上海市延安中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中英语考试卷 （原卷版）-A4

这是一份上海市延安中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中英语考试卷 （原卷版）-A4，共13页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（时间：105分钟 满分115）
Ⅰ. Grammar and Vcabulary（20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passages belw fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Fr a place with a reputatin fr sticism (坚忍克己), Britain is remarkably pen abut mental health. The British are mre likely than peple in any ther rich cuntry t think that mental illness is a disease like any ther. The imprtance f gd mental health is a cause vigrusly champined by everyne. Britns were nce encuraged t hide their feelings; nw they are urged t seek supprt.
Much f the rich wrld has struggled with rising rates f self-reprted mental-health prblems, particularly since the cvid-19 pandemic. But the numbers in Britain are startling. Arund 4.5 millin Britns were in cntact with mental-health services in 2021-2022, a rise f almst 1 millin in five years. In the past decade n ther Eurpean cunty ___1___ (see) a greater increase in the use f antidepressants (抗抑郁药). A Natinal Health Service (NHS) survey in 2023 fund that ne in five 8- t 16-year-lds in England had a prbable mental disrder, up frm ne in eight in 2017. In 17- t 19-year-lds the figure had increased frm ne in ten t ne in fur. The number f peple wh are ut f wrk with mental-health cnditins has risen ___2___ a third between 2019 and 2023.
It is gd that peple d nt feel they ___3___ bttle things up and the suffering frm mental illnesses is real. Awareness f mental health has diminished the stigma (羞耻) f sme cnditins and revealed that many Britns’ needs are nt met. But awareness has caused damage, t.
Fr all their gd intentins, campaigns ___4___ (intend) t raise awareness are leading sme peple t cnflate (将……混为一谈) nrmal respnses t life’s difficulties with mental-health disrders. Special treatment creates incentives fr peple t seek diagnses and t medicalize prblems unnecessarily. The need t treat peple with ___5___ (mild) cnditins cmpetes with care fr thse wh have mre severe nes.
Start with the idea that mental health has becme a catch-all term. The sheer prprtins f peple ___6___ say they have a disrder is a red flag. Sme 57% f university students claim t suffer frm a mental-health issue; ver three-quarters f parents with schl-age children sught help r advice ver their child’s mental health in 2021-22. In surveys Britns increasingly describe grief and stress as mental illnesses, redefining ___7___ sickness is understd. Mst cnditins d nt yet have bjective bimarkers, s self-reprted symptms weigh heavily in fficial statistics and in diagnstic prcesses.
Peple have incentives t label mild frms f distress as a disrder. In 2022 mre than a quarter f 16- and 18-year-lds in British schls were given extra time in fficial exams because f a health cnditin. Evidence f a mental-health prblem can unlck welfare payments. Certificatin need nt cme frm an NHS dctr: plenty f private clinics stand ready t prvide ___8___. Firms may prefer t label stress a disrder ___9___ deal with the cnsequences f acknwledging that wrking cnditins are pr. The highest rates f diagnsed depressin ccur amng England’s prest peple, but the gvernment prbably prefers prescribing antidepressants t _____10_____ (try) t slve pverty.
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
In 1784, five years befre he became president f the United States, Gerge Washingtn, 52, was nearly tthless. S he hired a dentist t transplant int his jaw nine teeth, which have been ____11____ frm the muths f his slaves.
That’s far different image frm the cherry tree chpping Gerge mst peple remember frm their histry bks. But recently, many histrians have begun t fcus n the rles slavery played in the lives f the funding generatin. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made ____12____ in 1998, which almst certainly prved Thmas Jeffersn had fathered at least ne child with his slave Sally Hemings. And nly ver the past 30 years have schlars examined histry frm the bttm up. Wrks f several histrians reveal the mral ____13____ made by the natin’s early leaders and the fragile nature f the cuntry’s infancy. Mre significantly, they argue that many f the Funding Fathers knew slavery was wrng and yet mst did little t fight it.
