2024-2025学年四川省南充市八年级（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2024-2025学年四川省南充市八年级（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读六选五，完形填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读-完成表格，阅读填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Have yu heard f "April Snw"？It's nt real snw—it's catkins （飞絮）!They mainly cme frm willws and pplar trees.They fly in the air like tiny cluds，creating "April Snw".Althugh they lk sft，they may make peple's nses，eyes and even skin uncmfrtable.（1）______
Changing Tree Type
One way is t cut branches （树枝） frm female trees，which prduce （产生） catkins，and take the place f them with male branches.（2）______Hwever，this takes time and mney.A wrker can nly wrk n fewer than 10 trees a day.In Beijing，nly abut 1，000 trees were treated this way during 10 years.
Special Injectins （注射）
In Wuxi，experts use special injectins （like shts fr trees） t stp trees frm prducing catkins.（3）______ This makes trees grw better but needs t be dne every year.
Spraying （喷洒） Medicine
Besides injectins，spraying medicine n trees befre catkins appear is anther slutin.It can wrk fast.（4）______Because t much medicine can be bad fr the envirnment.
（5）______Changing tree type is natural but slw；Injectins are safe fr trees but nt lasting；Spraying medicine is quick but risky.Hwever，scientists are wrking hard t balance （平衡） the nature and human health!
A.This makes catkins becme less because male trees dn't prduce them.
B.Fr example，strng wind helps wash catkins away naturally.
C.Althugh it wrks well，it must be used carefully.
D.T ur jy，scientists have fund sme ways t cntrl them.
E.Each way is helpful，but still has prblems.
F.After the injectin，trees can grw taller and greener.
1.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. F
2.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. F
3.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. F
4.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. F
5.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. F
二、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共30分。
A dg called Changma frm Hebei Prvince has becme famus nline.Peple call him the "Chinese Dg King".(6)？He can make angry dgs calm dwn （冷静） by simply tuching!In the vides，he just walks past，and all the ther dgs arund him suddenly lie dwn，acting very(7)and fearing t lk at him in the eye.These vides are really ppular n apps like TikTk.Sme peple say he is ne f the mst handsme dgs they have ever(8).
Changma is a Xiasi Dg，a kind f hunting dg frm Guizhu.Xiasi Dgs have white fur （毛）.In Chinese culture，peple regard white dragns as great and pwerful，(9)peple nce called them "White Dragn Dgs".As they grw up，Xiasi Dgs becme excellent hunters.They can find snakes，and help catch bears in the frest!When wild pigs eat farmers' crps，Xiasi Dgs help t drive them away.Peple are satisfied with their perfrmance.
Tday，Changma shws the wrld hw wnderful Chinese dgs are.He may lk cmmn，but he has great(10).He is a true star!
6.A. WhyB. WhereC. WhenD. What
7.A. excitedB. tiredC. relaxedD. scared
8.A. raisedB. heardC. seenD. wned
9.A. becauseB. butC. althughD. s
10.A. feelingsB. skillsC. challengesD. changes
Every day，a little by walks up the hill with his father.One day，the by said， "Dad，let's have a(11) tday!The ne wh reaches the tp first wins." His father smiled and(12).Then，they started running.
Sn，the father suddenly stpped. "Are yu tired，Dad？" the by asked. "N.There are sme stnes in my shes.I need t take them ut." the father answered.The by said he had stnes in his shes t，but he decided t take them ut(13) reaching the tp f the hill.He quickly ran ahead while his father stpped t(14) the stnes.
Later，the by began t feel a lt f pain （疼） in his feet and had t slw dwn.His father caught up and asked. "Why dn't yu get stnes ut f yur shes(15)？" "I dn't have enugh time fr that." said the by.Befre lng，the father passed the by.The by culdn't even walk because f the pain.He stpped there and cried fr help.The father(16)，tk ff the by's shes and fund that his feet were(17) injured.He carried him hme quickly and gave care t his injuries （伤口）.
"I tld yu t clear the stnes at first，" the father said. "I thught if I stpped，I wuldn't win the game." the by said. "We shuldn't(18) prblems when they cme in ur life，just because we dn't have time.That may make things much(19)，" the father said， "It wuld have taken yu just ne(20) t clear thse stnes，but nw，yu'll have t stand the pain fr ne week as a result." "Dad，I understand.Next time I'll slve the prblem befre it's t late." the by said.
