北师大版高中英语必修第二册Unit 5 Humans and Nature 单词知识点清单

这是一份北师大版高中英语必修第二册Unit 5 Humans and Nature 单词知识点清单，共3页。
Unit 5 Humans and Nature【Topic Talk】disaster n.灾难；灾祸 disastrous adj.灾难性的 natural disasters 自然灾难 a disastrous harvest 严重歉收flood n.①洪水，水灾；②大量的事物 v.①淹没；②大量涌入；③[感觉/回忆]涌上心头 a flood of complaints大量的投诉 be flooded with 挤满；大量收到… in floods of tears 泪如雨下 She came downstairs in floods of tears. flood over sb（感觉）涌上心头[sweep over sb]  flood back 涌现[sweep back/crowd in on sb] Memories of my time in Paris flooded back.drought n.旱灾，干旱 dry adj.干燥的，干旱的 vt.使…变干 dry up （河流，湖泊）干涸 Her mouth felt as dry as a bone.volcanic adj.火山的 volcano n.火山[volcanoes/volconos] eruption n.爆发 erupt v.①爆发；②突然发生[=break out] volcanic eruptions 火山喷发wildlife n.野生动植物[U] a wildlife habitat 野生动物栖息地comment n.评论；批评 vt.表达意见 make comments on/about sth 对某事作出评论 comment on/upon 评论… No comment. 无可奉告。crowded adj.①拥挤的；②挤满的[packed] crowd v.①挤满；②涌上（心头）n.人群，群众 a room crowded with books 堆满书籍的房间 be crowded with 挤满… crowds of/a crowd of 成群的 the crowd 民众；老百姓 crowd into 大批涌入 crowd into one's mind 涌上某人的心头[crowd in on sb]living adj.①活着的；②在使用的 n.生计，谋生 live adj.①活的；②现场直播的，现场演出的 v.①居住；②（以某种方式）生活 alive adj.①活着；②有活力[not before noun] lively adj.生气勃勃的[animated] living creatures 生物 make/earn a living 谋生 make sth come alive 让某物生动起来 live coverage of the World Cup 世界杯赛的实况转播 live on 继续活着，继续存在 live up to 符合，不辜负 live on/off sth 以吃…为主 live with sth 忍受，容忍 live through 经历（灾难）而幸存 ecology n.生态学 ecological adj.生态的，生态学的 ecologist n.生态学家shock vt.使震惊 n.①震惊；②休克 shocked adj.震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的 in shock 处于震惊中 sb be in a state of shock 某人震惊不已 be shocked at 对…感到震惊 be shocked that 震惊于 be shocked to see/hear/know… 看到/听到/知道…很震惊 a shoked look/expression 震惊的表情 lecture n.①讲座；②演讲 v.讲授，开讲座 lecture on/in sth 讲授overuse vt.过度使用，滥用 overdo vt.把…做得过火，过度做 overlook vt.①忽视，忽略；②俯视 overcome vt.①克服；②受到…的极大影响 overwhelm vt.（感情或感觉）充溢 overweigh vt.重于 overtake vt.超过，赶上million n.百万 millionaire n.百万富翁 billionaire n.亿万富翁turn one's back on sb/sth 对…置之不理，对…撒手不管 turn off 使厌烦，使失去兴趣 turn sb away from sth 把某人拒之门外 turn down ①调低；②拒绝 turn up ①调大；②露面 turn in 上交 turn over 移交 turn to sb (for help) 向某人寻求帮助title n.①题目，标题；②头衔，职称 vt.给…加标题，定题目[usually passive]【Lesson 1】wave v.①招手，挥手；②飘动，飘扬 n.①海浪；②(情绪的) 波动；③波 wave at/to sb 朝某人挥手 wave sb goodbye=wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别 a wave of panic/fear 一阵恐慌/恐惧 A wave of panic spread through the crowd.  radio/sound waves 无线电波；声波escape vi./vt.①逃跑；②被忘掉n.逃跑 escape (doing) sth 逃脱（做）某事 escape death 死里逃生 escape from the prison 越狱 have a narrow escape 死里逃生 His name escaped me. survive v.①幸存；②生存；③比…活得长 survival n.幸存；幸存事物  survivor n.幸存者 survive on sth 依靠…生活 survive sb by +时间 比某人多活多久 survive the earthquake/a natural disaster 在地震/自然灾害中幸存 float vi.①漂，浮；②浮动，飘动 float in an ocean of sadness 漂浮在悲伤的海洋里descent n.下降，下落 ascent n.上升，升高poetry n.诗歌[U] poem n.诗[C] poet n.诗人mystery n.神秘事物 mysterious adj.神秘的frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的 fright n.惊吓 frighten v.使惊吓；使惊恐  frightening adj.可怕的；令人不安的 be frightened/scared of (doing) sth 害怕（做）某事be frightened/scared that… 害怕… be frightened/scared to do sth 不敢做某事 be frightened to death 吓得要死 frighten/scare…away/off 把…吓走（或吓跑）horrible adj.①可怕的；②令人恐惧的 horribly adv.可怕地 horror n.恐惧；震惊 horrify v.使厌恶 in horror 惊恐地 Her eyes were wide with horror. 她吓得目瞪口呆。edge n.