【新教材核心素养】人教版英语八上Unit 3 Same or Different 课时5 Section B（Vocabulary in use）（教学课件+教学设计）

Same or Different?Vocabulary in Use01 Lead in03 While-listening 02 Pre-listening04 Post-listening05 Summary 06 Language points07 Exercises 08 Homework学习目标In this unit, you will1. compare people and things. (学习理解) 2. discuss whether friends should be similar or different.(迁移创新）3. talk about how you are different from the past.(应用实践)4. discover why differences are important.(迁移创新)Lead inI need a few actors for my new movie. Could you help me find some?Sure, no problem.PresetationI need someone outgoing.shyoutgoingI need someone hardworking.hardworkinglazyI need someone direct.seriousdirectThank you!You’re welcome!Challenge2aPracticeFind the words hidden in the word snake. Then match them with the meanings.2adirectseriousshyoutgoinghardworkinglazyPresatation我们的汉字有偏旁部首，每个部首都有自己的意思，那你知道以下部首代表什么意思吗？江、河、湖、海狗、猫、狐、狼肥、腿、肺2b英文单词也有“部首”哦。在英语中，它们叫“词缀”。在单词前面叫“前缀”，单词后面叫“后缀”，中间部分叫“词根”lucky adj.幸运的 luckily adv. 幸运地 unluckily adv. 不幸地 后缀和“词性”有关；-ly 一般代表副词。前缀和“意思”有关；un- 一般代表否定。2b你知道吗？英文单词也有“部首”哦。在英语中，它们叫“词缀”。在单词前面叫“前缀”，单词后面叫“后缀”please v. 请；使开心pleasure n. 开心；荣幸pleasant adj. 开心的； (气候)宜人的different adj. 不同的 difference n. 不同点 2bNew vocabularyspecial adj. 特别的especially adv. 特别；尤其people n. 人们 population n. 人口2bNew vocabulary同根词：两者共享拉丁语词根 populus（人群） average（adj. 平均的; 普通的）词源演变：来自 古法语 avarie（12世纪），指“船只的损坏或损失”。进一步源自 阿拉伯语 ʿawārīya（عَوَارِيَّة），意为“损坏的货物”（中世纪地中海贸易术语）。在商业保险中，avarie 指“共同海损”（损失由船主和货主共同分担），由此引申出“按比例分摊”的概念。16世纪英语中，average 开始表示“算术平均数”，强调“均衡分配”的数学概念。造句：1. His IQ is above average.2. I was just an average sort of student.New vocabulary2bKilometre（千米/公里）kilometre = kilo-(千) + metre（米）类似构词法的单位centimetre（厘米，centi- = 百分之一）,缩写“cm”kilogram（千克），缩写“kg” 拼写差异（英式 vs. 美式）英式英语：kilometre美式英语：kilometer2bNew vocabularySpare（空闲的）1. 词源发展Spare 来自古英语 "spær"2. 语义演变古英语时期（5-11世纪）："Spær" 形容“数量稀少”或“使用节制”，如 spær land（闲置的土地）。中古英语时期（12-15世纪）：发展出动词含义 "sparen"（节省、保留），如 to spare money（省钱）。现代英语：形容词指“备用的”（a spare tire）或“空闲的”（spare time）。3. 词义关联逻辑若资源（时间、物品）被节省（spared），则自然成为闲置的（spare）状态。例：Save/spare money → 结果是有 spare cash（闲钱）。例句：Do you have any spare pens? I paint in my spare time.2bNew vocabularyPracticeComplete the sentences with the words in the box.2bpopulation pleasant pleasure differences especially average spare kilometres Lead-inWho is he?2cMark Twain 马克·吐温是美国作家、演说家。代表作品有《百万英镑》。他是美国批判现实主义文学的奠基人。Mark Twain was an American writer and orator. His representative works include "The Million Pound Note". He was the founder of American critical realism literature.Which of his works do you know? 《王子与贫儿》是马克·吐温的代表作，讲述王子爱德华和贫儿汤姆因意外互换身份的故事。汤姆在王宫享受富贵并暂代王位，而爱德华流落民间，历经磨难，在亨顿的帮助下成长。最终汤姆归还王位，爱德华成为仁慈的君主，与子民过上幸福生活。2c电影节选 “王子与贫儿互换身份”Presatationpersonality n. (人的)性格person n. (一个)人 alike adj. 相似的，相像的like prep. 像；如同 novel adj. 新颖的；创新的 n. 小说new adj. 新的 New 和 novel 最终都源自 原始印欧语词根 "newo-"（新的）；Novel 两个意思的关联：小说具有新颖性和创新性2cNew vocabularybesides prep. 除……之外（还）beside prep. 旁边的 这两个词都源自古英语 "be sīdan"，字面意思是 "在...