2024-2025学年上海市松江区（五四制）八年级下学期期末考试英语试题(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2024-2025学年上海市松江区（五四制）八年级下学期期末考试英语试题(含详细答案解析)，共19页。试卷主要包含了单选题，完形填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读-简答，选词填空-短文，首字母短文填空，单词造句，单句语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.Which f the fllwing underlined parts is different in prnunciatin?
A. agricultureB. ParisC. adultD. enable
2.We are ging t have ________ ne-day trip t the Great Wall next week.
A. aB. anC. theD. /
3.________ a way, nline learning has made it mre cnvenient fr students t get knwledge.
A. AtB. InC. OnD. With
4.The prject is s difficult that ________ experts have been able t cmplete it successfully.
A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few
5.—Whse bike is this?—It’s nt ________. Maybe it’s Lily’s. Let’s g and ask her.
A. myB. meC. mineD. I
6.The new restaurant was nt as ________ as we expected, thugh the waiters served ________.
A. busy; plitelyB. busily; plite
C. busy; pliteD. busily; plitely
7.—Lk! The man ver there is wearing a strange hat. Is he Mr. Smith?—It ________ be him. Mr. Smith has gne t Beijing n business and he wn’t be back until next week.
A. mustn’tB. can’tC. needn’tD. shuldn’t
8.— I called yu at 8:00 last night, but n ne answered.— Oh, I ________ a shwer at that time.
A. takeB. tkC. was takingD. am taking
9.________ yu have finished yur hmewrk, yu can g ut t play ftball with yur friends.
A. Even thughB. Nw thatC. As ifD. S that
10.The new library in ur schl ________ next mnth.
A. buildsB. will buildC. is builtD. will be built
11.I want t g t the party, ________ I have t finish my hmewrk first.
A. anB. butC. rD. s
12.— We had a great time at the amusement park last weekend.— Yeah! ________ it is t ride the rller caster!
A. What a funB. What funC. Hw funD. Hw a fun
13.He decided ________ cmputer games because they were bad fr his eyes.
A. nt playB. t nt playC. nt t playD. nt playing
14.The dctr suggested ________ mre exercise t keep healthy.
A. takeB. takesC. takingD. t take
15.— Lk at my new painting! I just finished it yesterday.—________ It’s s creative and the clrs are amazing!
A. What a pity!B. Yu’re welcme.
C. Well dne!D. That’s all right.
二、完形填空：本大题共6小题，共9分。
An cean f nise affects my life a lt
I’m a little clwnfish, and I like t live in cral reefs (珊瑚礁), but I dn’t always stay here. When I was just a baby, I wandered in the pen sea fr mnths. It was a big, scary wrld ut there! When I grew strng enugh, I hurried hme. I culdn’t see the reef. 16 , I depended n its small sund t guide me hme.
Unfrtunately, the cean isn’t as peaceful as it used t be. Humans, with their ships, speedbats, and surfing, have made it a nisy place. Their nises are ften luder than the 17 nes, which makes it difficult fr us t find ur way back.
I’m nt the nly ne t suffer. Deep underwater, there is little light. Sunds, hwever, travel far. Many f my cean friends rely n their ability f 18 t survive. Dlphins call each ther by unique names and whales sing beautiful sngs. But nw, the nise is disturbing ur lives. Therefre, they swim away frm the nises. Fr example, whales try t 19 busy shipping rutes. But in many places, human-made nise is everywhere. We’re frced t leave ur hmes and mve t quieter areas, where we must cmpete with thers fr fd and shelter. Over time, ur ppulatins shrink.
Luckily, I discver humans are taking actin and nise is a cntrllable prblem. Many 20 , like wind-pwered bats, have already existed. Scientists are calling fr stricter rules. “We have nise standards (标准) fr cars and trucks,” they say. “Why shuldn’t we have them fr 21 ?”
16.A. In additinB. In briefC. InsteadD. In return
17.A. cmmnB. realC. suddenD. natural
18.A. singingB. hearingC. changingD. thinking
19.A. chseB. avidC. knwD. change
20.A. cnclusinsB. servicesC. slutinsD. studies
21.A. animalsB. humansC. planesD. ships
三、阅读理解：本大题共6小题，共12分。
A
Making mvies bite-sized?
