上海市延安中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中英语考试卷 （解析版）-A4

这是一份上海市延安中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中英语考试卷 （解析版）-A4，共22页。试卷主要包含了 has seen， milder 6， hw 8， rather than， trying， F 14， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（时间：105分钟 满分115）
Ⅰ. Grammar and Vcabulary（20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passages belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Fr a place with a reputatin fr sticism (坚忍克己), Britain is remarkably pen abut mental health. The British are mre likely than peple in any ther rich cuntry t think that mental illness is a disease like any ther. The imprtance f gd mental health is a cause vigrusly champined by everyne. Britns were nce encuraged t hide their feelings; nw they are urged t seek supprt.
Much f the rich wrld has struggled with rising rates f self-reprted mental-health prblems, particularly since the cvid-19 pandemic. But the numbers in Britain are startling. Arund 4.5 millin Britns were in cntact with mental-health services in 2021-2022, a rise f almst 1 millin in five years. In the past decade n ther Eurpean cunty ___1___ (see) a greater increase in the use f antidepressants (抗抑郁药). A Natinal Health Service (NHS) survey in 2023 fund that ne in five 8- t 16-year-lds in England had a prbable mental disrder, up frm ne in eight in 2017. In 17- t 19-year-lds the figure had increased frm ne in ten t ne in fur. The number f peple wh are ut f wrk with mental-health cnditins has risen ___2___ a third between 2019 and 2023.
It is gd that peple d nt feel they ___3___ bttle things up and the suffering frm mental illnesses is real. Awareness f mental health has diminished the stigma (羞耻) f sme cnditins and revealed that many Britns’ needs are nt met. But awareness has caused damage, t.
Fr all their gd intentins, campaigns ___4___ (intend) t raise awareness are leading sme peple t cnflate (将……混为一谈) nrmal respnses t life’s difficulties with mental-health disrders. Special treatment creates incentives fr peple t seek diagnses and t medicalize prblems unnecessarily. The need t treat peple with ___5___ (mild) cnditins cmpetes with care fr thse wh have mre severe nes.
Start with the idea that mental health has becme a catch-all term. The sheer prprtins f peple ___6___ say they have a disrder is a red flag. Sme 57% f university students claim t suffer frm a mental-health issue; ver three-quarters f parents with schl-age children sught help r advice ver their child’s mental health in 2021-22. In surveys Britns increasingly describe grief and stress as mental illnesses, redefining ___7___ sickness is understd. Mst cnditins d nt yet have bjective bimarkers, s self-reprted symptms weigh heavily in fficial statistics and in diagnstic prcesses.
Peple have incentives t label mild frms f distress as a disrder. In 2022 mre than a quarter f 16- and 18-year-lds in British schls were given extra time in fficial exams because f a health cnditin. Evidence f a mental-health prblem can unlck welfare payments. Certificatin need nt cme frm an NHS dctr: plenty f private clinics stand ready t prvide ___8___. Firms may prefer t label stress a disrder ___9___ deal with the cnsequences f acknwledging that wrking cnditins are pr. The highest rates f diagnsed depressin ccur amng England’s prest peple, but the gvernment prbably prefers prescribing antidepressants t _____10_____ (try) t slve pverty.
【答案】1. has seen
2. by 3. shuld##must
4. intended
5. milder 6. wh##that
7. hw 8. it
9. rather than
10. trying
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英国在心理健康问题上非常开放，英国人比其他富裕国家的人更容易认为精神疾病和其他疾病一样。良好心理健康的重要性是每个人都大力倡导的一项事业。
【1题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，没有任何一个欧洲国家的抗抑郁药物的使用有如此大的增长。根据上文In the past decade可知为现在完成时，主语为n ther Eurpean cunty，助动词用has。故填has seen。
【2题详解】
考查介词。句意：2019年至2023年间，有精神健康问题的失业人数增加了三分之一。短语rise by表示“增加了……”。故填by。
【3题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：人们不觉得他们应该/必须把事情藏起来，精神疾病的痛苦是真实的，这是件好事。后跟动词原形，且表示“应该”或“必须”用情态动词shuld或must。故填shuld/ must。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管他们的初衷是好的，但旨在提高人们意识的活动却导致一些人将对生活困难的正常反应与精神健康障碍混为一谈。be intended t d“旨在做某事”是固定搭配，此处省略be，用过去分词作定语。故填intended。
【5题详解】
考查比较级。句意：治疗病情较轻的人的需要与对病情较严重的人的护理竞争。根据后文mre severe可知用比较级milder。故填milder。
【6题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：说自己有精神障碍的人所占的比例是一个危险信号。定语从句修饰先行词peple，在从句作主语，指人，故填wh/ that。
【7题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：在调查中，越来越多的英国人将悲伤和压力描述为精神疾病，重新定义了对疾病的理解。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用hw。故填hw。
【8题详解】
考查代词。句意：认证不必来自NHS的医生：许多私人诊所随时准备提供认证。此处指上文Certificatin，应用代词it。故填it。
【9题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：公司可能更愿意给压力贴上一种疾病的标签，而不是去处理承认工作条件恶劣的后果。句型prefer t…rather than…表示“更愿意……而不是……”。故填rather than。
【10题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：被诊断为抑郁症的比例最高的是英格兰最贫穷的人群，但政府可能更喜欢开抗抑郁药，而不是试图解决贫困问题。短语prefer ding sth. t ding sth.表示“比起做某事……更喜欢做某事……”。故填trying。
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
In 1784, five years befre he became president f the United States, Gerge Washingtn, 52, was nearly tthless. S he hired a dentist t transplant int his jaw nine teeth, which have been ____11____ frm the muths f his slaves.
That’s far different image frm the cherry tree chpping Gerge mst peple remember frm their histry bks. But recently, many histrians have begun t fcus n the rles slavery played in the lives f the funding generatin. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made ____12____ in 1998, which almst certainly prved Thmas Jeffersn had fathered at least ne child with his slave Sally Hemings. And nly ver the past 30 years have schlars examined histry frm the bttm up. Wrks f several histrians reveal the mral ____13____ made by the natin’s early leaders and the fragile nature f the cuntry’s infancy. Mre significantly, they argue that many f the Funding Fathers knew slavery was wrng and yet mst did little t fight it.
Mre than anything, the histrians say, the funders were ____14____ by the culture f their time. While Washingtn and Jeffersn privately expressed distaste fr slavery, they als understd that it was part f the plitical and ecnmic ____15____ f the cuntry they helped t create.
Fr ne thing, the Suth culd nt affrd t part with its slaves. Owning slaves was “like having a large bank accunt,” says Wiencek, authr f An Imperfect Gd: Gerge Washingtn, His Slaves and the Creatin f America. The suthern states wuld nt have signed the Cnstitutin withut prtectins fr the “peculiar institutin,” including a clause that ____16____ a slave as three fifths f a man fr purpses f cngressinal representatin.
And the statesmen’s plitical lives depended n slavery. The three-fifth frmula handed Jeffersn his narrw victry in the presidential electin f 1800 by ____17____ the vtes f the suthern states in the Electral Cllege. Once in ffice, Jeffersn ____18____ slavery with the Luisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved int 13 states, including three slave states.