11.A. cnversatinB. decisinC. cmpetitinD. discussin
12.A. agreedB. refusedC. nticedD. argued
13.A. befreB. afterC. whileD. until
14.A. addB. clearC. cuntD. cllect
15.A. nextB. firstC. thenD. finally
16.A. cntinuedB. restedC. leftD. returned
17.A. strnglyB. badlyC. suddenlyD. slwly
18.A. give upB. take utC. put ffD. lk ver
19.A. easierB. betterC. wrseD. crazier
20.A. minuteB. hurC. dayD. week
三、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
A
There were many schls in ancient China.Tday let's see the fur famus ancient academies （书院） f China.
21.Wh built Yingtianfu Academy？ ______
A. Fan Zhngyan.B. Sng Renzng.C. Yang Que.D. Zhu Xi.
22.When was Yuelu Academy built？ ______
A. In 1043.B. In 976C. In 1035.D. In 940
23.Which tw are lcated in the same prvince？ ______
A. Yingtianfu Academy and Sngyang Academy.
B. Bailudng Academy and Yuelu Academy.
C. Yingtianfu Academy and Bailudng Academy.
D. Sngyang Academy and Yuelu Academy.
24.Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE abut Bailudng Academy？ ______
A. It was built by Zhu Xi in 940
B. It has a histry f ver 1，500 years.
C. Its rules influenced schls in many cuntries.
D. It was the highest academy in the Nrth Wei Dynasty.
25.In which part f the newspaper might we read the passage？ ______
A. Tur.B. Culture.C. Sprts.D. Health.
B
Hi!I'm the Beijing-Zhangjiaku railway.I've felt happy recently because a new high-speed railway nw links （连接） the tw cities.D yu want t knw my stry？
I was brn in 1909.The ne wh made me was Zhan Tianyu.He was a brave and smart man.He believed China shuld build its wn railways withut ther cuntries' help.S he built me，China's first self-built railway.This was an imprtant success at the time，as it shwed China's ability in engineering and technlgy.
At first，my trains used steam （蒸汽）.They were very slw.Their tp speed was nly 35 km/h.Then，the trains started t use diesel （柴油）.Later，there were even better trains which used electricity （电）.But it still tk mre than three hurs t travel frm Beijing t Zhangjiaku.The jurney was lng and tiring fr passengers.
In 2020，the new high-speed railway pened n December 30.I was s excited.It helped peple travel much faster.The high-speed trains had a tp speed f 350 km/h!It nly tk 47 minutes t travel frm Beijing t Zhangjiaku.This was a surprising imprvement，which cut travel time by ver 80%.The advanced safety systems，cmfrtable seats，and free Wi-Fi make the jurney enjyable fr all passengers.
During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics，Beijing and Zhangjiaku，the tw hst cities f the event，welcmed lts f peple frm arund the wrld.The railway played an imprtant rle in transprting.
I'm a little sad that I'm t ld t keep wrking these days，but peple will keep me as part f histry.I'm als prud f all the changes China has made.Zhan Tianyu must be happy and prud t.
26.Which type f trains were used n the Beijing-Zhangjiaku railway after steam trains？ ______
A. Electric trains.B. Diesel trains.
C. High-speed trains.D. Steam and diesel trains.
27.Why was the ld Beijing-Zhangjiaku railway an imprtant success？ ______
A. It was the lngest railway in China.
B. It was China's first self-built railway.
C. It had the fastest trains at that time.
D. It used the best technlgy.
28.Which fllwing has the same meaning as the underlined wrd "cut" in Paragraph 4？ ______
A. She cut her finger n a piece f glass.
B. Yu've had yur hair cut，and it lks great.
C. Please cut the tmates in half.
D. Buyers try t cut the cst f the huse they want.
29.Hw des the railway feel abut its rle tday？ ______
A. Angry abut stpping wrking.B. Prud t still carry passengers.
C. Happy t be part f histry.D. Sad because it is slw.
30.What is the main purpse f the passage？ ______
A. T intrduce the histry f the Beijing-Zhangjiaku railway.
B. T explain the technlgy used in building railways.
C. T describe the new high-speed railway.
D. T cmpare different types f trains.
C
D yu speak a dialect （方言） in daily life？While many Chinese peple speak Mandarin （普通话），sme lcal dialects are in danger f disappearing.T save them，the Chinese gvernment started the Chinese Language Resurces Prtectin Prject （中国语言资源保护工程） a few years ag.
