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【01-暑假复习】专题02 非谓语动词绝杀技 (形式功能拆解与避坑指南) (学生版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)(2)
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这是一份【01-暑假复习】专题02 非谓语动词绝杀技 (形式功能拆解与避坑指南) (学生版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (人教版)(2),共17页。试卷主要包含了作主语,作状语,作定语,作宾语,作宾补等内容,欢迎下载使用。
内容导航
思维导图: 图文结合,知识整合
考点聚焦:核心考点,有的放矢
重点速记:知识点和重难点梳理,查漏补缺
高频考点:模拟新题+提升专练,全面突破
思维导图
考点聚焦
重点速记
考点(一)精讲非谓语动词的形式与功能
(一)动词不定式形式:
肯定式:t d
否定式:nt t d
被动式:t be dne
完成式:t have dne(表动作先于谓语发生)
进行式:t be ding(表动作与谓语同时进行)
(二)动词不定式功能:
1、作主语:
It is pssible t walk r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
避坑点:对比动名词作主语;不定式侧重具体某次动作,动名词侧重习惯性、泛指的动作。
eg:T swim in the river this afternn sunds great.(具体动作) Swimming is gd exercise.(泛指习惯)
2、作状语
I get up early t catch the first bus.我早起是为了赶上第一班公交车
3、作定语:
(1)不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后,表示将来的动作。不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系,若该不定式是不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。
I have a lt f hmewrk t d.我有很多作业要做。(d hmewrk)
She is lking fr a rm t live in.(live in the rm,介词不可省略)
Suddenly a gd idea ccurred t her,but she culdn't find any paper t write n.
(2)序数词,形容词最高级,the last, the nly 等后或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后,常用不定式作定语。
eg: He is always the first t arrive at the schl and the last t leave the schl.
被修饰词是抽象名词时,常用不定式作定语。
常见名词:ability, chance, idea, hpe, wish, fact, excuse, prmise, attempt, way 等。
eg: The ability t express an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.
(4)接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词:
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(frget t d sth.忘记去做某事 未做,frget ding sth.忘记做过某事 已做))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(regret t d sth.对即将做的事表示遗憾 未做,regret ding sth.对做过的事表示后悔 已做))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(remember t d sth.记得去做某事 未做,remember ding sth.记得做过某事 已做))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(stp t d sth.停下来做某事,stp ding sth.停止做某事))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(try t d sth.尽力去做某事,try ding sth.尝试做某事))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(g n t d sth.继续做另一件事,g n ding sth.继续做原来做的事))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(mean t d sth.打算做某事,mean ding sth.意味着做某事))
eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\c1(can't help t d sth.不能帮助做某事,can't help ding sth.情不自禁地做某事))
eg:Remember t lck the dr when yu leave.(未锁门)
I remember lcking the dr.(已锁门)
He stpped t have a rest.(停下手中的事去休息)
He stpped having a rest and went back t wrk.(停止休息)
4、作宾语:
1.只接不定式作宾语的动词:
agree, plan, demand, prmise, prepare, decide, refuse, chse, wish, hpe, expect, fail (未能), pretend, manage, determine, beg, arrange, threaten, claim, hesitate, wait, happen t d…:
2.it作形式宾语代不定式: find/think/cnsider/feel/make it + 形/名 + t 不定式: 发现/认为/使得做…是…
We find it necessary t master German and French. ment.
易考点:
“疑问词+不定式” 结构 不定式前可加 what, hw, when, where, whether 等疑问词,作宾语或表语。
eg:I dn’t knw what t d next.(作宾语)
eg:The prblem is hw t slve it.(作表语)
5、作宾补:
不定式作宾补时,宾语和不定式之间在逻辑上是主谓关系,不定式表示将要发出的
主动动作。常接不定式作宾补的动词(短语):advise, allw, ask, beg, cause, encurage, expect, frbid, frce, intend, invite, rder, persuade, prefer, require, remind, tell, want, warn, wish, call n, depend n等。
eg: He wants t g t schl.他想去上学
Mther asks me t clean my rm.妈妈让我打扫我的房间
(2)有些动词,如think, cnsider, believe, suppse, feel, find, understand等后常用t be作宾补或主补。
Chinese peple are cnsidered t be the mst hard-wrking peple in the wrld.
(3)在sb. be said/believed/knwn/reprted/cnsidered/thught+t d/t have dne结构中,不定式用作主语补足语。 eg: The president was reprted t have visited China.
