【英语】广东省广州市越秀区某中学2023-2024学年高二下期末试题（解析版）

这是一份【英语】广东省广州市越秀区某中学2023-2024学年高二下期末试题（解析版），共18页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Filming Lcatins Yu Can Actually Visit
Mars (The Martian)
When yu search fr a lcatin t stand in fr the surface f anther wrld, The Wadi Rum Prtected Area in far suthern Jrdan is a gd place t start. With the impressive “vast and eching and Gd-like” landscape, it served as the backgrund f Matt Damn’s 18-mnth stay n the red planet in The Martian.
Jurassic Park
The Hawaiian islands were the lcatins fr sme f Jurassic Park’s mst memrable scenes. Kauai prvides the rugh castline and sme f the mst breathtaking features f the fictinal Isla Nublar, while the rlling hills f Oahu’s Kuala Ranch functin as the backgrund f the Gallimimus stampede (逃亡).
Hbbitn
Unlike the ther lcatins in this list, the Shire is a whlly artificial set, built n a sheep farm n New Zealand’s Nrth Island. Created fr Peter Jacksn’s big-screen adaptatin f Tlkien’s The Lrd f the Rings trilgy, Hbbitn began t draw curius fans shrtly after the release f the first film in the series. In time, what began as a temprary lcatin designed t hst a three-mnth mvie sht has evlved int a Tlkienesque theme park with ver 350,000 visitrs annually.
King’s Landing
The HBO series Game f Thrnes brings t life the many lcatins f Gerge R.R. Martin’s fantasy wrld, but the cnflict f sex, swrds, and trickery reaches its peak in the capital f King’s Landing. The “real” capital f Westers can be fund in Dubrvnik, Cratia. The city’s 16th-century frtress walls verlk Blackwater Bay, while the parks, avenues, and alleys f the ld city have witnessed the triumphs and tragedies f Huse Lannister.
1. Which f the fur lcatins shuld yu visit if yu are a big fan f Tlkien?
A. Mars (The Martian).B. Jurassic Park.
C. Hbbitn.D. King’s Landing.
2. What d the mvie lcatins Mars and Jurassic Park have in cmmn?
A. They are bth n the cast.B. They demnstrate magnificent views.
C. They can represent anther wrld.D. They are set fr nly ne film.
3. What can visitrs d in King’s Landing?
A. See ancient frtress walls.B. Play rles in Game f Thrnes.
C. Visit Gerge R.R. Martin.D. Experience the triumphs and tragedies.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是可以参观的电影拍摄地点的相关信息。
1.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Hbbitn部分的“Created fr Peter Jacksn’s big-screen adaptatin f Tlkien’s The Lrd f the Rings trilgy, Hbbitn began t draw curius fans shrtly after the release f the first film in the series. In time, what began as a temprary lcatin designed t hst a three-mnth mvie sht has evlved int a Tlkienesque theme park with ver 350,000 visitrs annually.(Hbbitn是Peter Jacksn根据 Tlkien的《指环王》三部曲改编的电影，在该系列第一部上映后不久就吸引了好奇的粉丝。随着时间的推移，这个最初用于举办为期三个月的电影拍摄的临时地点已经演变成一个托尔金式的主题公园，每年有超过35万游客。)”可知，如果你是 Tlkien的忠实粉丝，你应该去Hbbitn，故选C。
2.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Mars (The Martian)部分的“With the impressive “vast and eching and Gd-like” landscape, it served as the backgrund f Matt Damn’s 18-mnth stay n the red planet in The Martian.(在《火星救援》中，马特·达蒙在火星上停留了18个月，这里有着令人印象深刻的“辽阔、回声回荡、像上帝一样”的景观。)”和Jurassic Park部分的“Kauai prvides the rugh castline and sme f the mst breathtaking features f the fictinal Isla Nublar, while the rlling hills f Oahu’s Kuala Ranch functin as the backgrund f the Gallimimus stampede (逃亡).(Kauai提供了崎岖的海岸线和虚构的Isla Nublar的一些最令人惊叹的特征，而Oahu的Kuala Ranch的起伏的山丘则是Gallimimus大逃亡的背景。)”可知，Mars和Jurassic Park的拍摄地的共同之处是它们展示了壮丽的景色。故选B。
3.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据King’s Landing部分的“The city’s 16th-century frtress walls verlk Blackwater Bay, while the parks, avenues, and alleys f the ld city have witnessed the triumphs and tragedies f Huse Lannister.(这座城市16世纪的堡垒城墙俯瞰着黑水湾，而老城的公园、大道和小巷见证了Lannister家族的胜利和悲剧。)”可知，游客在King’s Landing可以看看古老的堡垒城墙。故选A。
B
When he went utside during the break, Jhn Buettner wuld dream f learning the mnkey-bars. He uses a wheelchair, s they aren’t accessible t him—in fact, mst f the playgrund at Glen Lake Elementary Schl isn’t. Betsy Julien wuld lk ut at the students in their wheelchairs, and thught, “Our playgrund is nt set up fr everybdy in the schl t play and have fun.”