I dn’t agree with watching mvies thrugh shrt vides. Peple watch mvies t feel the emtins (情绪). When peple watch a mvie fully, they can remember the stry fr a lng time. This makes peple want t discuss it with thers mre deeply. Hwever, shrt vide cmmentaries (评论) make it difficult t feel these emtins. Peple nly learn abut the stry and this makes them lse the great experience f watching mvies. Als, there may be sme mistakes in shrt vides, s peple might get the wrng ideas abut mvies. As such, I believe that watching mvies frm beginning t the end is better. (Sha Xinyan, 13, Hubei)
Shrt vide cmmentaries can help us knw the true meaning f the mvie. Since we live in a fast-paced wrld, shrt vides make it mre cnvenient fr us t get infrmatin. Smetimes, peple are interested in a new mvie but they dn’t have time t see it. Peple may als find the mvie bring when they watch it themselves. This wuld be a waste f time and mney. In this case, shrt vides help peple enjy mvies and save their energy. Sme peple think shrt vides cause misunderstandings. But dn’t wrry! Yu can always g t the cinema and see the mvies fr yurself.(Cui Luya, 14, Beijing)
22.What might be Zhang Yimu’s pinin twards watching mvies thrugh shrt vides?
A. Shrt vides make it unnecessary t watch mvies in the cinema.
B. Shrt vides d nt give the full cinema experience.
C. Shrt vides prvide a cnvenient way t learn abut the mvies.
D. Shrt vides bring peple the same experience as watching mvies in the cinema.
23.Accrding t Sha Xinyan, why is watching mvies thrugh shrt vides nt gd?
A. Shrt vides can’t prvide any useful infrmatin fr peple.
B. Shrt vides always have wrng ideas abut mvies.
C. Shrt vides make it hard t feel the emtins f mvies.
D. Shrt vides prvide us with a terrible experience f watching mvies.
24.Why des Cui Luya think shrt vides are cnvenient fr sme peple?
A. Because they dn’t require any payment.
B. Because they are easier t get than mvies.
C. Because they always prvide summaries withut misunderstandings.
D. Because they can ffer busy peple a quicker way t learn abut the mvie.
25.What des Cui Luya imply by saying the underlined sentences?
A. Peple shuld never trust any mvie cmmentaries.
B. Cinemas will sn replace mst f the shrt vide platfrms.
C. Shrt vides are useless fr understanding films.
D. Shrt vides help, but peple can get a better understanding thrugh mvies.
26.The underlined wrd “bite-sized” in the title prbably means ________.
A. very lngB. very detailed
C. small and easy t take inD. hard t understand
27.This passage is mst likely t be fund in ________.
A. a nvelB. a newspaper
C. a science textbkD. a film review
四、任务型阅读-简答：本大题共1小题，共10分。
28.CATCH OF A LIFETIME
A by was eleven years ld and lived n an island in the middle f a lake. On the day befre the bass (鲈鱼) seasn pened, he and his father were fishing early in the evening. He tied a small bait (诱饵) and practised casting (抛). When his ple dubled ver, he knew smething huge was n the ther end. Finally, he lifted the fish frm the water. It was the largest ne he had ever seen, and it was a bass.
The father lked at the handsme fish. Then he lit a match and lked at his watch. It was 10 p.m. —tw hurs befre the bass fishing seasn pened. “Yu’ll have t put it back, sn,” he said. “Dad!” cried the by. “There will be ther fish,” said his father. “Nt as big as this ne,” cried the by. He lked arund the lake. N ther fishermen r bats were anywhere arund in the mnlight. He lked again at his father. Even thugh n ne had seen them, the by culd tell by his father’s vice that he had n chice. He slwly wrked the hk (钩) ut f the lip f the bass and lwered it int the black water. The fish gave a wave with its tail and disappeared.
That was 34 years ag. Tday, the by is a successful architect in New Yrk City. He ften takes his wn sn and daughters t g fishing at the same place. He has never again caught such a huge fish as the ne he caught that night lng ag, but he des see that same fish— again and again — every time he faces a questin f ethics (道德).
(1) It was 23 June when the by and his father went fishing, wasn’t it?_______________________________________________________.
(2) When did the by knw there was smething huge n the ther end f the ple?______________________________________________________.