This prject lks at hw peple talk in 1，712 places，including 103 dialects that are almst gne.It has helped China t build the wrld's largest language resurce library.There's an nline library where peple can learn dialects frm ver 5.6 millin audi clips （音频） and ver 5 millin vides.
Why is prtecting the dialect culture imprtant？Accrding t British linguist Harld Palmer，dialects are a key t stre lcal cultures. "Language truly shws the histry and the beliefs f an area." he said.
Schlar Zhang Hngming shared his wrries abut the disappearing f dialects. "Fr abut ver 10 years，in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhu，children aged 6 t 15 can understand but hardly speak it.What's mre，yung peple ver 15 years ld smetimes speak it，but nt very well.If this keeps happening，the dialect might disappear." he said.
S hw did China build this big library？ "A big natinal effrt （努力） has been put int the prject t make it happen." said Ca Zhiyun，the tp expert n the prject.Over five years，mre than 350 universities and research grups jined in，alng with ver 4，500 experts and mre than 6，000 dialect speakers.
The prject is nw entering int its secnd part.This includes creating digital （数字化的） tls like apps and mbile dictinaries t help peple learn dialects.
31.What's the Chinese Language Resurces Prtectin mainly abut？ ______
A. Teaching peple hw t speak Mandarin.
B. Prtecting lcal dialects.
C. Helping peple learn freign languages.
D. Building mre universities.
32.Why are dialects imprtant accrding t Harld Palmer in paragraph 3？ ______
A. Because they are easy t learn.
B. Because they can be used in daily life.
C. Because they stre lcal cultures.
D. Because they are a symbl f a cuntry.
33.What des the underlined wrd "it" in paragraph 5 refer t？ ______
A. Building the big library.
B. Jining in universities and research grups.
C. Putting int a natinal effrt.
D. Getting help frm the tp expert.
34.What des the secnd part f the prject mainly fcus n？ ______
A. Cllecting mre dialects.
B. Building mre nline libraries.
C. Teaching peple hw t speak Mandarin.
D. Creating digital tls t help peple learn dialects.
35.What is the best title fr the passage？ ______
A. A Language Cmpetitin
B. Digital Tls in Language Learning
C. China's Effrts n Saving Dialects
D. China's New Technlgy t Recrd Dialects
四、任务型阅读-完成表格：本大题共1小题，共10分。
36.Lng lng ag，the sky brke int pieces and fell dwn.Fires burned the frests，and huge flds cvered the fields.Peple lst their hmes and had t hide in caves（洞穴）.Gddess Nuwa decided t fix the sky and save the wrld.
Nuwa traveled far t cllect enugh five-clred stnes.Then she built a big fire n a high muntain t melt（融化）them fr nine days and nights.At the same time，Nuwa used a magic swrd t kill a black dragn that had caused flds in villages.She als tk fur legs frm a giant turtle t hld the fur crners f the sky.
When the five-clred stnes turned int ht，clrful liquid（液体）in the pt，Nuwa carried it and flew t the sky.The wind blew strngly，trying t push her back；the cld air made her shake and the burning liquid hurt her hands.But Nuwa kept wrking，putting the liquid n the brken parts bit by bit.With all her strength，she filled the last hle.Then the sky became blue again.
The flds stpped，and the fires went ut.Peple cheered and said thanks t Nuwa.Peple als learned a lessn：when life feels brken like the sky，think f Nuwa.Face challenges bravely and keep trying，even big prblems can be wrked ut.
(1) ______
(2) ______
(3) ______
(4) ______
(5) ______
五、阅读填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
37.Xia Liang is a 10-year-ld by frm Chiling Village.Peple in this village are gd (1) swimming.He used t be a naughty kid wh ften made wild (2) （decide）.Amng all the crazy things he has dne，the (3) （wild） ne was when he tk a green plastic （塑料的） bat alne t the sea.He prepared a hmemade fishing rd （鱼竿） (4) （he），hping t catch a huge fish t surprise his parents.Hwever，he fell asleep and gt lst at sea，staying there fr a whle night.While he (5) （miss） n the sea，the villagers were lking fr him everywhere.
(6) （luck），fishermen fund him the next day.He had already flated （漂浮） frm Chiling t Sanya，30 kilmeters away.T everyne's surprise，Xia Liang wasn't afraid at all—he stayed calm even when he was lst.He desn't seem (7) （realize） the danger f this matter.
After returning hme safely，smething (8) （amaze） happened：he became a "village her".His green bat even turned int (9) ppular place fr turists，and peple started calling him "Brther Liang".The villagers were wrried abut him befre， (10) nw they speak highly f his brave spirit.