Mre than anything, the histrians say, the funders were ____14____ by the culture f their time. While Washingtn and Jeffersn privately expressed distaste fr slavery, they als understd that it was part f the plitical and ecnmic ____15____ f the cuntry they helped t create.
Fr ne thing, the Suth culd nt affrd t part with its slaves. Owning slaves was “like having a large bank accunt,” says Wiencek, authr f An Imperfect Gd: Gerge Washingtn, His Slaves and the Creatin f America. The suthern states wuld nt have signed the Cnstitutin withut prtectins fr the “peculiar institutin,” including a clause that ____16____ a slave as three fifths f a man fr purpses f cngressinal representatin.
And the statesmen’s plitical lives depended n slavery. The three-fifth frmula handed Jeffersn his narrw victry in the presidential electin f 1800 by ____17____ the vtes f the suthern states in the Electral Cllege. Once in ffice, Jeffersn ____18____ slavery with the Luisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved int 13 states, including three slave states.
Still, Jeffersn freed Hemings’s children — thugh nt Hemings herself r his apprximately 150 ther slaves. Washingtn, wh had begun t believe that all men were created equal after bserving the bravery f the black sldiers during the Revlutinary War, vercame the strng ppsitin f his relatives t ____19____ his slaves their freedm in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act wuld have required legislative _____20_____ in Virginia.
Ⅱ. Reading Cmprehensin（45分）
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Better diagnses. Persnalized supprt fr patients. Faster drug discvery. Greater efficiency. Artificial intelligence (AI) is generating excitement and hyperble (夸张) everywhere, but in the field f health care it has the ptential t be ____21____. In Eurpe analysts predict that deplying AI culd save hundreds f thusands f lives each year; in America, they say, it culd als save mney, shaving $200 t $360 billin frm verall annual medical spending, nw $4.5 trillin a year (r 17% f GDP). Frm smart stethscpes (听诊器) and rbt surgens t the analysis f large data sets r the ability t chat t a medical AI with a human face, pprtunities ____22____.
There is already evidence that AI systems can enhance ____23____ accuracy and disease tracking, imprve the predictin f patients’ utcmes and suggest better treatments. It can als bst efficiency in hspitals and surgeries by ____24____ tasks such as medical transcriptin and mnitring patients, and by streamlining administratin. It may already be ____25____ the time it takes fr new drugs t reach clinical trials. New tls, including generative AI, culd supercharge these abilities. Yet as ur Technlgy Quarterly this week shws, ____26____ AI has been used in health care fr many years, integratin has been slw and the results have ften been f average standard.
There are gd and bad reasns fr this. The gd reasns are that health care demands high evidentiary ____27____ when intrducing new tls, t prtect patients’ safety. The bad reasns invlve data, regulatin and incentives. Overcming them culd hld lessns fr AI in ther fields.
AI systems learn by prcessing huge vlumes f data, smething health-care prviders have in abundance. But health data is highly fragmented; strict rules cntrl its use. Gvernments recgnize that patients want their medical ____28____ prtected. But patients als want better and mre persnalized care. Each year rughly 800,000 Americans suffer frm pr medical decisin- making.
Imprving accuracy and reducing ____29____ in AI tls requires them t be trained n large data sets that reflect patients’ full diversity. Finding secure ways t allw health data t mve mre freely wuld help. But it culd benefit patients, t: they shuld be given the right t ____30____ their wn recrds in a digital frmat. Cnsumer-health firms are already making use f data frm wearables, with varying success. ____31____ patients’ recrds wuld let peple make fuller use f their data and take mre respnsibility fr their health.