避坑点:被动语态中,省略的 t 必须还原带t,否则易失分。
误:He was made wrk 12 hurs a day.
正:He was made t wrk 12 hurs a day.
作表语:
不定式作表语时:
(1)表示预定要发生的动作
(2)当主语是aim, purpse, idea, plan, wish, decisin, chice等词时,常用不定式作表语
(3)主语为what引导的名词性从句时,表语多用不定式。
His wish is t be a dctr in the future.
What I want t d mst in senir high schl is t imprve my English.
重点提示;
动词不定式在平时模拟考试中,考查的频度较大,导致很多学生产生思维定势,见到不定式的题就用
一般式t d的形式,这是平时训练的缺陷。临近高考前要进一步强化,做到查漏补缺。
(二)动名词精讲:
动名词形式为: ding
1、作定语:
表示被修饰词的属性、作用或用途,作 “ 供……用”讲,相当于介词 fr 短语,常置于被修饰词前。
a swimming pl=a pl fr swimming 游泳池
a reading rm = a rm fr reading 阅览室
a washing machine = a machine fr washing 洗衣机
a walking stick=a stick fr walking 拐杖
2、作主语:
(1)动名词作主语常表示抽象的、泛指的概念,也可用it作形式主语,把作真正主语的动名词短语放在句末。常用于固定句型:
It's a waste f time ding...
It's n use/gd ding...
It is useless ding...
There is n pint ding...
Reading is gd fr us.阅读对我们有好处
Facing up t yur prblems rather than running away frm them is the best apprach t wrking things ut.
It's n use cmplaining withut taking actin.
作表语
动名词作表语时相当于名词,用于解释主语的内容,表语和主语常常可以互换位置。
My jb is cleaning the huse three times a week.=Cleaning the huse three times a week is my jb.
注意:remain作系动词时,意为“仍然是”时,后可接现在分词或过去分词作表语
但作不及物动词时,意为“尚待……;留待……”时,后常接t be dne。
She remained standing thugh we repeatedly asked her t sit dwn.
4、作宾语:常放在 enjy, finish, mind 等动词后,She enjys listening t music.她喜欢听音乐
(三)分词精讲:
包括现在分词 ding和过去分词 dne
1、现在分词:表主动和进行
现在分词作定语时,The by sitting there is my brther.坐在那里的男孩是我弟弟
“sitting there” 修饰 “by”,表示主动和进行的动作
作状语时,可表时间、原因、伴随等,Walking in the street, I met an ld friend.
我走在街上时,遇到了一位老朋友,表时间。
2、过去分词:表被动和完成
(1)过去分词作状语
eg: Given mre time, I culd d it better.如果给我更多时间,我能做得更好,表条件。
辨析分词作状语
现在分词作状语时,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
过去分词作状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
部分过去分词作状语时不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表示一种状态。
常见的:lcated (坐落于), lst(迷路的), seated(坐着的), hidden(躲着的),
lst/absrbed/buried in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着), tired f(厌烦的), faced with(面对着)。
过去分词做状语解题技巧:
A、作状语的过去分词要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。
B、如句子的主语是分词动作的承受者,就用过去分词形式(dne)。
C、过去分词作状语相当于状语从句或者并列句,表示被动和完成。
D、带有连词的过去分词结构相当于一个省略句,省略的部分为主语+be的相应变化形式。The girl is very shy, and never speaks until spken t.
E、选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语,即与句子主语的逻辑关系,如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。
(2)过去分词作定语时
eg : a bk written by Lu Xun一本由鲁迅写的书
“written by Lu Xun” 修饰 “bk”,表被动
过去分词做定语解题技巧
过去分词作定语只有一个词时,通常放在被修饰的名词前面(但也有例外),是一个短语作定语时,就放在被修饰的名词之后。过去分词作定语时,被修饰的名词与过去分词之间是被动关系。
(2)以下过去分词作定语只表示完成,不表示被动:
a fallen leaf:落叶 the risen sun: 升起了的太阳
a faded rse:凋谢的玫瑰花 a retired wrker: 退休工人
an escaped prisner:逃犯 a returned student: 归国留学生
过去分词做定语注意:
现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主动关系,表示该动作的主动和进行。
表示心理状态的动词-ing形式,意为“令人……的”;动词-ed形式,意为“(人)感到……的”,也可修饰体现内心感受的lk,expressin,tears,smile,vice等名词。
(3)分词作宾补
重点关注
(一)使役动词have, get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点:
1、have sth. dne=get sth. dne让别人做某事;
2、have sb./sth. ding让……一直做某事;
3、get sth./sb. ding 使……开始做某事;
4、have sb. d sth. =get sb. t d sth. 让某人做某事。
(二)with的复合结构:
(1)with+宾语+ding表示主动,说明动作正在发生或经常发生
(2)with+宾语+dne表示被动或完成
(3)with+宾语+t d表示将要发生的动作。
The ld cuple ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dg fllwing them.