旁边"；两个意思的关联：把事物放在一旁，即额外的，除此之外还有...PracticeComplete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.2c novel alike personality Besides difference ProductionMy Family and HometownThere are + 人数+ people in my family: my parents, my ..., and me. My father is ... than my mother. But my mother is ... than my father! My sister is as...as me, but I ... than her.We live in .... The average temperature of it in summer is... And the population of it is ...I love my family and my hometown because ... Introduce your family and your hometown, and try to use as many new words and comparative sentence structuresas as possible.SummaryMind mapLanguage pointsThey exchanged their lives by accident.（2c） ?Vocabulary意思： “偶然地；意外地”，相当于 "accidentally"。 它通常用于描述某事 并非故意发生，而是由于巧合或意外。基本用法：作状语，修饰动词结构： 主语 + 动词 + by accidentI found this old photo by accident.（我偶然发现了这张旧照片。）He broke the vase by accident.（他不小心打碎了花瓶。）1. They exchanged their lives by accident.（2c）2. He also realized that people’s lives were much harder than he expected.（2c） ?Vocabulary ex-作为前缀，代表“向外” Exchange（交换）词源分析：ex-（向外） + change（改变） → “向外改变” → “交换”（互相给予或接收）。例句：We exchanged phone numbers at the party.（我们在派对上交换了电话号码。）Expect（期待；预料）词源分析：ex-（向外） + spect（看，来自拉丁语 spectare）→ “向外看” → “期待、预料”例句：I expect him to arrive by 6 PM.（我预计他会在下午6点前到达。） They looked alike.（2c） ?Vocabulary构词：a- + like → alike（相似的）用法：作形容词时，仅作表语（即放在be动词、感官动词等系动词后面）。结构：A and B are / look alike（A 和 B 相似） 规则：a- + 形容词/名词 → 新形容词，表示一种状态。After becoming king, he made a difference by trying to help the people of his country. (2c) ? 意思： “产生影响；带来改变；起重要作用”，通常指积极的改变或影响。常见搭配：make a difference (to sb/sth) —— 对某人/某事有影响make a big/huge difference —— 产生很大影响make no/little difference —— 没有/几乎没有影响例句：AI can make a difference to people's lives. Your words made no difference to the homeless people.VocabularyThe population of Shanghai is much larger than that of Lanzhou.(2b) ?that 在这里替代的是 "the population"，相当于：The population of Shanghai is much larger than the population of Lanzhou.使用 that 可以使句子更简洁，避免重复。在比较句型（如 than, as...as）中，为了避免重复，常用 that（单数）/those（复数） 替代前面提到的名词。The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.The books on this shelf are more interesting than those on that shelf.GrammarExercisesThe main ____________ (character) in this novel are very interesting.The ____________ (population) of these two cities are quite different.She enjoys reading ____________ (novel) in her spare time.They ____________ (exchange) gifts at the Christmas party last year.I ____________ (expect) him to arrive earlier, but he was late.She always ____________ (expect) the best from her students.His kindness makes a big____________ (different) in our hometown.The twins look very ____________ (like), but their personalities are different.The weather in this city these days is ____________ (please), neither too hot nor too cold.I found this old photo ____________ accident while cleaning my room.He is ____________ (especial) good at working out math problems.单句填词 characters populations novels exchanged expected expects differencealike pleasantby especiallyHomework基础：Use the words you learned today to form 1-2 sentences each.拓展：Write a story using the new words you learned today. Use as many as possibleHomeworkThank you