①边缘；②刀刃 the leading/cutting edge 领先地位；（尤指技术上的）前沿  leading-edge adj.尖端的 at the leading edge of scientific research 在科学研究的前沿curious adj.好奇的 curiously adv.好奇地 curiosity n.好奇心 be curious about sth 对某物好奇 satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 out of curiosity 出于好奇心 with curiosity=curiously 好奇地observation n.观察 observe v.①观察；②遵守；③庆祝 observer n.观察者；目击者 observe the law 遵守法律 observe the Spring Festival 庆祝春节 under observation 在观察中 observe sb doing/do sth 看到某人正在做/做某事equal adj.①相等的；②平等的；③能胜任的 v.等于；比得上 equally adv.平等地；同样地 equality n.均等，相等 equal opportunities/rights 平等的机会/权利 be equal to ①与…相等；②能胜任 be equal in size/length/quality 尺寸/长度/质量相等 racial/social/sexual equality 种族/社会/男女平等extent n.程度，限度 to some extent 在某种程度上=to a certain extent The book discusses the extent to which family life has changed over the past 50 yearstube n.①圆管，管子[pipe]；②地铁[underground/subway]【Lesson 2】rescue vt.营救，救援 n.①救援；②营救行动 come/go to one's rescue 营救某人trap vt.困住；使落于险境 n.陷阱；圈套 trapped adj.受困的 be trapped in...　被困在…… trap sb into doing sth 诱骗某人做某事 set/lay a trap 设置陷阱；布下圈套 fall/walk into a trap 落入陷阱/圈套attempt n.尝试，努力 vt.尝试，努力 attempted adj.未遂的 attempt to do sth =make an attempt to do =make an attemptat doing sth 试图做某事 in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 an attempted suicide/murder 自杀/谋杀未遂interrupt vt.打断讲话 interruption n.打断 intervene vi.①出面，介入；②插嘴，打断 intervention n.干涉 interfere vi.干涉，介入 interference n.干涉，介入death n.死亡 die v.死；消亡；渴望[dying][died—died] dying adj.垂死的；濒临消亡的 deadly adj.致死的 adv.极其(=extremely) dead adj.死的；死气沉沉的 adv.完全地(=completely)loss n.①丧失，损失；②死亡 lose vt.丢失；输；失去 lost adj.迷路的；丢失的 loss of interest/confidence 失去兴趣/信心 at a loss 不知所措  be lost in thought 陷入沉思 lose onself in...=be lost in... 专心于… [=be absorbed in=be buried in=put one's heart into =focus one's attention on=concentrate one's attention on=apply oneself to]damage n.伤害，损害 cause/do damage to　给……带来/造成损害 be badly damaged 遭受严重损害 damage one’s health 损害某人的健康measure n.措施 v.衡量，测量 Link-v.（长度、尺寸）量度为 measurement n.测量的结果；测量 take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事 a bridge measuring 5 meters 5米长的桥 make...to one's measure 照某人的尺寸做(衣服)operation n.①操作；②手术 operate vt.①操作；②运营 vi.①运转；②做手术 operator n.操作人员，接线员 in operation 正在运作 operate on sb 给某人做手术overseas adj.海外的 adv.在海外 The product is sold both at home and overseas.site n.现场；建筑工地 on site 在现场 a building/construction site 建筑工地process n.过程，进程vt.处理，加工 processed adj.已加工的 in the process of (doing) sth 在（做）某事的过程中 the ageing process 老化过程 a slow/painful process 漫长的/痛苦的过程 duty n.职责，义务；值班 on duty 值班suffering n.疼痛，苦难[U] suffer v.受苦；遭受 sufferer n.受难者 sufferings n.痛苦，苦恼[pl.] suffer from a headache/mental illness 患有头疼/精神疾病 suffer pain/defeat/hardship/loss/setback 遭受痛苦/失败/苦难/损失/挫折conduct vt.①实施，进行；②指挥；③举止 n.行为[U] conductor n.指挥官，售票员 conduct a choir 指挥合唱团 conduct/perform/carry out a survey 进行调查 conduct oneself 举止得体 a strict code of conduct 严格的行为规范protection n.保护，防护 protect vt.保护  protected adj.受到保护的 protective adj.防护的[only before noun]breathe vi./vt.呼吸 breath n.呼入的空气[U]；一次吸入的空气[C] breathtaking adj.令人惊叹的 take one's breath away 令人惊叹 out of breath 上气不接下气 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸  take a deep breath 深深吸一口气 breathe in/out 呼入/出dust n.灰尘 dusty adj.布满灰尘的run out 用完；耗尽[物作主语] run out of 用完[人作主语] 用完某物 sth runs out=sth be used up=sth gives out【Lesson 3】explorer n.