新人教版7年级英语期末复习语法知识总结（讲解＋考点＋综合练习）：代 词

这是一份新人教版7年级英语期末复习语法知识总结（讲解＋考点＋综合练习）：代 词，共15页。试卷主要包含了代词概述，代词考点纵览等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、代词概述
1、代词的定义：代词是代替名词并起到名词作用的词。
2、代词的种类：
（1）人称代词：用来指代人或物的代词。它必须在人称、数（单、复数）上与被指代的名词保持一致。
（2）物主代词： 表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
（3）反身代词： 强调的是某人自己。如myself, yurself, himself, itself 等。
（4）指示代词： 表示“这个、那个、这些、那些”指向性的代词，主要有this，that，these，thse。
（5）疑问代词： wh, whm, whse, which, what等用于引出特殊疑问句的代词。
（6）不定代词： 不明确代替哪个具体名词的代词。如sme, any, all, bth, every, much, many 等。
（7）相互代词：只有each ther 和 ne anther两个，都表示“相互”的意思，
但两者有一定的区别。each ther 表示两者之间的相互，ne
anther表示三者或三者以上的相互。
3.代词的形式变化表
二、代词考点纵览
综合练习
( ) 1. The weather in Guangzhu is htter than ________ in Shenyang.
A. that B. it C. this D. ne
( ) 2. Mr. Green is ur English teacher. _____cmes frm the USA.
A. He B. She C. It D. They
( ) 3. My bike is brken. May I brrw________?
A. yu B. yurself C. yurs D. yur
( ) 4. Wuld yu like sme tea? Yes, just_________.
A. a few B. few C. a little D. little bit
( ) 5. Wuld yu like sme tea r cffee? _________. Thanks, I’ve had enugh.
A. Either B. Neither C. Sme D. Bth
( ) 6. I bught ___________ exercise bks with __________ mney.
A. a few, a few B. a few, a little C. a little, a few D. a little, a little
( ) 7. I made the cake by ____________. Help __________, Tm.
A. urselves, yurself B. myself, yurself C. myself, yu D. me, him
( ) 8. Enjy_____________, Mark and Mary.
A. yurselfB. myself C. yurselves D. themselves
( ) 9. _____________ huse is this? It’s mine.
A. WhatB. Wh C. Whse D. Whse
( ) 10. She is a student and ____________ name is Mary.
A. sheB. her C. hers D. his
( ) 11. She will g skating and I will d _________.
A. such B. same C. the same as D. the same
( ) 12. __________ is he? He is a bus driver.
A. WhB. Which C. That D. What
( ) 13. _____ hat is this? It’s __________.
A. Whse, meB. Wh, mine
C. Whm, his D. Whse, mine
( ) 14. The ppulatin f China is larger than __________ f Japan.
A. neB. it C. that D. thse
( ) 15. Lily is mre clever than _______ in his class.
A. anybdyB. anyne else C. else anyne D. smebdy else
( ) 16. _________ like music.
A. Bth f themB. Bth f they C. The bth girls D. Bth them
( ) 17. Culd yu give me sme ink? Srry, I have__________ in my bttle.
A. a fewB. few C. a little D. little
( ) 18. He has ___________ t tell us.
A. smething imprtant B. imprtant smething
C. anything useful D. useful nthing
( ) 19. Wuld yu like ___________ cffee? Yes, I’d like ______________.
A. any, anyB. sme, sme C. sme, any D. any, sme
( ) 20. _________ f the teachers are excellent in ur schl.
A. EveryB. Each C. Either D. All
( ) 21. Of the three freigners, ne is frm Lndn and ________ are frm the USA.
A. tw thersB. the ther tw C. anther tw D. the bth
( ) 22. Which wuld yu like, tea r cffee? I dn’t mind. _______ is OK.
A. EitherB. Neither C. Any D. Bth
( ) 23. Help __________ t sme chicken, bys and girls.
A. yuB. yurs C. yurself D. yurselves
( ) 24. ---What d yu usually have fr breakfast?