(3) Why did the father ask the by t put the bass back?_______________________________________________________.
(4) What des “that same fish” in the last paragraph refer t?_______________________________________________________.
(5) What d yu think f the by’s father’s decisin? Why?_______________________________________________________.
五、选词填空-短文：本大题共1小题，共10分。
29.
Mre Turtle Tys Needed
What’s the mst ppular blind bx (盲盒) ty these days amng yung Chinese peple? It’s prbably a turtle ty knwn as the “Matching Up Turtle.” Even the Olympic champin Quan Hngchan is 1 abut it.
Quan has always lved turtle tys. The teenage girl was first seen playing with the ty during breaks frm training and cmpetitins. She later psted abut her grwing number f turtles n scial media. Fans are excited t fllw her 2 .
“We 3 arund 50,000 t 100,000 turtles every day,” said a ty prducer in Yiwu. Hwever, they usually sell ut in ne day. “Our factry is wrking vertime t meet the demand (需求),” he added.
Such a sudden increase in sales shws Quan’s “great 4 as a sprts idl.” It als results frm yung peple’s interest in special and amusing tys. Hwever, yung peple shuld avid impulse buying (冲动消费). “We need t think 5 befre fllwing the crwd,” said Zhu Siqian, a market researcher.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
六、首字母短文填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。
30.Mre Tech, Less Wrk?
Free time is rare in mdern life. Yu can see adults are always busy. Yu might think new technlgies wuld give us mre free time. But if yu lk back thrugh h 1 , yu will find it is nt that simple. Back in the early 1900s in America, hmes didn’t have much technlgy. There was n electricity, and mst hmes didn’t have indr pipes fr water. Peple had t carry water in and ut by themselves. Then new useful things like tilets, fridges, and electric irns were i 2 . These were suppsed t save peple time. But husewives actually spent mre time n husewrk frm the 1920s t the 1960s.
Why? Well, better technlgy makes us want mre. Take washing clthes as an e 3 . Befre washing machines, peple washed clthes nly a few times a year. With washing machines, peple wash clthes mre 4 and als buy mre clthes. S, there’s mre wrk. What’s mre, a 5 technlgy cuts time fr sme husewrk, peple spend mre time n ther things, like taking care f children. American parents nw spend almst twice as much time n their kids as they did in the 1980s.
In the end, even if technlgy can make life a bit e 6 , it ften makes us take n mre wrk as we try t meet what sciety e 7 f us.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
七、单词造句：本大题共1小题，共2分。
31.enables, the Internet, t, us, arund the wrld, cnnect, peple, with (连词成句) .
八、单句语法填空：本大题共8小题，共8分。
32.September is the mnth f the year. (nine)
33.Help t sme fish and vegetables, children! (yu)
34.Dn't try t yur parents with lies. It's nt right. (flish)
35.She hpes t imprve her t slve difficult math prblems. (able)
36.The city is t turists because f its beautiful scenery and rich histry. (attract)
37.Dn't frget t the main character in yur stry. (descriptin)
38.His final surprised everyne because he decided t study abrad. (chse)
39.It's imprtant t listen when thers are speaking. (patient)
九、句型转换：本大题共5小题，共10分。
40.He lay n the bed just nw. (改为一般疑问句) he n the bed just nw?
41.He has never been t Paris. (改为反义疑问句)He has never been t Paris, ?
42.Yung peple frm different cuntries g t France t further their studies. (对划线部分提问) yung peple frm different cuntries g t France?
43.They went ut t play after the rain stpped. (保持句意不变)They g ut t play the rain stpped.
44.“Des he like playing basketball?” Tm asked me. (改为宾语从句)Tm asked me he playing basketball.
十、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。
45.Write at least 60 wrds n the tpic “A ________ decisin”
男孩的故事让我们明白，我们生活中所做的每一个决定，无论大小，都在塑造着我们的品格与未来。你是否也曾做过某个让你难以忘怀、意义深远的决定呢？请以“A ________ decisin”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，内容切题，语句连贯，标点符号不占格。
Suggested Questins：
1.What decisin did yu make?
2.In what situatin (情形) did yu make the decisin?
3.What influence has the decisin had n yu?