If yu were in a similar situatin，wuld yu put safety first r take a risk like Liang？
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
38.假如你是Fu Xing，好友Peter发来求助邮件。请根据下面邮件内容回信，内容包括：
（1）表示理解；
（2）给出建议及理由；
（3）表达希望。
要求：
（1）字数100左右；
（2）要点齐全，行文连贯；
（3）文中不得出真实人名、校名或地名。
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】D、A、F、C、E
【解析】（ 1）细节推理题。根据上文"Althugh they lk sft，they may make peple's nses，eyes and even skin uncmfrtable."（虽然它们看起来很柔软，但可能会让人的鼻子、眼睛甚至皮肤感到不适。）提到飞絮会让人身体不适，以及后文介绍了多种控制飞絮的方法，可知此处是引出控制飞絮的方法，选项D"令我们高兴的是，科学家们已经找到了一些控制它们的方法"符合语境。故选D。
（ 2）细节推理题。根据上文 "take the place f them with male branches"（用雄性树枝替换它们），可知此处应说明这样做的原因或结果。结合选项可知，A项 "这会使飞絮减少，因为雄性树木不产生飞絮" 符合语境。故选A。
（ 3）细节推理题。根据上文 "use special injectins t stp trees frm prducing catkins"（使用特殊注射剂阻止树木产生飞絮）以及下文 "This makes trees grw better"（这使树木生长得更好），可知此处应与注射后的效果相关。结合选项可知，F "注射后，树木可以长得更高更绿" 符合语境。故选F。
（ 4）细节推理题。根据下文 "Because t much medicine can be bad fr the envirnment"（因为过多的药物可能对环境有害），可知此处应说明使用药物需要注意的问题。结合选项可知，C项 "虽然它效果很好，但必须谨慎使用" 符合语境。故选C。
（ 5）细节推理题。根据下文 "Changing tree type is natural but slw；Injectins are safe fr trees but nt lasting；Spraying medicine is quick but risky"（更换树种自然但缓慢；注射对树木安全但不持久；喷洒药物快速但有风险），可知此处是对前面几种方法的总结，指出各有优缺点。结合选项可知，E项 "每种方法都有帮助，但仍然存在问题" 符合语境。故选E。
本文主要介绍了飞絮（"四月雪"）的来源、危害以及科学家们找到的几种控制飞絮的方法及其各自的优缺点。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
6~10.【答案】A、D、C、D、B
【解析】（ 1）考查疑问词。句意：为什么呢？Why为什么；Where在哪里；When什么时候；What什么。根据文章中"He can make angry dgs calm dwn by simply tuching!"（他只需轻轻一碰，就能让愤怒的狗平静下来！）可知，这里是在解释长毛被称为"中国狗王"的原因，所以用"Why"来提问，故选A。
（ 2）考查形容词。句意：在视频中，它只是走过，周围所有其他的狗突然躺下，表现得非常害怕，不敢与它对视。excited兴奋的；tired疲惫的；relaxed放松的；scared害怕的。根据文章中"fearing t lk at him in the eye"（害怕直视他的眼睛）可知，其他狗不敢和长毛对视，说明它们很"害怕"，故选D。
（ 3）考查动词。句意：有人说它是他们见过的最帅的狗之一。raised饲养；heard听到；seen看见；wned拥有。"ne f the mst handsme dgs"（最帅气的狗狗之一）是视觉上的评价，所以是"见过的"，故选C。
（ 4）考查连词。句意：在中国文化中，人们认为白龙是伟大而强大的，所以人们曾经称它们为"白龙犬"。because因为；but但是；althugh尽管；s所以。"peple regard white dragns as great and pwerful"（人们认为白龙是极其强大且威猛的）是"peple nce called them 'White Dragn Dgs'"（人们曾经称它们为"白龙犬"）的原因，用"s"表示结果，故选D。
（ 5）考查名词。句意：它可能看起来很普通，但它有很棒的技能。feelings感受；skills技能；challenges挑战；changes变化。根据文章中"He can make angry dgs calm dwn by simply tuching!"（他只需轻轻一碰，就能让愤怒的狗平静下来！）以及下司犬作为猎犬的能力可知，长毛有很棒的"技能"，故选B。
本文讲述了来自河北的一只叫长毛的狗在网上走红，被人们称为"中国狗王"的故事。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
11~20.【答案】C、A、B、B、B、D、B、C、C、A
【解析】（ 1）考查名词。句意：爸爸，我们今天来一场比赛吧！先到山顶的人赢。cnversatin对话；decisin决定；cmpetitin比赛；discussin。根据"The ne wh reaches the tp first wins.（最先到达顶端的一方获胜。）"可知，男孩提议进行一场比赛，故选C。
（ 2）考查动词。句意：他爸爸笑了笑，同意了。agreed同意；refused拒绝；nticed注意到；argued争论。根据"Then，they started running.（然后，他们开始奔跑。）"可知，爸爸同意了比赛，故选A。