---_____ milk and ______ eggs.
A. Little, a littleB. A few, few C. A little, a few D. A few, a little
( ) 25. Wh taught ______ histry last year? Nbdy! He learned it _________.
A. him, himselfB. his, himself C. himself, himself D. his, him
( ) 26. There isn’t _______ paper here. Will yu g and get __________fr me?
A. any, anyB. any, sme C. much, many D. many, much
( ) 27. The farmer is busy because he has s _______ sheep t keep and s _________ wrk t d.
A. much, manyB. many, much C. many, a lt D. a lt, much
( ) 28. On _______ sides f the river. There’re many tall trees.
A. everyB. all C. bth D. each
( ) 29. Whse pht is this? It’s __________.
A. meB. mine C. my D. myself
( ) 30. Wh is playing the pian in the next rm?_______ is Li Ping’s brther.
A. ThisB. That C. It D. He
( ) 31. The ld man has tw sns, but __________ f them lives with him.
A. bthB. nne C. neither D. all
( ) 32. Yu have mre apples than I, but _____ are bigger than_________.
A. my, yurB. my, yurs
C. mine, yur D. mine, yurs
( ) 33. There is ________ meat at hme. Wuld yu please g and buy______?
A. sme, a littleB. a little, any C. little, sme D. little, any
( ) 34. My parents are wrkers. _______ bth wrk in the same factry.
A. ThemB. They C. He D. She
( ) 35. Can yu cme n Friday r Saturday? I’m afraid _______ day is pssible.
A. eitherB. same C. any D. neither
( ) 36. He can’t hear yu, because there is _____ nise here.
A. very muchB. t much C. much t D. s many
( ) 37. All f us were invited, but _______ f us came.
A. neitherB. nne C. bth D. any
( ) 38. There isn’t __________ water in the cup.
A. anyB. many C. sme D. few
( ) 39. We have _________ sugar. Really? Let’s g and buy sme.
A. fewB. a few C. little D. a little
( ) 40. There isn’t ____________ milk in the fridge. Yu’d better buy sme.
A. nB. any C. sme D. a few
( ) 41. Help_____ t sme meat, Mary.
A. themselvesB. urselves C. yurself D. Himself
( ) 42. Thugh they had cleaned the dr, there was still __________ water n it.
A. littleB. a little C. few D. a few
( ) 43. The ld man kept ne black dg and tw white__________.
A. neB. nes C. thse D. ne‘s
( ) 44. ______ f us has read the newspaper, s we knw nthing abut it.
A. SmeB. Bth C. Nne D. All
( ) 45. He is nt a kind-hearted man, and ________ peple can get n well with him.
A. fewB. a few C. little D. a little
( ) 46. I’m ld enugh t wash _______ clthes. Yu shuld wash ______, t.
A. my, yurB. mine, yurs C. my, yurs D. yur, my
( ) 47. It’s t ht. Give __________ a bttle f range.
A. mineB. he C. her D. ur
( ) 48. When shall we meet again next week? ___ day is OK.
A. EitherB. Neither C. Nne D. Any
( ) 49. Which f the tw bks will yu buy? I’ll buy _____, s I can give ne t Je.
A. eitherB. neither C. all D. bth
( ) 50. The girls are crying. ________ can’t find __________ mthers.
A. She, herB. They, them C. They, their D. They, her
答案
1-5 A A C C B 6-10 B B C C B 11-15 D D D C B 16-20 A D A B D
21-25 B A D C A 26-30 B B C B C 31-35 C D C B D 36-40 B B A C B 41-45 C B B C A 46-50 C C D D C
人称
数
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性
物主代词
反身代词
第一人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
myself
复数
we
us
ur
urs
urselves
第二人称
单数
yu
yu
yur
yurs
yurself
复数
yu
yu
yur
yurs
yurselves
第三人称
单数
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
知识点考点
考点对应典型例题剖析
考点一：
人称代词

考点1：主格用作主语和表语。
典型例题 1
____ is Sunday tday. _____ is a fine day.
A. Tday; ThisB. It; That C. It; It D. It; This
答案：C
典型例题 2
It was____ wh helped us a lt.
her B. hers C. she D. him
答案：C
典型例题 3
___ like sprts.
I B. Me C. Mine D. Us
答案：A
考点2：宾格用作宾语（用于动词和介词的后面），口语中也可用作表语。
典型例题 1
Please give_____ a pen.