With such a shrt time left befre the deadline, it desn't seem likely that Jhn will finish the jb.
With a lt f wrk t d, she wasn't allwed t leave her ffice.
(三)只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语:
admit, avid, cnsider, escape(避开), imagine, mind, miss, practise, suggest, feel like, give up, put ff, bject t, lk frward t等。此外,have difficulty/truble (in) ding sth. ;have fun (in) ding sth. 等结构中也用动名词作宾语。
I avided mentining the subject in case he shuld be ffended.
It's quite ht tday. D yu feel like ging fr a swim?
避坑指南
考点(二)非谓语动词避坑指南精讲
1.避免混淆主被动关系:
确定非谓语动词的逻辑主语,判断其与非谓语动词的主被动关系。
如 “________ (cver) an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.” 中,“the GPNP” 是 “cver” 的逻辑主语,是主动覆盖面积,应填 “Cvering”,而不是 “Cvered”。
注意一些特殊情况,如 “wrth ding” 是固定搭配,用主动形式表被动意义,如 “The prblem is wrth discussing.”。
2.正确判断时态先后:
分析非谓语动词与谓语动词所表示动作的时间先后关系。
如 “________ (finish) his hmewrk, he went ut t play.” 中,“完成作业” 发生在 “出去玩” 之前,要用完成式 “Having finished”。
记住一些固定结构,如 “whether t d” 表示 “是否要做某事”,“T eat ne, yu have t decide whether t bite a small hle in it first.” 中不能用 “biting”。
3.区分谓语动词和非谓语动词:
一个句子中,如果已经有谓语动词,又没有连词连接其他动词,那么其他动词通常用非谓语形式。
如 “They represent the earth ________ (cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.” 中,没有连词,“represent” 是谓语动词,所以 “cme” 要用非谓语形式,“the earth” 与 “cme” 是主动关系,填 “cming”。
4.感官动词结构对比:
感官动词+宾语+d不定式:表示动作“全过程”
感官动词+宾语+ding分词:表示动作进行
被动式→be seen t d
使役动词变形法则:
主动态:make/have/let sb. d(不带t)
被动态:be made t d(必须加t)
注意:have sth. dne(表被动)
5.易错点对比
(1) stp t d vs stp ding
The lecturer stpped t drink water. (停下讲课去喝水)
The lecturer stpped explaining when the bell rang. (停止讲解动作)
(2) have sb d vs have sth dne
I’ll have the technician repair my laptp. (主动安排)
I’ll have my laptp repaired tmrrw. (被动委托)
6.注意独立主格结构:
当非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时,要使用独立主格结构,即 “逻辑主语(名词/代词)+非谓语动词”。
如 “The exam ________ (finish), we went hme.” 中,“exam” 与 “finish” 是被动关系,且 “exam” 不是句子主语 “we”,所以用 “finished”,构成独立主格结构。
对于 “with 复合结构”,如 “With the prblem ________ (slve), we can mve n.”,“prblem” 与 “slve” 是被动关系,应填 “slved”。
考点突破
考点(三)非谓语动词三大形式与考点突破
1、不定式考点突破
易错陷阱1:不定式省略t的几种特殊情况
感官动词后:
We bserved the chemical reactin prduce unexpected results in the lab experiment.
The researchers nticed the cmpund exhibit peculiar characteristics under the micrscpe.
使役动词后:
The prfessr had us analyze the Shakespearean snnet frm multiple perspectives.
Let me demnstrate hw t slve this differential equatin.
特殊结构:
Rather than rely slely n textbk knwledge, we shuld develp critical thinking skills.
易错陷阱2:不定式完成式(t have dne)的时态误判
Having failed t have cnsidered all variables, the research team had t red their experiment.
