外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries优秀一课一练

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries优秀一课一练，共9页。试卷主要包含了单句语法填空2，完成句子9等内容，欢迎下载使用。
目录
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc8392" \l "_Tc5143" A 考点概览·知识回顾 PAGEREF _Tc8392 \h 1
\l "_Tc25907" B 考点夯基·专项突破2
\l "_Tc4491" 一、单句语法填空（基本语法）2
\l "_Tc9962" 二、完成句子9
\l "_Tc8120" C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 PAGEREF _Tc8120 \h 11
\l "_Tc30590" 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） PAGEREF _Tc30590 \h 11
\l "_Tc25546" 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） PAGEREF _Tc25546 \h 14
（一）定义及基本用法
（二）it作主语从句的形式主语的常用句型
一、单句语法填空（基本语法）
1. It is a classic debate the ends justify the means, r reasnable means can certainly differ.
2. It remains t be seen will sign up fr the 1500-meter race.
3. It is a pity the museum built in the eighteenth century des nt attract visitrs.
4. is knwn t us all is that the Beijing Olympic Games tk place in 2008.
5. It is knwn t all the cuntry is a leading agricultural natin.
6. It is suggested at the end f the passage the things we buy ften affect many peple's lives arund the wrld.
7. It was until late afternn he was figuring ut he cnsidered was a wise way t fight against it.
8. It's true inner beauty is very imprtant, but external beauty shuldn't be cmpletely verlked.
9. It is reprted the fld has influenced the lives f ver 200 residents.
10. Yu ughtn't t have gne ut withut a cat yesterday. It isn't surprising yu caught a cld.
11. It's unclear the tiny cmputer will be released, but it will cme nt the market sner r later.
12. It is nt a prblem we can win the battle; it's just a matter f time.
13. It surprised her greatly her neighbr had been in prisn fr 4 years.
14. It makes n difference t me yu g tday r tmrrw.
15. It's nt surprising yu wn the medal, cnsidering hw much yu paid fr it.
16. It is ften the case miracles can happen fr thse wh hang n t hpe.
17. It is reprted the Arctic is having its httest June ever and is suffering its wrst wildfire seasns n recrd.
18. It's nne f yur business my private life is like.
19. certain that his inventin will make peple's life cnvenient.
20. It used t be thught the Earth was flat.
21. is the mst imprtant in life is that we shuld always be cnfident abut the future.
22. It remains t be seen the new schl rules can be put int practice.
23. It desn't matter yur hme is in a nisy dwntwn r in the remte cuntryside.
24. It's certain music lessns in early childhd imprve the brain's perfrmance.
25. It desn't matter yu have the ability t be n tp f yur prfessinal careers as lng as yu wrk hard the whle time.
26. It is bvius t the whle wrld the US has played dirty tricks t bully freign cmpanies like Hua Wei and TikTk in rder t either destry them r take them ver.
27. It never ccurred t me yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his mind.
28. It is bvius t the students they shuld get well prepared fr their future.
29. It is generally believed imprvements in health care will lead t a strnger, mre prsperus ecnmy.
30. It sn became widely knwn the attempt t save girl had failed.
31. It matters little a man dies, but matters much is he lives.
32. It has been pinted ut plays a vital rle in driving away ne's anxiety is ne's sweet childhd memries.
33. It is reprted the husing prices in sme big cities fall in different degrees.
34. It is n use fr yur mistakes nw. yu need t d is crrect them as sn as pssible.
35. It is nt a prblem we can win the battle; it's just a matter f time.
二、完成句子（用it作形式主语）
1. 我经过教堂时，里面有很大的声响。
When I passed the church, sme nise inside.
2. 天气追踪系统能否预防许多灾害还有待观察。
It remains t be seen weather-tracking system can prevent many disasters.
3. 1955年4月18日，据报道爱因斯坦去世了。
On 18 April 1955, Einstein had passed away.
4. 众所周知，火药最早是由中国人发明的。
the gun pwder was first invented by the Chinese.
5. 他是否会出国深造仍不得而知。
he’ll g abrad fr further study r nt.
6. 真遗憾，你错过了这么好的机会。
yu’ve missed such a gd chance.
7. 金融危机是否会很快结束尚不明确。
It is nt immediately clear the financial crisis will sn be ver.
8. 总统能采取什么措施来结束罢工尚不清楚。
It is by n means clear the president can d t end the strike.
9. 事实证明，童年时期吃蔬菜有助于预防成年后的严重疾病。
eating vegetables in childhd helps t prtect yu against serius illnesses in later life.