（ 3）考查连词。句意：男孩说他的鞋里也有石头，但他决定到达山顶后再把它们取出来。befre在……之前；after在……之后；while当……时；until直到。根据"I thught if I stpped，I wuldn't win the game.（我想，如果我停下来的话，就无法赢得这场比赛了。）"可知，男孩想先到山顶，之后再处理石头，故选B。
（ 4）考查动词。句意：当爸爸停下来清理石头时，他迅速跑在了前面。add增加；clear清理；cunt数数；cllect收集。根据"There are sme stnes in my shes.I need t take them ut.（我的鞋子里有一些石头。我得把它们拿出来。）"可知，爸爸是停下来清理石头，故选B。
（ 5）考查副词。句意：你为什么不先把鞋里的石头弄出来呢？next接下来；first首先；then然后；finally最后。根据"I tld yu t clear the stnes at first（我告诉过你要先把那些石头清理掉）"可知，爸爸问男孩为什么不一开始就清理石头，故选B。
（ 6）考查动词。句意：爸爸回来了，脱下男孩的鞋，发现他的脚伤得很严重。cntinued继续；rested休息；left离开；returned返回。根据"He stpped there and cried fr help.（他就在那里停了下来，并大声呼救。）"可知，男孩呼救，爸爸听到后返回，故选D。
（ 7）考查副词。句意：爸爸回来了，脱下男孩的鞋，发现他的脚伤得很严重。strngly强烈地；badly严重地；suddenly突然；slwly慢慢地。根据"He carried him hme quickly and gave care t his injuries（他迅速把他送回了家，并悉心照料他的伤势）"可知，男孩的脚伤得很重，故选B。
（ 8）考查动词短语。句意：生活中出现问题时，我们不应该因为没有时间就推迟解决它们。give up放弃；take ut取出；put ff推迟；lk ver检查。结合语境，男孩因为想赢比赛而推迟处理鞋里的石头，爸爸借此告诫他不要推迟解决问题，故选C。
（ 9）考查形容词比较级。句意：那样可能会让事情变得更糟。easier更容易；better更好；wrse更糟；crazier更疯狂。根据男孩因推迟处理石头而导致脚严重受伤可知，推迟解决问题会让事情更糟，故选C。
（ 10）考查名词。句意：清理那些石头本来只需要你一分钟，但结果呢，你得忍受一个星期的疼痛。minute分钟；hur小时；day天；week周。根据"but nw，yu'll have t stand the pain fr ne week as a result（但现在，你将不得不忍受这种疼痛一周之久）"可知，清理石头的时间很短，与后面的一周形成对比，故选A。
本文主要讲述了一个男孩因想赢得与父亲的登山比赛而推迟清理鞋里的石头，最终导致脚严重受伤，父亲借此教导他遇到问题不应拖延的故事。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
21~25.【答案】C、B、A、C、B
【解析】（ 1）细节理解题。根据表格第一栏"Yingtianfu Academy in Shangqiu，Henan was built by Yang Que"（河南商丘的应天府书院是由杨愈所建的）可知，应天府书院是杨愈建造的。故选C。
（ 2）细节理解题。根据表格第二栏"Yuelu Academy，lcated at the ft f Yuelu Muntain in Changsha，Hunan，was funded in 976 A.D."（岳麓书院位于湖南长沙的岳麓山下，始建于公元976年。）可知，岳麓书院建于公元976年。故选B。
（ 3）细节理解题。根据表格第一栏"Yingtianfu Academy in Shangqiu，Henan"（河南商丘的应天府书院）和表格第三栏"Sngyang Academy，at the ft f Sngshan Muntain in Henan"（河南嵩山脚下的嵩阳书院）可知，应天府书院和嵩阳书院都在河南省。故选A。
（ 4）细节理解题。根据表格第四栏"Its rules influenced schls fr centuries and spread t ther cuntries"（它的规则影响了几个世纪，并传播到其他国家。）可知，白鹿洞书院的学规不仅影响了后世学校，还传播到其他国家。故选C。
（ 5）推理判断题。本文介绍的是中国文化中具有历史意义的四大书院，属于文化类内容。故选B。
本文介绍了中国古代四大书院：应天府书院、岳麓书院、嵩阳书院和白鹿洞书院的建院时间、地点、历史及影响。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
26~30.【答案】B、B、D、C、A
【解析】（ 1）细节理解题。根据第三段" At first，my trains used steam （蒸汽）."（起初，我的火车使用蒸汽。）和"Then，the trains started t use diesel （柴油）."（然后，火车开始使用柴油。）可知，蒸汽火车后用柴油火车。故选B。
（ 2）细节理解题。根据第二段"S he built me，China's first self-built railway.This was an imprtant success at the time，as it shwed China's ability in engineering and technlgy."（于是他建了我，中国第一条自建铁路。这在当时是一个重要的成功，因为它显示了中国在工程和技术方面的能力。）可知，因是中国首条自建铁路，所以是重要成功。故选B。
（ 3）词义猜测题。根据第四段"This was a surprising imprvement，which cut travel time by ver 80%."（这是一个令人惊讶的改进，将旅行时间 了80%以上。）可知，"cut"在此处意为"削减、减少"。D选项"Buyers try t cut the cst f the huse they want.（买家试图削减想要房子的成本）" 中"cut"是"削减"之意，与原文语境一致。故选D。