Nw, thanks t this teacher and her students, that dream is abut t cme true in a bigger way.
Last fall, Julien and a few f her clleagues applied fr, and wn, a grant fr an accessible swing and merry-g-rund. The grant fell $35,000 shrt f the amunt the schl needed, s Julien asked her class t help raise the rest.
Her students jumped at the idea, and tk it a step further. “Why can’t we make the whle playgrund accessible?” said Hadley Mangan. They brainstrmed ideas n hw t raise mney: dr-kncking, partnering with restaurants, handing ut flyers, and even cld-calling lcal businesses. They gt t wrk and reached their gal in a matter f weeks. Nw, they aim t raise $1 millin s they can cmpletely transfrm their playgrund.
Last week, Julien laded the students fr a field trip t see hw the equipment is built and even gt t clr in a blueprint f the playgrund design. Buettner said he culd hardly believe hw quickly an idea turned int reality. “All f this equipment is big enugh fr my friends and I t play n. I just feel sme sense f capability.”
Julien speaks thrugh tears, t, when reflecting n the prject and the transfrmatin. “Anything we raise beynd ur gal will g twards accessible equipment at neighbring schls. I hpe that the wrld is accepting and inclusive fr every child.”
4. What’s the prblem with the schl playgrund?
A. Little playing space.B. Limited accessibility.
C. Pr cnstructin funding.D. Narrw wheelchair passage.
5. What des the underlined phrase “a step further” refer t?
A. Dnating mre mney.
B. Achieving riginal gals.
C. Asking mre peple fr help.
D. Transfrming the whle playgrund.
6. What can we infer frm Buettner’s wrds?
A. He engages mre in dnatin.B. He has mre faith in himself.
C. He becmes an expert in sprts.D. He gets mre invlved in cntests.
7. What can we learn frm Julien’s stry?
A. Hard wrk matters.B. Kindness bears fruits.
C. Gd ideas win favr.D. Trust prmtes friendship.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jhn Buettner的老师和同学为了能让残疾的他和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。
4.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“He uses a wheelchair, s they aren’t accessible t him—in fact, mst f the playgrund at Glen Lake Elementary Schl isn’t. (他使用轮椅，所以轮椅对他来说并不方便——事实上，格伦湖小学的大部分操场都不方便。)”可知，学校操场的问题是对于使用轮椅的人来说并不方便，即无障碍环境有限，故选B。
5.【答案】D
【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“s Julien asked her class t help raise the rest.(所以朱利安让她的学生帮忙筹集剩下的钱。)”和下文““Why can’t we make the whle playgrund accessible?” said Hadley Mangan.(“为什么我们不能让整个操场都变得方便呢？”哈德利·曼根说。)”可知，Julien让她的学生帮忙筹集剩下的钱，她的学生欣然接受了，并决定筹集钱把整个操场改造一下，弄得更方便，由此可推知，“a step further”指的是改造整个操场，故选D。
6.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Buettner所说的话“I just feel sme sense f capability(我只是觉得自己有能力)”可推知，Buettner对自己更加有信心，故选B。
7.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“When he went utside during the break, Jhn Buettner wuld dream f learning the mnkey-bars. He uses a wheelchair, s they aren’t accessible t him—in fact, mst f the playgrund at Glen Lake Elementary Schl isn’t. (课间休息时，约翰·比特纳出去玩时，总是梦想着学习单杠。他使用轮椅，所以轮椅对他来说并不方便——事实上，格伦湖小学的大部分操场都不方便。)”和第二段中“Nw, thanks t this teacher and her students, that dream is abut t cme true in a bigger way.(现在，多亏了这位老师和她的学生，这个梦想即将以更大的方式实现。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Jhn Buettner的老师和同学为了能让残疾的他和其他残疾学生在学校操场上玩耍，发起了筹款活动，最终成功改造了操场。由此可推知，从这个故事中可以得知，善良会结出果实。故选B。
C
Animals can adapt quickly t survive unfavrable envirnmental cnditins. Evidence is munting t shw that plants can, t. A paper published in the jurnal Trends in Plant Science details hw plants are rapidly adapting t the effects f climate change, and hw they are passing dwn these adaptatins t their ffspring (后代).
