四川省巴中市2025届高三下学期二模英语试题（解析版）

这是一份四川省巴中市2025届高三下学期二模英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are yu an authr wh lves science fictin? D yu have an idea fr a super shrt stry that needs t be shared with the wrld? If yur answer t bth f thse questins is yes, this cmpetitin is fr yu!
Rules
The cmpetitin can be fr any age grup, fr anyne wh lves science fictin in the wrld.
We will be accepting submissins frm Nvember 28th, 2023 t April 1st, 2024. The winners will be infrmed by June 15th, 2024.
Entries must be under 500 wrds and include element s f science fictin. They must be submitted befre the deadline and the entrant must have paid the fee f $10 befre submissin.
Entrants can submit as many entries as they like. All entries must be submitted using the given nline frm. If yu need sme help, please dn’t hesitate t email r call Sadie. She can help yu get yur stry submitted!
Prizes
There are 3 cash prizes: $500 fr the champin, $150 fr the runner-up, and $50 fr thers wh are highly creative in writing.
Winning stries will be made available t the public thrugh a magazine and be shared nline.
Financial Assistance
There are 10 places fr thse writers wh have sme ideas t share but can’t affrd the fee. We will be respnsible fr it.
1. Which f the fllwing is the entry requirement?
A. It can nly be submitted upn payment f $10.
B. It shuld be ver 500 wrds in length.
C. It is required t be delivered t Sadie.
D. It must be cmpleted nline.
2. What prize will the champin receive?
A. Fifty dllars as a cash prize.
B. Refund fr the participatin cst.
C. A chance fr his stry t be published.
D. Unlimited access t sci-fi publicatins.
3. What kind f article is this text?
A. An assessment.
B. A handbk.
C. A schedule.
D. A ntice.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是一则科幻短篇小说创作比赛的通知，邀请热爱科幻的创作者分享超短篇故事创意。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rules（规则）部分的“They must be submitted befre the deadline and the entrant must have paid the fee f $10 befre submissin.( 它们必须在截止日期前提交，参赛者必须在提交前支付10美元的费用。)”可知，参赛要求是必须在支付10美元后提交。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prizes（奖品）部分的“Winning stries will be made available t the public thrugh a magazine and be shared nline.( 获奖故事将通过杂志向公众公布，并在网上分享。)”可知，冠军将有机会发表自己的故事。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文题目Science Fictin Writing Cmpetitin（科幻小说写作比赛）以及第一段“Are yu an authr wh lves science fictin? D yu have an idea fr a super shrt stry that needs t be shared with the wrld? If yur answer t bth f thse questins is yes, this cmpetitin is fr yu.( 你是一个喜欢科幻小说的作家吗？你有一个需要与全世界分享的超短篇小说的想法吗？如果你对这两个问题的回答都是肯定的，那么这场比赛就是为你准备的。)”和下文Rules（规则）、Prizes（奖品）、Financial Assistance（经济援助）可知，本文向读者通知了科幻小说写作比赛的规则、奖品等，可推理出本文是一则通知。故选D。
B
Grwing up in the ht Las Vegas desert, all I wanted was t be free. I wuld daydream abut traveling the wrld, living in a place where it snwed.
At the age f 19, the day after I graduated frm high schl, I mved t a place where it snwed and I fund my dream jb. Fr the first time in my life, I felt free, independent and cmpletely in cntrl f my life. That is, until my life tk a detur (转折点). I went hme frm wrk early ne day with what I thught was the flu, and less than 24 hurs later I was in the hspital n life supprt with less than a 2% chance f living.
Over the curse f tw and a half mnths I lst the hearing in my left ear and bth f my legs belw the knee. I thught the wrst was ver until weeks later when I saw my new artificial legs fr the first time. They were s painful that all I culd think was, hw am I ever ging t travel the wrld in these things? And hw was I ging t snwbard again?
But I knew that in rder t mve frward, I had t let g f the ld Self and learn t embrace the new Self. And that is when it dawned n me that if I snwbarded again, my feet aren’t ging t get cld.
Fur mnths later I was back up n a snwbard, althugh things didn’t g quite as expected: My knees and my ankles wuldn’t bend. But I knew that I wuld be able t d this again if I culd find the right pair f feet.
I did a year f research, still culdn’t figure ut what kind f legs t use. S I decided t make a pair myself. My leg maker and I put randm parts tgether and we made a pair f feet that I culd snwbard in. Then in 2005 I cfunded a nnprfit rganizatin fr yuth with physical disabilities s they culd get invlved with actin sprts.
Eleven years ag, when I lst my legs, I had n idea what t expect. But if yu ask me tday, if I wuld ever want t change my situatin, I wuld have t say n. Because my legs haven’t disabled me. They’ve frced me t rely n my imaginatin and t believe in the pssibilities.