The thery appears t have been valid in this case.误用--应改为t be
2. 动名词考点体系
多重非谓语:
学生最易失分的3类陷阱
(1)伪谓语陷阱:
What he wanted ______ (achieve) was ______ (recgnize) as a pineer.
2. 隐藏被动关系:
The painting ______ (display) in the lbby needs ______ (restre).
3. 非谓语动词的完成式误用:
______ (wrk) in the lab fr years, he ______ (knw) all the equipment well.
正确:Having wrked(强调工作多年在先);knws
错误:Wrking(无法体现时间先后)
必背句式
考点(四)非谓语动词五种必背高分结构
1. Only t find结构(意外结果)
He rushed t the statin, nly t find the train had left.
2.形容词+不定式(情感表达)
I was astnished t discver the truth.
3.There being结构(原因说明)
There being n evidence, the case was dismissed.
4.介词+分词(精确描述)
The article discusses climate change, with rising temperatures being the fcus.
5.名词+不定式(同位说明)
His decisin t resign shcked everyne.
解题技巧
考点(五)英语非谓语动词解题技巧
(一)、解题核心:三步定位法
1、第一步:判断是否为非谓语动词 ,关键特征:句中已有谓语动词,且无连词连接其他动词时,需用非谓语形式。
Eg :The teacher came in,____ (carry) a bk.(句中已有谓语动词 “came”,无连词,故填非谓语 “carrying”)
2、第二步:确定逻辑主语 逻辑主语:非谓语动词动作的执行者或承受者,通常是句子的主语、宾语或修饰的名词。
Eg: ___(see) frm the hill, the city lks beautiful.(逻辑主语是 “the city”,城市“被看”,故用过去分词 “Seen”)
第三步:分析语态和时态 语态: 主动关系 → 用现在分词(ding)或不定式主动式(t d)。
被动关系 → 用过去分词(dne)、现在分词被动式(being dne)或不定式被动式(t be dne)。
时态: 非谓语动作与谓语动作同时发生 → 用一般式(ding/dne/t d)。
非谓语动作先于谓语动作 → 用完成式(having dne/having been dne/t have dne)。
eg:______ (finish) his hmewrk, he went t bed. (“完成作业” 先于 “上床睡觉”,主动关系,故用完成式 “Having finished”)
(二)三大非谓语动词解题要点
1、不定式(t d) 常见考点:
目的状语:句首或句末表目的,用 “t d”。
eg:He studies hard ______ (enter) a gd university.(填 “t enter”)
固定搭配: 后接不定式作宾语:want, hpe, decide, plan, agree 等。
后接不定式作宾补:ask, tell, allw, persuade 等(ask sb. t d)。
被动式与完成式: 被动式:t be dne(表 “即将被做”)。
eg:The task ______ (cmplete) tmrrw is imprtant.(填 “t be cmpleted”)
完成式:t have dne(表动作先于谓语)
eg:He seems ______ (knw) the truth already.(填 “t have knwn”)
2、动名词(ding) 常见考点:
作主语 / 宾语: 固定搭配:enjy, mind, suggest, avid, practice 等后接动名词
特殊词:frget, remember, regret 后接动名词表已做之事,接不定式表未做之事。
eg:I remember ______ (lck) the dr.(已锁门,填 “lcking”) 逻辑主语:动名词的逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
eg:D yu mind my/Jack’s leaving early?
3、分词(现在分词 / 过去分词)核心区别:
现在分词(ding):表主动、进行(如 a sleeping by)
过去分词(dne):表被动、完成(如 a brken cup)
常见考点: 作定语:单个分词前置,短语分词后置。
eg:The man ______ (stand) there is my teacher.(填 “standing”)
作状语:分词短语作状语时,逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致。
eg:______ (hear) the news, she cried.(逻辑主语是 “she”,主动关系,填 “Hearing”)
(三)快速记忆口诀
非谓语,三要点,逻辑主语是关键;
主动进行 ing,被动完成用 ed;
目的将来 t d 记,时态先后看完成;
固定搭配多积累,连词有无断句型。
模拟精练
考点(六)非谓语动词模拟精练
一、单项选择
1.(2025·天津·一模)Internatinal theme park peratrs are seeking t invest in Chinese market, ________ the success f Shanghai Disney Resrt and Universal Beijing Resrt.
A.fllwingB.having fllwedC.t be fllwingD.fllwed
2.(2024·山东·三模)Helen’s smartphne desn’t wrk. She has t get it ________.