Plants are facing mre envirnmental stresses than ever. Fr example, climate change is making winters shrter in many lcatins, and plants are respnding. “Many plants require a minimum perid f cld in rder t set up their envirnmental clck t define their flwering time,” says Martinelli, a plant geneticist at the University f Flrence. “As cld seasns shrten, plants have adapted t require shrter perids f cld t delay flwering. These mechanisms allw plants t avid flwering in perids when they have fewer pprtunities t reprduce.”
Because plants dn’t have neural (神经的) netwrks, their memry is based entirely n cellular (细胞的), mlecular (分子的), and bichemical netwrks. These netwrks make up what the researchers call smatic memry (体细胞记忆). “It allws plants t recgnize the ccurrence f a previus envirnmental cnditin and t react accrdingly,” says Martinelli.
These smatic memries can then be passed t the plants’ ffspring via epigenetics (表现遗传). “Several examples demnstrate the existence f mlecular mechanisms mdulating plant memry t envirnmental stresses and affecting the adaptatin f ffspring t these stresses,” says Martinelli.
Ging frward, Martinelli hpes t understand even mre abut the genes that are being passed dwn. “We are particularly interested in decding the epigenetic alphabet withut changes in DNA sequence (序列),” he says. “This is especially imprtant when we cnsider the rapid climate change, we bserve tday that every living rganism, including plants, needs t quickly adapt t survive.”
8. What adaptatins have plants made t shrtened cld seasns?
A. They have shrtened their flwering time.
B. They have gt mre chances t reprduce.
C. They have avided flwering in cld seasns.
D. They have adjusted their envirnmental clck.
9. What can we learn abut smatic memry?
A. It is entirely based n neural netwrks.
B. It can help the plants’ ffspring t survive.
C. It can help relieve envirnmental stresses.
D. It disturbs the plants’ bichemical netwrks.
10. What des the underlined wrd “mdulating” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Adjusting.B. Treasuring.C. Recrding.D. Sharing.
11. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Plants are smart abut flwering time
B. Plants can als adapt t climate change
C. Envirnmental stresses challenge plants
D. Mysteries f plant genes are t be unflded
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是植物像动物一样，可以迅速地适应不利的条件，同时分析了植物能快速适应不利条件，并将这些适应传递给下一代的原因。
8.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fr example, climate change is making winters shrter in many lcatins, and plants are respnding. “Many plants require a minimum perid f cld in rder t set up their envirnmental clck t define their flwering time,”…(例如，气候变化使许多地方的冬季缩短，植物正在做出反应。“许多植物需要最短的寒冷时间，以便设置环境时钟来定义它们的开花时间，”……)”可知，为了适应缩短的寒冷季节，植物会设置环境时钟来定义开花时间。故选D项。
9.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段首句“These smatic memries can then be passed t the plants’ ffspring via epigenetics (表现遗传).(然后，这些体细胞记忆可以通过表观遗传学传递给植物的后代。”可知，这些体细胞记忆通过表现遗传学传给下一代，由此可以判断，体细胞记忆可以帮助下一代生存下来。故选B项。
10.【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“As cld seasns shrten, plants have adapted t require shrter perids f cld t delay flwering. These mechanisms allw plants t avid flwering in perids when they have fewer pprtunities t reprduce. (随着寒冷季节的缩短，植物已经适应了需要较短的寒冷时间来延迟开花。这些机制允许植物避免在繁殖机会较少的时期开花。)”可知，这些机制使植物能够调整自己在繁殖机会少的时期避免开花，这是植物调整适应环境变化的结果，划线单词所在的“Several examples demnstrate the existence f mlecular mechanisms mdulating plant memry t envirnmental stresses and affecting the adaptatin f ffspring t these stresses(几个例子表明，存在调节植物记忆对环境胁迫并影响后代对这些胁迫的适应的分子机制。)”谈论的是有几种个例子表明存在这样的“分子机制”调节植物记忆来适应环境的变化，与第二段阐述的与“这些机制”允许植物调节花期适应环境的内容相当，故该单词意为“调节”。故选A项。
11.【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Animals can adapt quickly t survive unfavrable envirnmental cnditins. Evidence is munting t shw that plants can, t.(动物可以快速适应，以在不利的环境条件下生存。越来越多的证据表明，植物也可以。)”并结合下文围绕该话题举例说明和分析植物能快速适应不利条件的原因可知，本文主要是陈述植物和动物一样能快速适应不利条件。故选B项。
D
Have yu ever taken a persnality test and fund the results t be scarily accurate, checked yur hrscpe (星象学) and had everything cme true r taken an nline quiz that tld yu precisely what yur favrite Disney princess means abut yu? Well, we certainly have dne s t many times, s we decided t d a little investigatin int hw Internet -quizzes, magazines and hrscpe bks seem t knw us s well.