4. What was the authr’s reactin upn seeing her new legs fr the first time?
A. Encuraged.B. Hpeless.C. Shcked.D. Thrilled.
5. Which element mst cntributed t the authr changing her thught tward her situatin?
A. The assistance frm a nnprfit rganizatin.B. The inspiratin frm research.
C. The passin fr snwbard.D. The ptimistic attitude.
6. Her effrts might create pprtunities fr physically challenged yung peple like herself t ________.
A. wander the EarthB. flex their knees and ankles
C. participate in actin sprtsD. recver frm their disabilities
7. What des this article cnvey?
A. A willing heart makes everything pssible.B. Deeds carry mre weight than wrds.
C. Skill grws thrugh persistent effrt.D. Dn’t judge a bk by its binding.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了19岁时，从小渴望自由的作者搬到有雪的地方，却因病失去双腿和左耳听力。之后作者自制滑雪义肢，还创立非营利组织，认为失去双腿让自己更依赖想象力并相信无限可能。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“I thught the wrst was ver until weeks later when I saw my new artificial legs fr the first time. They were s painful that all I culd think was, hw am I ever ging t travel the wrld in these things? And hw was I ging t snwbard again?(我原以为最糟糕的时刻已经过去了，直到数周之后我第一次看到自己的新假肢时才意识到情况并非如此。这些假肢实在是太疼了，我所能想到的只有：我怎么能穿着这样的东西去环游世界呢？还有，我又能怎样再次去滑雪呢？)”可知，当作者第一次看到自己的新假肢时，作者觉得很绝望，不知道自己该如何继续自己的生活。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But I knew that in rder t mve frward, I had t let g f the ld Self and learn t embrace the new Self. And that is when it dawned n me that if I snwbarded again, my feet aren’t ging t get cld.(但我明白，要想继续前行，我就必须放下过去的自我，学会接纳新的自我。就在那时，我突然意识到，如果我再次去滑雪板，我的双脚就不会再冻僵了)”可知，作者一开始觉得很绝望不知道如何走下去，但是作者积极的态度帮助作者学会接纳新的自我。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Then in 2005 I cfunded a nnprfit rganizatin fr yuth with physical disabilities s they culd get invlved with actin sprts.(随后在 2005 年，我与人共同创立了一个面向残疾青少年的非营利组织，旨在让他们能够参与到极限运动中来)”可知，作者的努力帮助自己和其他身体残疾的年轻人参与到极限运动中。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Eleven years ag, when I lst my legs, I had n idea what t expect. But if yu ask me tday, if I wuld ever want t change my situatin, I wuld have t say n. Because my legs haven’t disabled me. They’ve frced me t rely n my imaginatin and t believe in the pssibilities.(十年前，当我失去双腿时，我完全不知道接下来会发生什么。但如今如果有人问我，如果有机会改变当时的状况，我是否会想要改变呢？我肯定会回答‘不会’。因为我的双腿并没有让我丧失能力，而是促使我依靠自己的想象力，并相信一切皆有可能)”以及文章讲述尽管作者在成长过程中经历了巨大的挫折，包括失去听力和双腿，但她并没有放弃，而是通过努力和决心重新站起来，甚至成立了一个非营利组织来帮助其他身体有残疾的青年。她的故事展示了强烈的意愿和决心可以克服一切困难。故选A。
C
While sme allergies (过敏症) disappear ver time r with treatment, thers last a lifetime. Fr decades, scientists have been searching fr the surce f these lifetime allergies.
Recently, researchers fund that memry B cells may be invlved. These cells prduce a different class f antibdies knwn as IgG, which ward ff viral infectins. But n ne had identified exactly which f thse cells were recalling allergens r hw they switched t making the IgE antibdies respnsible fr allergies. T uncver the mysterius cells, tw research teams tk a deep dive int the immune (免疫的) cells f peple with allergies and sme withut.
Immunlgist Jshua Kenig and clleagues examined mre than 90,000 memry B cells frm six peple with birch allergies, fur peple allergic t dust mites and five peple with n allergies. Using a technique called RNA sequencing, the team identified specific memry B cells, which they named MBC2s, that make antibdies and prteins assciated with the immune respnse that causes allergies.
In anther experiment, Keni g and clleagues used a peanut prtein t g fishing fr memry B cells frm peple with peanut allergies. The team pulled ut the same type f cells fund in peple with birch and dust mite allergies. In peple with peanut allergies, thse cells increased in number and prduced IgE antibdies as the peple started treatment t desensitize them t peanut allergens.
Anther grup led by Maria Curtt de Lafaille, an immunlgist at the Icahn Schl f Medicine at Munt Sinai in New Yrk City, als fund that similar cells were mre plentiful in 58 children allergic t peanuts than in 13 kids withut allergies. The team fund that the cells are ready t switch frm making prtective IgG antibdies t allergy-causing IgE antibdies. Even befre the switch, the cells were making RNA fr IgE but didn’t prduce the prtein. Making that RNA enables the cells t switch the ty pe f antibdies they make when they encunter allergens. The signal t switch partially depends n a prtein called JAK, the grup discvered. “Stpping JAK frm sending the signal culd help prevent the memry cells frm switching t IgE prductin,” Lafaille says. She als predicts that allergists may be able t examine aspects f these memry cells t frecast whether a patient’s allergy is likely t last r disappear with time r treatment.
“Knwing which ppulatin f cells stre allergies in lng-term memry may eventually help scientists identify ther ways t kill the allergy cells,” says Cecilia Berin, an immunlgist at Nrthwestern University Feinberg Schl f Medicine. “Yu culd ptentially get rid f nt nly yur peanut allergy but als all f yur allergies.”