10. 据估计，这些广播节目覆盖了当地高达60%的人口。
up t 60% f the lcal ppulatin is being reached thrugh these radi bradcasts.
11. 你怎么穿都无所谓，没人在意。
yu’re dressed. N ne cares.
12. 至关重要的是，我们要在全球范围内制定正确的规则。
It is crucial we get the rules right at the glbal level.
13. 资金形式的捐赠很可能在一周内到位。
It is likely the dnatin in the frm f funds will cme in ne week.
14. 事实证明，这种做法只有好处。
It has been prved the practice can nly d gd.
15. 人们普遍承认，月球是一个寂静的世界。
It is generally admitted the mn is a wrld f silence.
题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编）
1. Understanding ideas
MY 100 DAYS WITH MSF
22 March 2015
Tday we celebrate. It’s 1.____________(exact) ne mnth since the last 2.____________(reprt) case. But it is 3.____________(重要的) nt t take any chances. S, 20 health care wrkers frm almst as many cuntries, cmrades in arms, raise 4._____________(虚拟的) glasses 5._______ each ther.
I arrived 6._________Liberia with MSF almst three mnths ag. When I saw the 7._________________(凄惨的画面) n the news, I felt it was my duty 8._____a dctr t g there and 9.__________(提供)my help. I knew I was 10.__________________________(冒生命危险). but I thught, if I dn’t d it, wh will? It is imprtant t remember that Ebla desn’t respect natinal 11.________________(国界). There 12._______(be) n brders fr dctrs, fr patients r fr anyne else 13._______________ (invlve) 14.______ cmbating this terrible disease.
My missin was 15.______________(relieve) Emma, a 16.______________(Canada) 17.______________(special) 18.____infectius diseases 19.______the end f her psting. Emma spent an hur with me in the staff rm 20._______(talk) me 21.____________the daily rutine. As she talked, I culd hear at least three different languages 22.___________(speak) at the tables arund us. 23.__________(late), Emma intrduced me 24._____ sme f the thers wrking fr r alngside MSF: Wiltn, 25.___yung lcal man, 26._______ helped carry the very sick int the 27.____________(treat) clinic and wh 28.______________(消毒) clthing and surfaces; Maisy, a 29.____________(retire) public health fficial frm Darwin, Australia, 30.____________ lcal team f vlunteers educated peple 31.___ preventing 32._____________(infect); Alfns, a sft-spken Argentinian dctr 33._____ his 50s, wh had 34.____________(previus) wrked n Ebla utbreaks in Sierra Lene and Guinea. The list went n. I fund that I was the nly Chinese dctr 35.________peple f all ages, clurs and 36._____________(信仰) , frm every cntinent except Antarctica. With each persn I met, I felt a 37.____________(grw) 38._______________________(自豪感) as part f this extrardinary team, 39._______ devtin 40._____the cause shne frm their eyes
In the few weeks since then, I 41._______________(cme) t knw these peple very well. We have wrked tgether, 42._______________(surrund) by bld vmit and death. But, 43.___________ the 44.____________(死亡率) is very high, we will never give up 45._____ a patient, and ur effrts d smetimes end 46.____miracles
Just after my 47._____________(arrive), 48.___________________(一家六口)49. _______________(bring) here in the back f a van. All f them were infected. The twin girls and their parents sn died. We knew there was little hpe 50._____ the brthers but we did everything we culd 51.___________(save) them. When we visited the ward the next mrning, we were amazed 52._________(see) that 53._____________________(尽管困难重重；概率极低), 54.______ bys were still alive. Pascal and Daniel have since made a full 55._____________(recver). This small but 56.________________(expect) success 57.___________________(弥补)many ther 58.___________(little) frtunate cases.
59.___________________(catch) up in such a crisis creates 60.____________(pwer) 61._____________(连接，羁绊) between peple, nt nly between 62.___________(care) and patients, 63._____als between all thse 64.______have cme frm different parts f the wrld and jined tgether 65._________________________(因为共同事业). It is s 66._______________(令人鼓舞的) t have clleagues 67._____ Wiltn, Maisy, and Alfns, 68. _______________(更别提)all the thers I have wrked 69._________.
Nw my time is almst 70._____(结束). In a few days, smene else will arrive t step int my shes, and the 71.___________(tire) wrk that the MSF members d in mre than 70 cuntries and 72.____________(地区) arund the wrld 73._________(g) n. In a wrld still 74._____________(face) s many prblems, it is 75.___________(abslute) essential 76.____ us all t cllabrate 77.__________(create) a 78.________________________(“地球村”) with a 79._____________(share) future f peace and 80._______________(繁荣).