We discvered that we’ve all been falling victim t the Barnum effect. The Barnum Effect is the phenmenn that ccurs when individuals believe that persnality descriptins apply specifically t them, despite the fact that the descriptin is actually filled with infrmatin that applies t everyne. It was named after P. T. Barnum, a famus 19th century shwman, wh wuld famusly say, “There’s a fl brn every minute.”
Indeed, Barnum prved t be right, as pseudscience (伪科学)—such as astrlgy and persnality tests—remains ppular t this day. The Bamum effect explains why extremely general statements, such as the results f yur persnality test, seem s specific t yu. Dn’t believe us? Well, late psychlgy prfessr Bertram Frer ffered sme prf.
In a histric study, Frer cnducted a persnality test t his students. Frer cpied statements such as “Yu have a great need fr ther peple t like and admire yu.” and “Yu have a tendency t be critical f yurself.” frm the newspaper’s hrscpe clumn and gave a test t every student. Frer asked his students t rate the accuracy f the test frm ne t five, with “ne” being the least accurate and “five” being the mst accurate. The average rating was 4.26. The universally high ratings frm students n the persnality test supprted the Barnum effect.
One f the mst imprtant factrs when reprducing this study is t keep the statements as vague as pssible, with a mix f mstly psitive and sme negative cntent. Fr example, using the phrase “at times” makes fr a pwerful Barnum Effect. See “At times yu are utging and sciable, while at ther times yu are shy and reserved” wh wuld nt agree with that statement?
S, keep in mind that we are nt immune t the Barnum effect. Take everything yu hear with several grains f salt.
12. What is the purpse f Paragraph 2?
A. T present a cntrversial pinin.B. T prvide an example f an idea.
C. T ffer a slutin t a prblem.D. T define the meaning f a term.
13. What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. Ptential applicatin f the Barnum effect.
B. Further explanatin f the Barnum effect.
C. Supprting evidence fr the Barnum effect.
D. A reasnable dubt f the research prcess.
14. Why d s many peple believe the statements in hrscpe and persnality tests?
A. They are s specific.B. They are ambiguus.
C. They are psitive.D. They are believable.
15. Hw is the passage rganized?
A. Phenmenn—slutin.B. Cause—effect.
C. Prblem—analysis.D. Claim—cunterclaim.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章提出了“很多人相信占卜和性格测试等”这一现象并分析了其原因。
12.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We discvered that we’ve all been falling victim t the Barnum effect. The Barnum Effect is the phenmenn that ccurs when individuals believe that persnality descriptins apply specifically t them, despite the fact that the descriptin is actually filled with infrmatin that applies t everyne. It was named after P. T. Barnum, a famus 19th century shwman, wh wuld famusly say, “There’s a fl brn every minute.” (我们发现我们都成了巴纳姆效应的受害者。巴纳姆效应是一种现象，当人们认为性格描述只适用于他们时，尽管事实上这些描述中充满了适用于所有人的信息。它是以19世纪著名的表演家P.T.巴纳姆的名字命名的，他有句名言：“每分钟都有一个傻瓜出生。”)”可知，文章第二段主要解释了巴纳姆效应的概念。由此推知，第二段的目的是给“巴纳姆效应”这一专业术语下定义。故选D项。
13.【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Dn’t believe us? Well, late psychlgy prfessr Bertram Frer ffered sme prf. (不相信我们？嗯，已故的心理学教授Bertram Frer提供了一些证据)”和第四段“In a histric study, Frer cnducted a persnality test t his students. Frer cpied statements such as “Yu have a great need fr ther peple t like and admire yu.” and “Yu have a tendency t be critical f yurself.” frm the newspaper’s hrscpe clumn and gave a test t every student. Frer asked his students t rate the accuracy f the test frm ne t five, with “ne” being the least accurate and “five” being the mst accurate. The average rating was 4.26. The universally high ratings frm students n the persnality test supprted the Barnum effect. (在一项历史研究中，弗莱尔对他的学生进行了性格测试。永远复制这样的话：“你非常需要别人喜欢和钦佩你。”和“你有挑剔自己的倾向”，然后给每个学生做了一个测试，让他的学生给测试的准确性打分，从1到5，“1”是最不准确的，“5”是最准确的。平均评分为4.26分。学生们在性格测试中普遍获得的高分支持了巴纳姆效应)”可知，文章第四段通过Frer对学生的性格测试，为巴纳姆效应提供论据。故选C项。