8. Scientists examined the immune cells f peple with allergies and thse withut ________.
A. T identify the cells that prtect against allergic reactins.
B. T reveal cells cntributing t allergy develpment.
C. T discver new antibdies knwn as IgG and IgE.
D. T cmpare the distinctins between IgG and IgE.
9. What is the mst likely meaning f the underlined wrd “desensitize” in Paragraph 4?
A. Make…reduce prtectin.B. Make…reduce efficacy.
C. Make…less respnsive.D. Make…less harmful.
10. What can we infer frm the tw research teams’ wrk?
A. JAK plays a part in maintaining antibdy prductin during allergen challenge.
B. Memry B cells generate bth RNA fr IgE and the crrespnding prtein.
C. MBC2s generate antibdies and prteins that prevent allergies.
D. Allergists can predict whether an allergy will last r disappear.
11. Which is the best title fr the passage?
A. RNA Sequencing Serves in Immunlgy Research
B. Specific Cells Related t Peanut Allergies Are Identified
C. Newfund Immune Cells Are the Cause f Lng-lasting Allergies
D. Unmasking Cells’ Identities Helps Identify and Manage Allergic Cnditins
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了近期研究发现，记忆B细胞中的 MBC2s 可能与终身过敏有关，其能从产生保护性 IgG 抗体转为引发过敏的 IgE 抗体，这或助预测过敏是否持续及研发新疗法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“But n ne had identified exactly which f thse cells were recalling allergens r hw they switched t making the IgE antibdies respnsible fr allergies. T uncver the mysterius cells, tw research teams tk a deep dive int the immune (免疫的) cells f peple with allergies and sme withut.(但此前尚未有人确切指出这些细胞中究竟哪些在“识别”过敏原，以及它们又是如何转变成产生引发过敏反应的 IgE 抗体的。为了揭开这些神秘细胞的面纱，两个研究团队对有过敏症的人和没有过敏症的人的免疫细胞进行了深入研究)”可知，科学家研究过敏和没有过敏的个体的免疫细胞是为了揭示与发生过敏有关的细胞。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Using a technique called RNA sequencing, the team identified specific memry B cells, which they named MBC2s, that make antibdies and prteins assciated with the immune respnse that causes allergies.(通过一种名为“RNA 测序”的技术，研究团队发现了特定的记忆 B 细胞，他们将其命名为“MBC2s”。这些细胞能够产生与引发过敏反应的免疫反应相关的抗体和蛋白质)”可知，记忆B细胞会产生与导致过敏的免疫反应相关的抗体和蛋白质；结合划线词前“thse cells increased in number and prduced IgE antibdies(这些细胞的数量增加并产生IgE抗体)”可知，记忆B细胞数量增加并产生抗体，说明不再过敏，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“使……不再过敏”意义相近。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The team fund that the cells are ready t switch frm making prtective IgG antibdies t allergy-causing IgE antibdies. Even befre the switch, the cells were making RNA fr IgE but didn’t prduce the prtein. Making that RNA enables the cells t switch the ty pe f antibdies they make when they encunter allergens. The signal t switch partially depends n a prtein called JAK, the grup discvered.(该团队发现，这些细胞已准备好从产生保护性 IgG 抗体转变为产生引发过敏反应的 IgE 抗体。即便在这一转变尚未发生之前，这些细胞就已经在制造 IgE 的 RNA，但并未生成相应的蛋白质。制造这种 RNA 使细胞能够在接触过敏原时改变所生成的抗体类型。该团队发现，触发这种转变的信号部分取决于一种名为 JAK 的蛋白质)”可知，当暴露于过敏原时，JAK在控制抗体产生中起作用。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Fr decades, scientists have been searching fr the surce f these lifetime allergies.(几十年来，科学家们一直在寻找这些终生过敏的来源)”以及第二段“Recently, researchers fund that memry B cells may be invlved.(最近，研究人员发现记忆B细胞可能参与其中)”可知，本文主要讲述为了揭开这些神秘的细胞，两个研究小组深入研究了过敏人群和非过敏人群的免疫细胞，最终确定了特定的记忆B细胞；C项“新发现的免疫细胞是造成长期过敏的原因”可以概括本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选C。
D
Frm rdering fd t buying a new bk t making a charitable dnatin, mre and mre decisins that used t be made n paper are nw being made n digital devices like tablets, phnes, and cmputers. And this trend twards digitizatin has many advantages, in particular when it cmes t efficiency and sustainability — but culd it als be negatively influencing hw we make decisins?
We cnducted a series f studies with mre than 2,500 participants acrss the U. S. and China t explre the impact f the medium yu use t make a decisin, with a particular fcus n decisins with sme srt f mral cmpnent, such as whether r nt t make a dnatin t a charity, r whether t chse a healthy r unhealthy entrée (主菜) at a restaurant. We asked the participants t make a variety f these srts f chices using either a paper frm r a digital tablet, and despite cntrlling fr all ther variables (变量), we cnsistently fund that peple wh used paper made mre mral decisins than thse wh used a digital device. Fr example, participants wh read their chices and made a selectin n paper were significantly mre likely t give mney t charity, chse a healthy entree, and pt fr an educatinal bk rather than smething mre entertaining.