（ 4）细节理解题。根据最后一段"I'm a little sad that I'm t ld t keep wrking these days，but peple will keep me as part f histry.I'm als prud f all the changes China has made."（我有点难过，这些天我太老了，不能继续工作，但人们会把我作为历史的一部分。我也为中国所发生的变化感到骄傲。）可知，铁路对成为历史一部分感到欣慰。故选C。
（ 5）主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段"Hi!I'm the Beijing-Zhangjiaku railway.I've felt happy recently because a new high-speed railway nw links （连接） the tw cities.D yu want t knw my stry？"（嗨！我是京张铁路。最近我感到很高兴，因为一条新的高速铁路现在连接了这两个城市。你想知道我的故事吗？）可知，文章以京张铁路自述，介绍其从修建到发展的历史，目的是介绍京张铁路的历史。故选A。
本文以京张铁路的视角，讲述其历史（詹天佑主持修建，为中国首条自建铁路）、列车发展（蒸汽→柴油→电力→高铁），以及在冬奥会的作用，和如今作为历史一部分的感慨。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
31~35.【答案】B、C、A、D、C
【解析】（ 1）细节理解题。根据第一段While many Chinese peple speak Mandarin，sme lcal dialects are in danger f disappearing.T save them，the Chinese gvernment started the Chinese Language Resurces Prtectin Prject a few years ag.（虽然许多中国人说普通话，但一些地方方言有消失的危险。为了拯救它们，中国政府几年前启动了中国语言资源保护项目。）可知，中国语言资源保护工程主要是为了保护地方方言。故选B。
（ 2）细节理解题。根据第三段Accrding t British linguist Harld Palmer，dialects are a key t stre lcal cultures.（根据英国语言学家哈罗德•帕尔默的说法，方言是保存地方文化的关键。）可知，哈罗德•帕尔默认为方言重要是因为它们储存着地方文化。故选C。
（ 3）代词指代题。根据第五段S hw did China build this big library？ "A big natinal effrt （努力） has been put int the prject t make it happen." （中国是如何建立这座大型图书馆的？"为了实现这一目标，国家投入了巨大的努力。"）可知，这里的"it"指代的是前文提到的"build this big library"（建设这个大图书馆）。故选A。
（ 4）推理判断题。根据最后一段The prject is nw entering int its secnd part.This includes creating digital tls like apps and mbile dictinaries t help peple learn dialects.（该项目现在进入第二阶段。这包括创建数字工具，如应用程序和移动词典，以帮助人们学习方言。）可知，该项目的第二部分主要侧重于创建数字化工具来帮助人们学习方言。故选D。
（ 5）标题归纳题。根据第一段D yu speak a dialect （方言） in daily life？While many Chinese peple speak Mandarin （普通话），sme lcal dialects are in danger f disappearing.T save them，the Chinese gvernment started the Chinese Language Resurces Prtectin Prject （中国语言资源保护工程） a few years ag.（你在日常生活中说方言吗？虽然许多中国人说普通话，但一些地方方言有消失的危险。为了拯救它们，中国政府几年前启动了中国语言资源保护工程。）及全文可知，文章主要讲述了中国为拯救濒危方言所做的努力，包括启动中国语言资源保护工程、建设语言资源库以及项目的后续计划等。因此，"中国在拯救方言方面的努力"最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
本文主要介绍了中国为保护濒危方言而启动的中国语言资源保护工程，包括该工程的内容、方言的重要性、工程的实施情况及后续计划等。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
36.【答案】【小题1】Beginning/Start
【小题2】hmeless
【小题3】with
【小题4】succeeded
【小题5】when
【解析】（1）细节理解题。文章结构是故事发展的不同阶段，有"Develpment（发展）"、"Climax（高潮）"、"Ending（结局）" ，前面空缺的是故事起始部分，对应Beginning/Start"开端"。从故事内容看，开头描述天空破碎等灾难发生，是故事的起始阶段，故填Beginning/Start。
（2）细节理解题。根据第1段"Peple lst their hmes and had t hide in caves（洞穴）."（人们失去了家园，不得不躲在山洞里。）可知，人们失去了家园，hmeless是 "无家可归的" 意思，符合 "Peple became hid in dark caves." 中人们的状态，故填hmeless。