14.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“We discvered that we’ve all been falling victim t the Barnum effect. The Barnum Effect is the phenmenn that ccurs when individuals believe that persnality descriptins apply specifically t them, despite the fact that the descriptin is actually filled with infrmatin that applies t everyne. (我们发现我们都成了巴纳姆效应的受害者。巴纳姆效应是一种现象，当人们认为性格描述只适用于他们时，尽管事实上这些描述中充满了适用于所有人的信息)”以及倒数第二段“One f the mst imprtant factrs when reprducing this study is t keep the statements as vague as pssible, with a mix f mstly psitive and sme negative cntent. (在复制这项研究时，最重要的因素之一是让陈述尽可能模糊，主要是积极的内容和一些消极的内容)”可推知，很多人相信占卜和性格描述，是因为这些描述中充满了适用于所有人的信息，也就是说这些描述其实是很模棱两可的。故选B项。
15.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。阅读文章可知，文章第一段“Have yu ever taken a persnality test and fund the results t be scarily accurate, checked yur hrscpe and had everything cme true r taken an nline quiz that tld yu precisely what yur favrite Disney princess means abut yu? Well, we certainly have dne s t many times, s we decided t d a little investigatin int hw Internet -quizzes, magazines and hrscpe bks seem t knw us s well. (你是否曾经做过性格测试，发现结果非常准确？你是否曾经检查过你的星座，一切都成真了？你是否曾经做过一个在线测验，告诉你你最喜欢的迪士尼公主对你意味着什么？好吧，我们已经这么做过太多次了，所以我们决定做一个小调查，看看网络测验、杂志和占星书是如何如此了解我们的。)”提出了“很多人相信占卜和性格测试等”这一现象，而后面几个段落都在分析其原因。由此可知，本文的篇章结构为“现象——分析”。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health. 1 It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.
2 We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy. Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses. 3 This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy. It means the fitness level is nt in accrdance with ur age and the climatic cnditins we live in.
It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness. 4 Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style. There are different levels f exercises fr different age grups and we must d them accrding t ur wn health and age.
Additinally, it is imprtant t relax ur bdy. We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune (免疫) system and prtects us against diseases. 5 This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality f life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.
C. It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.
D. Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.
E. If we keep ur bdy fit, we can enjy life in a better manner.
F. There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.
G. This makes ur bdy suffer and we will catch ther diseases.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
1.【答案】G
【解析】根据空前“Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes ur bdy suffer and we will catch ther diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的ther diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
2.【答案】B
【解析】根据空后“We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
3.【答案】D
【解析】根据空前“Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
4.【答案】F
【解析】根据空前“It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
5.【答案】C
【解析】根据空前“We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune (免疫) system and prtects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was sitting in a chemistry class when I and six ther kids were called dwn t the cunselr’s ffice. It was pretty strange because nne f us were “ 1 ” students. We all 2 what she wanted t say.
This was when she tld us she wuld be chsing 3 f us t be nminated fr the largest 4 in Canada. I never realized I was that 5 . She said, since we all had a(n) 6 high average, she wuld talk t ur teachers t see wh mst 7 it.
A week later, I gt an email frm the cunselr. It was 8 t me and anther student at the meeting. I was shcked; this must have 9 we were the tw peple she wuld be chsing frm. We were required t write abut where we 10 urselves in ten years. I knew I had t make this cunt. I spke frm the heart, describing my 11 life: living in the big city, having finished my degree, ding what I lved every day.
Abut anther week later, I gt called back t her ffice, nly me. I didn’t want t be verexcited because maybe she was being 12 , telling me I wasn’t chsen. She tld me I was the ne picked. Nbdy culd have 13 my smile, what a mment!
She tld me abut all the 14 things my teachers said abut me; I never realized I was held in such high-regard t them. Over 350,000 students graduate frm high schl every year and I was ne f the nly 1,500 kids nminated fr this schlarship acrss all f Canada.
15 , I didn’t win in the last rund but I’d still like t thank everyne wh helped me get t where I am tday.