Why might this be? Our research suggests that the key mechanism driving this effect is hw “real” the decisin feels. We asked participants in tw f ur studies t describe hw real a decisin felt, as well as the extent t which they believed the decisin as representing wh they were as peple, and they cnsistently indicated that making a chice n paper felt mre real and representative than making the same decisin n a digital device.
It may seem like a minr detail, but ur research shws that the medium with which yur custmers, emplyees, r cmmunity members make a decisin can have a majr impact n the chices they make. This has implicatins (暗示) fr marketers, plicymakers, and anyne seeking t encurage any srt f virtuus behaviur. Fr example, t encurage custmers t chse healthier ptins, restaurants might cnsider pting fr paper rather than digital menus. Similarly, parents and educatrs might pt t prvide students with paper rather than nline bk rder frms, t increase the chances that they’ll chse educatinal reading materials.
12. What can be drawn frm the studies?
A. Peple using paper t make a mre virtuus decisin.
B. Digitalizatin drives ur life mre different and sustainable.
C. When deciding, participants prefer paper t a digital devices.
D. The medium invlved in decisin-making significantly influences us.
13. What is the main mechanism f this influence mentined in the text?
A. Peple’s cncern abut their identity when making decisins n paper.
B. The real feeling linked t making decisins n paper.
C. Public resistance t trend twards digitalizatin.
D. The cnsciusness f envirnmental prtectin.
14. What can we infer frm the last paragraph abut the results f the study?
A. It can stand the lng-term evaluatin.
B. It makes sense withut exceptin.
C. It has rm fr imprvement.
D. It ffers practical value.
15. What’s the key pint f the text?
A. Educatinal reading resurces shuld be supplied in the frm f paper.
B. Using pen and paper cntributes t making mre mral chices.
C. Everyne shuld make a respnsible chice.
D. Pen and paper needn’t be replaced.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了使用纸质媒介做决定比数字设备更易做出道德决策。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“We asked the participants t make a variety f these srts f chices using either a paper frm r a digital tablet, and despite cntrlling fr all ther variables (变量), we cnsistently fund that peple wh used paper made mre mral decisins than thse wh used a digital device. (我们要求参与者使用纸质表格或数字平板电脑来做出各种此类选择，尽管我们控制了所有其他变量，但我们始终发现，使用纸质表格的人比使用数字设备的人做出的道德决策更多。)”可知，研究发现使用纸质表格的人比使用数字设备的人作出了更有道德的决定。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Our research suggests that the key mechanism driving this effect is hw “real” the decisin feels. We asked participants in tw f ur studies t describe hw real a decisin felt, as well as the extent t which they believed the decisin as representing wh they were as peple, and they cnsistently indicated that making a chice n paper felt mre real and representative than making the same decisin n a digital device. (我们的研究表明，驱动这一效应的关键机制在于决策的“真实感”。在两项研究中，我们要求参与者描述某项决策的真实感，以及他们认为该决策在多大程度上反映了自身的人格特质。参与者一致表示，相比在数字设备上做选择，用纸做出的选择感觉更真实，也更能代表自我。)”可知，文中提到的这种影响的主要机制是与在纸上做决定相关的真实感。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It may seem like a minr detail, but ur research shws that the medium with which yur custmers, emplyees, r cmmunity members make a decisin can have a majr impact n the chices they make. This has implicatins (暗示) fr marketers, plicymakers, and anyne seeking t encurage any srt f virtuus behaviur. Fr example, t encurage custmers t chse healthier ptins, restaurants might cnsider pting fr paper rather than digital menus. Similarly, parents and educatrs might pt t prvide students with paper rather than nline bk rder frms, t increase the chances that they’ll chse educatinal reading materials. (这看似是一个微小的细节，但我们的研究表明，客户、员工或社区成员做出决策时所使用的媒介，可能会对他们的选择产生重大影响。这对营销人员、政策制定者以及任何试图鼓励某种良性行为的人都有启示。例如，为了鼓励顾客选择更健康的菜品，餐厅或许可以考虑使用纸质菜单而非电子菜单。同样，家长和教育工作者可能会选择向学生提供纸质的图书订购单而非在线订购表，以增加他们选择教育类阅读材料的可能性。)”可知，研究结果具有实用价值。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第二段中“We asked the participants t make a variety f these srts f chices using either a paper frm r a digital tablet, and despite cntrlling fr all ther variables (变量), we cnsistently fund that peple wh used paper made mre mral decisins than thse wh used a digital device. (我们要求参与者使用纸质表格或数字平板电脑来做出各种此类选择，尽管我们控制了所有其他变量，但我们始终发现，使用纸质表格的人比使用数字设备的人做出的道德决策更多。)”可知，文章主要讲述了使用纸质媒介做决定比数字设备更易做出道德决策。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw hardships make yu strnger
Past hardships can help yu carry n in the face f current stress. Peple wh experienced a medium level f hardship reprted better mental health and higher life satisfactin ver time cmpared t bth thse wh reprted a high histry f hardship and thse with n histry f hardship. ___16___
They can bring grwth after sufferings. We may find it difficult t believe the suffering experiences will eventually lead t sme type f grwth. ___17___. Pst-traumatic (创伤后的) grwth is the experience f psitive change after ging thrugh a significantly stressful event. Researchers have discvered tw cmmn themes that peple tend t reprt after experiencing a stressful event: spiritual grwth and imprved persnal strength.