探险家 explore vt.探索；探究 exploration n.探索；探究preparation n.①预备，准备[U]；②准备工作[C,usually pl.]  prepare v.使做好准备，使有准备 prepared adj.准备好的[not before noun] in preparation for sth 为某事做准备 make preparations for sth 为某事做准备 prepare for... 为…做准备 prepare the ground for sth 为某事准备条件 prepare sth for sb 为某人准备某物 prepare sb for sth 让某人为某事做好准备base n.基地；根据 v.以…为据点 a military base 军事基地 base A on/upon B=A be based on/upon B A以B为基础 basis n.①基础；②准则，方式；③原由[复bases] on the basis of sth 基于，根据 on a regular//permanent/temporary basis 以定期/永久/临时性的方式  basic adj.①基本的；②初级的 basics n.基本生活用品；基本要点anxiously adv.焦虑地，不安地 anxious adj.①焦虑；②渴望  anxiety n.焦虑 an anxious look/expression 忧虑的目光/表情 be anxious about sth担心某事 be anxious for sb 担心某人be anxious for sth 渴望某事 be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事break down①出故障；②身体垮掉；③分解；④情不自禁哭起来； ⑤破坏，消除（某种感情或态度）  break up 结束（关系等） break in ①打断；②强行而入，破门而入[vi.]  break out ①突然开始；爆发 break through 作出新的重大发现[vi.] break into ①强行闯入；②突然开始（笑、唱等）；③突然开始（跑）[break into a run]ambition n.①追求的目标，夙愿[C]；②雄心，抱负[U] ambitious adj.雄心勃勃的 achieve/realize/fulfill one's ambition 实现某人的抱负  motivated by personal ambition 为个人野心所驱使 have an ambition to do sth/of doing sth 有做某事的理想/夙愿cheerful adj.高兴的；令人愉快的 cheerfully adv.高兴地；愉快地 cheer n.欢呼声；喝彩声 v.欢呼；加油；鼓舞 cheer up 高兴起来，振作起来 cheer sb on 为某人加油 cheer for 为…而欢呼prove v.①证明，证实[vt.]；②证明是，结果是[Link-Verb][proved—proved/proven] proven adj.经过验证或证实的 proof n.证明，证据 adj.防…的 prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事 rainproof/windproof clothing 防雨/防风服装 ①The design proved to be a success.②We have been accused of exaggerating before, but unfortunately all our reports proved to be true.distant adj.①久远的，遥远的；②远房的；③冷淡的，疏远的[remote]  distance n.距离 v.疏远 in the distance 在远方；在远处  at a distance (of +距离) 从远处 keep sb at a distance 与某人保持距离 distance oneself from sb/sth 疏远某人/某物honesty n.坦诚；诚实 honest adj.诚实的；坦率的 honestly adv.诚实地 to be honest 老实说=honestly (speaking) be honest with sb 对某人坦诚 be honest about sth对某事没有隐瞒sincerity n.真诚；真挚 sincere adj.真诚的；衷心的 sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地bravery n.勇气，勇敢之举[U] brave adj.勇敢的；需要勇气的 vt.勇敢面对 bravely adv.勇敢地 courage n.勇气，勇敢[U] courageous adj.勇敢的，无畏的【Writing Workshop】 shelter n.①避难所[C]；②居所[U]；③遮蔽，庇护[U] vt.保护，掩蔽 vi.躲避 shelter...from... 保护…免于… take shelter from sth 躲避某物 under the shelter of sth 在某物的庇护下observe vt.①观察到；②遵守；③庆祝 observation n.观察 observer n.观察者 observe the law 遵守法律 observe the Spring Festival 庆祝春节 under observation 在观察中 observe sb doing/do sth 看到某人正在做/做某事【Reading Club 1】varied adj.①各种各样的；②变化的，多变的 vary vi.①不同[=differ]；②变化 variety n.多样性；变化 various adj.各种各样的 variation n.变化，变体 vary in quality/size/price 在质量/尺寸/价格方面有所不同 vary with 随…而变化 vary from person to person 因人而已scary adj.吓人的，恐怖的 scare vt.吓唬 n.恐慌，恐惧 scared adj.害怕的；惊恐的 scare sb/sth away 把…吓跑 be scared of (doing) sth 害怕（做）某事 be scared to do sth 害怕做某事 be scared that 害怕… be scared to death 吓得要死harmless adj.无害的 harm n./vt.伤害，损害 harmful adj.有害的 do sb harm=do harm to sb 对某人有害 be harmful to sb/sth 对某人/某物有害 mean no harm (to sb) （对某人）没有恶意 There is no harm in doing sth 做某事无害处【Reading Club 2】originality n.独创性，创造力 originate v.起源于，发端于 originally adv.原先，最初 origin n.起源 original adj.①最初的；②原作的；③有独创性的 n.原作，原件disappearance n.消亡，消失 disappear v.①消失，不见；②灭绝，消亡 appearance n.①外貌，外观；②出现，首次使用 appear vi.出现 Link-Verb似乎，看来[seem]  appear to do sth 似乎… It appears that... 看来…