Still, Jeffersn freed Hemings’s children — thugh nt Hemings herself r his apprximately 150 ther slaves. Washingtn, wh had begun t believe that all men were created equal after bserving the bravery f the black sldiers during the Revlutinary War, vercame the strng ppsitin f his relatives t ____19____ his slaves their freedm in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act wuld have required legislative _____20_____ in Virginia.
【答案】11. D 12. K
13. F 14. A
15. I 16. H
17. G 18. B
19 J 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了美国开国者在对待奴隶制方面一些鲜为人知的、有的可能并不如我们想象的那么完美的一些事情和做法。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：于是，他雇了一位牙医，将从奴隶嘴里拔出的九颗牙齿移植到口部上。由上文“Gerge Washingtn, 52, was nearly tthless (52岁的乔治·华盛顿几乎没有牙齿)”可知，乔治·华盛顿移植的牙齿是从奴隶嘴里拔出来的，过去分词extracted(拔出)符合句意，故选D项。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们在一定程度上受到了1998年提供的DNA证据的鼓舞，这些证据几乎可以肯定地证明托马斯·杰斐逊与他的奴隶萨莉·赫明斯至少有一个孩子。由下文“which almst certainly prved Thmas Jeffersn had fathered at least ne child with his slave Sally Hemings (这些证据几乎可以肯定地证明托马斯·杰斐逊与他的奴隶萨莉·赫明斯至少有一个孩子)”可知，有可利用的DNA证据证实托马斯·杰斐逊与其奴隶有孩子，形容词available (可获得的、可供使用的)符合句意，故选K项。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：几位历史学家的作品揭示了该国早期领导人做出的道德妥协以及该国婴儿期的脆弱性。由下文“Mre significantly, they argue that many f the Funding Fathers knew slavery was wrng and yet mst did little t fight it. (更重要的是，他们认为许多开国元勋都知道奴隶制是错误的，但大多数人几乎没有采取任何行动来对抗奴隶制)”可知，许多开国元勋都知道奴隶制是错误的，但大多数未采取行动，说明他们做出了道德妥协，名词复数cmprmises (妥协)符合句意，故选F项。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：历史学家说，最重要的是，创始人受到了当时文化的阻碍。呼应上文“the mral ____3____ made by the natin’s early leaders (该国早期领导人做出的道德妥协)”和“Mre significantly, they argue that many f the Funding Fathers knew slavery was wrng and yet mst did little t fight it. (更重要的是，他们认为许多开国元勋都知道奴隶制是错误的，但大多数人几乎没有采取任何行动来对抗奴隶制)”讲许多开国元勋受到了当时文化的阻碍，只能做出道德妥协而未对奴隶制采取行动，过去分词blcked (阻碍)符合句意，故选A项。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然华盛顿和杰斐逊私下里对奴隶制表示厌恶，但他们也明白，奴隶制是他们帮助创建的国家的政治和经济基石的一部分。由本处语境可知，奴隶制是他们帮助创建的国家的政治和经济基石的一部分，名词bedrck (牢固基础)符合句意，故选I项。
【16题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果没有对“特殊制度”的保护，南方各州就不会签署宪法，包括一项条款，该条款在国会代表权中，一个奴隶被视为五分之三个公民。由下文“a slave as three fifths f a man”可知，此处指一个奴隶被视为五分之三个公民，体现奴隶地位的底下，过去式cunted (认为)符合句意，cunt…as…(把……看作)。故选H项。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：五分之三的公式通过膨胀南方各州在选举团中的选票，使杰斐逊在1800年的总统选举中险胜。结合常识可知美国南方奴隶众多，呼应上文“a clause that ____6____ a slave as three fifths f a man fr purpses f cngressinal representatin (该条款在国会代表权中，一个奴隶被视为五分之三个公民)”讲五分之三的公式的这条条款帮助杰斐逊当选总统，动名词inflating (膨胀)符合句意，故选G项。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：杰斐逊上任后，于1803年通过路易斯安那购地案扩大了奴隶制；这片新土地被划分为13个州，其中包括3个奴隶州。呼应上文“And the statesmen’s plitical lives depended n slavery. (政治家们的政治生活依赖于奴隶制)”讲杰斐逊反过来扩大奴隶制以有助于他的政治生涯，过去式extended (扩大)符合句意，故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：华盛顿在独立战争中看到黑人士兵的英勇行为后，开始相信人人生而平等。他不顾亲戚的强烈反对，在遗嘱中给予他的奴隶自由。由上文“Washingtn, wh had begun t believe that all men were created equal”可知，华盛顿认为白人黑人是平等的，同意给予他的奴隶自由，动词grant (同意，准予)符合句意，故选J项。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：就在十年前，这样的行为还需要弗吉尼亚州的立法批准。由上文“____9____ his slaves their freedm in his will (按照自己的意愿给予奴隶自由)”可知，此处指华盛顿释放奴隶的行为在十年前还需要弗吉尼亚州的立法批准，名词apprval (批准)符合句意，故选C项。
Ⅱ. Reading Cmprehensin（45分）
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Better diagnses. Persnalized supprt fr patients. Faster drug discvery. Greater efficiency. Artificial intelligence (AI) is generating excitement and hyperble (夸张) everywhere, but in the field f health care it has the ptential t be ____21____. In Eurpe analysts predict that deplying AI culd save hundreds f thusands f lives each year; in America, they say, it culd als save mney, shaving $200 t $360 billin frm verall annual medical spending, nw $4.5 trillin a year (r 17% f GDP). Frm smart stethscpes (听诊器) and rbt surgens t the analysis f large data sets r the ability t chat t a medical AI with a human face, pprtunities ____22____.
There is already evidence that AI systems can enhance ____23____ accuracy and disease tracking, imprve the predictin f patients’ utcmes and suggest better treatments. It can als bst efficiency in hspitals and surgeries by ____24____ tasks such as medical transcriptin and mnitring patients, and by streamlining administratin. It may already be ____25____ the time it takes fr new drugs t reach clinical trials. New tls, including generative AI, culd supercharge these abilities. Yet as ur Technlgy Quarterly this week shws, ____26____ AI has been used in health care fr many years, integratin has been slw and the results have ften been f average standard.
There are gd and bad reasns fr this. The gd reasns are that health care demands high evidentiary ____27____ when intrducing new tls, t prtect patients’ safety. The bad reasns invlve data, regulatin and incentives. Overcming them culd hld lessns fr AI in ther fields.
AI systems learn by prcessing huge vlumes f data, smething health-care prviders have in abundance. But health data is highly fragmented; strict rules cntrl its use. Gvernments recgnize that patients want their medical ____28____ prtected. But patients als want better and mre persnalized care. Each year rughly 800,000 Americans suffer frm pr medical decisin- making.
Imprving accuracy and reducing ____29____ in AI tls requires them t be trained n large data sets that reflect patients’ full diversity. Finding secure ways t allw health data t mve mre freely wuld help. But it culd benefit patients, t: they shuld be given the right t ____30____ their wn recrds in a digital frmat. Cnsumer-health firms are already making use f data frm wearables, with varying success. ____31____ patients’ recrds wuld let peple make fuller use f their data and take mre respnsibility fr their health.
Anther prblem is managing and ____32____ these innvatins. In many cuntries the gvernance f AI in health, as in ther areas, is struggling t keep up with the rapid pace f innvatin. Regulatry authrities may be slw t apprve new AI tls r may lack capacity and expertise. Gvernments need t ____33____ regulatrs assessing new AI tls. They als need t fill regulatry gaps in the surveillance f adverse events, and in the cntinuus mnitring f algrithms t ensure they remain accurate, safe, effective and transparent.