Anther prblem is managing and ____32____ these innvatins. In many cuntries the gvernance f AI in health, as in ther areas, is struggling t keep up with the rapid pace f innvatin. Regulatry authrities may be slw t apprve new AI tls r may lack capacity and expertise. Gvernments need t ____33____ regulatrs assessing new AI tls. They als need t fill regulatry gaps in the surveillance f adverse events, and in the cntinuus mnitring f algrithms t ensure they remain accurate, safe, effective and transparent.
That will be hard. One slutin wuld be fr cuntries t wrk tgether, t learn frm each ther and create minimum glbal standards. A less ____34____ internatinal regulatry system wuld als help create a market in which small cmpanies can innvate. Prer cuntries, with less develped health infrastructure, have much t gain frm intrducing new tls, such as an AI-pwered prtable ultrasund device fr bstetrics. Because the ____35____ t an AI tl is ften n treatment at all, they may even be able t leapfrg the entrenched health systems f rich cuntries — thugh a lack f data, cnnectivity and cmputing pwer will get in the way.
21. A. transfrmatinalB. exaggeratedC. infrmativeD. capitalized
22. A. ppularizeB. dminateC. utstandD. flurish
23. A. technlgicalB. administrativeC. diagnsticD. theretical
24. A. getting intB. taking nC. breaking thrughD. hanging ut
25. A. speedingB. devtingC. budgetingD. killing
26. A. wheneverB. sinceC. unlessD. althugh
27. A. certificatesB. barriersC. interventinsD. qualificatins
28. A. interestB. insuranceC. symptmD. privacy
29. A. rumrsB. misfrtunesC. biasD. defeats
30. A. accessB. clarifyC. investigateD. preserve
31. A. ChrnlgicalB. AuthenticC. PrtableD. Dcumentary
32. A. advancingB. explitingC. resistingD. regulating
33 A. dismissB. anticipateC. facilitateD. stimulate
34. A. exclusiveB. prblematicC. cmplexD. indulgent
35. A. cunterpartB. alternativeC. rivalD. cntrary
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
When I was a little by in Brazil, I became fascinated with histry, read The Lst Wrld, the Arthur Cnan Dyle bk that inspired Jurassic Park, and dreamed f becming an archaelgist like Indiana Jnes. I wanted t travel the wrld t search fr hidden treasures, buried fr centuries. When I read abut the Terractta Warrirs in Xi’an, they carved ut a special place in my imaginary future. I was amazed at hw smething s magnificent culd be hidden frm plain view fr s lng.
Back then I had n idea that China was the furthest place n earth frm my birth-place and I culd definitely nt imagine living there when I grew up. But here I am. And after almst three years f wrking in Beijing, I finally fund the pprtunity t visit the site I had imagined fr s lng.
I was very impressed with Xi’an. If yu’re int histry, it’s the place t g. It has the necessary infrastructure t attract freign turists such as signs in prper English and restaurants everywhere. I stayed inside the ld city walls, which is an area definitely wrth checking ut, and fund it extremely cnvenient. With help frm my smartphne I was able t easily catch a bus r subway t all the sites I wanted t see.
One great spt is the Giant Wild Gse Pagda, which was built several centuries ag and twers ver a park with a temple. If yu have enugh stamina and patience t climb crwded narrw stairs with heavy traffic bth directins, it’s wrth ding. The summit prvides a clear view f the famus Bell Twer.
Still, my favrite is Small Wild Gse Pagda. The larger pagda appears fresh ff restratin, as are many sites in China; I was pleasantly surprised t see that the little ne wasn’t. After several earthquakes, the building is partially crumbling, emanating authenticity. Yu can als ascend this ne, but its view features mstly mdem buildings.
After s much walking, ne needs t eat. A place nt t be missed in Xi’an is the Muslim Quarter, full f street vendrs selling exquisite and varying fds. There, everyne will find smething they like. Candy makers put n a shw fr turists by pulling and stretching caramel fr all t see. Butchers slice up animals befre yur eyes. Intestines, stmach and many ther ingredients dd t Westerners are barbecued r thrwn tgether in a sup. This small area surrunded by several msques was ne f the first Muslim settlements f China.
