UNIT 4　INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY-知识点串讲课件-北师大版高中英语高一上册（必修二）

这是一份UNIT 4　INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY-知识点串讲课件-北师大版高中英语高一上册（必修二），共70页。
词汇1    convenience n.方便,便利;便利的事物provide convenience/education/information提供便利/教育/信息 (教材P6)情景导学For convenience, I keep my table lamp near my bed when I am sleeping.为方便起见,我睡觉时把我的台灯放在床边。Please give me an answer at your convenience.请在你方便时给我回复。 (写作·申请信)高频词汇精讲高频词汇 情景破用法归纳①　　     sb.'s convenience在某人方便时;在某人适宜的地点②　　     (the sake of) convenience为方便起见atfor词汇拓展①convenient adj.方便的;附近的be convenient for sb.对某人来说是方便的It is/was convenient (for sb.) to do sth.做某事(对某人来说)很方便•I'll visit you next weekend if it is convenient for you.如果你方便的话,我下周末就去看望你。②conveniently adv.方便地•Their jaws were not conveniently structured.他们的下颚构造不方便(发音)。 (2022新高考Ⅰ) ③inconvenience n.不便;麻烦的人(或事物)④inconvenient adj.不方便的Effects/Impacts影响/效果 (教材P6)情景导学Some ancient laws are still in effect now.有些古老的法律现在仍然有效。They must finish the work before the new tax rates come into effect.在新税率生效前,他们必须完成工作。These new laws should be brought/put into effect as soon as possible.这些新法律应该尽快实行。Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues.此外,在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用,他们中的许多人有情绪控制问题。 (2023新课标Ⅱ)用法归纳①have an effect 　　    ...对……有影响/起作用②　　     effect有效;在实施中;实际上③come 　　    effect生效;开始实施④bring/put...　　     effect使……生效;实行/实施……词汇拓展①effective adj.有效的;起作用的;实际的•The measures were effective.这些措施是有效的。②effectively adv.有效地;实际上oninintointo　　makes us self-focused/live in an unreal world/addicted to it使我们以自我为中心/活在不真实的世界里/对它着迷 (教材P6)情景导学He was addicted to playing computer games and he didn't see the person who came into his room.他沉迷于玩电脑游戏,没有看见进他房间的人。用法归纳be/become addicted 　　    (doing)...对(做)……上瘾;沉迷于(做)……to词汇拓展①addict n.对……入迷的人;吸毒成瘾的人a work addict工作狂②addiction n.入迷;嗜好;瘾(an/one's) addiction to...(一种/某人)对……的嗜好/瘾•You should fight your addiction to alcohol.你应该戒除酒瘾。③addictive adj.使人上瘾的•The boy is seriously addicted to video games and he finds them very addictive, thus turning in-to a video game addict.这个男孩严重沉迷于电子游戏,他发现电子游戏让人非常上瘾,因此成了电子游戏迷。情景助记 入迷的← addicted →上瘾的　　Do you have any recommendation?你有什么推荐吗?  (教材P100)情景导学If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel.如果非得让我推荐一个在罗马住的地方,那会是Yellow Hostel。(2021新高考Ⅰ)用法归纳①make a/one recommendation (to sb.) 　　    /on...就……(向某人)提建议②on the recommendation of...根据……的建议③a letter of recommendation 介绍信;推荐信特别提醒recommendation表示“建议”时后可跟同位语从句,从句中的谓语动词常用“(should+)动词原形”形式。for词汇拓展recommend v.推荐,介绍;劝告,建议recommend sb. as/for...推荐某人为/做……recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物recommend doing sth.建议做某事recommend sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事recommend that...=It is recommended that...建议……[从句中的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”形式]•I recommend the book to you because it reflects the life of the students.我向你推荐这本书,因为它反映了学生的生活。(写作·推荐信)•It is highly recommended that you write your own original compositions.强烈建议你写你自己的原创作品。 　　Well, I admit it.好吧,我承认。 (教材P100)情景导学He admitted cheating/having cheated in the exam. However, the teacher didn't blame him.他承认考试作弊了。然而,老师没有责备他。I had to admit (that) moving so often made me feel lonely.我不得不承认,经常搬家让我感到孤独。She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were from Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.她还承认,研究的女性人数相对较少,她们都来自瑞典,因此研究结果可能不适用于其他群体。 (2022浙江1月)One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease.有一天我得到消息说他因得重病而住进了医院。 (读后续写·情节描写)用法归纳①admit (to) 　　    /having done sth.承认/招认做过某事②admit to (doing) sth.承认(做)某事③admit (　　    )...承认…… ④be admitted 　　    /into...被允许进入/加入……;被接收入院词汇拓展admission n.准许进入,加入权;承认;入场费•It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.据说历史是由胜利者书写的,那些胜利者为天才俱乐部制定了准入标准。 (2021全国甲)doingthatto　　Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses.然而,很少有人知道未来的虚拟形象会有如此多种多样的形式和用途。 (教材P9)情景导学Students in Shenzhen University can take part in a variety of sports clubs on campus.深圳大学的学生在校园内可以参加各种各样的体育俱乐部。William Shakespeare is known as one of the greatest writers in English literature, whose many plays appeal to a variety of readers to this day.威廉·莎士比亚被认为是英国文学中最伟大的作家之一,他的许多戏剧至今仍吸引着各种各样的读者。用法归纳a variety 　　    ...各种各样的……of词汇拓展①various adj.各种不同的,各种各样的•The area provides an ideal habitat and plenty of food for various species of birds, such as blackbirds.该地区为各种鸟类,如黑鸟,提供了理想的栖息地和充足的食物。②vary v.变化;不同,相异vary in...在……方面有差异vary from...to...从……到……变化•The weather varied from very cold to quite mild.天气从非常寒冷变得相当暖和了。③varied adj.各种各样的,形形色色的　　In most web chats, people choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images,or create their own images.在大多数网络聊天中,人们从选出的现成的图像中选择一个虚拟形象,或者创建他们自己的图像。(教材P9)情景导学Students should make a selection from a range of reference materials.学生应该从多种参考资料中作出选择。It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population.这似乎是自然选择对一个种群发挥作用的完美机会。 (2020全国Ⅲ)用法归纳①　　     a selection作出选择②a selection of...选出的一些……③natural selection自然选择;物竞天择make词汇拓展select vt.挑选;选择select sb. to do sth.挑选某人做某事select...as...选择……作为……select...from...从……中挑选……•Simon has been selected to attend the conference.西蒙被选中参加此次会议。•York was selected as the site for the research centre.约克被选为研究中心的所在地。　　The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns.虚拟形象的使用也引起了一些担心。 (教材P9)情景导学Andrew expressed his concern about/for violence on TV.安德鲁表示了他对电视上的暴力(内容)的担心。 I don't concern myself with unimportant details.我不关心不重要的细节。用法归纳 ①concern 　　　　　    ...对……的忧虑/担心 ②concern oneself 　　    ...关心……;从事/忙于……about/forwith词汇拓展①concerned adj.关心的,关切的;有关的;担心的be concerned about/for...为……担心/忧虑be concerned about/with...关注……;关心……be concerned with...与……有关;涉及……as far as...be concerned就……而言•Write a letter to the WWF asking them for help to save one of the endangered animals you are most concerned about.给世界自然基金会写信,请求他们帮助拯救你最关心的濒危动物之一。 (写作·保护动物)•As far as I'm concerned, riding bicycles is a good solution.就我而言,骑自行车是一个很好的解决办法。②concerning prep.关于•What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?最后一段主要讲的是关于情商的什么? (2021新高考Ⅰ)　　to become powerful变得效能高 (教材P12)词汇拓展①power n.能力;力量,能量;影响力;权力 vt.驱动,为……提供动力have the power to do sth.有能力做某事in one's power在某人的能力范围内beyond one's power超出某人的能力范围be in power执政,掌权come to power上台;执政;掌权•They laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story.他们笑了,因为我有能力讲一个有趣的故事。 (2023北京)•The new government will come to power next month.新政府将在下个月执政。②powerless adj.无权的;无能为力的　　...Ms Smith, your order was delivered last week.……史密斯女士,你的订单上周就送到了。 (教材P102)情景导学It is very considerate of you to deliver milk to our door every morning.你真是太体贴了,每天早上把牛奶送到我们的门口。Professor King will be delivering his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first.金教授马上就要发表演讲,但(开始之前)让我先介绍一下他。 (2021天津)She was delivered of a healthy baby in the hospital last night.昨夜她在医院里生下一个健康的孩子。用法归纳①deliver sth. 　　    sb./sp.递送某物给某人/到某处②deliver a speech/lecture发表演讲③be delivered 　　    a baby分娩;生孩子④deliver a baby接生词汇拓展delivery n.