注意：
1.文章中不得出现姓名、校名等个人信息，否则不予评分。
2.照抄阅读语篇不得分。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1.【答案】D
【解析】【详解】句意：以下划线部分中，发音不同的是哪一个？
考查单词发音。agriculture/ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)/；Paris/ˈpærɪs/；adult/ˈædʌlt/；enable/ɪˈneɪbl/。根据音标可知，“enable”中划线部分发音/eɪ/，与其他选项不同。故选D。
2.【答案】A
【解析】【详解】句意：我们下周打算进行一次一日游去长城。
考查不定冠词用法。a泛指“一个”，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an泛指“一个”，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表示特指的人或物；/零冠词。“ne-day”读音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词“a”；此句是泛指“一次一日游”。故选A。
3.【答案】B
【解析】【详解】句意：在某种程度上，在线学习让学生获取知识变得更便捷了。
考查介词辨析。at在某地；in在……里面；n在某日；with伴随。in a way是固定短语，意为“在某种程度上；从某一点上看”，此处表示线上学习便于获取知识。故选B。
4.【答案】D
【解析】【详解】句意：这个项目太难了，以至于很少有专家能成功地完成它。
考查代词辨析。a little一点，修饰不可数名词；little很少，修饰不可数名词；a few几个，修饰可数名词；few很少，修饰可数名词。因为experts是复数名词，所以A项和B项排除。根据“The prject is s difficult”可知，这个项目太难了，以至于很少有专家能成功地完成它，强调否定意味，用代词few。故选D。
5.【答案】C
【解析】【详解】句意：——这是谁的自行车？——不是我的。可能是莉莉的。我们去问问她吧。
考查代词辨析。my（形容词性物主代词，需接名词）；me（宾格代词）；mine（名词性物主代词，相当于“my + 名词”）；I（主格代词）。空格后无名词，需用名词性物主代词表示“我的自行车”。故选C。
6.【答案】A
【解析】【详解】句意：这家新餐厅并不像我们预期的那样忙碌，尽管服务员们服务得很礼貌。
考查形容词和副词的用法。busy忙碌的，为形容词；plitely礼貌地，为副词；busily忙碌地，为副词；plite礼貌的，为形容词。根据“was”可知，第一空需用形容词描述餐厅状态；根据“served”可知，第二空需用副词修饰服务方式。故选A。
7.【答案】B
【解析】【详解】句意：——看！那边的那个男人戴着一顶奇怪的帽子。他是史密斯先生吗？——不可能是他。史密斯先生去北京出差了，要到下周才会回来。
考查情态动词的用法。mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能；needn’t不需要；shuldn’t不应该。根据下文“Mr. Smith has gne t Beijing n business and he wn’t be back until next week.”可知，此处表示那个人“不可能”是史密斯先生，应该用can’t。故选B。
8.【答案】C
【解析】【详解】句意：——我昨晚8点给你打电话，但没人接。——哦，那时我正在洗澡。
考查动词时态辨析。take动词原形；tk动词过去式；was taking过去进行时；am taking现在进行时。at that time“在那时”是过去进行时的标志词，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。故选C。
9.【答案】B
【解析】【详解】句意：既然你已经完成了作业，就可以出去和朋友们踢足球了。
考查从属连词辨析。Even thugh即使；Nw that既然，由于；As if好像，仿佛；S that为了，以便。分析句子结构可知，“yu have finished yur hmewrk”是“yu can g ut t play ftball with yur friends”的原因，应用“Nw that”引导原因状语从句，强调已知的事实。故选B。
10.【答案】D
【解析】【详解】句意：我们学校的新图书馆下个月将被建成。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语“library”与动词“build”是被动关系（图书馆是被建造的），且时间状语“next mnth”表示将来，需用将来时的被动语态。故选D。
11.【答案】B
【解析】【详解】句意：我想去参加聚会，但我必须先完成作业。
考查连词辨析。an一个，冠词；but但是，表转折；r或者，表选择；s所以，表因果。前后分句为转折关系。故选B。
12.【答案】B
【解析】【详解】句意：——上周末我们在游乐园玩得超开心。——是啊！坐过山车多有趣啊！
考查感叹句。what a fun表述错误；what fun表述正确；hw fun表述错误；hw a fun表述错误。fun为不可数名词，需用“what+不可数名词+主语+谓语”结构。故选B。
13.【答案】C
【解析】【详解】句意：他决定不玩电脑游戏了，因为它们对他的眼睛有害。
考查非谓语动词。根据“He decided…cmputer games because they were bad fr his eyes.”可知，此处表达他决定不玩电脑游戏了，应使用“decide nt t d sth”结构。故选C。
14.【答案】C
【解析】【详解】句意：医生建议多做运动来保持健康。
考查非谓语动词用法。suggest作“建议”解时，后接动名词作宾语，表示建议做某事。根据句意，此处应选用动名词形式表示建议的内容。故选C。
15.【答案】C
【解析】【详解】句意：——看我的新画！我昨天刚完成的。——做得好！它太有创意了，而且色彩棒极了！
考查情景交际。What a pity!太遗憾了；Yu’re welcme.不客气；Well dne!做得好；That’s all right.没关系。根据下文“It’s s creative and the clrs are amazing!”可知，它很有创意，色彩也很棒，所以这里应用“Well dne”对画作进行肯定、赞美。故选C。
16~21.【答案】C、D、B、B、C、D
【解析】【导语】本文介绍了海洋噪音影响生物生存，人类已采取措施应对。
1.