That will be hard. One slutin wuld be fr cuntries t wrk tgether, t learn frm each ther and create minimum glbal standards. A less ____34____ internatinal regulatry system wuld als help create a market in which small cmpanies can innvate. Prer cuntries, with less develped health infrastructure, have much t gain frm intrducing new tls, such as an AI-pwered prtable ultrasund device fr bstetrics. Because the ____35____ t an AI tl is ften n treatment at all, they may even be able t leapfrg the entrenched health systems f rich cuntries — thugh a lack f data, cnnectivity and cmputing pwer will get in the way.
21. A. transfrmatinalB. exaggeratedC. infrmativeD. capitalized
22. A. ppularizeB. dminateC. utstandD. flurish
23. A. technlgicalB. administrativeC. diagnsticD. theretical
24. A. getting intB. taking nC. breaking thrughD. hanging ut
25. A. speedingB. devtingC. budgetingD. killing
26. A. wheneverB. sinceC. unlessD. althugh
27. A. certificatesB. barriersC. interventinsD. qualificatins
28. A. interestB. insuranceC. symptmD. privacy
29. A. rumrsB. misfrtunesC. biasD. defeats
30. A. accessB. clarifyC. investigateD. preserve
31. A. ChrnlgicalB. AuthenticC. PrtableD. Dcumentary
32. A. advancingB. explitingC. resistingD. regulating
33. A. dismissB. anticipateC. facilitateD. stimulate
34. A. exclusiveB. prblematicC. cmplexD. indulgent
35. A. cunterpartB. alternativeC. rivalD. cntrary
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在医疗保健领域的潜力、挑战以及如何克服这些挑战以实现更好的医疗服务。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人工智能在各个领域引发了巨大热情和夸张宣传，但在医疗领域却具有变革的潜力。A. transfrmatinal变革的；B. exaggerated夸张的；C. infrmative信息量大的；D. capitalized资本化的。根据上文“Better diagnses. Persnalized supprt fr patients. Faster drug discvery. Greater efficiency.”可知，人工智能在医疗保健领域可以做出很多改进，所以这里表示它有变革性的潜力。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从智能听诊器、机器人外科医生，到大型数据集的分析，或是与拥有人类面孔的医疗人工智能进行聊天的能力，机会不断涌现、繁荣发展。A. ppularize普及；B. dminate统治；C. utstand突出；D. flurish繁荣。根据上文“Artificial intelligence is generating excitement and hyperble everywhere, but in the field f health care it has the ptential t be __1__. In Eurpe analysts predict that deplying AI culd save hundreds f thusands f lives each year; in America, they say, it culd als save mney, shaving $200 t $360 billin frm verall annual medical spending, nw $4.5 trillin a year (r 17% f GDP).”可知，人工智能在医疗保健领域有变革性的潜力，所以机会的发展和出现是繁荣的体现。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：已经有证据表明，人工智能系统可以提高诊断准确性和疾病追踪能力，改善对患者预后的预测，并提出更好的治疗方案。A. technlgical技术的；B. administrative管理的；C. diagnstic诊断的；D. theretical理论的。根据下文“accuracy and disease tracking, imprve the predictin f patients’ utcmes and suggest better treatments”可知，人工智能对诊断准确性的提升。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过接手医学抄写和病人监测等任务，并通过简化管理，AI可以提高医院和手术的效率。A. getting int进入；B. taking n承担；C. breaking thrugh突破；D. hanging ut闲逛。根据上文“It can als bst efficiency in hspitals and surgeries”可知，AI通过承担任务提高效率。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它可能已经加快了新药进入临床试验的时间。A. speeding加速；B. devting奉献；C. budgeting预算；D. killing杀死。根据下文“New tls, including generative AI, culd supercharge these abilities.”可知，包括生成式AI在内的新工具可以极大地增强这些能力，所以AI可以通过提升效率来加速进程。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，正如我们本周的技术季刊所示，尽管AI在医疗保健领域已经使用了多年，但整合速度缓慢，结果往往只是平均水平。A. whenever无论何时；B. since自从；C. unless除非；D. althugh尽管。根据上文“et as ur Technlgy Quarterly this week shws”以及下文“AI has been used in health care fr many years, integratin has been slw and the results have ften been f average standard.”可知，前后语境有对比转折关系。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的原因是，医疗保健在引入新工具时要求有高证明标准，以保障患者安全。A. certificates证书；B. barriers障碍；C. interventins干预；D. qualificatins资格。根据下文“when intrducing new tls, t prtect patients’ safety.”可知，医疗工具需要高标准的证明。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府认识到患者希望他们的医疗隐私得到保护。A. interest利益；B. insurance保险；C. symptm症状；D. privacy隐私。根据上文“AI systems learn by prcessing huge vlumes f data, smething health-care prviders have in abundance. But health data is highly fragmented; strict rules cntrl its use.”可知，AI系统通过处理大量数据来学习，而医疗保健提供者拥有大量的数据。但是，医疗数据高度分散，并且受到严格规则的控制。政府认识到患者不愿意分享的正是其隐私。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：提高AI工具的准确性和减少偏见需要它们在反映患者多样性的大型数据集上进行训练。A. rumrs 谣言；B. misfrtunes 不幸；C. bias 偏见；D. defeats 失败。根据上文“Imprving accuracy”以及下文“in AI tls requires them t be trained n large data sets that reflect patients’ full diversity.”可知，通过在大型数据集上进行训练，可以反映患者的全面多样性，从而减少偏见。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们应该被赋予以数字格式获取自己记录的权利。A. access获取；B. clarify 澄清；C. investigate调查；D. preserve保存。根据上文“Finding secure ways t allw health data t mve mre freely wuld help”以及“they shuld be given the right”可知，找到安全的方法让健康数据更自由地流动会有所帮助，因此这里表示患者应该有权获取自己的健康数据。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可携带的患者记录可以让人们更充分地利用他们的数据，并对自己的健康承担更多责任。A. Chrnlgical年代的；B. Authentic真实的；C. Prtable 可携带的；D. Dcumentary记录的。根据上文“they shuld be given the right t access their wn recrds in a digital frmat”可知，患者有权获取自己的健康数据，可携带的患者的记录将使人们能够更充分地利用这些数据。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个问题是管理和规管这些创新。A. advancing提升；B. expliting利用；C. resisting抵制；D. regulating规管。根据下文“In many cuntries the gvernance f AI in health, as in ther areas, is struggling t keep up with the rapid pace f innvatin.”可知，这里指的是管理和监管这些创新。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：政府需要为评估新AI工具的监管机构提供便利。A. dismiss解雇；B. anticipate预料；C. facilitate促进；D. stimulate刺激。根据上文“Regulatry authrities may be slw t apprve new AI tls r may lack capacity and expertise.”以及下文“They als need t fill regulatry gaps in the surveillance f adverse events, and in the cntinuus mnitring f algrithms t ensure they remain accurate, safe, effective and transparent.”可知，监管机构可能行动缓慢或缺乏能力和专业知识，因此政府需要促进监管机构评估新的人工智能工具。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：一个不太复杂的国际监管体系也将有助于创造小公司可以创新的市场。A. exclusive排外的；B. prblematic有问题的；C. cmplex复杂的；D. indulgent放纵的。根据上文“One slutin wuld be fr cuntries t wrk tgether, t learn frm each ther and create minimum glbal standards.”以及下文“internatinal regulatry system wuld als help create a market in which small cmpanies can innvate.”可知，一个解决方案是各国合作，相互学习并创建最低全球标准。所以不太复杂的国际监管体系将有助于创造一个让小公司能够创新的市场。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为对于人工智能工具的使用往往意味着根本没有其他治疗方法可供选择，所以他们甚至可能能够超越富裕国家根深蒂固的医疗体系 —— 尽管缺乏数据、连通性和计算能力会阻碍这一进程。A. cunterpart对应物；B. alternative替代物；C. rival竞争者；D. cntrary相反。根据下文“they may even be able t leapfrg the entrenched health systems f rich cuntries — thugh a lack f data, cnnectivity and cmputing pwer will get in the way.”可知，另一选择是没有使用AI工具，强调的是替代选择。故选B。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
When I was a little by in Brazil, I became fascinated with histry, read The Lst Wrld, the Arthur Cnan Dyle bk that inspired Jurassic Park, and dreamed f becming an archaelgist like Indiana Jnes. I wanted t travel the wrld t search fr hidden treasures, buried fr centuries. When I read abut the Terractta Warrirs in Xi’an, they carved ut a special place in my imaginary future. I was amazed at hw smething s magnificent culd be hidden frm plain view fr s lng.