They build self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is the belief r the cnfidence in yur ability t vercme difficulties and succeed. ___18___ First, pick, pick an area f cnfidence r a skill yu want t develp. The best way t imprve that skill is t learn by ding. If yu want t imprve yur public speaking skills and ability, then yu need t practice speaking in public. ___19___ Back t the public speaking example, yu culd watch vide clips f great speakers n YuTube and take ntes n hw they tell stries r use humr. Lastly, yu can imprve by being cached by a credible and respected surce. Meanwhile, yu culd turn t the peple fr help wh can give yu feedback as yu wrk tward yur gals.
They help yu transfrm stress int a challenge. Hw yu think abut stress matters enrmusly in terms f hw yu prcess it. ___20___, while thers are able t see it as a challenge. With a challenge respnse, yu get additinal energy. In fact, peple wh are able t think abut stress mre like a challenge and less like a threat reprt less depressin and anxiety, higher levels f energy, wrk perfrmance and life satisfactin.
A. Yur wrld feels ut f cntrl right nw and yur stress has reached unprecedented levels
B. The truth is that we gain the ability t becme strnger after experiencing difficulties
C. Even small past struggles with difficulties can help yu vercme tugh situatins
D. The reasn is that past struggles can makes yu strnger in the fllwing ways
E. Observing thers is the next mst effective imprvement strategy
F. It’s evlved thrugh three distinct ways
G. Sme peple regard stress as a threat
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是过去的困难如何使人变得更强，包括促进创伤后成长、增强自我效能感以及将压力转化为挑战等方面。
【16题详解】
上文“Peple wh experienced a medium level f hardship reprted better mental health and higher life satisfactin ver time cmpared t bth thse wh reprted a high histry f hardship and thse with n histry f hardship.(据报告，随着时间的推移，经历过中等程度困难的人比那些经历过严重困难和没有经历过困难的人有更好的心理健康和更高的生活满意度。)”可知，经历过中等程度困难的人有更好的心理健康和更高的生活满意度，空处承接上文，解释其原因，D项“那是因为过去的苦难可以通过以下方式帮助你变得更坚强”符合，同时引起下文，下文“They can bring grwth after sufferings.(它们可以在苦难之后带来成长。) ”、“They build self-efficacy.(它们建立自我效能感。)”以及下文“They help yu transfrm stress int a challenge.(它们帮助您将压力转化为挑战。)”具体介绍了过去的苦难如何帮助你变得更坚强。故选D。
【17题详解】
上文“We may find it difficult t believe the suffering experiences will eventually lead t sme type f grwth. (我们可能很难相信痛苦的经历最终会导致某种类型的成长。)”指出我们可能很难相信痛苦的经历最终会导致某种类型的成长，下文“Pst-traumatic(创伤后的)grwth is the experience f psitive change after ging thrugh a significantly stressful event. Researchers have discvered tw cmmn themes that peple tend t reprt after experiencing a stressful event: spiritual grwth and imprved persnal strength.(创伤后成长是指经历重大压力事件后积极变化的经历。研究人员发现，人们在经历压力事件后往往会报告两个常见的主题：精神成长和个人力量的提高。)”指出创伤会导致个人成长，由此可知，前后是转折关系，B项“事实是，我们可以在经历困难之后获得变得更强的能力”符合，与上文是转折关系，同时引起下文。故选B。
【18题详解】
上文“Self-efficacy is the belief r the cnfidence in yur ability t vercme difficulties and succeed. (自我效能是对自己克服困难并取得成功的能力的信念或信心) ”介绍了自我能效的含义，下文“First, pick an area f cnfidence r a skill yu want t develp.(首先，选择一个你想要发展的自信领域或技能。)”以及“Lastly, yu can imprve by being cached by a credible and respected surce.(最后，您可以通过接受可靠且受人尊敬的人士的指导来提高。)”从不同得的方面具体介绍了如何建立自我效能，F项“它以三种具体方式发展”符合，it代指上文提的Self-efficacy。故选F。
【19题详解】
上文“First, pick an area f cnfidence r a skill yu want t develp.(首先，选择一个你想要发展的自信领域或技能。)”和下文“Lastly, yu can imprve by being cached by a credible and respected surce.(最后，您可以通过接受可靠且受人尊敬的人士的指导来提高。)”分别介绍了如何建立自我效能，尤其是根据First和Lastly得知，空处也应是介绍建立自我效能的方法，E项“观察他人是下一个最有效的改进策略”符合语境，且下文“Back t the public speaking example, yu culd watch vide clips f great speakers n YuTube and take ntes n hw they tell stries r use humr.(回到公开演讲的例子，您可以在YuTube上观看优秀演讲者的视频剪辑，并记录他们如何讲故事或使用幽默。)”举例子介绍了通过观察他人来建立自我效能。故选E。
【20题详解】
上文“Hw yu think abut stress matters enrmusly in terms f hw yu prcess it.(你如何看待压力对于你如何处理压力非常重要。)”指出如何看待压力很重要，根据下文“while thers are able t see it as a challenge. (而其他人则认为这是一个挑战。)”中的while可知，空处和下文是对比关系，应指出一些人对压力的看法，G项“有些人将压力视为威胁”符合。故选G。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Granny fell ill befre Valentine’s Day. She had t___21___ur planned z trip, which she had been ___22___.