（3）细节理解题。根据第2段"At the same time，Nuwa used a magic swrd t kill a black dragn that had caused flds in villages."（与此同时，女娲用一把魔剑杀死了一条在村庄引发洪水的黑龙。）可知，这里表示用魔法剑杀黑龙，with有 "用；使用" 的含义，用于此句"she killed a dragn magic swrd" 中表示使用的工具，故填with。
（4）细节理解题。根据第3段"With all her strength，she filled the last hle.Then the sky became blue again."（她用尽全力，填满了最后一个洞。然后天空又变蓝了。）可知，女娲成功补好了天，succeed in ding sth.表示"成功做某事"，这里是一般过去时，succeed的过去式是 succeeded，故填succeeded。
（5）细节理解题。根据第4段"Peple als learned a lessn：when life feels brken like the sky，think f Nuwa.Face challenges bravely and keep trying，even big prblems can be wrked ut."（人们也学到了一个教训：当生活像天空一样破碎时，想想女娲。勇敢地面对挑战，不断尝试，再大的问题也能解决。）可知，这里表达"当你不断尝试，即使大问题也能解决"，when有" 当……时" 意思，符合逻辑，故填when。
本文是一篇记叙文，为神话故事。主要讲述了很久很久以前天空破碎、大地受灾，人们流离失所，女娲历经艰辛，收集五彩石熔炼补天，还杀黑龙、取龟腿撑天，最终天空复原，人们欢呼，也懂得面对困难要勇敢坚持的道理。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
37.【答案】【小题1】at
【小题2】decisins
【小题3】wildest
【小题4】himself
【小题5】was missing
【小题6】Luckily
【小题7】t realize
【小题8】amazing
【小题9】a
【小题10】but
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：这个村子里的人擅长游泳。be gd at是固定短语，意为"擅长……"。故填at。
（2）考查名词。句意：他曾经是个调皮的孩子，经常做出轻率的决定。make decisins是固定短语，意为"做决定"，decide是动词，此处需要用其名词形式decisin"决定"，且由wild修饰，结合语境可知用复数形式。故填decisins。
（3）考查形容词最高级。句意：在他做过的所有疯狂的事情中，最疯狂的一件是他独自乘一艘绿色塑料船出海。根据"Amng all the crazy things（在所有疯狂的事情中）"可知，此处表示在多个事物中进行比较，要用形容词的最高级形式，wild的最高级是wildest。故填wildest。
（4）考查反身代词。句意：他自己准备了一根自制鱼竿，希望能钓到一条大鱼给父母一个惊喜。此处强调"他自己"准备，he的反身代词是himself"他自己"，符合语境。故填himself。
（5）考查过去进行时。句意：当他在海上失踪时，村民们正在到处找他。while引导时间状语从句时，从句常用进行时态，结合主句"were lking fr（正在寻找）"可知，此处用过去进行时，be missing表示"失踪的"，主语是he，所以用was missing。故填was missing。
（6）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，第二天渔民们发现了他。此处需要一个副词修饰整个句子，luck的副词形式是luckily，意为"幸运地"，句首首字母要大写。故填Luckily。
（7）考查动词不定式。句意：他似乎没有意识到这件事的危险性。seem t d sth.是固定用法，意为"似乎做某事"，realize是动词，此处用不定式形式t realize。故填t realize。
（8）考查形容词。句意：安全回家后，一件令人惊奇的事情发生了：他成了"乡村英雄"。此处需要一个形容词修饰不定代词smething，amaze的形容词形式amazing意为"令人惊奇的"，用于修饰事物，符合语境。故填amazing。
（9）考查冠词。句意：他的绿色小船甚至变成了一个受游客欢迎的地方。place是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指"一个地方"，且ppular是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
（10）考查连词。句意：村民们以前很担心他，但现在他们高度赞扬他的勇敢精神。前半句"担心"和后半句"高度赞扬"之间是转折关系，but意为"但是"，符合语境。故填but。
本文主要讲述了10岁男孩小梁曾独自乘绿色塑料船出海迷路，漂流30公里后被渔民发现，他的冷静使他成为"乡村英雄"，其小船成游客打卡地，村民对他的态度也从担忧转为称赞。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。
38.【答案】Dear Peter，
I cmpletely understand that yu want t relax after busy schl days.But yur parents care abut yur future.Dn't wrry—we can find a balance.First，it's imprtant t cmmunicate with yur parents nicely.Yu culd say， "I'll study frm 9：00 t 11：00.After that，can I listen t music fr a while？" They might agree if they knw yu take yur study seriusly and als need breaks.Secnd，yu'd better make a clear weekend schedule.Fr example，spend tw hurs studying each mrning，then d sme sprts in the afternn like running r playing sccer.This way，yu can fcus n study and enjy free time.