36. Which f the fllwing statements is prper t describe the authr when he was little?
A. He was interested in peple and bjects in ancient scieties.
B. He was gd at mathematics and dreamed f being an architect.
C. He liked carving sculptures ut f stnes and jade.
D. He was bsessed with reading nvels and aspired t be a sci-fi writer.
37. Which f the fllwing statements is true?
A. It’s easy fr the writer t travel t China and many f his relatives live there.
B. Xi’an is such a city as basts bth cultural heritages and mdern facilities.
C. Freigners tend t find difficulty in traveling in Xi’an with little English signs t instruct them.
D. The Giant Wild Gse Pagda verlks mstly mdern buildings.
38. Why des the writer prefer Small Wild Gse Pagda?
A. Because it has been freshly restred.
B. Because it represents itself in an riginal way.
C. Because turists can enjy a bird’s eye view f natural scenery after ascending it.
D. Because there is a famus snack street nearby.
39. Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true abut the Muslim Quarter?
A. Peple can enjy fds catering t different tastes there.
B. Peple can see clearly whether the meat is fresh there befre buying.
C. Freigners may nt be accustmed t eating sme f the fd there.
D. Nt until recently did the Muslim cmmunity start t live there.
(B)
The secret histry f spies
Yu might have seen spies in mvies, dressed in cl utfits and using high-tech gadgets, but did yu knw that spying has been arund fr thusands f years? Check ut this timeline t learn abut spies frm different perids in histry.
40. Aztec spies were nicknamed “mice” due t their ______.
A. small and quick mvementsB. nighttime activities fr spying
C. expertise in hiding in dark placesD. use f undergrund spaces fr secret peratins
41. Which f the fllwing spies used secret cdes t send messages t fellw spies?
A. Mata HariB. Harriet TubmanC. Anna StrngD. Sir Francis Walsingham
42. What can we knw abut spies thrughut histry?
A. Spying bas been arund fr a thusand years.
B. Mdem spies depend heavily n cl tls and utfits fr the peratins.
C. The ways f spying have remained unchanged thrughut histry.
D. Different cultures had their wn spies with unique methds.
(C)
It’s nt the crime but the cver-up. And it’s nt the vide but the reverberatins (反响). In the past few weeks the term “quiet quitting” has entered cnversatins abut the wrkplace. A 17-secnd clip n TikTk, a scial-media platfrm, in which an American called Zaid Khan embraces the ntin f nt ging abve and beynd at wrk, has caused an awful lt f nise.
The vide itself is amazingly andyne (止痛的). A pian tinkles (发出叮当响). Brmides (陈词滥调) such as “Wrk is nt yur life” and “Yur wrth is nt defined by yur prductive utput” flash n the screen. Mr. Khan implies that time nt spent hustling at wrk can be better spent playing with a bubble machine and admiring trees.
Dull r nt, it stamped n a nerve. Wrkers apprvingly shared their stries abut deciding nt t wrk vertime, abut priritizing wrk-life balance and abut ding enugh t get their jb dne withut succumbing t burnut. Several bsses prmptly lst their mrings (支撑点). Kevin O’Leary, a businessman-cum-televisin-persnality, called it “the dumbest idea I’ve ever heard”. Arianna Huffingtn, anther entrepreneur, wrte a LinkedIn pst in which she described quiet quitting “as a step twards quitting n life”.
The fact that sme emplyees feel unenthused abut their wrk is hardly new. In all wrkplaces emplyees shw varying degrees f cmmitment t their jbs. Sme wrk late; thers leave at 5 ’clck sharp; a few seem t d little mre than respire (呼吸). A survey f wrkers arund the wrld by Gallup, a pllster, fund that nly 21% f them are engaged by their jbs. The very idea f ging abve and beynd requires a distributin f effrt, with less cmmitted clleagues prviding a baseline against which thers can be judged. The nature f the wrk als matters: It is easier t be engaged by sme jbs than thers. It is unsurprising, t, that quiet quitting has a particular resnance nw. Lts f emplyees feel detached frm their wrk.