“Remember t say hi t the mnkeys fr me,” Granny___23___ us up befre we left. We did g and have fun, but I kept___24___ Granny culd have been with us.
Tex sptted sme ___25___ and suggested taking a picture in frnt f them. While we said, “Cheese,” Indi accidentally said, “Happy Valentine’s Day, Granny!” This slip f the tngue (舌头) reminded me. I ___26___taking pictures f different animals and ___27___ them int a z valentine fr Granny. Everyne lved that.
At hme, we ___28___ut the printed pictures n the table. Since it was ___29___t fit s many pictures nt a heart-shaped card, we ___30___t create a whle bunch f valentines, each card representing an animal.
___31___, ur print didn’t have clr ink, s we ___32___ the black-and-white pictures with markers and made speech ballns fr the animals. When we were dne, I made a cuple f ___33___ n the cards and tied them tgether t make a bk. It tk frever t finish, but it turned ut ___34___.
“Oh, yu little sweet ptates!” Granny smiled when we gave her ur ___35___. “Yu sure did turn this lady’s frwn (眉头) upside dwn! I lve yu s much.”
21. A. skipB. ablishC. rganizeD. ruin
22. A. hearing fB. apprving fC. searching frD. hungering fr
23. A. caughtB. brightenedC. cnnectedD. wke
24. A. rderingB. persistingC. wishingD. imagining
25. A. listsB. visitrsC. mnkeysD. ballns
26. A. deniedB. prpsedC. askedD. allwed
27. A. separatingB. grupingC. sculptingD. turning
28. A. laidB. sldC. cuntedD. gave
29. A. unachievableB. remarkableC. essentialD. meaningless
30. A. cntinuedB. predictedC. declaredD. decided
31. A. EventuallyB. UnfrtunatelyC. GraduallyD. Apparently
32. A. cnnectedB. presentedC. clredD. illustrated
33. A. nticesB. signsC. marksD. hles
34. A. greatB. lyalC. enrmusD. elegant
35. A. prpsalB. creatinC. devtinD. invitatin
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者的奶奶生病了，所以错过了与作者在一起的动物园之旅，之后，与作者一起的特克斯建议在奶奶渴望看到的猴子面前照相，而英迪无意间说的一句话，提醒了作者。随后作者建议给所有的动物拍照，并把照片做成了“卡片书”。这些“卡片书”做成的情人节礼物让奶奶很高兴。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不略过我们计划中的动物园之旅，这是她盼望已久的。A. skip略过；B. ablish废除；C. rganize组织；D. ruin毁坏。根据上文“Granny fell ill”以及下文“Remember t say hi t the mnkeys fr me,” Granny______ us up befre we left.”可知，奶奶生病了，她略过了计划的动物园之旅，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她不得不错过我们计划中的动物园之旅，这是她盼望已久的。A. hearing f听说；B. apprving f赞同；C. searching fr寻找；D. hungering fr渴望。根据下文“Remember t say hi t the mnkeys fr me”可知，奶奶渴望看到动物园的猴子，所以此处指去动物园是奶奶盼望已久的。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“记得替我向猴子们问好。”在我们离开之前，奶奶让我们高兴起来。A. caught抓住；B. brightened点亮；C. cnnected联系；D. wke唤醒；醒来。根据上文“Granny fell ill”可知，奶奶生病了，是一个令人伤心的事情。因而此处指奶奶为了让我们能有一个开心的动物园之旅，她让我们高兴起来。短语：brighten sb. up“使某人振奋精神；使高兴”，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们确实去了，玩得很开心，但我一直希望奶奶能和我们在一起。A. rdering命令；B. persisting坚持；C. wishing希望；D. imagining想象。根据上文“Granny fell ill”可知，奶奶生病了没有跟我们一起去动物园，所以此处指我希望奶奶能和我们一起。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Tex发现了一些猴子，建议在它们面前拍张照片。A. lists清单；B. visitrs游客；C. mnkeys猴子；D. ballns气球。根据上文“Remember t say hi t the mnkeys fr me”可知，奶奶渴望看到动物园的猴子；可推知，此处指Tex看到了一些猴子，建议我们在猴子前面拍照。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我提议给不同的动物拍照，做成动物园情人节礼物送给奶奶。A. denied否认，拒绝承认；B. prpsed提议，建议；C. asked询问，调查；D. allwed允许。根据前文“suggested taking a picture in frnt f them”可知，特克斯建议我们在猴子前面拍照。可推知，此处指我建议和不同的动物拍照。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我提议给不同的动物拍照，做成动物园情人节礼物送给奶奶。A. separating分开；B. gruping归类；C. sculpting雕刻；D. turning变成。