投递;递送;分娩;演讲方式toof情景助记deliver各词义辨析  　　The Internet Harms Friendships互联网伤害友谊 (教材P15)情景导学Spending too much time online does harm to people's health.花费太多时间上网对人们的健康有害。 (写作·网络的影响)It does no harm to ask before we go there.在我们去那里之前,问一问也无妨。If you want to solve the problem in this way, there is no harm in calling him.如果你想以这种方式来解决问题,不妨给他打个电话。用法归纳①do/cause harm 　　    ...对……造成伤害②it does no harm (for sb.) 　　    sth./there is no harm in (sb.'s) 　　    sth.(某人)不妨做某事词汇拓展①harmful adj.有害的,导致损害的be harmful to...对……有害•Indeed, the smartphone can bring great convenience to our life. However, it can be harmful to our eyes.的确,智能手机可以给我们的生活带来很大的便利。然而,它可能对我们的眼睛有害。 ②harmless adj.无害的;无恶意的toto dodoing　　...communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.……通过屏幕交流让孩子们更难集中注意力或对他人表现出善意。(教材P15)情景导学From then on, I began to concentrate on every small thing in my study.从那时起,我开始专注于我学习中的每一件小事。(写作·学习)I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finishing the meal for my mum.我决定全力以赴为妈妈完成这顿饭。用法归纳①concentrate (sth.) 　　    sth./doing sth.集中注意力/精力等做某事;致力于(做)某事②be concentrated in...集中于……词汇拓展①concentration n.集中;专心;关注;浓度•Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phyto-plankton.海洋颜色从绿色到蓝色不等,取决于浮游植物的类型和浓度。 (2019北京)②concentrated adj.集中的;浓缩的;全力以赴的on　　In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial.此外,社交媒体上发布的很多内容都是肤浅的或没有什么价值的。 (教材P15)情景导学At the party, all the guests sang and danced to their hearts' content.在宴会上,所有的客人都尽情地唱歌跳舞。The one who is content with what he has is always happy.知足者常乐。Ambitious people are not content to imitate others.有雄心的人不满足于模仿别人。用法归纳 ①do sth. 　　    one's heart's content尽情地做某事 ②be content 　　    sth.对某事物满意/满足③be content 　　    sth.满足于做某事;愿意做某事 ④content oneself with...使自己满足于/甘心于……词汇拓展contented adj.(尤指因生活好而)满意的,惬意的,满足的(常用于名词前)•Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred, which changed her life.易女士过着惬意的生活,直到一件可怕的事情发生,这件事改变了她的生活。(读后续写·情节描写)towithto do特别提醒content用作形容词时多作表语,contented多作定语。情景助记content各词义辨析 　　In my opinion, friends should focus more on face-to-face communication, and less on online communication.在我看来,朋友应该更多地关注面对面的交流,而较少关注网上的交流。 (教材P15)情景导学You should focus especially on/upon the deadline for applications.你应该特别注意交申请书的截止日期。 (写作·通知)You'd better focus your attention on/upon your studies.你最好把注意力集中在学业上。Their faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.照片上他们的脸模糊不清。用法归纳 ①focus (...) 　　     ...集中(……)于…… ②in focus对准焦点,对焦;(图像)清晰③　　      focus对焦不准;(图像)模糊on/uponout of　　In my opinion, the author did an amazing job of creating a whole new world through this book.在我看来,作者做了一件了不起的事情——通过这本书创造了一个全新的世界。 (教材P18)词汇拓展①amaze vt.使惊讶②amazed adj.大为惊奇的be amazed at/by...对……感到吃惊be amazed to see/find...惊奇地看见/发现……•He was amazed at the results.他对结果感到惊讶。 (2023新课标Ⅰ)③amazement n.惊奇,惊诧in amazement惊讶地to one's amazement令某人惊讶的是•To my amazement, without saying a word, he suddenly ran out of the office.令我惊讶的是,他一句话也没说,突然从办公室跑了出去。 (读后续写·动作描写)④amazingly adv.令人惊奇地易混辨析　　It also makes the art accessible to the world while protecting the original artworks for the fu-ture.在为未来保护原始艺术品的同时,它也让世界了解艺术。 (教材P21)情景导学Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。One of them is about how the most accessible information in the present affects decisions about thefuture.其中之一是关于当前最容易获取的信息如何影响关于未来的决定。 (2023北京)用法归纳be accessible 　　    ...对……来说易于得到/接近/进入/理解的to词汇拓展access n.通道;机会access to...去……的通道;……的机会have/gain/get access to...拥有……的机会/权利;可以获得/接近……•As cities balloon with growth,access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.