The bargain f hard wrk fr higher pay is less attractive than it nce was. A successin f big shcks, frm the financial crisis f 2007-09 t the pandemic, has made career planning seem pintless t sme. Higher salaries g less far in many places: Husing affrdability is at its lwest level n recrd in Britain, accrding t Halifax, a lender. All f which may make sme wrkers less mtivated t pull all-nighters in search f a prmtin.
The meldramatic (情节剧的) reactin f sme bsses lks stranger at first glance. This is nt the start f a revlutin, after all. Mr. Khan’s pst may have garnered 3.5m views n TikTk but the mst viewed vide n the platfrm has been seen 2.2bn times. Even slackers need t make mney; shwing applicatin is still a pretty reliable way f getting ahead in the wrkplace.
Even s, fr many chief executives, it may well feel as thugh the grund is shifting in new and disturbing ways. Cnsider the types f peple wh tend t make it t the crner ffice. These are individuals wh almst certainly want t be n the highest rung f career ladder, wh are heavily influenced by mnetary incentives and wh have made wrk their life. Quiet quitting is simply nt in their make-up.
Yet ld certainties abut what mtivates peple have changed. The pursuit f purpse matters mre than it did during the frmative years f many f tday’s bsses. The mdern versin f Grdn Gekk wuld run a scial-impact fund and say “green is gd”. Research published last year shwed that cwrkers and culture matter mre t peple’s sense f jb satisfactin than pay, a blw t anyne wh thinks that the prspect f landing a bigger pay cheque is all it takes t gin up wild enthusiasm.
The quiet-quitting kerfuffle (混乱) tells a tale f tw alienated grups. One cmprises thse disenchanted emplyees wh wnder what the pint is f wrking themselves t the bne. The ther is a less bvius tribe: thse in the crprate elite whse way f thinking abut the wrkplace is under threat.
43. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing cases best exemplifies “quiet quitting”?
A. Rme quit his jb withut infrming his bss in advance.
B. Denis imprves her perfrmance slwly at the cst f due efficiency.
C. Patrick is ften absent frm wrk withut asking fr leave.
D. Leslie nly des the bare minimum at wrk.
44. Which f the fllwing statements is true?
A. Bsses n the whle are eager t advcate the idea f quiet quitting.
B. Mst emplyees are still effectively driven by the financial incentives t wrk harder.
C. “Quiet quitting” resnates with many emplyees, wh are becming less cmmitted t their jb nw.
D Even peple in the tp executive psitins identify with quiet quitting and start t take actin.
45. The writer mentined the example f “the mdern versin f Grdn Gekk” in Paragraph 8 t illustrate that ______.
A. recently prfits matter mst fr cmpanies even at the cst f damaging the envirnment
B. bsses at present have a sense f purpse in mind and priritize their emplyees’ jb satisfactin than ever befre
C. it’s a trend currently t add the ntin f envirnmental prtectin int a cmpany’s perating philsphy
D. businessmen nwadays value scial welfare much mre when running their business
46. Which ne is the best title fr the passage?
A. Lud Abut Quiet QuittingB. It’s Time t Lie Flat
C. The Current Wrking EnvirnmentD. N Time fr Quiet Quitting
Sectin C
Directins: Fill in each blank in the article with a prper sentence given belw. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Pedr, a gang leader at a prisn in Massachusetts, is a physically impsing man, with several teardrp tatts. Yet fr mst f his life he did nt knw hw t read r write. Mre than 70% f prisners in America have the literacy skills f a furth grade (nine-year-ld) pupil, r belw. Jining a prisn’s basic adult-educatin classes can ruin a gang leader’s reputatin. But Pedr’s prisn was pilting a prgramme that gives tablets t prisners and lets them study privately. One day, the warden (看守人) recalls, Pedr whispered t her: “I can read!”