根据下文“Yu sure did turn this lady’s frwn (眉头) upside dwn!”可知，我们做的“卡片书”让奶奶很高兴，因此可推知，此处指我们决定把照片做成动物园情人节礼物送给奶奶，短语：“把……变成……”，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在家里，我们把印好的照片展开放在桌子上。A. laid展示；B. sld出售；C. cunted数，计数；D. gave给予。根据下文“the printed pictures n the table”可知，这里指把打印出的照片摊开在桌面上。短语：lay ut“展示”，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于在一张心形卡片上无法容纳这么多图片，所以我们决定制作一系列的情人节贺卡，每张贺卡都代表一种动物。A. unachievable不可实现的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. essential必需的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据下文“t fit s many pictures nt a heart-shaped card”可知，要把众多的照片在一张心形的卡片上体现出来是不可实现的。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于在一张心形卡片上无法容纳这么多图片，所以我们决定制作一系列的情人节贺卡，每张贺卡都代表一种动物。A. cntinued 继续；B. predicted预料；C. declared宣布；D. decided决定。根据上文“it was…t fit s many pictures nt a heart-shaped card”可知，因为在一张心形的卡片上展示众多的照片不可能，所以此处指我们决定制作一系列的情人节贺卡。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们的打印机没有彩色墨水，所以我们用马克笔给黑白照片上色，并为动物们制作了对话气泡。A. Eventually最终，最后；B. Unfrtunately不幸地，遗憾地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Apparently明显地，显然地。根据上文“we…t create a whle bunch f valentines, each card representing an animal.”及下文“ur print didn’t have clr ink”可知，我们决定把照片做成情人节卡片，在制作卡片期间，我们的打印机没有彩色墨水。此处表示“很遗憾，可惜”。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们的打印机没有彩色墨水，所以我们用马克笔给黑白照片上色，并为动物们制作了对话气泡。A. cnnected联系；B. presented展示；C. clred涂色，给……着色；D. illustrated表明，显示。根据上文“ur print didn’t have clr ink”及下文“ the black-and-white pictures with markers”可知，因为打印机没有彩色墨水，可推知，为了呈现彩色的照片，所以我们用马克笔给黑白照片上色。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们完成后，我在卡片上打了几个洞，把它们绑在一起做成了一个册子。A. ntices通知；B. signs迹象；C. marks分数，标记；D. hles洞。根据下文“tied them tgether t make a bk”可知，我们把卡片串了起来做成了书的形状，可推知，此处指我在卡片上打出洞，然后把这些带洞的卡片串起来做成一个册子。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：花了很长时间才完成，但效果很好。A. great极好的；B. lyal忠诚的；C. enrmus巨大的；D. elegant优雅的。根据下文“Oh, yu little sweet ptates!” Granny smiled”可知，奶奶对我们做的卡片礼物是赞扬的，因而此处指卡片书被证明效果很好，赢得了好评。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“哦，你们这些小可爱!”当我们把我们的作品送给奶奶时，她笑了。A. prpsal提议；B. creatin创造物，作品；C. devtin奉献；D. invitatin邀请。根据上文“we…t create a whle bunch f valentines, each card representing an animal.”及“I made a cuple f…n the cards and tied them tgether t make a bk.”可知，我们制作了情人节卡片，并把这些卡片做成了书。所以此处指我们把“卡片书”，即我们的作品，给了奶奶，故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This is a shrt stry abut the Chinese Zdiac ___36___ (regard) as Shengxia, and the reasn___37___the rat became the first sign.
Accrding t legends, there nce existed a great race between the ___38___ (animal) t decide the rder f the lunar calendar. The finish line laid n ___39___ vast river, but the cunning rat hitched a ride n x ’s shulder, singing a sng t make him g faster, and gt t the ppsite bank withut even ___40___ (get) his feet wet. Just as he apprached the finish line, he quickly jumped ff and slipped ahead t take first place. Diligent x came secnd while ___41___ (speed) tiger and rabbit in third and furth. Parting the cluds, brave dragn flew int ___42___ (five) with small snake mving just behind. They were fllwed by hrse and sheep, tw kind and mdest animals wh each let the ther g first. Mnkey ___43___ (fall) behind but made up grund t cme ninth, while rster, dg and pig killed the last three places. With the race ver and the places___44___ (decide), the 12-year cycle f the Chinese zdiac came ___45___being.