2. Develping ideas
The Wrds That Changed A Natin
1.______ a grey afternn n 19 Nvember 1863, a tall, thin man munted a 2.______________(讲台) in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began t speak. The place was the site f a recent battle 3._________ thusands f sldiers had died. The man was Abraham Lincln President f the United States f America and he was there 4.____________________(纪念) the sldiers wh had died. The speech he gave was just 268 wrds lng and 5._____(last) tw minutes. But this 6.______________(演说) t the crwd changed the minds f his peple and helped 7.__________(塑造) a natin.
At that time, America was 8.__________ (bitter) divided. Fr tw years, 9.______(it) peple had been deep in a 10.__________________(内战) between the slave-wning Cnfederate Suthern States 11._______the “free” Nrthern States f the Unin. The 12.____________(bad) battle lasted three days and 13.__________________(发生) at Gettysburg in 1863. The Unin side wn but 14.____________________(代价惨重). Over 50, 000 sldiers were killed r 15._______________(wund), and peple lst hpe and 16._______________(目标). What was all this 17._________________ (苦难) fr?
Lincln understd the feelings f the civilian peple. Hi speech gave them hpe, 18._____________(信念) and a reasn t lk t the future. He gave them 19._____________________(新的愿景) f 20._______ the United States f America shuld be, 21.___________(base) n the ideals 22.___________(set) dwn by its Funding Fathers 87 years befre. It was 23._______the sldiers had died fr. Nw it was 24.___________(取决于，依靠) the 25.____________(live) t remve nt nly the 26._____________(divide) between Nrth and Suth, 27.____________the bundaries between black and white and wrk 28.__________________(一步一步,逐渐地) twards the 29._____________(equal) f humankind.
The Gettysburg Address by Abraham Lincln
30._______________________________(87年前) ur fathers brught frth, upn this cntinent, a new natin, cnceived in Liberty, and dedicated 31.__________the prpsitin that all men are created equal.
Nw we 32. ________________(engage) in a great civil war, 33.___________(test) whether that natin, r any natin, s cnceived, and s dedicated, can lng endure. We are met here n a great battlefield f that war. We have cme t dedicate a prtin f it 34.______ a final resting place fr thse 35.______ here gave their lives that that natin might live. It is altgether fitting and prper that we shuld d this.
But 36._______________________(从更广泛意义上来说), we can nt dedicate-we can nt cnsecrate-we can nt hallw this grund. The brave men, living and dead, wh 37.________________(抗争) here, have cnsecrated it far abve ur pr pwer t add r detract. The wrld will little nte, nr lng remember, what we say here, but can never frget 38._______ they did here. It is fr us, the living rather t be dedicated here t the 39._______________(未完成的) wrk which they have, thus far, s 40.____________(nble) carried n. It is rather fr us t be here dedicated t the great task remaining befre us-that frm these hnred dead we take increased devtin t that cause fr which they here gave the last full measure f devtin -that we here highly reslve that these dead shall nt have died 41._____________(徒劳): that this natin shall have a new birth f 42.______________(free); and that this gvernment f the peple, by the peple, fr the peple, shall nt perish frm the earth.
题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题）
A
(2024-2025学年高二下·河南·月考) In the digital age, many yung peple tend t share marriage annuncements n scial media platfrms like Sina Weib. Yet a new trend has reemerged — publishing marriage annuncements in traditinal newspapers. ___1___quick search n the tpic “publishing marriage annuncements in newspapers” will bring up ___2___ (variety) psts, alng with thse wh have dne s sharing their experiences.
___3___shrt-lived digital psts, newspaper annuncements prvide a sense f permanence, ffering a meaningful way ___4___ (keep) memries during a time when digital cntent can’t last. Sme yung peple view publishing marriage annuncements in newspapers as mre frmal than ___5___in scial media, and they describe it as a ___6___ (cmmit) written in black ink and n white paper — a declaratin f the cuple’s prmise t grw ld tgether.
Hwever, this practice is nt a new phenmenn in China. In the first half f the twentieth century, when marriage laws were still underdevelped, such annuncements ___7___ (carry) legal significance. They allwed cuples t ___8___ (public) share their jyus news with their family and friends.
The regained ppularity serves as an example f ___9___ traditin can better adapt t mdern times. By cmbining cultural heritage with persnal creativity, it ffers meaningful rituals (仪式) in tday’s digital wrld. These annuncements, as symbls f lve and individuality, remind us that sme traditins are wrth ___10___ (preserve).