____47____ In America ver 75% f prisners are re arrested within five years f release. A big reasn is their inability t find wrk. This pattern is cstly. A reprt frm RAND, a think-tank, fund that $1 invested in prisn educatin yielded $4 — 5 in taxpayer savings frm reduced incarceratin (监禁) csts in the three years after release.
Mst prisners have lng been barred frm using internet-enabled devices, n security grunds. ____48____ A “technlgy revlutin” is cming t prisn educatin, says Shannn Swain, a superintendent at Califrnia’s Department f Crrectins and Rehabilitatin that is rlling ut laptp-based educatin at prisns acrss the state.
Califrnia is amng at least 25 states t have deplyed tablets in prisns since 2016. In many states prisners can use them t btain the equivalent f a secndary schl diplma, t study fr prfessinal-licensing tests r, fr a few, t take cllege curses. In a few states prisners may als use them t watch films, listen t music and cntact pre-apprved family members. ____49____
A cllege educatin remains ut f reach fr mst, ntes Brian Hill, the chief executive f Edv, a prvider f educatinal tablets fr prisns. He says that tablets gives “mre pprtunity n a daily basis” t make chices abut their future, by allwing them t wrk n lessns that match their ability and interest.
In Maine’s prisns, prisners enrlled in educatinal prgrammes get their wn laptps with internet access. ____50____ Thse studying fr a degree may have email addresses (prisn staff must be cpied n exchanges) and lg int Zm classes frm their laptps.
A. But the cvid-19 pandemic, which led t extended jail lck-dwns that kept prisners stuck in their cells, frced a rethink.
B. Mre pen access t infrmatin can be a hard sell in places built t priritize security.
C. Mst f thse incarcerated (监禁的) will ne day re-enter sciety, at which pint these skills will matter even mre.
D. Advcates fr victims argue that prisners may use the internet t harass them.
E. Sme websites are blcked such as scial-media platfrms, and netwrk access is mnitred, but the state is experimenting with having fewer restrictins.
F. Educatin in prisn is widely knwn t reduce recidivism (再犯).
Ⅳ. Summary（10分）
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize in n mre than 60 wrds the main idea f the passage and hw it is illustrated. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Ways f parenting
It is evident that in bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisitin f each new skill — the first spken wrds, the first independent steps, r the beginning f reading and writing. It is cmmn t see parents hurry the child beynd his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerus feelings f failure and states f wrry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be frced t use a tilet t early, a yung child might be encuraged t learn t read befre he knws the meaning f the wrds he reads. On the ther hand, thugh, when a child is left alne t much, r withut any learning pprtunities, he lses his natural enthusiasm fr life and his desire t find ut new things fr himself.
Parenting practices ften stem frm the persnal needs and pririties f parents, as they aim t align their children’s upbringing with their wn gals and expectatins. At the same time, external influences subtly shape these appraches, with cmmunity values and scietal nrms playing an underlying rle in guiding decisins abut child-rearing. These intercnnected factrs tgether influence hw parents manage their children’s grwth and behavir.
As regards the develpment f mral standards in the grwing child, cnsistency is very imprtant in parental teaching. T frbid a thing ne day and excuse it the next is n fundatin fr mrality. Als parents shuld realize that “example is better than precept (戒律，准则)”. If they are nt sincere and d nt practice what they preach (说教), their children may grw cnfused and emtinally insecure when they grw ld enugh t think fr themselves, and realize they have been t sme extent fled. A sudden awareness f a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their mrals can be a dangerus disappintment.
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Ⅴ. Translatin（15分）
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using wrds given in the brackets.