句意：我看不到珊瑚礁。相反，我依靠它微弱的声音指引我回家。
In additin此外；In brief简而言之；Instead相反；In return作为回报。前文说“I culdn’t see the reef.”，后文说“I depended n its small sund t guide me hme.”，存在“看不到，转而依靠声音”的逻辑关系。故选C。
2.
句意：它们噪音通常比自然的更大，这让我们很难找到回去的路。
cmmn常见的；real真实的；sudden突然的；natural自然的。前文提到人类制造的噪音 (ships, speedbats, surfing产生的噪音)，这里对比人类噪音和海洋“自然的”声音，突出人类噪音对海洋生物的影响。故选D。
3.
句意：我的许多海洋朋友依靠它们的听觉能力生存。
singing唱歌；hearing听觉；changing改变；thinking思考。后文提到“Dlphins call each ther by unique names and whales sing beautiful sngs.”可知，说明海洋生物依靠“听觉(hearing)”生存，比如交流、导航等。故选B。
4.
句意：例如，鲸鱼试图避开繁忙的航运路线。
chse选择；avid避开；knw知道；change改变。前文说“the nise is disturbing ur lives.”，所以鲸鱼会“避开(avid)”繁忙的航运路线，减少噪音影响。故选B。
5.
句意：许多解决办法，比如风力驱动的船，已经存在了。
cnclusins结论；services服务；slutins解决办法；studies研究。根据后文“like wind-pwered bats”是举例说明应对海洋噪音问题的“解决办法(slutins)”。故填C。
6.
句意：他们说：“我们有针对汽车和卡车的噪音标准，为什么我们不能为船舶呢？”
animals动物；humans人类；planes飞机；ships船舶。前文提到有汽车、卡车的噪音标准，这里反问“为什么不为船舶(ships) 制定呢”，和前文提到的人类航海活动(ships等) 呼应。故选D。
22~27.【答案】B、C、D、D、C、B
【解析】【导语】本文主要是张艺谋导演在接受新华社采访时呼吁观众应该去电影院观影，而非仅通过3分钟短视频了解电影，由此引发了一场“是否应该通过短视频看电影”的讨论。
1.
推理判断题。根据“the well-knwn directr Zhang Yimu said that audiences (观众) shuld visit cinemas instead f just watching 3-minute vide summaries n their phnes.”可知，张艺谋说观众应该去电影院，而不是只看手机上的3分钟短视频概括，由此推知，他认为短视频无法替代完整的影院体验。故选B。
2.
细节理解题。根据“Hwever, shrt vide cmmentaries (评论) make it difficult t feel these emtins.”可知，她认为短视频让人很难感受到电影的情感。故选C。
3.
细节理解题。根据“Since we live in a fast-paced wrld... shrt vides help peple enjy mvies and save their energy.”可知，她为短视频对一些人来说很方便，因为它们可以为忙碌的人们提供一种更快的方式来了解电影。故选D。
4.