【答案】36. regarded 37. why 38. animals 39. a 40. getting 41. speedy 42. fifth 43. had fallen 44. decided 45. int
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国十二生肖的由来，重点介绍了老鼠成为十二生肖之首的传说故事，以及其他动物在赛跑中决定生肖顺序的过程。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这里有一个关于中国十二生肖“生肖”的小故事，以及为什么老鼠会成为第一个生肖。be regarded as是固定搭配，意为“被认为”，此处应用过去分词regarded作后置定语，修饰the Chinese zdiac。故填regarded。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为the reasn，从句结构完整，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：传说动物之间有一场伟大的比赛来决定农历的顺序。根据空前冠词the可知，空处应填名词animal，为可数名词，作介词between的宾语，表示“动物之间的”，应用复数形式。故填animals。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：终点线在宽阔的河面上，狡猾的老鼠骑在牛的肩上，唱着歌加快了速度，脚都没湿就到了对岸。river为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一条河”，应用不定冠词，且vast以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：终点线在宽阔的河面上，狡猾的老鼠骑在牛的肩上，唱着歌加快了速度，脚都没湿就到了对岸。空处作介词withut的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填getting。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“勤奋的公牛”名列第二，“敏捷的老虎”和“兔子”名列第三和第四。空处修饰名词tiger and rabbit，应用形容词形式，speed的形容词形式是speedy。故填speedy。
【42题详解】
考查数词。句意：冲破云层，勇敢的巨龙第五名到达，小蛇紧随其后。介词int后需加名词，此处表示“第五名”，应用序数词fifth。故填fifth。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：猴子落后了，但取得了第九名的成绩，而公鸡、狗和猪排在了最后三位。空格处作谓语，且动作fall behind先于made up grund t cme ninth发生，应用过去完成时。故填had fallen。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着比赛的结束和排名的确定，中国十二生肖的12年周期应运而生。句中已有谓语动词came，此处是with复合结构，宾语the places和动词decide是被动关系，应该用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decided。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。cme int being是固定搭配，意为“诞生”。故填int。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校外籍老师Linda计划回国，她想给妈妈送一份具有中国传统文化特色的礼物，向你询问，请你给她回复邮件，推荐并介绍礼物。内容包括：
（1）礼物名称；
（2）礼物特点及推荐理由；
（3）向她家人表示祝愿并祝她旅途愉快。
Dear Linda,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Linda,
Knwing that yu’d like t select a Chinese gift fr yur mther befre returning hme sn, I’m writing t recmmend yu a silk dress as a gift.
Silk is ne f China’s greatest treasures and Chinese silk industry has the lngest histry. Therefre, the beautiful sft silk is ne f the mst ppular handcrafts presenting China. Apart frm its strng Chinese cultural characteristics, Chinese silk messes are als cmfrtable and elegant t wear. They are a favrite chice fr ladies f yur mther’s age. I’m sure yur mther will definitely be glad t have ne.
Best wishes t yur family and have a wnderful trip!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Austin rse early this mrning. He tugged frcefully at his sister Amelia’s sleeping bag. “Wake up,” he urged. “It’s a perfect day fr adventure.”
After eating, they pulled n their bts, grabbed their backpacks, and headed alng the vergrwn track.
After hiking fr sme time, Amelia paused unexpectedly. “Lk,” she said, pinting thrugh the trees. “An ld hut with an ld car. Smene must have lived here years ag.”
“They might be here even nw,” said Austin.
“Prbably nt,” said Amelia. “Why wuld anyne want t live in that ld dump?”
“Well, let’s just check.” Austin threw a handful f stnes at the hut dr, making lud nise.
Abruptly, an ld man with gray hair and a beard rushed ut f the hut, waving a frying pan and shuting, “What d yu think yu are ding? Get ff my land! Yu are nt allwed here!”
Austin and Amelia had never seen anyne s frightening. His eyes were wide and he was swinging the frying pan arund.
“Run!” Austin yelled.
The tw started running as if they were deer pursued by a hungry lin. Wild thughts raced thrugh Amelia’s mind. What if he caught them? He lked half crazy. They kept running fr quite a while. Austin was well ahead f Amelia. He glanced behind, n the hut man. Great. Wait, n Amelia! Where is she?!
“Amelia!” Austin shuted. Silence. He culd feel fear. Smething terrible must have happened t Amelia. Austin felt it hard t breathe.
Suddenly, he heard a faint sund, a depressed man. Then he heard Amelia’s vice; it was a panicky vice and far away. “Help! Help!”
He mved frward carefully twards Amelia’s vice, knelt dwn and fund himself peering int a deep, dark hle. Amelia was sitting at the bttm f the hle, sbbing, with her leg bleeding. Austin culd see the steep, slippery walls f the hle. There was n way he culd save Amelia ut n his wn. He culd feel his heart punding but he had t keep calm, fr Amelia’s sake.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Austin realized nly ne persn was left t ask fr help.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finding a lng rpe and sme wd, the hut man fllwed Austin.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Austin realized nly ne persn was left t ask fr help. Withut hesitatin, he rushed t the hut. His heart beating fiercely, Austin kncked n the dr cautiusly. The dr was pen and there std the ld man, staring at him. Austin gathered all his curage, murmured an aplgy and begged the ld man t save Amelia. With n reply, Austin’s heart sank and he ducked his head, trying t hide tears. At the critical mment, the ld man turned arund, searching fr smething. Austin waited utside, wrried and expectant.
Finding a lng rpe and sme wd, the hut man fllwed Austin. Arriving at the hle, the hut man lit the wd s that they culd gain a clear sight int the hle. “Amelia! Are yu all right?” “N...” Answered Amelia in a shaky vice. The hut man slwly threw ne end f the rpe int the hle with the ther in his hands, “Fasten his rpe t yur waist and grasp it tightly. We will pull yu ut.” Amelia did it accrdingly. They finally made it! Tears in eyes, the tw siblings lked at the kind and frgiving ld man, saying in earnest, “Thank yu s much.”