52. 众所周知，陶渊明是中国古代一位杰出和有影响力的诗人，他写了一百三十余首诗。（acknwledge）（汉译英）
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53. 古代人并不知道季节变化会影响农作物的收成；相反，他们将丰收归功于祖先的庇护。(credit) (汉译英)
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54. 中国文化的独特魅力，无论是古老的建筑艺术还是博大精深的中医理论，都吸引了来自世界各地的人们。（appeal）(汉译英)
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55. 当下，网络上催人奋进的人和事被网友们贴上了“正能量”的标签，它们描述了普通人在逆境中不屈不挠的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章。（label）(汉译英)
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Ⅵ. Guided Writing（25分）
56. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
你是启明中学的王磊，你校学生会即将组织“中国传统节日文化体验与交流”系列活动，目前系列中的第一个活动的方案已在校园网发布，该活动将在4月2日举行，并面向全校师生征求意见。请写一封邮件，你的邮件必须包括以下内容：
1. 提出你觉得需要进行改进的地方和改进意见
2. 你的具体理由
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A. blcked B. extended C. apprval D. extracted E. dispse
F. cmprmises G. inflating H. cunted I. bedrck J. grant
K. available
1. ca (大约) 3100 B.C. -332 B.C.
Ancient Egyptian spies were sme f the first t use pisn t get the jb dne. T silence their enemies, they used killer methds which included pisns frm plants and snakes.
2. ca 1185-1600
The Japanese used spies called ninjas. These ninjas were experts in gathering secret infrmatin frm enemies and cmpetitrs. They were trained since childhd in sneaking arund and assassinating, but female ninjas wuld sneak int enemy lcatins by dressing up as dancers r servants.
3. ca 1325-1521
Aztec spies, called quimichtin, lived in what’s nw central Mexic. They were nicknamed “mice” because they wrked at night t hide while spying. Their jb was really dangerus, because if they gt caught, they culd be enslaved r even killed. That’s why they were paid mre than mst Aztec wrkers.
4. 1573 t 1590
Sir Francis Walsingham helped prtect Queen Elizabeth I f England by creating a netwrk f spies. They were skilled at reading cded letters and secretly pening and resealing envelpes cntaining infrmatin.
5 1775-1783
Befre he became president f what wuld sn becme the United States, Gerge Washingtn had a grup f spies called the Culper Spy Ring during the Revlutinary War. One f its members, Anna Strng, sent cded messages thrugh her laundry. She hung clthes accrding t clr and number t tell sldiers where secret messages were hidden. Fr example, a black dress and tw handkerchiefs might have meant “check the secnd clsest river.”
6. 1861-1865
Harriet Tubman is famus fr helping enslaved peple in the United States escape Nrth, where slavery was illegal. But she was als a spy during the Civil War. She made maps f the land s nrthern trps culd safely travel thrugh Suthern states.
7. 1960s
During the Cld War between the United States and the Sviet Unin (nw Russia), spy activities n bth sides increased. T help, intelligence agencies develped sneaky gadgets fr spies t eavesdrp and cllect infrmatin. One ppular device was the buttnhle camera, which culd be cntrlled-frm inside a cat pcket. It allwed spies t secretly take a pht by pening a fake buttn n the cat.
8. 1916
During Wrld War Ⅰ, there was a Dutch dancer called Mata Hari. She accepted an assignment t spy fr France in 1916 but actually wrked fr their enemy, Germany. She was fund guilty f telling the Germans secrets abut a new weapn that the French were using — the tank — and was put t death in 1917.
9. 2024
Tday, spies dn’t even need t leave their hmes t cllect secret infrmatin. They use cmputer prgrams called spyware frm anywhere in the wrld t track activity and access tp- secret infrmatin n faraway devices such as cmputers, tablets and smartphnes. Many cmpanies cnsider cyber espinage t be their number-ne threat.
活动方案：
✧ 主题：介绍清明节
✧ 形式：讲座
✧ 内容：介绍清明节的由来、传统以及其重要性