推理判断题。根据“Sme peple think shrt vides cause misunderstandings. But dn’t wrry! Yu can always g t the cinema and see the mvies fr yurself.”可知，一些人认为短视频会造成误解。不过别担心！你可以自己去电影院看电影，即短视频有帮助，但人们可以通过电影更好地理解。故选D。
5.
词句猜测题。根据“Making mvies bite-sized”并结合文章内容可知，“bite-sized”直译是“一口大小的”，在文中比喻短小精悍、易于消化的短视频，对应短视频的“碎片化”特点。故选C。
6.
推理判断题。根据“In an interview with Xinhua News Agency,”并结合文章内容可知，张艺谋导演在接受新华社采访时呼吁观众应该去电影院观影，从而引发了一场“是否应该通过短视频看电影”的讨论，所以可能在报纸上发现本文。故选B。
28.【答案】【小题1】
N, it wasn’t.
【小题2】
When his ple dubled ver.
【小题3】
Because it was tw hurs befre the bass fishing seasn pened (and the father wanted t fllw the rules t prtect fish).
【小题4】
The lessn abut being hnest.
【小题5】
答案不唯一。It was a wise decisin because he nt nly prtected the fish but als taught his sn t be hnest.
【解析】1.
【导语】本文讲述了一个男孩在钓鱼时捕获了一条大鱼，但在父亲的坚持下，因为时间未到，不得不将鱼放回湖中。这个故事强调了即使在没有外界监督的情况下，也要遵守规则和道德准则的重要性。
根据“BASS FISHING SEASON；Open frm 23 June t 30 Nvember；Please prtect fish and limit the catch.”及“It was 10 p.m. —tw hurs befre the bass fishing seasn pened.”可知，男孩和他的父亲去钓鱼还不到6月23日。故填N, it wasn’t.
2.
根据“When his ple dubled ver, he knew smething huge was n the ther end.”可知，当他的杆子弯曲时，他知道另一端有什么巨大的东西。故填When his ple dubled ver.
3.
根据“It was 10 p.m. —tw hurs befre the bass fishing seasn pened.”及“Yu’ll have t put it back,”可知，因为距离鲈鱼捕捞季节开始还有两个小时（父亲想遵守规则保护鱼类）。故填Because it was tw hurs befre the bass fishing seasn pened (and the father wanted t fllw the rules t prtect fish).
4.
根据“He has never again caught such a huge fish as the ne he caught that night lng ag, but he des see that same fish—again and again—every time he faces a questin f ethics (道德).”可知，关于诚实的教训。故填The lessn abut being hnest.
5.
答案不唯一。参考答案为：这是一个明智的决定，因为他不仅保护了鱼，还教会了儿子诚实。故填It was a wise decisin because he nt nly prtected the fish but als taught his sn t be hnest.
29.【答案】【小题1】
E
【小题2】
C
【小题3】
A
【小题4】
B
【小题5】
F
【解析】1.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了奥运冠军全红婵对乌龟玩具的喜爱以及这种喜爱对市场的影响。
句意：即使是奥运冠军全红婵也对它着迷。设空处需要填入一个形容词，描述全红婵对乌龟玩具的态度。crazy abut表示“对……着迷”，符合句意。故选E。
2.
句意：粉丝们很高兴跟随她的引领。根据“She later psted abut her grwing number f turtles n scial media.”可知，全红婵的行为带动了粉丝的兴趣，设空处需要填入一个名词，表示“引领”或“榜样”。lead作名词时表示“引领”，符合句意。故选C。
3.
句意：我们每天生产大约5万到10万只乌龟玩具。根据后文“Our factry is wrking vertime t meet the demand”可知，工厂加班生产，prduce表示“生产”符合句意。故选A。
4.
句意：销量的突然增长显示了全红婵作为体育偶像的巨大影响力。根据“as a sprts idl”可知，此处说全红婵的影响力。设空处需要填入一个名词，influence表示“影响力”符合句意。故选B。
5.
句意：在随大流之前，我们需要清楚地思考。根据“befre fllwing the crwd”可知，随大流之前要清楚思考。设空处需要填入一个副词，修饰动词think。clearly表示“清楚地”，符合句意。故选F。
30.【答案】【小题1】
istry
【小题2】
nvented
【小题3】
xample
【小题4】
ften
【小题5】
lthugh
【小题6】
asier
【小题7】
xpects
【解析】1.