Back then I had n idea that China was the furthest place n earth frm my birth-place and I culd definitely nt imagine living there when I grew up. But here I am. And after almst three years f wrking in Beijing I finally fund the pprtunity t visit the site I had imagined fr s lng.
I was very impressed with Xi’an. If yu’re int histry, it’s the place t g. It has the necessary infrastructure t attract freign turists such as signs in prper English and restaurants everywhere. I stayed inside the ld city walls, which is an area definitely wrth checking ut, and fund it extremely cnvenient. With help frm my smartphne I was able t easily catch a bus r subway t all the sites I wanted t see.
One great spt is the Giant Wild Gse Pagda, which was built several centuries ag and twers ver a park with a temple. If yu have enugh stamina and patience t climb crwded narrw stairs with heavy traffic bth directins, it’s wrth ding. The summit prvides a clear view f the famus Bell Twer.
Still, my favrite is Small Wild Gse Pagda. The larger pagda appears fresh ff restratin, as are many sites in China; I was pleasantly surprised t see that the little ne wasn’t. After several earthquakes, the building is partially crumbling, emanating authenticity. Yu can als ascend this ne, but its view features mstly mdem buildings.
After s much walking, ne needs t eat. A place nt t be missed in Xi’an is the Muslim Quarter, full f street vendrs selling exquisite and varying fds. There, everyne will find smething they like. Candy makers put n a shw fr turists by pulling and stretching caramel fr all t see. Butchers slice up animals befre yur eyes. Intestines, stmach and many ther ingredients dd t Westerners are barbecued r thrwn tgether in a sup. This small area surrunded by several msques was ne f the first Muslim settlements f China.
36. Which f the fllwing statements is prper t describe the authr when he was little?
A. He was interested in peple and bjects in ancient scieties.
B. He was gd at mathematics and dreamed f being an architect.
C. He liked carving sculptures ut f stnes and jade.
D He was bsessed with reading nvels and aspired t be a sci-fi writer.
37. Which f the fllwing statements is true?
A. It’s easy fr the writer t travel t China and many f his relatives live there.
B. Xi’an is such a city as basts bth cultural heritages and mdern facilities.
C. Freigners tend t find difficulty in traveling in Xi’an with little English signs t instruct them.
D. The Giant Wild Gse Pagda verlks mstly mdern buildings.
38. Why des the writer prefer Small Wild Gse Pagda?
A. Because it has been freshly restred.
B. Because it represents itself in an riginal way.
C. Because turists can enjy a bird’s eye view f natural scenery after ascending it.
D. Because there is a famus snack street nearby.
39. Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true abut the Muslim Quarter?
A. Peple can enjy fds catering t different tastes there.
B. Peple can see clearly whether the meat is fresh there befre buying.
C. Freigners may nt be accustmed t eating sme f the fd there.
D. Nt until recently did the Muslim cmmunity start t live there.
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. B 39. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者从小对历史和考古充满兴趣，成年后在北京工作多年后终于有机会参观儿时梦寐以求的西安，并分享了他在西安的所见所感。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When I was a little by in Brazil, I became fascinated with histry, read The Lst Wrld, the Arthur Cnan Dyle bk that inspired Jurassic Park, and dreamed f becming an archaelgist like Indiana Jnes. I wanted t travel the wrld t search fr hidden treasures, buried fr centuries.(当我还是个在巴西的小男孩时，我迷上了历史，读了阿瑟·柯南·道尔的《失落的世界》，这本书给了我侏罗纪公园的灵感，我梦想着成为印第安纳·琼斯那样的考古学家。我想环游世界去寻找埋藏了几个世纪的宝藏)”可知，作者小时候对古代社会的人和物很感兴趣。故选A。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“If yu’re int histry, it’s the place t g. It has the necessary infrastructure t attract freign turists such as signs in prper English and restaurants everywhere.(如果你对历史感兴趣，这里是你必去的地方。它有必要的基础设施来吸引外国游客，比如用合适的英语写的标志，到处都是餐馆)”可知，B选项“西安是一座文化遗产和现代化设施并存的城市”正确。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The larger pagda appears fresh ff restratin, as are many sites in China; I was pleasantly surprised t see that the little ne wasn’t. After several earthquakes, the building is partially crumbling, emanating authenticity. Yu can als ascend this ne, but its view features mstly mdem buildings.(较大的宝塔看起来刚刚修复，中国的许多地方也是如此；我又惊又喜地发现那个小家伙没有。经过几次地震，这座建筑部分摇摇欲坠，散发出真实感。你也可以登上这一层，但它的景观主要是现代建筑)”可知，作者更喜欢小雁塔是因为它以一种原始的方式表现自己。故选B。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This small area surrunded by several msques was ne f the first Muslim settlements f China.(这片被几座清真寺包围的小区域是中国最早的穆斯林聚居地之一)”可知，D选项“直到最近穆斯林社区才开始有人在那里生活”不正确。故选D。
(B)
The secret histry f spies
Yu might have seen spies in mvies, dressed in cl utfits and using high-tech gadgets, but did yu knw that spying has been arund fr thusands f years? Check ut this timeline t learn abut spies frm different perids in histry.