A.t be repairingB.repairingC.t repairD.repaired
3.(2024·天津河北·二模)Nwadays dctrs can perfrm incredibly precise peratins ______ advanced rbtics and live imaging technlgy.
A.usingB.usedC.having usedD.having been used
4.(2024·山东济南·二模)--I’m sure yu have a plan.
--Erm, yes, we are cnsidering ______a trip arund the island.
A.takeB.t takeC.t be takingD.taking
5.(2024·天津河北·一模)When Mrs Smith arrived at her cmpany, she saw her ffice ________ dark blue by sme wrkers.
A.t paintB.paintingC.being paintedD.t be painted
6.(22-23高一下·甘肃兰州·期末)It was at 3 in the mrning ________ the earthquake happened. Hundreds were killed, with a lt ________ in the ruins.
A.that; buriedB.when; buried
C.that; buryingD.when; burying
7.(2025·天津河北·一模)The YangBOT prgram at the 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, _________ thusands f “likes” and lts f gd cmments frm the public nline, is a perfect mix f China’s tech prgress and cultural pride.
A.drawnB.having drawnC.t drawD.having been drawn
8.(2025·天津河北·二模)We’d better put ff interviewing the athlete, fr he is busy preparing fr an internatinal cntest in Beijing sn.
A.heldB.t hld
C.being heldD.t be held
9.(2024·天津·高考真题)The rganizers had t cancel the utdr cncert due t the sudden thunderstrm, _________ many eager fans wh had been waiting fr hurs.
A.disappintingB.t disappint
C.having disappintedD.disappinted
10.(2024·天津·高考真题)The fence between the tw tennis curts _________. Sn children will have enugh space fr ftball games.
A.are remvedB.is t be remved
C.were t be remvedD.was being remved
二、语法填空
11.(24-25高一上·广东惠州·期末)It is wrthwhile (cnsider) the suggestin put frward at the cnference. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12.(24-25高一上·广东东莞·期末)The child pretended (be) a dctr, giving his teddy bear a check-up. (所给词的适当形式填空)
13.(24-25高一上·广东揭阳·期末)Lts f cultural relics are likely (destry) if a new dam is built. (所给词的适当形式填空)
14.(24-25高一上·江苏南通·期末)The yung prfessr is said (study) abrad befre, but I dn’t knw which cuntry he studied in. (所给词的适当形式填空)
15.(24-25高一上·北京密云·期末)The increase f turism during the Natinal Day hliday in 2024 made the travel industry e (赚得;挣钱) a big prfit. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
16.(24-25高一上·江苏·期末)My teacher recmmended (read) the bk befre seeing the mvie. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17.(23-24高一下·江苏·期末)There is n dubt that (expse) t t much radiatin pses a threat t health. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18.(23-24高一下·广东惠州·期末)At present, these animals are well prtected frm (hunt). (所给词的适当形式填空)
19.(23-24高二上·福建厦门·期中)His (admit) t that famus university surprised us all fr he was absent frm schl fr a whle year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
20.(23-24高二上·广东肇庆·期中)The knife needs (edge), because it’s nt sharp. (所给词的适当形式填空)
21.(24-25高一上·福建莆田·期末) (live) with the girl fr 5 years, we all knw her very well. (所给词的适当形式填空)
22.(24-25高一上·吉林长春·期末)The twer (measure) 30 meters high was pulled dwn the ther day. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23.(24-25高一上·广东汕头·期末)The stne steps, (date) back t 1855, actually began t wear. (所给词的适当形式填空)
24.(24-25高一上·江苏无锡·期末)Susan repeated three imprtant pints in her speech, (stress) what makes a gd speaker. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25.(24-25高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期末) (judge) frm his expressin, I culd tell he was cntent with the result. (所给词的适当形式填空)
26.(24-25高一上·河北石家庄·期末) (trap) under the ruins, the survivrs tried every pssible means t make themselves heard. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27.(24-25高一上·广东揭阳·期末)The cmmittee (establish) last year hlds a meeting every mnth. (所给词的适当形式填空)
28.(24-25高一上·内蒙古赤峰·阶段练习)We had the package (deliver) t ur wrkplace last week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
29.(16-17高一下·广东东莞·期末)Teenagers (bring) up in the cuntryside seem t be mre independent than thse living in cities.