【导语】本文围绕“技术进步与工作量的关系”展开，指出尽管新技术本应节省时间、增加闲暇，但实际上由于人们对生活品质的要求提高、社会期待的变化等原因，技术进步反而可能让人们承担更多工作，说明“更多技术未必带来更少工作”这一核心观点。
句意：但如果你回顾历史，会发现事情并非那么简单。根据下文“Back in the early 1900s in America”和首字母“h”提示可知，20世纪初的美国，所以此处是指回顾历史；考查histry“历史”，不可数名词。故填(h)istry。
2.
句意：后来，像马桶、冰箱和电熨斗这样有用的新东西被发明出来了。根据上文“tilets, fridges, and electric irns”和首字母“i”提示可知，马桶、冰箱、电熨斗等，这些都是被发明的物品；考查invent“发明”，动词；主语“new useful things”与动词“invent”是被动关系，应用被动语态，其结构为be dne；又根据空前“were”可知，这里应用invent的过去分词invented。故填(i)nvented。
3.
句意：以洗衣服为例。根据“Take washing clthes as an”和首字母“e”提示可知，此处考查 an example“以……为例”，动词短语。故填(e)xample。
4.
句意：有了洗衣机，人们洗衣服更频繁，也买更多衣服。根据上文“peple washed clthes nly a few times a year”和首字母“”提示可知，洗衣机发明前，人们一年只洗几次衣服，而有了洗衣机后，洗衣服却更频繁；考查ften“常常，时常”，副词。故填()ften。
5.
句意：此外，尽管技术减少了某些家务的时间，但人们会花更多时间在其他事情上，比如照顾孩子。分析句子结构可知，前后句子存在让步关系，结合首字母“a”提示可知，此处考查althugh“尽管”，连词，引导让步状语从句。故填(a)lthugh。
6.
句意：最后，即使技术能让生活轻松一点，但当我们试图满足社会对我们的期待时，它往往会让我们承担更多工作。根据上文“These were suppsed t save peple time.”和首字母“e”提示可知，技术本应能为人们节省时间，所以此处是指技术能让生活更容易些；考查easy“容易的”，形容词；又根据空后“and buy mre clthes”可知，这里应用其比较级形式easier“更容易”，符合语境。故填(e)asier。
7.
句意：最后，即使技术能让生活轻松一点，但当我们试图满足社会对我们的期待时，它往往会让我们承担更多工作。根据“what sciety … f us”和首字母“e”提示可知，此处是指社会对我们有何期望；考查expect sth. f sb.“对某人期望某事”，固定搭配；主语“sciety”是第三人称单数，句子时态为一般现在时，所以谓语动词应用三单形式expects。故填(e)xpects。
31.【答案】The Internet enables us t cnnect with peple arund the wrld
【解析】【详解】根据单词和标点提示可知，句子为陈述句，且时态为一般现在时；the Internet“互联网”，作句子的主语，位于句首，首字母要大写；enable sb. t d sth.“使某人能够做某事”，动词短语，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语动词应用三单形式enables；us“我们”，人称代词宾格；cnnect with“与……联系”，动词短语；peple arund the wrld“世界各地的人们”，其中arund the wrld为介词短语，作后置定语，修饰“peple”。故填The Internet enables us t cnnect with peple arund the wrld“互联网使我们能够与世界各地的人们联系”。
32.【答案】ninth
【解析】【详解】句意：九月是一年中的第九个月。根据“September”可知，此处表示第九个月，用序数词ninth表示顺序。故填ninth。
33.【答案】yurselves
【解析】【详解】句意：孩子们，随便吃点鱼和蔬菜吧！句中“children”（孩子们）是复数，对应的反身代词是“yurselves”，符合“help neself t sth”用于复数对象时的用法，表示让孩子们自行取用食物。故填yurselves。
34.【答案】fl
【解析】【详解】句意：不要试图用谎言愚弄你的父母。这样是不对的。不定式t后接动词原形，此处是不定式作宾语，flish的动词是fl。故填fl。
35.【答案】ability
【解析】【详解】句意：她希望提高自己解决困难数学问题的能力。空格处需填入名词作动词imprve的宾语，表示“提高某种能力”。形容词able的名词形式为ability。故填ability。
36.【答案】attractive
【解析】【详解】句意：这座城市因其美丽的风景和丰富的历史对游客有吸引力。根据句子结构可知，此处需要形容词作表语，attract是动词，其形容词形式是attractive，意为“有吸引力的”。“be attractive t...”意为“对……有吸引力”。故填attractive。
37.【答案】describe
【解析】【详解】句意：不要忘记在你的故事中描述主角。frget t d sth.“忘记做某事”，固定搭配，所以这里应用动词原形，应将descriptin改为其动词形式describe“描述”。故填describe。