1. A. prblemB. intelligentC. talentedD. nrmal
2. A. reflectedB. hpedC. wnderedD. ensured
3. A. bthB. neC. allD. nne
4. A. ceremnyB. businessC. grupD. schlarship
5. A. hnestB. ppularC. excellentD. eager
6. A. differentB. similarC. strngD. accurate
7. A. deservedB. cnsultedC. declaredD. perfrmed
8. A. attachedB. carriedC. returnedD. addressed
9. A. meantB. predictedC. allwedD. demanded
10. A. seeB. behaveC. enjyD. suit
11. A. busyB. perfectC. reasnableD. wild
12. A. ashamedB. patientC. persnalD. fair
13. A. trn dwnB. kept upC. brught abutD. held back
14. A. awkwardB. imprtantC. negativeD. beautiful
15. A. NaturallyB. LuckilyC. UnfrtunatelyD. Strangely
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者获得加拿大最大的奖学金提名的过程。虽然最后一轮失败了，但作者仍然感恩所有给予自己帮助的人。
1.【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很奇怪，因为我们都不是“问题”学生。A. prblem成问题的；B. intelligent有智慧的；C. talented有天赋的；D. nrmal正常的。根据前文“It was pretty strange because nne f us were”可知，因为我们都不是捣蛋的学生，所以被叫到辅导员办公室很奇怪。故选A项。
2.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都想知道她会说什么。A. reflected反思；B. hped希望；C. wndered想知道；D. ensured确保。根据前文“It was pretty strange”可知，我们很好奇她会说什么。故选C项。
3.【答案】B
【解析】考查不定代词辨析。句意：就在那时，她告诉我们，她将从我们当中挑选一个人提名加拿大最大的奖学金。A. bth两者都；B. ne一个；C. all三者及以上的所有；D. nne一个没有。根据前文“I and six ther kids were called dwn t the cunselr’s ffice”及后文“see wh mst 7 it”可知，我们当中有一个人可以获得提名加拿大最大的奖学金的资格。故选B项。
4.【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她告诉我们，她将从我们当中挑选一个人提名加拿大最大的奖学金。A. ceremny典礼；B. business商业；C. grup群体；D. schlarship奖学金。根据后文“this schlarship”可知，我们当中有一个人可以获得提名加拿大最大的奖学金的资格。故选D项。
5.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从没意识到我有那么优秀。A. hnest诚实的；B. ppular流行的；C. excellent优秀的；D. eager渴望的。根据前文“chsing 3 f us t be nminated fr the largest 4 in Canada”可知，我有获得奖学金的机会说明自己很优秀。故选C项。
6.【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，因为我们的平均成绩都差不多，所以她会和我们的老师谈谈，看看谁最应该得到这个奖。A. different不同的；B. similar相似的；C. strng坚强的；D. accurate精确的。根据后文“she wuld talk t ur teachers t see wh mst 7 it”可知，因为我们的成绩差不多，所以老师才会评估其他方面。故选B项。
7.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，因为我们的平均成绩都差不多，所以她会和我们的老师谈谈，看看谁最应该得到这个奖。A. deserved值得；B. cnsulted咨询；C. declared宣称；D. perfrmed表演。根据前文“she wuld talk t ur teachers t see”可知，她想根据我们老师的看法选出最值得获得奖学金的人。故选A项。
8.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是写给我和另一个参加会议的学生的。A. attached依附；B. carried携带；C. returned返回；D. addressed在（信封、包裹等）上写姓名和地址。根据前文“I gt an email frm the cunselr”可知，邮件的收信人是我和另一个同学。故选D项。
9.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很震惊，这一定意味着她会从我们两个人中做选择。A. meant意味着；B. predicted预测；C. allwed允许；D. demanded要求。根据后文“we were the tw peple she wuld be chsing frm”可知，我认为只有我们两人收到邮件就意味着要从我们当中选择。故选A项。
10.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们被要求写下我们对十年后自己的看法。A. see看待，考虑，认识；B. behave行为；C. enjy享受；D. suit适合。根据后文“I spke frm the heart, describing my 10 life”可知，我们被要求写下自己对十年后的畅想，如何看待十年后的自己。故选A项。
11.【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发自内心地描述了我完美的生活：住在大城市，完成了我的学位，每天做着我喜欢的事情。A. busy繁忙的；B. perfect完美的；C. reasnable合理的；D. wild野外的。根据后文“living in the big city, having finished my degree, ding what I lved every day”可知，我描述了我想象中的完美的生活。故选B项。
12.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不想太兴奋，因为也许她是在针对我，告诉我我没有被选中。A. ashamed羞耻的；B. patient耐心的；C. persnal针对个人的；D. fair公平的。根据前文“I didn’t want t be verexcited because maybe”及后文“telling me I wasn’t chsen”可知，在事情没有定论之前，我不想过分激动，猜测她叫我可能是因为她故意针对我，告诉我我没有被选中。故选C项。
13.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：没有人能阻挡我的笑容，多么美妙的一刻！A. trn dwn扯下；B. kept up保持；C. brught abut引起；D. held back阻止。根据前文“I was the ne picked”可知，我被选中，非常激动，流露出无法抑制的笑容。故选D项。
14.【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我老师们对我的评价都很高。A. awkward尴尬的；B. imprtant重要的；C. negative消极的；D. beautiful美好的。根据后文“I was held in such high-regard t them”可知，我给老师们留下的印象很好，他们对我的评价很高。故选D项。
15.【答案】C