30.(23-24高一下·黑龙江鹤岗·期末)She std there with her arms (fld ), lking very angry. (所给词的适当形式填空)考点(一)
非谓语动词的形式与功能
考点(二)
非谓语动词避坑指南精讲
考点(三)
非谓语动词三大形式与考点突破
考点(四)
非谓语动词五种必背高分结构
考点(五)
非谓语动词解题技巧
考点(六)
非谓语动词模拟精练
不定式作主语:
1.不定式作主语:动词用单数。T d mrning exercises is useful fr ur health.
2.表示具体的某次动作,特别是将来发生的动作,多用不定式作主语。表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时,多用ding作主语。
3.it是形式主语,不定式是真正主语;f sb和fr sb是不定式的逻辑主语:
(1)It is/was + 形容词(fr sb)t d sth.
形容词通常用fr sb作逻辑主语:easy, hard, difficult, imprtant, necessary, impssible, pssible, safe, dangerus, unusual, wnderful…。常用fr sb作逻辑主语。
1)It is plite (f yu) t respect the ld.
2)It is imprtant (fr us) t d as the Rmans d.
(2)It is/was + 形容词(f sb)t d sth.
赞扬、责备的形容词常用f sb作逻辑主语:wrng, right, kind, nice, brave, careful, careless, greedy, hnest, lazy, mdest, selfish, thughtful, implite, plite, clever, flish, silly, stupid, cruel, rude, generus,cnsiderate…
动词不定式作状语
(1)动词不定式作目的状语时,常位于句首或句中,形式上可用in rder t d,s as t d,t d等,但s as t d不能置于句首,可用s as t/in rder t替换,译为:为了;想要
In rder t pass the exam,he wrked hard.为了通过考试,他努力学习。
(2)动词不定式作结果状语时常用于下列结构中,常表示出乎意料的结果:nly t d;enugh t d足够做……;t... t d... 太……而不能……;s/such... as t... 如此……以至于……
Tm tk a taxi t the airprt, nly t find his plane high up in the sky.
He is such a gd teacher as t be respected by all his students.
(3)作原因状语,常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+t d”结构中。
这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap,expensive,fit,cmfrtable,dangerus,heavy,gd,imprtant,impssible,surprised,astnished, delighted, disappinted 等。
We were astnished t find the temple still in its riginal cnditin.
He was surprised t be infrmed f the news.
不定式作定语:
(1)常接不定式作定语的词有:chance,pprtunity,ability,decisin,right(权利),不定代词等。
The ability t express an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.
Tday I have nthing/smething t say at the cnference.
(2)不定式作定语,修饰序数词等
She was the first/secnd/third/tenth (student) t cme t schl tday.
重难点:
在feel, hear, listen t, lk at, see, watch, ntice, let, make, have等动词在主动语态时,后面作宾语补足语接的动词前不能加t; 但以上动词如为被动语态,后面接的动词前要加t。
Paul desn’t have t be made t learn. He always wrks hard.
The teacher is ften listened t t sing the English sng at hme.
重难点:
表示被动、完成用过去分词(dne);
表示主动、进行用现在分词(ding);
表示被动、进行用being dne;
表示主动、尚未进行用t d;
表示被动的动作尚未进行用t be dne。
试比较:1.The bridge built recently was designed by a lcal cmpany.
2.Tday there are mre airplanes carrying mre peple than ever befre in the sky.
3.The bridge being built nw was designed by a lcal cmpany.
4.The questin t be discussed at tmrrw's meeting is very imprtant.
过去分词做定语解题技巧
1. 使役动词have, get, make, leave, keep等后可用过去分词或现在分词做宾语补足语。
She raised her vice t make herself heard by all the peple in the hall.
她提高了嗓音让大厅里的人都能听得见她说的话。
2. 感官动词see, hear, ntice, bserve, watch, feel, find等后,可用过去分词或现在分词做宾语补足语。
I saw an ld man kncked dwn by a car just nw. 刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
3. 表示“意愿;命令”的动词,如like, want, wish, rder等后,可用过去分词做宾语补足语,相当于过去分词前省略了t be。
They are talking abut the plan they wish carried ut next year.他们正在谈论着希望明年能实施的那个计划。
4. 在“with +宾语+过去分词”结构中,过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语,过去分词与宾语之间为动宾关系。这一结构通常在句中做时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。
She usually wrks in her study with the dr lcked. 她通常锁着门在书房工作。
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