40. Aztec spies were nicknamed “mice” due t their ______.
A. small and quick mvementsB. nighttime activities fr spying
C. expertise in hiding in dark placesD. use f undergrund spaces fr secret peratins
41. Which f the fllwing spies used secret cdes t send messages t fellw spies?
A. Mata HariB. Harriet TubmanC. Anna StrngD. Sir Francis Walsingham
42. What can we knw abut spies thrughut histry?
A. Spying bas been arund fr a thusand years.
B. Mdem spies depend heavily n cl tls and utfits fr the peratins.
C. The ways f spying have remained unchanged thrughut histry.
D. Different cultures had their wn spies with unique methds.
【答案】40. B 41. C 42. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了历史上不同时期、不同国家的间谍。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中第三部分的句子“Aztec spies, called quimichtin, lived in what’s nw central Mexic. They were nicknamed “mice” because they wrked at night t hide while spying.(阿兹特克间谍，被称为quimichtin，生活在现在的墨西哥中部。他们的绰号是“老鼠”，因为他们在夜间工作，在间谍活动中隐藏起来。)”可知，阿兹特克间谍被称为“老鼠”是因为他们在夜间进行间谍活动。故选B项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中第五部分的句子“Befre he became president f what wuld sn becme the United States, Gerge Washingtn had a grup f spies called the Culper Spy Ring during the Revlutinary War. One f its members, Anna Strng, sent cded messages thrugh her laundry. She hung clthes accrding t clr and number t tell sldiers where secret messages were hidden.(在乔治·华盛顿成为即将成为美国的总统之前，他在独立战争期间有一群被称为卡尔珀间谍网的间谍。其中一名成员安娜·斯特朗通过她的洗衣店发送编码信息。她把衣服按照颜色和号码挂起来，告诉士兵秘密信息藏在哪里。)”可知，安娜·斯特朗使用密码向其他间谍发送信息。故选C项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章介绍的不同时期、不同国家的间谍可知，他们都有自己独特的从事间谍工作的方式。故选D项。
(C)
It’s nt the crime but the cver-up. And it’s nt the vide but the reverberatins (反响). In the past few weeks the term “quiet quitting” has entered cnversatins abut the wrkplace. A 17-secnd clip n TikTk, a scial-media platfrm, in which an American called Zaid Khan embraces the ntin f nt ging abve and beynd at wrk, has caused an awful lt f nise.
The vide itself is amazingly andyne (止痛的). A pian tinkles (发出叮当响). Brmides (陈词滥调) such as “Wrk is nt yur life” and “Yur wrth is nt defined by yur prductive utput” flash n the screen. Mr. Khan implies that time nt spent hustling at wrk can be better spent playing with a bubble machine and admiring trees.
Dull r nt, it stamped n a nerve. Wrkers apprvingly shared their stries abut deciding nt t wrk vertime, abut priritizing wrk-life balance and abut ding enugh t get their jb dne withut succumbing t burnut. Several bsses prmptly lst their mrings (支撑点). Kevin O’Leary, a businessman-cum-televisin-persnality, called it “the dumbest idea I’ve ever heard”. Arianna Huffingtn, anther entrepreneur, wrte a LinkedIn pst in which she described quiet quitting “as a step twards quitting n life”.
The fact that sme emplyees feel unenthused abut their wrk is hardly new. In all wrkplaces emplyees shw varying degrees f cmmitment t their jbs. Sme wrk late; thers leave at 5 ’clck sharp; a few seem t d little mre than respire (呼吸). A survey f wrkers arund the wrld by Gallup a pllster, fund that nly 21% f them are engaged by their jbs. The very idea f ging abve and beynd requires a distributin f effrt, with less cmmitted clleagues prviding a baseline against which thers can be judged. The nature f the wrk als matters: It is easier t be engaged by sme jbs than thers. It is unsurprising, t, that quiet quitting has a particular resnance nw. Lts f emplyees feel detached frm their wrk.
The bargain f hard wrk fr higher pay is less attractive than it nce was. A successin f big shcks, frm the financial crisis f 2007-09 t the pandemic, has made career planning seem pintless t sme. Higher salaries g less far in many places: Husing affrdability is at its lwest level n recrd in Britain, accrding t Halifax, a lender. All f which may make sme wrkers less mtivated t pull all-nighters in search f a prmtin.
The meldramatic (情节剧的) reactin f sme bsses lks stranger at first glance. This is nt the start f a revlutin, after all. Mr. Khan’s pst may have garnered 3.5m views n TikTk but the mst viewed vide n the platfrm has been seen 2.2bn times. Even slackers need t make mney; shwing applicatin is still a pretty reliable way f getting ahead in the wrkplace.
Even s, fr many chief executives, it may well feel as thugh the grund is shifting in new and disturbing ways. Cnsider the types f peple wh tend t make it t the crner ffice. These are individuals wh almst certainly want t be n the highest rung f career ladder, wh are heavily influenced by mnetary incentives and wh have made wrk their life. Quiet quitting is simply nt in their make-up.
Yet ld certainties abut what mtivates peple have changed. The pursuit f purpse matters mre than it did during the frmative years f many f tday’s bsses. The mdern versin f Grdn Gekk wuld run a scial-impact fund and say “green is gd”. Research published last year shwed that cwrkers and culture matter mre t peple’s sense f jb satisfactin than pay, a blw t anyne wh thinks that the prspect f landing a bigger pay cheque is all it takes t gin up wild enthusiasm.
The quiet-quitting kerfuffle (混乱) tells a tale f tw alienated grups. One cmprises thse disenchanted emplyees wh wnder what the pint is f wrking themselves t the bne. The ther is a less bvius tribe: thse in the crprate elite whse way f thinking abut the wrkplace is under threat.
43. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing cases best exemplifies “quiet quitting”?