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我没有在最后一轮获胜，但我仍然想感谢每一个帮助我走到今天的人。A. Naturally自然地；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Unfrtunately不幸的是；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据后文“I didn’t win in the last rund”可知，我没有赢得最后一轮，这是一件不幸的事。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, 2024 is the Year f the Dragn, r “lng,” as is knwn in Chinese. This creature appears n many cultural artifacts 1 (pass) dwn thrugh Chinese histry.
Unlike Western dragns, 2 are ften depicted as aggressive, fire-breathing, flying lizards, Chinese lngs 3 (traditinal) symblize strng and favurable pwers. In Chinese mythlgy (神话), the lng is credited with ensuring a gd harvest. The unique appearance f the Chinese lng distinguishes it 4 its Western cunterparts.
Fr thusands f years, the Chinese have respected the lng, 5 (believe) that they can bring harmny and prsperity. Accrding t Chinese mythlgy, the Yan Emperr’s mther had seen a lng just befre she was pregnant and sn the Yan Emperr 6 (bear). S the Chinese regard the Yan Emperr as their frefather, and they smetimes refer t 7 (they) as “descendants f the lng (龙的传人).”
At a histrical site in Lianing Prvince, a stne sculpture f a lng was discvered in 1994. 8 (measure) 19.70 meters in length, the sculpture 9 (date) back t mre than 7,600 years ag. The idim “龙年大吉” means “gd luck in the year f the lng.” We wish all f us 10 happy and lucky Chinese New Year!
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国2024年是中国的龙年，中国的文化传承了许多描绘龙的文物。中国龙象征强大和有利的力量，能确保丰收和带来和谐繁荣。中国人尊敬龙，将炎帝视为祖先，并自称为龙的传人。1994年在辽宁省发现了一座7600多年前的19.70米石雕龙。祝大家龙年幸福和好运！
1.【答案】passed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种生物出现在许多中国历史上流传下来的文物上。分析句子，句中appears为谓语动词，故设空处使用非谓语动词。此处artifacts与pass之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填passed。
2.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：西方的龙通常被描绘成好斗、喷火、会飞的蜥蜴，而中国的龙在传统上象征着强大和有利的力量。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Western dragns，为物，故使用which。故填which。
3.【答案】traditinally
【解析】考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词symblize，意为“传统地”。故填traditinally。
4.【答案】frm
【解析】考查介词。句意：中国龙独特的外形使它有别于西方龙。句中distinguish…frm…为固定短语，意为“区分”。故填frm。
5.【答案】believing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，中国人一直尊重龙，相信龙能带来和谐与繁荣。分析句子，句中have respected为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处the Chinese与believe之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填believing。
6.【答案】was brn
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：根据中国神话，炎帝的母亲在怀孕前看到了一只龙，很快，炎帝就出生了。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的had seen以及befre可知句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。此处Yan Emperr与bear之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was brn。
7.【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：所以中国人认为炎帝是他们的祖先，他们有时称自己为“龙的传人”。分析句子，句中refer t neself as为固定短语，意为“视某人自己为……”，此处使用反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。
8.【答案】Measuring
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座雕塑长19.70米，可追溯到7600多年前。句中date为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，the sculpture与measure之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Measuring。
9.【答案】dates
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。the sculpture是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
10.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：祝大家新年快乐，吉祥如意！分析句子，句中Chinese New Year为可数名词，此处表示泛指，其修饰词happy首字母为辅音音素。故填a。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假如你是某学生会主席李华，为了迎接国际志愿者日的到来，请你以学生会的名义向全校师生写一封英文倡议信，号召参加主题为“互助，互爱”的志愿者活动，内容包括：1. 倡议目的；2. 活动内容；3. 呼吁参加。
参考词汇：国际志愿者日（Internatinal Vlunteer Day）；互助，互爱（mutual assistance and care）
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【范文】
Dear teachers and schlmates,
As the president f the Students’ Unin, I am thrilled t annunce the upcming celebratin f Internatinal Vlunteer Day n December 5th that serves as a reminder f the imprtance f mutual assistance and care within ur cmmunity.