Hpe that my advice helps and yu can enjy wnderful weekends!
Fu Xing
【解析】Dear Peter，
I cmpletely understand that yu want t relax after busy schl days.But yur parents care abut yur future.Dn't wrry—we can find a balance.（给出理解）First，it's imprtant t cmmunicate with yur parents nicely.Yu culd say， "I'll study frm 9：00 t 11：00.After that，can I listen t music fr a while？" They might agree if they knw yu take yur study seriusly and als need breaks.【高分句型一】Secnd，yu'd better make a clear weekend schedule.Fr example，spend tw hurs studying each mrning，then d sme sprts in the afternn like running r playing sccer.This way，yu can fcus n study and enjy free time.（给出建议以及理由）
Hpe that my advice helps and yu can enjy wnderful weekends!【高分句型二】（表达希望）
Fu Xing
【高分句型一】
They might agree if they knw yu take yur study seriusly and als need breaks.
翻译：如果他们知道你认真学习，也需要休息，他们可能会同意。
分析：句子中应用了if引导的条件状语从句。
【高分句型二】
Hpe that my advice helps and yu can enjy wnderful weekends!
翻译：希望我的建议有所帮助，你可以享受美好的周末！
分析：句子中应用了that引导的宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。Yingtianfu Academy
Yingtianfu Academy in Shangqiu，Henan was built by Yang Que，a man wh lved educatin.Later，Fan Zhngyan became a teacher here.In 1043，Emperr Sng Renzng renamed it Nanjing Guzijian，making it the highest academy in the Nrthern Sng Dynasty.
Yuelu Academy
Yuclu Academy，lcated at the ft f Yuelu Muntain in Changsha，Hunan，was funded in 976 the Sng Dynasty.It has a histry f ver 1，000 years thrugh fur dynasties，getting the name "ne-thusand-year-ld academy".
Sngyang Academy
Sngyang Academy，at the ft f Sngshan Muntain in Henan，was built ver 1，500 years ag in the Nrth Wei Dynasty.First named Sngyang Temple，it gt its present name in 1035 and became an ancient educatin institutin and a birthplace f Ne-Cnfucianism in the Sng Dynasty.
Bailudng Academy
Bailudng Academy in Jiangxi，built in 940 A.D.，is called "the best academy".Zhu Xi，a Sng Dynasty educatin expert，rebuilt it t teach and set rules.Its rules influenced （影响） schls fr centuries and spread t ther cuntries.
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Need yur advice!
Dear Fu Xing，
I'm upset because my parents and I argue abut hw I spend my weekends.After a busy schl week，I want t relax mre，such as ding sme sprts r listening t sme music.Hwever，my parents always ask me t study mre.
What shuld I d？
Peter
[email protected]
[email protected]
Re：Need yur advice!
Dear Peter，
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fu Xing