随着城市的飞速发展,生活在城市地区的人们越来越难找到接触大自然的机会。 (2023新课标Ⅱ)•Across the world, billions of people have/get/gain no access to clean drinking water.全世界有数十亿人无法获取干净的饮用水。高频词汇积累　　New games make my life interesting.新的游戏使我的生活变得有趣。 (教材P100)情景导学The news made him very happy.这则消息使他非常高兴。My fluent English makes it easy for me to communicate with people in English-speaking coun-tries.我流利的英语使我与说英语的国家的人交流很容易。 (写作·申请信)I hope all of you will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of your life.我希望你们都能以某种方式开始珍惜音乐,让它成为你生活的一部分。They didn't know the local language, so they couldn't make themselves understood.他们不懂当地的语言,所以他们无法让人理解他们的意思。用法归纳　　①在“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,宾语补足语可以由　　    、　　    、　        、省略to的不定式等来充当。②在“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,可用　　    作形式宾语,把真正的宾语后置。结构拓展　　在“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,如果动词是notice、have、let、make、feel、see、hear和watch等,作宾语补足语的动词不定式要省略to。该结构变为被动形式时,不定式的to要还原。•Our English teacher often makes us retell the text, which is beneficial to our English study.我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文,这对我们的英语学习有益。•We are often made to retell the text, which is beneficial to our English study.我们经常被要求复述课文,这对我们的英语学习有益。名词形容词过去分词itIt is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships.正是这些技术使我们能够发展终生的友谊。 (教材P15)情景导学When was it that they went abroad?他们是什么时候出国的?It was my grandmother who/that helped me write to Mary when I was young.我小的时候是我奶奶帮我给玛丽写信的。Was it in the office that he saw you just now?他刚才是在办公室看见你的吗?It is for this reason that Spanish is the official language of Peru.正是出于这个原因,西班牙语是秘鲁的官方语言。用法归纳①强调句的基本句型:It is/was+被强调部分+　　　　　    +其余部分.②被强调的部分可以是宾语、　　    、　　    ,一般不能用来强调谓语、表语、补足语等。当被强调的部分指人时,既可用that,也可用who;否则只能用that。③强调句的一般疑问句式:　　 　    +被强调部分+that/who+其余部分?④强调句的特殊疑问句式:特殊疑问词+is/was it+　　    +其余部分?⑤对not...until...进行强调:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其余部分.who/that主语状语Is/Was itthat特别提醒(1)强调句的判断:将句子中的It is/was...that/who...去掉,如果句子剩下的部分不缺少任何成分,稍加调整后仍是一个完整的句子,这个句子就是强调句,否则就不是。(2)强调句中的时态要依据原句的时态而定,即原句为过去的某种时态,则强调句中的be就用was;原句为现在的某种时态,强调句中的be就用is。(3)被强调的部分如果是句子的主语,that/who后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与被强调的主语保持一致。That's why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best!那就是为什么我认为关于外国文化或虚构的世界的书是最好的!  (教材P18)情景导学This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.这就是为什么列清单在任何生产力手册中都很重要。 (2022浙江1月)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance.这就是为什么用植物、水果和花装饰具有特殊的意义。　     (2020全国Ⅱ)用法归纳　　　　　     is why...意为“那/这就是为什么……”, why引导　　    从句,其后强调结果。结构拓展①That/This is because意为“那/这是因为……”,because引导表语从句,其后强调原因。•He was late for work this morning. That's because he got caught in a traffic jam.今天早上他上班迟到了,那是因为他遇到了交通堵塞。②The reason why...is/was that...意为“……的原因是……”,why引导定语从句,that引导表语从句,且该表语从句只能用that引导,不能用because。•The reason why he didn't pass the driving test was that he was too careless.他没有通过驾照考试的原因是他太粗心了。That/This表语Sentence 1译文    这些被称为虚拟形象的数字身份是人们如何使用互联网进行交流和表达自己的关键部分。目的Sentence 2译文　当人们开始创建自己的虚拟形象时,他们发现他们将有能力创设看起来或行为完全不像他们的真实自我的新身份。定语Sentence 3译文　然而,几乎所有的虚拟形象都是高大、年轻且漂亮的,所以人们显然会让他们的虚拟形象看起来比他们在现实生活中的更好。比较Sentence 4译文　他们也会尝试像不同的发型这样的东西——这也许在很大程度上说明了他们想要的样子。整个主句Sentence 5译文　一些用户担心他们在虚拟世界中花费了太多时间,以至于他们开始变得害怕在现实世界中与人见面。结果Sentence 6译文　他们期待着有朝一日自己的虚拟形象会像真人一样行动,环游更大、更令人兴奋的虚拟世界。定语Sentence 7译文　友谊建立在信任的基础上,通过在线交流,你永远不能百分之百地确信与你聊天的人没有隐瞒他们是谁。宾语过去将来时情景导学1She said she would be there at seven o'clock, and he thought she would keep her word.