A. I B. me C. mine D. myself
答案：B
典型例题 2
This present is fr________.
A. she B. hers C. her D. he
答案：C
典型例题 3
---Wh is there?
----It’s_____.
I B. me C. mine D. my
答案：B
考点3：人称代词的顺序：单数：你，她（他），我【yu, she/he and I】;复数：我们，你们，他们【we, yu, they】
典型例题 1
__________ are in the same schl.
A. She, yu and I B. Yu, she and I
C. I, yu and she D. Yu, I and she
答案：B
典型例题 2
These apples are fr_________.
A. Mary and me B. Mary and I
C. me and Mary D. I and Mary
答案：A
典型例题 3
_________ are all frm Beijing.
A. Yu, we and they B. We, yu and they
C. They, yu and we D. We, they and yu
答案：B
考点4：it的特殊用法：it除了指“事”或“物”以外，还常用于指时间、天气、距离、形式主语和形式宾语等。
典型例题1
__________ is a rainy day tday.
A. This B. It C. That D. These
答案：B
典型例题2
____ is abut ten minutes’ walk frm here.
A. It B. This C. That D. These
答案：A
典型例题3
I think ______imprtant t keep healthy.
A. it B. this C. that D. these
答案：A
考点二：
物主代词
考点1：形容词性物主代词起形容词作用，用来修饰名词，放在名词前，不可单独使用。
典型例题 1
____ schlbag is heavier than mine.
A. YuB. Yur C. Yurs D. Yurself
答案：B
典型例题 2
---Is this yur English bk? ---N, ______bk is ver there.
mine B. his C. my D. I
答案：C
典型例题 3
On my way hme, I saw a by lking fr____ mther.
A. he B. his C. her D. hers
答案：B
考点2：名词性的物主代词在句中起名词作用，可以单独使用，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。
典型例题1
Yur shes are white. _________ are black.
A. Mine B. My C. Me D. I
答案：A
典型例题2
This bk is mine and that bk is ______.
A. her B. hers C. she D. herself
答案：B
典型例题3
I like that blue shirt. Is it ______?
A. yu B. yur C. yurs D. yurself
答案：C
考点3：常用的含有物主代词的固定词组。
n ne’s way (t)…在某人去……的路上
f ne’s wn 某人自己的
d ne’s hmewrk 做（某人的）作业
t ne’s surprise/jy…令某人感到惊讶/高兴地是……
考点三：
反身代词
考点1：用作动词宾语或介词宾语。
典型例题 1
I taught _________ English.
A. me B. myself C. I D. mine
答案：B
典型例题 2
She ften says t________,“I believe I can!”
her B. herself C. hers D. him
答案：B
典型例题 3
Yu shuld take care f _____ when yur parents are ut.
A. yu B. yurself C. yur D. yurs
答案：B
考点2：用作同位语。
典型例题1
The teacher______ will visit Peter’s parents.
A. her B. herself C. she D. him
答案：B
典型例题2
The thing_______ is nt imprtant.
A. itself B. it C. its D. it’s
答案：A
典型例题3
Yu may g and ask the teacher__________.
