025年高考语法填空考点统计
年份
卷别
词数
有提示词型
无提示词型
谓语
非谓语
名词
形容词副词
代词
介词
冠词
数词
并列句
复合句
2025
全国一卷
244
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
全国二卷
229
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2024
新课标I卷
243
1
2
3
1

1
1


1
新课标Ⅱ卷
220
2
3
2


1


1
1
全国甲卷
223
2
1
2
1
1
1



2
2023
新课标I卷
203

4

2
1
1
1

1

新课标Ⅱ卷
211
1
1
2
2

1
1

1
1
全国甲卷
220
1
3
1
1

2

1

1
全国乙卷
201
2
3
1
1

1


1
1
2022
新课标I卷
229
2
2
1
1

1
1

1
1
新课标Ⅱ卷
225
2
2
1
2



1
1
1
全国甲卷
219
1
3
1
2

1
1


1
全国乙卷
222
1
3
1
1
1
1
1

1

2021
新课标I卷
200
1
1
1
3
1


1
1
1
新课标Ⅱ卷
220
1
2
1
2

1

1
1
1
全国甲卷
186
2
2
1
2

1
1

1

全国乙卷
204
1
2
2
1
1
1
1

1

2020
新课标I卷
189
3
1
2
0
1
1


1
1
全国I卷
210
3
1
1
2
1




2
全国Ⅱ卷
208
1
3
1
2
1
1
1



全国III卷
235
3
2
1
2

1



1
后缀
例词
-cy
efficient→efficiency效率 fluent→fluency流利
accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私
-dm
bre→bredm无聊free→freedm自由
wise→wisdm明智；智慧
-ce
abundant→abundance丰富；充裕distant→distance距离；远方
imprtant→imprtance重要性reluctant→reluctance不情愿；勉强
-th
wide→width宽度strng→strength力量
warm→warmth温暖true→truth真理
-ness
weak→weakness虚弱bitter→bitterness苦味；痛苦
aware→awareness意识lnely→lneliness孤独
-ty
cruel→cruelty残忍secure→security安全
respnsible→respnsibility责任hnest→hnesty诚实