38.【答案】chice
【解析】【详解】句意：他最终的选择让所有人惊讶，因为他决定出国留学。chse是动词，意为“选择”；final“最终的”是形容词，后接名词，chice是chse的名词形式，意为“选择”；根据“because he decided t study abrad.”可知，这个选择是去留学，需用单数。故填chice。
39.【答案】patiently
【解析】【详解】句意：当别人说话时，耐心地倾听很重要。修饰动词listen应该用副词形式。形容词patient的副词形式patiently。故填patiently。
40.【答案】Did
lie
【解析】【详解】句意：他刚才躺在床上。改为一般疑问句时，要借助助动词“did”，放在句首，首字母大写；原来的谓语动词“lay”要还原为原形“lie”，符合一般过去时变一般疑问句“借助did，动词还原”的规则。故填Did；lie。
41.【答案】has
he
【解析】【详解】句意：他从未去过巴黎。句中“has never been”里，“never”是否定词，表明陈述句部分为否定含义，因此简短疑问句部分需用肯定形式。陈述句的助动词为“has”，主语是“he”，所以简短疑问句应保持助动词和主语一致。故填has；he。
42.【答案】Why
d
【解析】【详解】句意：来自不同国家的年轻人去法国深造学习。划线部分“t further their studies”是年轻人去法国的原因，用why提问，根据“g”可知句子采用一般现在时，g为实义动词，主语为“yung peple frm different cuntries”，疑问句中应用助动词d。故填Why；d。
43.【答案】didn't
until
【解析】【详解】句意：雨停后他们出去玩了。“”结构表示“直到……才……”，符合原句“直到雨停，他们才出去玩耍”的含义。原句时态为一般过去时，因此助动词用“didn’t”。故填didn’t；until。
44.【答案】if/whether
liked
【解析】【详解】句意：“他喜欢打篮球吗？”汤姆问我。原句是一般疑问句，改为宾语从句时，需用if或whether引导，表示“是否”；主句Tm asked me是一般过去时，宾语从句也要用相应的过去时态，原一般疑问句中的谓语动词like要变为过去式liked，故填if/whether；liked。
45.【答案】例文
A Curageus Decisin
Last year, I made a curageus decisin t jin the schl speech cntest. I was always shy and wrried abut speaking in public. When the teacher annunced the cntest, my hands were sweating. But I knew this was a chance t vercme my fear.
As sn as I signed up, I practiced every day after schl. Frm then n, I fcused n imprving my prnunciatin and gestures. Thugh nervus, I didn’t want t fall behind. On the cntest day, my vice trembled at first, but I finished strngly.
This decisin changed me. Nw I believe challenges help us grw.
【解析】【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要时态为一般过去时；
③提示：根据所给内容要点完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，点明写作主题（参加演讲比赛的决定）；
第二步，描述难忘经历（从害怕到坚持练习）；
第三步，介绍自己的收获（战胜恐惧的成长）。
[亮点词汇]
①wrried abut担心
②Frm then n从那时起
③fall behind落后
[高分句型]
①As sn as I signed up, I practiced every day after schl.（as sn as引导时间状语从句）
②Thugh nervus, I didn’t want t fall behind.（省略句）
In an interview with Xinhua News Agency, the well-knwn directr Zhang Yimu said that audiences (观众) shuld visit cinemas instead f just watching 3-minute vide summaries n their phnes. His wrds have led t discussins n scial media. D yu agree with watching mvies thrugh shrt vides? Why r why nt?
NOTICE
BASS FISHING SEASON
Open frm 23 June t 30 Nvember
Please prtect fish and limit the catch.
A．prduce B．influence C． lead D．fnd E. crazy F. clearly