A. himself B. him C. his D. her
答案：A
考点3：常用的含有反身代词的固定词组。
by neself 独自
help neself t… 随便吃……
make neself at hme 别拘束，像在自己家一样
enjy neself 玩得开心
hurt neself 弄伤自己
teach neself 自学
say t neself 自言自语
lk at neself in the mirrr 照镜子
考点四：
指示代词
表示“这个，那个，这些，那些”指向性的代词为指示代词，主要有：this, that, these, thse。其中this， these指在时间或空间上离说话人较近的人或物； that， thse指在时间或空间上离说话人较远的人或物。this和that指代的是单数名词， these和thse指代的是复数名词。
考点1：指示代词的一般用法：作主语或作定语（用于名词前）。
典型例题 1
_______ are apples in frnt f yu.
A. Thse B. These C. This D. That
答案：B
典型例题 2
Lk at ________desks. They are all new.
A. theseB. this C. that D. it
答案：A
典型例题3
Please pass me ____ tmates in that rm and I want t ck sme sup.
A. thseB. these C. this D. that
答案：A
注意：问句中有指示代词，在回答时，要用人称代词it代替this和that, they 代替these 和thse。
对比：
错误：What’s this n the desk? This is a ruler.
正确：What’s this n the desk? It’s a ruler.
考点2: 指示代词的特殊用法。
特殊用法1：电话用语中，This is…表示“我是……” Is that…?表示“你是……吗？”
典型例题 1
---Hell, may I speak t Tm?
---Hell,_____ is Tm speaking.
A. it B. thisC. that D. these
答案：B
典型例题 2
---Hell, is____ Tm speaking?
---Yes, this is Tm speaking.
this B. that C. it D. these
答案：B
典型例题 3
---Wh is speaking?
---This is Tm.
A. this B. that C. it D. these
答案：B
特殊用法2：that, thse常用来代替前面出现过的名词或名词词组，以免重复。
典型例题 1
The weather in winter in Shanghai is much warmer than_______ in Beijing.
A. that B. this C. it D. thse
答案：A
典型例题 2
The apples in that bx are bigger than_____ in this bx.
A. that B. thse C. these D. this
答案：B
典型例题 3
The flwers in his garden are mre beautiful than_______ in my garden.
A. thse B. these C. that D. its
答案：A
特殊用法3：this 用于代替下文中的一句话或情况；that用于代替上文中的一句话或情况。
典型例题 1
_______ is why I think English is imprtant t us.
A. It B. That C. This D. These
答案：B
典型例题 2
The wnderful sng ges like ____.
A. that B. this C. it D. its
答案：B
典型例题 3
It is very interesting. _____ is the reasn why I like it.
A. That B. This C. It D. Thse
答案：A
考点五：
疑问代词
考点1：疑问代词主要有 which(哪一个)， wh/whm(谁)， whse(谁的)， what(什么)，它们和一些疑问副词hw, when, where, why等用法类似，放在句首，后面跟一般疑问句，构成特殊疑问句。
典型例题 1
---__________ is the blackbard?
---It is a rectangle.
A. What B. What shape C. What clr D. What size
答案：B
典型例题 2
---__________ is this blue bag? ---It’s Mike’s.
A. Wh B. Whse C. What D. Which
答案：B
典型例题 3
---________d yu prefer, tea r cffee?---Tea, please.
A. What B. Hw C. Where D. Which
答案：D
考点六：
不定代词
不定代词是不明确代替哪个具体名词的代词。常用的不定代词有：ne, nes, bth, all, either, neither, ther, anther, nne, each, every, sme, any, many, much, (a)few, (a)little等。还有由sme-, any-, n-和every-合成的不定代词。
考点1：ne 和nes 的用法：
ne/nes 指人或物，可作主语、表语和宾语。
ne 用来替代前面的单数名词，nes用来替代前面的复数名词，以避免重复。
典型例题 1
______has ne’s wn right t chse.
A. One B. Ones C. It D. Its
答案：A
典型例题 2
I lst my ld camera; this is a new________.
A. nes B. ne C. it D. this
答案：B
典型例题 3
Red apples ften taste better than green ______.