A. Rme quit his jb withut infrming his bss in advance.
B. Denis imprves her perfrmance slwly at the cst f due efficiency.
C. Patrick is ften absent frm wrk withut asking fr leave.
D. Leslie nly des the bare minimum at wrk.
44. Which f the fllwing statements is true?
A. Bsses n the whle are eager t advcate the idea f quiet quitting.
B. Mst emplyees are still effectively driven by the financial incentives t wrk harder.
C. “Quiet quitting” resnates with many emplyees, wh are becming less cmmitted t their jb nw.
D. Even peple in the tp executive psitins identify with quiet quitting and start t take actin.
45. The writer mentined the example f “the mdern versin f Grdn Gekk” in Paragraph 8 t illustrate that ______.
A. recently prfits matter mst fr cmpanies even at the cst f damaging the envirnment
B. bsses at present have a sense f purpse in mind and priritize their emplyees’ jb satisfactin than ever befre
C. it’s a trend currently t add the ntin f envirnmental prtectin int a cmpany’s perating philsphy
D. businessmen nwadays value scial welfare much mre when running their business
46. Which ne is the best title fr the passage?
A. Lud Abut Quiet QuittingB. It’s Time t Lie Flat
C. The Current Wrking EnvirnmentD. N Time fr Quiet Quitting
【答案】43. D 44. C 45. D 46. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章通过摆事实、讲道理、分析原因及影响等方式来表达作者对于 “quiet quitting” 这一职场现象的看法以及对相关群体理念变化的剖析。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“In the past few weeks the term “quiet quitting” has entered cnversatins abut the wrkplace. A 17-secnd clip n TikTk, a scial-media platfrm, in which an American called Zaid Khan embraces the ntin f nt ging abve and beynd at wrk, has caused an awful lt f nise. (在过去的几周里，“安静离职” 这个词已经进入了职场相关的讨论范畴。在社交媒体平台TikTk上有一段 17 秒的视频，视频中一位名叫扎伊德・汗的美国人宣扬在工作中不做额外努力的理念，这段视频引起了极大的轰动。)”可知，“quiet quitting” 指的是员工在工作中不超额付出，只做完成工作所必需的最低限度的事情。故选D项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“Wrkers apprvingly shared their stries abut deciding nt t wrk vertime, abut priritizing wrk-life balance and abut ding enugh t get their jb dne withut succumbing t burnut. Several bsses prmptly lst their mrings (支撑点). (工人们纷纷赞许地分享了他们的经历，比如决定不加班、优先考虑工作与生活的平衡，以及在完成工作任务的同时避免过度劳累。而一些老板们则立刻乱了阵脚。) ”可知，这一理念确实引起了很多员工的共鸣，且员工对工作的投入程度有所改变。故选C项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第八段的“Yet ld certainties abut what mtivates peple have changed. The pursuit f purpse matters mre than it did during the frmative years f many f tday’s bsses. The mdern versin f Grdn Gekk wuld run a scial-impact fund and say “green is gd”. (然而，关于激励人们的那些旧有确定性因素已经发生了变化。如今，对目标的追求比许多现任老板们在成长时期更为重要。现代版的戈登・盖柯会运营一支社会影响力基金，并宣称 “环保有益”。) ”可知，现在的老板们不像过去只看重利益，他们更注重追求目标，比如会将环保等理念融入公司经营理念中。故选D项。
【46题详解】
标题判断题。文章围绕 “quiet quitting” 展开，既讲述了员工对这一理念的共鸣以及他们在工作中的相应表现，也提到了老板们对此的强烈反应，整个讨论围绕 “quiet quitting” 进行得很热烈。故选A项。
Sectin C
Directins: Fill in each blank in the article with a prper sentence given belw. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Pedr, a gang leader at a prisn in Massachusetts, is a physically impsing man, with several teardrp tatts. Yet fr mst f his life he did nt knw hw t read r write. Mre than 70% f prisners in America have the literacy skills f a furth grade (nine-year-ld) pupil, r belw. Jining a prisn’s basic adult-educatin classes can ruin a gang leader’s reputatin. But Pedr’s prisn was pilting a prgramme that gives tablets t prisners and lets them study privately. One day, the warden (看守人) recalls, Pedr whispered t her: “I can read!”
____47____ In America ver 75% f prisners are re arrested within five years f release. A big reasn is their inability t find wrk. This pattern is cstly. A reprt frm RAND, a think-tank, fund that $1 invested in prisn educatin yielded $4 — 5 in taxpayer savings frm reduced incarceratin (监禁) csts in the three years after release.
Mst prisners have lng been barred frm using internet-enabled devices, n security grunds. ____48____ A “technlgy revlutin” is cming t prisn educatin, says Shannn Swain, a superintendent at Califrnia’s Department f Crrectins and Rehabilitatin that is rlling ut laptp-based educatin at prisns acrss the state.
Califrnia is amng at least 25 states t have deplyed tablets in prisns since 2016. In many states prisners can use them t btain the equivalent f a secndary schl diplma, t study fr prfessinal-licensing tests r, fr a few, t take cllege curses. In a few states prisners may als use them t watch films, listen t music and cntact pre-apprved family members. ____49____
A cllege educatin remains ut f reach fr mst, ntes Brian Hill, the chief executive f Edv, a prvider f educatinal tablets fr prisns. He says that tablets gives “mre pprtunity n a daily basis” t make chices abut their future, by allwing them t wrk n lessns that match their ability and interest.
In Maine’s prisns, prisners enrlled in educatinal prgrammes get their wn laptps with internet access. ____50____ Thse studying fr a degree may have email addresses (prisn staff must be cpied n exchanges) and lg int Zm classes frm their laptps.
A. But the cvid-19 pandemic, which led t extended jail lck-dwns that kept prisners stuck in their cells, frced a rethink.
B. Mre pen access t infrmatin can be a hard sell in places built t priritize security.
C. Mst f thse incarcerated (监禁的) will ne day re-enter sciety, at which pint these skills will matter even mre.
D. Advcates fr victims argue that prisners may use the internet t harass them.
E. Sme websites are blcked, such as scial-media platfrms, and netwrk access is mnitred, but the state is experimenting with having fewer restrictins.
F. Educatin in prisn is widely knwn t reduce recidivism (再犯).
【答案】47. F 48. A 49. C 50. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国推行囚犯在监狱中接受教育的举措以及好处。
【47题详解】
根据本段内容“In America ver 75% f prisners are re arrested within five years f release. A big reasn is their inability t find wrk. This pattern is cstly. A reprt frm RAND, a think-tank, fund that $1 invested in prisn educatin yielded $4 — 5 in taxpayer savings frm reduced incarceratin (监禁) csts in the three years after release.(在美国，超过75%的囚犯在释放后的五年内再次被捕。一个重要原因是他们找不到工作。这种模式代价高昂。智库兰德公司（RAND）的一份报告发现，在监狱教育上每投资1美元，在囚犯获释后的三年内，就能从减少监禁成本中为纳税人节省4到5美元)”可知，后文提到监狱教育减少监禁成本，推测监狱教育有助于减少罪犯出狱后的再犯几率。故F选项“众所周知，监狱里的教育可以减少再犯”符合语境，故选F。
【48题详解】
根据上文“Mst prisners have lng been barred frm using internet-enabled devices, n security grunds.(出于安全考虑，大多数囚犯长期被禁止使用联网设备)”以及后文“A “technlgy revlutin” is cming t prisn educatin, says Shannn Swain, a superintendent at Califrnia’s Department f Crrectins and Rehabilitatin that is rlling ut laptp-based educatin at prisns acrss the state.(一场“技术革命”正在监狱教育领域展开，加州惩教与改造部门的主管Shannn Swain说，该部门正在全州的监狱推行基于笔记本电脑的教育)”可知，本句与上文构成转折关系，本句主要说明后文导致“技术革命”的原因。故A选项“但2019冠状病毒病大流行导致监狱封锁时间延长，囚犯被困在牢房里，迫使人们重新思考”符合语境，故选A。
【49题详解】
根据上文“Califrnia is amng at least 25 states t have deplyed tablets in prisns since 2016. In many states prisners can use them t btain the equivalent f a secndary schl diplma, t study fr prfessinal-licensing tests r, fr a few, t take cllege curses. In a few states prisners may als use them t watch films, listen t music and cntact pre-apprved family members.(自2016年以来，至少有25个州在监狱中部署了平板电脑，加州是其中之一。在许多州，囚犯可以用它来获得相当于中学文凭的证书，学习专业执照考试，或者少数人可以参加大学课程。在一些州，囚犯也可以用手机看电影、听音乐和联系预先批准的家庭成员)”可知，上文提到囚犯获得了中学文凭，学习了专业执照考试，或者少数人可以参加大学课程，本句为本段最后一句，说明这些学习对囚犯将来的影响和作用。故C选项“大多数被监禁的人有一天会重新进入社会，到那时，这些技能将变得更加重要”符合语境，故选C。
【50题详解】
根据上文“In Maine’s prisns, prisners enrlled in educatinal prgrammes get their wn laptps with internet access.(在缅因州的监狱里，参加教育项目的囚犯得到了可以上网的笔记本电脑)”以及后文“Thse studying fr a degree may have email addresses (prisn staff must be cpied n exchanges) and lg int Zm classes frm their laptps.(那些正在攻读学位的人可能有电子邮件地址（监狱工作人员必须在交换中复制），并从笔记本电脑登录Zm课程)”可知，上文提到了“参加教育项目的囚犯得到了可以上网的笔记本电脑”，后文则说有电子邮件，推测本句主要是针对囚犯上网的一些说明。故E选项“一些网站被屏蔽，比如社交媒体平台，网络访问受到监控，但政府正在尝试减少限制”符合语境，故选E。
Ⅳ. Summary（10分）
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize in n mre than 60 wrds the main idea f the passage and hw it is illustrated. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Ways f parenting
It is evident that in bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisitin f each new skill — the first spken wrds, the first independent steps, r the beginning f reading and writing. It is cmmn t see parents hurry the child beynd his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerus feelings f failure and states f wrry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be frced t use a tilet t early, a yung child might be encuraged t learn t read befre he knws the meaning f the wrds he reads. On the ther hand, thugh, when a child is left alne t much, r withut any learning pprtunities, he lses his natural enthusiasm fr life and his desire t find ut new things fr himself.