T cmmemrate this meaningful ccasin, ur Student Unin is rganizing a series f vlunteer activities centered arund the theme f “Mutual Assistance and Care”. These activities will include vlunteering at lcal shelters, rganizing dnatin drives fr thse in need, and spreading kindness thrughut ur campus.
I urge each and every ne f yu t jin us in making a psitive impact n ur cmmunity by participating in these vlunteer activities. Tgether, let’s embdy the spirit f mutual assistance and care, and make a difference in the lives f thers.
The Students’ Unin
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Aram and Rssi’s Bakery
Walking alng the narrw brick sidewalk, Aram tk a deep breath. The air smelled f lemns and baked bread and cffee, cming frm Rssi’s Italian Bakery. He was almst there.
Aram still culdn’t believe his luck. All his friends were wrking bring summer jbs—waiting tables and babysitting. And here he was, abut t start as an actual baker’s assistant, ding what he lved. It was all thanks t his Aunt Rita. She knew Mrs. Rssi and had arranged everything. It was the perfect experience fr his future career. Rssi’s Bakery, he was sure, wuld ne day be knwn as the place where he gt his start.
Ah, here he was—the bakery. A faded wden sign ver the dr read “Rssi’s Bakery.” Aram straightened his shulders and entered. Mrs. Rssi was sitting at the cunter, lking ld and wise. Aram greeted her and stuck ut his hand. Mrs. Rssi lked at it fr a secnd befre turning arund and waving him inside. “I’m ready t learn everything,” Aram said.
“Great. Let’s start with the cash register,” Mrs. Rssi said, “because that’s what yu’ll be ding.” She shwed him hw t use the cash register. It wasn’t hard. The pastry trays were all marked by price, and there weren’t that many chices anyway. “That’s it?” Aram said, his heart sinking. “But when d we bake?”
“Bake? I rder whlesale nw. N mre baking. I’m t ld.” Then Mrs. Rssi silently held up her hands. Aram tk in her kntted, swllen fingers, and he understd. A wave f disappintment struck him. Sadness verwhelmed him s suddenly that he culdn’t think f a wrd t say.
He sighed, and Mrs. Rssi sighed, t. “I used t bake it all. Bread and cakes. And n ne did it better than me. But that was when these things wrked,” said Mrs. Rssi hlding up her hands nce mre and glancing acrss the shelves filled with empty bttles labelled with names f the varius ingredients (配料) she nce used. Suddenly she came alive, waving her arthritic (关节炎的) hands. “Peple used t line up arund the crner. Everyne wanted my baked bread.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1: Then a thught ccurred t Aram that he culd ask Mrs. Rssi t teach him.______________
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Para 2: Mrs. Rssi finally said, “Let’s buy the ingredients first.”______________________
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【范文】
Then a thught ccurred t Aram that he culd ask Mrs. Rssi t teach him. But he was nt sure whether Mrs. Rssi liked the idea r nt. Thinking that if he didn't put it frward, he wuld be dealing with the bring cash register fr the whle summer, Aram hesitated n mre. “Mrs. Rssi, I'm wndering if I culd have the privilege t be yur apprentice.” Mrs. Rssi lked at him and then his hands. Aram cntinued. “I was fascinated by the pure magic with which yu mixed thse ingredients and turned them int pieces f art. Wuld yu teach me t be yur magical hands?” Aram’s eyes glittered with passin.
Mrs. Rssi finally said, “Let’s buy the ingredients first.” On hearing this, Aram felt ver the mn. Delightedly, they shut the dr and headed fr the supermarket. Tw hurs later thse empty bttles were full again. With the lng ptins ingredients inside, Mrs. Rssi seemed as verjyed and hpeful as Aram. At the end f the summer, neighbrs were seen lining up rund the crner utside the Rssi’s. Tw years later, a new wden sign was hung ver the dr, reading “Aram and Rssi’s Bakery”.