B
(2024-2025学年高二下·广东·阶段测试) Huang Xuhua, chief designer f China’s first-generatin nuclear submarines (潜艇), passed away n Thursday evening in Wuhan, Hubei prvince. He was 99.
Huang was brn in March 1926 in Guangdng prvince. At ___11___ age f 19, he entered Shanghai Jia Tng University t study shipbuilding. In 1958, Huang was selected t jin the research team ___12___ (task) with designing China’s first nuclear-pwered submarine.
At the___13___ (begin) f the design wrk, Huang and his clleagues had n prir knwledge in that field, and since ther cuntries were extremely ___14___ (prtect) f such technlgies, they had very few technical reference materials. The researchers eventually came up with five plans after ___15___ (piece) tgether all the infrmatin they culd find.
The team members didn’t have cmputers ___16___ digital calculatrs, s they used abacuses (算盘) and rulers t slve prblems. ___17___ (ensure) accurate calculatin results, they were divided int three grups t d the math at the same time and wuld recalculate if the results did nt match.
After years f painstaking effrts, China successfully built its first nuclear-pwered submarine in 1970, becming the ___18___ (five) natin t develp such technlgy.
Huang's name remained classified ___19___ 1987, when a magazine in Shanghai was allwed t publish a reprt abut him. Due t his utstanding cntributins, Huang ___20___ (award) the Medal f the Republic, China’s highest hnr, in 2019.
C
(2024-2025学年高二下·湖南·月考) Since President Richard Nixn’s ___21___ (histry)1972 visit t China, scientific cllabratin between China and the US has increased, particularly in health and medicine. In early 1980, ___22___ US delegatin visited China, which cnsisted ___23___ representatives frm the cuntry’s Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin, and directrs f the Natinal Institutes f Health and the Department f Health and Human Services. This effrt, ___24___ (supprt) by Chinese gvernment departments and academicians, quickly prmted jint prgrams n public health research. Over the next fur decades, the relatinship between Chinese and US health research institutins strengthened cnsiderably.
Nngvernmental institutins have played an ___25___ (increase) imprtant rle in prmting health exchange and cperatin between China and the US. The Bill & Melinda Gates Fundatin, fr instance, has partnered with a range f sectrs in China ___26___ (address) glbal health challenges. Since 2015, it has wrked with the Chinese Ministry f Cmmerce t supprt medical and agricultural develpment in African natins. In 2016, the fundatin partnered with Tsinghua University and the Peple’s Gvernment f Beijing Municipality t establish the Glbal Drug Discvery Institute, ___27___ prmtes health initiatives in ___28___ (develp) cuntries.
Since 2017, the China-US Track Ⅱ Dialgue n Healthcare___29___ (emerge) as a platfrm fr bilateral health cperatin. C-hsted by the Natinal Schl f Develpment at Peking University and the Natinal Cmmittee n US-China Relatins, this annual event ___30___ (facilitate) extensive discussin between health experts frm bth natins.
定义及基本用法
定义
当动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或者从句作句子的主语时，通常用it(不能用that，this等词) 来作形式主语代替它们，而将真正的主语放在后面，以保持句子结构的平衡。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
基本用法
(1) it作不定式的形式主语句型
It＋be＋名词/名词词组＋t d sth.，这类名词有：a pleasure，a fact等
It＋be＋形容词＋(fr sb.)＋t d sth.，这类形容词用来描述不定式行为本身的性质有：wrng，right，imprtant，difficult，easy等
It is＋形容词＋f sb.＋t d sth.，这些形容词用来描述不定式行为者的性格、品行等时，不定式前常可加一个由f引起的短语。这类句型所涉及的常用形容词有：kind，gd，plite，selfish等
It takes＋sb.＋时间或金钱＋t d sth.，这是一个表示某人花了多少时间或金钱做某事的句型。其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式，句中的sb.也可省略
(2) it作动名词的形式主语的常用句型
It＋be＋名词/名词词组＋ding sth.，这类名词有：(n) use，a waste f time等
用法
例句
It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句
It's certain that William will d well in the exam.威廉肯定能考得很好。
It＋be＋名词/名词词组＋主语从句，这类名词有：a fact，a pity，a shame等
It is a fact that English is being accepted as an internatinal language all ver the wrld. 事实上，在世界范围内英语是公认的国际语言。
It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句，这类过去分词有：knwn，annunced，believed，decided等
It is knwn t all that Christpher Clumbus discvered America in 1492. 众所周知，克里斯托夫·哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。
It＋不及物动词＋主语从句，这类动词有：seem，matter，strike，ccur等
It ccurred t me that he had gne t the USA.我突然想到他已经去美国了。