Parenting practices ften stem frm the persnal needs and pririties f parents, as they aim t align their children’s upbringing with their wn gals and expectatins. At the same time, external influences subtly shape these appraches, with cmmunity values and scietal nrms playing an underlying rle in guiding decisins abut child-rearing. These intercnnected factrs tgether influence hw parents manage their children’s grwth and behavir.
As regards the develpment f mral standards in the grwing child, cnsistency is very imprtant in parental teaching. T frbid a thing ne day and excuse it the next is n fundatin fr mrality. Als parents shuld realize that “example is better than precept (戒律，准则)”. If they are nt sincere and d nt practice what they preach (说教), their children may grw cnfused and emtinally insecure when they grw ld enugh t think fr themselves, and realize they have been t sme extent fled. A sudden awareness f a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their mrals can be a dangerus disappintment.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Ways f parenting are vary. Hastening children’s prgress triggers negative feelings while neglecting their needs t learn diminishes innate curisity. The differences result frm parents’ individual requirements, alng with scial values and rules. Meanwhile, t cultivate mrality in children, parents shuld stick t the same standards and match their wrds with deeds, r children may be afterwards emtinally vulnerable and disappinted.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，养育子女的方式各不相同。加快孩子的进步会引发负面情绪，而忽视他们的学习需求会削弱他们与生俱来的好奇心。这种差异是由父母的个人要求以及社会价值观和规则造成的。同时，要培养孩子的道德，父母应该坚持同样的标准，言行一致，否则孩子可能会在情感上变得脆弱和失望。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①It is cmmn t see parents hurry the child beynd his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerus feelings f failure and states f wrry in the child.
②When a child is left alne t much, r withut any learning pprtunities, he lses his natural enthusiasm fr life and his desire t find ut new things fr himself.
③Parenting practices ften stem frm the persnal needs and pririties f parents.Cmmunity values and scietal nrms play an underlying rle in guiding decisins abut child-rearing.
④As regards the develpment f mral standards in the grwing child, cnsistency is very imprtant in parental teaching, r their children may grw cnfused and emtinally insecure.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Hastening children’s prgress triggers negative feelings while neglecting their needs t learn diminishes innate curisity.
The differences result frm parents’ individual requirements, alng with scial values and rules.
T cultivate mrality in children, parents shuld stick t the same standards and match their wrds with deeds, r children may be afterwards emtinally vulnerable and disappinted.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：Hastening children’s prgress triggers negative feelings while neglecting their needs t learn diminishes innate curisity. （运用一个并列句对原文第一段进行了概括。其中动名词作主语表达高级）。
[高分句型2]：Meanwhile, t cultivate mrality in children, parents shuld stick t the same standards and match their wrds with deeds, r children may be afterwards emtinally vulnerable and disappinted. （运用一个并列句对原文第三段进行了概括。其中不定式作目的状语表达高级）。
Ⅴ. Translatin（15分）
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using wrds given in the brackets.
52. 众所周知，陶渊明是中国古代一位杰出和有影响力的诗人，他写了一百三十余首诗。（acknwledge）（汉译英）
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【答案】It is universally acknwledged that Ta Yuanming is an utstanding and influential pet in ancient China, wh wrte mre than 130 pems.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型、定语从句和形容词。根据句意，表示“众所周知”可理解为“人们普遍认为”可译为it is universally acknwledged that句型，其中it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正主语，位于句首单词，首字母需大写；表示“陶渊明是中国古代一位杰出和有影响力的诗人”为主语从句，主语“陶渊明”为Ta Yuanming，表示“是”为be动词，此处描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，所以be动词为is，表示“一位杰出和有影响力的诗人”为an utstanding and influential pet作表语，其中形容词utstanding和influential作定语修饰名词pet，表示“中国古代”为in ancient China，所以主句译为It is universally acknwledged that Ta Yuanming is an utstanding and influential pet in ancient China；表示“他写了一百三十余首诗”为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Ta Yuanming指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词wh，表示“写了”为write，作定语从句的谓语，使用过去时，所以定语从句译为wh wrte mre than 130 pems。故翻译为It is universally acknwledged that Ta Yuanming is an utstanding and influential pet in ancient China, wh wrte mre than 130 pems.
53. 古代人并不知道季节变化会影响农作物的收成；相反，他们将丰收归功于祖先的庇护。(credit) (汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Ancient peple did nt knw that seasnal changes affected/ affect farming utcmes/ harvest/ yield/ prductin f crps/ grains/ prduce. Instead/ On the cntrary/ Cnversely, they credited successful harvests t the prtectin/ blessing f ancestrs.
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时，宾语从句，短语和名词。表示“古代人”使用名词ancient peple，谓语动词的时态使用过去时，“不知道”使用did nt knw, 其后使用宾语从句，从句的主语“季节变化”使用seasnal changes，从句谓语动词的时态可以使用过去时表示过去的动作也可以使用一般现在时表示一种客观事实，可使用affected/ affect, 表示“农作物的收成”有多种表达，可使用farming utcmes/ harvest/ yield/ prductin f crps/ grains/ prduce。表示“相反”使用短语instead/ n the cntrary/ cnversely, 表示“将归功于”使用，表示“丰收”使用successful harvests，表示“祖先的庇护”使用the prtectin/ blessing f ancestrs。故翻译为Ancient peple did nt knw that seasnal changes affected/ affect farming utcmes/ harvest/ yield/ prductin f crps/ grains/ prduce. Instead/ On the cntrary/ Cnversely, they credited successful harvests t the prtectin/ blessing f ancestrs.
54. 中国文化的独特魅力，无论是古老的建筑艺术还是博大精深的中医理论，都吸引了来自世界各地的人们。（appeal）(汉译英)
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【答案】The unique charm f Chinese culture, whether it is ancient architectural art r the prfund thery f traditinal Chinese medicine, has appealed t peple frm arund the wrld.##The unique charm f Chinese culture, whether it is ancient architectural art r the prfund thery f traditinal Chinese medicine, has held appeal fr peple frm arund the wrld.
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成时和让步状语从句。“中国文化的独特魅力”应译为the unique charm f Chinese culture，作主语，为单数，“无论……还是……”用whether…r...引导的让步状语从句，“古老的建筑艺术”译为ancient architectural art，“博大精深的中医理论”译为the prfund thery f traditinal Chinese medicine，“吸引”为固定短语appeal t或hld appeal fr，“吸引了”译为has appealed t或has held appeal fr，为现在完成时态，强调从过去某个时间开始一直到现在这种吸引力的持续性和已经产生的影响，“来自世界各地的人们”译为peple frm arund the wrld，作状语。故翻译为：The unique charm f Chinese culture, whether it is ancient architectural art r the prfund thery f traditinal Chinese medicine, has appealed t/ has held appeal fr peple frm arund the wrld.