A. ne B. nes C. its D. this
答案：B
考点2：either, neither, bth和all的用法
either 两者中的任何一个。
neither 两者都不。
bth 两者都。
all 三者或以上都。
典型例题 1
There are a lt f trees n ______ side f the street.
bth B. every C. either D. all
答案：C
典型例题 2
_____f his parents are teachers.
Either B. Bth C. Neither D. All
答案：B
典型例题 3
_______ f the students are happy n Children’s Day.
All B. Bth
C. Neither D. Either
答案：A
考点3：the ther, anther的用法：
the ther表示（两者中的）另一个。
anther 表示（多个中的）另一个。
典型例题 1
I have tw uncles. One is a pliceman and _______ is a dctr.
A. the ther B. anther C. thers D. the thers
答案：A
典型例题 2
Here are three apples. One is red, ______ is green and the third is yellw.
A. the ther B. anther C. thers D. the thers
答案：B
典型例题 3
I have three friends. Tw f them are frm China and _____ is frm England.
A. the ther B. anther C. thers D. the thers
答案：A
考点4：thers和the thers的用法：
thers表示别的，另一些（人或物），不包括所有其余的。
the thers表示所有其余的。
典型例题1
After class, sme students are talking with each ther, and_______ are playing games.
A. the ther B. the thers C. thers D. anther
答案：C
典型例题2
I have gt ten pencils. Tw f them are red and _______ are blue.
A. the thers B. the ther C. thers D. anther
答案：A
典型例题3
She has six sns. One is mre intelligent than_______.
A. ther B. the ther C. thers D. the thers
答案：D
考点5：sme和any的用法:
sme表示一些，一般用于肯定句中。
any 表示一些，用于否定句和一般疑问句中。
典型例题1
There are ______ apples in the bx.
A. sme B. any C. little D. a little
答案：A
典型例题2
D yu have _____ water here?
A. sme B. any C. few D. many
答案：B
典型例题3
I dn’t have ____ bananas.
A. sme B. any C. little D. much
答案：B
注意：
1.疑问句一般不用sme，只有当表示邀请或期待对方做出肯定回答时才能用sme。
例如：Wuld yu like sme cffee?你想要来点咖啡吗？
2.sme修饰可数名词单数时，不是“一些”的含义，而是“某个”。
例如：He’s waiting fr sme friend.他在等某个朋友。
3.any 用于肯定句，后面修饰可数名词单数时，表示“任一”。
例如：The teacher likes any student in her class. 这个老师喜欢他班里的每一个学生。
考点6：（a）few和(a)little的用法:
few, little:几乎没有（否定语气）
a few, a little: 一些，少数（肯定语气）
few, a few指可数的事物，只能与可数名词复数搭配
little, a little指不可数事物，只能与不可数名词搭配
典型例题1
Let’s buy sme milk. There is _____ in the fridge.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
答案：C
典型例题2
He has _______ friends. He ften plays with them.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
答案：B
典型例题3
He has_______ friends. He is always alne.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
答案：A
考点7：many 和much 的用法：
many表示许多，指可数的事物，只能与可数名词复数搭配；
much表示许多，指不可数的事物，只能与不可数名词搭配。
典型例题1
Wuld yu like t have a lk at my stamps? I have ____.
A. much B. many C. little D. a little
答案：B
典型例题2
He desn’t knw ___ abut this cmpany.
A. much B. many C. little D. a little
答案：A
典型例题3
Here are s_____ ranges. May I have______?
A. much, sme B. many, few C. many, sme D. few, sme
答案：C
考点8：sme-, any-, every-和n-可以分别和-thing, -bdy, -ne构成合成不定代词，下面以-thing为例：smething表示某事，用于肯定句；
anything 表示某事，用于否定句和一般疑问句；表示任何事时，可用于肯定句；everything表示一切事；nthing表示没什么。
典型例题1
I have _____ t tell yu.
A. smething B. anything C. everything D. any
答案：A
典型例题2
D yu have_____ t say?
A. smething B. anything C. everything D. sme
答案：B
典型例题3
_______ is OK with me.
A. Smething B. Anything C. Everything D. Sme
答案：C
注意：修饰合成不定代词的定语要放在它们后面。
Smething terrible happened during ur trip t that muntain.