她说她会在7点到达那里,他认为她会遵守诺言的。They always told us that one day we would move into a house, a real house that would be ours, so we wouldn't have to move each year.他们总是跟我们说总有一天我们会搬进一所房子,一所真正属于我们的房子,那样我们就不必每年都搬家了。I tried to make the best of it and didn't say anything for fear that I would make things worse.我想尽力而为,我没有说任何话,生怕我会让事情变得更糟。 (读后续写·心理描写)用法归纳1(1)过去将来时用“①　　　　　　    ”表示。过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于主句是一般过去时的②　　　　　    中,表示从句的动作发生在主句动作之后。(2)过去将来时的被动形式为would be done。would+动词原形　宾语从句情景导学2We didn't know if she was going to be here that day.我们不知道那天她是否要来这儿。I was to ask you the same thing.我正要问你同一件事情。I was just about to go to bed when he came to see me.我正准备睡觉,这时他突然来看我了。James has just arrived, but I didn't know he was coming until yesterday.詹姆斯刚才到了,但是直到昨天我才知道他要来。用法归纳2　　过去将来时还可用③　　　 　　    、④　　　　 　    、was/were to do、was/were about to do等形式表示。was/were going to dowas/were doing特别提醒would用于过去将来时和表示过去重复的动作时含义不同。过去将来时常需要有表示“过去”的参照物,这个参照物是一个发生在过去的动作,而不是时间。would用于表示过去重复的动作时,可以和used to互换。•He said he would finish the work in a week.他说他要在一周内完成这项工作。(过去将来时)•As a child, she would/used to pass this shop every day after school.她小时候每天放学都经过这家商店。(过去重复的动作)复合词　　复合词由两个单词组合而成。通常,第一个词表示第二个词的主要特征,第二个词体现复合词的词性。常见形式如下:情景导学1The dog rushed straight through the flowerbed.那条狗直接蹿过了花坛。The noticeboard was in Anna's handwriting.这个布告牌是安娜的笔迹。用法归纳1　　复合名词的构成形式通常包括⑤　　    、n.+v.-ing、v.+adv.和adj.+n.等。n.+n.情景导学2The world needs more people who are kind-hearted, self-loving, and compassionate.这个世界需要更多善良、自爱且有同情心的人。Generally speaking, I am an open, honest and easy-going person.总的来说,我是一个直率、诚实且随和的人。The fat is man-made and does not exist in nature.这种脂肪是人造的,在自然界中是不存在的。Large-scale development is critical to our future.大规模的开发对我们的将来至关重要。In America,some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents.在美国,一些较老的知名报纸要价五或六美分。用法归纳2　　复合形容词的构成形式通常包括adj.+n.+-ed、n.+v.-ing、⑥　　     、adj./adv.+v.-ing、adj.+n.和adj./adv.+v.-ed等。n.+v.-ed情景导学3But he couldn't find the key anywhere.但是他在任何地方都找不到钥匙。Sally had gone upstairs.萨莉已经上楼了。用法归纳3复合副词的构成形式通常包括⑦　　     、adv.+n.等。pron.+adv.情景导学4He knew everyone in the business.他认识公司里的每一个人。I can do anything.我可以做任何事。用法归纳4复合代词的构成形式通常包括⑧　　     、pron.+n.等。pron.+pron.情景导学5Do you know how to typewrite?你知道如何用打字机打字吗?用法归纳5复合动词的构成形式通常包括⑨　　    、adv.+v.等。n.+v.即时巩固Ⅰ.写出下列句子中过去将来时参考的过去动作1.The girl said her father would come to see her on Saturday.　　　　　　　    2.He thought that he would make a large fortune in the next 2 years.　　　　　　　    3.My teacher came in and announced that we would take part in the basketball match.　　　　　　　    4.They didn't know what would happen next.　　　　　　　    saidthoughtannounceddidn’t know5.He was about to leave when the telephone rang.　　　　　　　    6.He was about to speak when it occurred to him that they might be wrong.　　　　　　　    7.Father came back home and asked what they would eat.　　　　　　　    8.My grandmother wrote that she was coming.　　　　　　　    rangoccurredasked wroteⅡ.写出下列复合词的构词方式1.She is a warm-hearted girl and she likes to help others in need.　　　　　　　    2.We appreciate our friendship and we are grateful to each other.　　　　　　　    3.But this time, I noticed something different.　　　　　　　    4.They overcame a lot of difficulties and achieved success at last.　　　　　　　    5.He downloaded the music he loved and sang it all day.　　　　　　　    6.The famous doctor is well-known throughout the world.　　　　　　　    adj.+n.+-ed  n.+n.   pron.+n.adv.+v.   adv.+v. adv.+v.-ed