55. 当下，网络上催人奋进的人和事被网友们贴上了“正能量”的标签，它们描述了普通人在逆境中不屈不挠的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章。（label）(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Currently, the inspiring stries and individuals n the Internet have been labeled (as) “psitive energy” by netizens, describing the unyielding struggles f rdinary peple in adversity and inspiring mre peple t write their wn splendid chapters.
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态和非谓语动词。分析原句可知，可将“网络上催人奋进的人和事被网友们贴上了“正能量”的标签”视为主句，后面两句动作的主语都是“人和事”，可用非谓语动词来表达。主句部分，“当下”是时间状语，可译为currently，句子可按主干结构缩写为“人和事被贴上了标签”，故主语“人和事”为复数概念，可译为stries and individuals，其前“催人奋进的”为定语，可译为inspiring，“网络上”写成介词短语作后置定语，可译为n the Internet，谓语“被贴上标签”参考题目给出的label一词，这里表达动作发生在过去并对现在有影响，符合现在完成时下的被动语态，结构为have/has been dne,在表复数概念的主语后助动词应用have，“贴上“正能量”的标签”可结合label的用法“label sb./sth.(as)sth.”，其中“正能量”可译为psitive energy，“被网友们”可译为by netizens，故主句部分可翻译为Currently, the inspiring stries and individuals n the Internet have been labeled (as) “psitive energy” by netizens；状语部分，两个句子的非谓语动词“描述describe”和“激励inspire”和主句主语之间都是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，对于第一句，按主干结构缩写为“描述了奋斗”，故describe的宾语中心词为struggles，其前“不屈不挠的”为定语，可译为unyielding，“在逆境中”写成介词短语作后置定语，可译为in adversity，“普通人（的）”可按f所有格处理，译为f rdinary peple，对于第二句，按主干结构缩写为“激励人书写篇章”，符合inspire的用法inspire sb. t d sth.，“更多人”可译为mre peple，“篇章”可译为chapters，其前“辉煌”为定语，可译为splendid，“属于（他们）自己的”可译为their wn，两个非谓语动词可用并列连词and连接，故状语部分可翻译为describing the unyielding struggles f rdinary peple in adversity and inspiring mre peple t write their wn splendid chapters。故翻译为Currently, the inspiring stries and individuals n the Internet have been labeled (as) “psitive energy” by netizens, describing the unyielding struggles f rdinary peple in adversity and inspiring mre peple t write their wn splendid chapters.
Ⅵ. Guided Writing（25分）
56. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
你是启明中学的王磊，你校学生会即将组织“中国传统节日文化体验与交流”系列活动，目前系列中的第一个活动的方案已在校园网发布，该活动将在4月2日举行，并面向全校师生征求意见。请写一封邮件，你的邮件必须包括以下内容：
1. 提出你觉得需要进行改进的地方和改进意见
2. 你的具体理由
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Students’ Unin,
My name is Wang Lei, and I have sme suggestins fr the upcming “Chinese Traditinal Festival Culture Experience and Exchange” event scheduled fr April 2. Althugh the plan t intrduce the Qingming Festival is a great idea, I believe imprvements culd be made.
Firstly, instead f just a lecture, including interactive activities such as traditinal Qingming festival games r crafting that culd enhance engagement. Participants will likely enjy and remember the event mre if they actively partake, rather than nly listen. Mrever, inviting a guest speaker wh has persnal stries r experiences related t Qingming culd add depth t the presentatin. This persnal tuch may make the festival mre relatable and appealing, especially fr thse unfamiliar with it.
I hpe these suggestins will be helpful in making the event a success.
Yurs sincerely,
Wang Lei
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校学生会写封邮件，针对“中国传统节日文化体验与交流”活动提出改进意见和建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin→ recmmendatin
参与：participate→ engage
提高：enhance→ imprve
此外：Mrever→ Besides
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：Participants will likely enjy and remember the event mre if they actively partake, rather than nly listen.
同义句：If participants take an active part rather than merely listen, they will prbably enjy and remember the event better.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Mrever, inviting a guest speaker wh has persnal stries r experiences related t Qingming culd add depth t the presentatin. (运用了wh引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Participants will likely enjy and remember the event mre if they actively partake, rather than nly listen. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
A. blcked B. extended C. apprval D. extracted E. dispse
F. cmprmises G. inflating H. cunted I. bedrck J. grant
K. available
1. ca (大约) 3100 B.C. -332 B.C.
Ancient Egyptian spies were sme f the first t use pisn t get the jb dne. T silence their enemies, they used killer methds which included pisns frm plants and snakes.
2. ca 1185-1600
The Japanese used spies called ninjas. These ninjas were experts in gathering secret infrmatin frm enemies and cmpetitrs. They were trained since childhd in sneaking arund and assassinating, but female ninjas wuld sneak int enemy lcatins by dressing up as dancers r servants.
3. ca 1325-1521
Aztec spies, called quimichtin, lived in what’s nw central Mexic. They were nicknamed “mice” because they wrked at night t hide while spying. Their jb was really dangerus, because if they gt caught, they culd be enslaved r even killed. That’s why they were paid mre than mst Aztec wrkers.
4. 1573 t 1590
Sir Francis Walsingham helped prtect Queen Elizabeth I f England by creating a netwrk f spies They were skilled at reading cded letters and secretly pening and resealing envelpes cntaining infrmatin.
5. 1775-1783
Befre he became president f what wuld sn becme the United States, Gerge Washingtn had a grup f spies called the Culper Spy Ring during the Revlutinary War. One f its members, Anna Strng, sent cded messages thrugh her laundry. She hung clthes accrding t clr and number t tell sldiers where secret messages were hidden. Fr example, a black dress and tw handkerchiefs might have meant “check the secnd clsest river.”
6. 1861-1865
Harriet Tubman is famus fr helping enslaved peple in the United States escape Nrth, where slavery was illegal. But she was als a spy during the Civil War. She made maps f the land s nrthern trps culd safely travel thrugh Suthern states.
7. 1960s
During the Cld War between the United States and the Sviet Unin (nw Russia), spy activities n bth sides increased. T help, intelligence agencies develped sneaky gadgets fr spies t eavesdrp and cllect infrmatin. One ppular device was the buttnhle camera, which culd be cntrlled-frm inside a cat pcket. It allwed spies t secretly take a pht by pening a fake buttn n the cat.
8. 1916
During Wrld War Ⅰ, there was a Dutch dancer called Mata Hari. She accepted an assignment t spy fr France in 1916 but actually wrked fr their enemy, Germany. She was fund guilty f telling the Germans secrets abut a new weapn that the French were using — the tank — and was put t death in 1917.
9. 2024
Tday, spies dn’t even need t leave their hmes t cllect secret infrmatin. They use cmputer prgrams called spyware frm anywhere in the wrld t track activity and access tp- secret infrmatin n faraway devices such as cmputers, tablets and smartphnes. Many cmpanies cnsider cyber espinage t be their number-ne threat.
活动方案：
✧ 主题：介绍清明节
✧ 形式：讲座
✧ 内容：介绍清明节的由来、传统以及其重要性