【英语】广东省深圳某中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试试题（学生版+解析版）

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第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A Travel Guide
Whether yu’ re travelling t the islands r the muntains f Thailand, yu’ re likely t spend at least ne night in its capital city n the way. Bangkk might be nisy and plluted but it’s als an exciting city with plenty f things t see and d. Why nt make it a lnger stay?
Where t stay
The Kha San Rad was a famus traveller spt even befre Lenard DiCapri’s character in the film The Beach stayed there. But it’s nisy, nt very pretty and nt very Thai. Fr smething mre authentic, Phra Kanng ffers an alternative place t stay, with its fantastic street markets where everyday Bangkk peple eat, wrk and live. It’s nt as cnvenient fr the main turist sites, but it has a Skytrain statin s yu can be at the Grand Palace in 20 minutes.
Hw t get arund
Bangkk’s traffic can be a nightmare. Sure, yu can easily take a taxi — if yu want t spend hurs stuck in traffic jams — but there are tw much better ways t get arund the city. T explre the temples and histrical sites, catch an express bat river taxi r a lng-tail bat alng the Cha Phraya river and the canals. Fr the mdern part f the city, the Skytrain is a fast, cheap way t travel frm the river t the shpping malls and nightlife f Sukhumvit, and the famus Chatuchak street market.
Where t eat
The simple answer is: everywhere! Thai street fd is amng the best in the wrld, and fr arund $5 yu can eat a filling and delicius meal. Sme fd stands have little plastic seats where yu can sit and eat and they ck the same dish ver and ver, like fried chicken n rice r Pad Thai ndles. Head fr Chinatwn — Yawarat Street — and chse whatever lks mst interesting frm the many excellent Chinese and Thai restaurants and fd stands.
What t d
After yu’ve seen the main sites like the Giant Buddha at the temple f WatPh and the spectacular Grand Palace, and shpped at Chatuchak market, check ut the snake farm and watch the live snake shw. Yu can even tuch a snake yurself if yu want t!
1. What can we knw abut accmmdatin in Bangkk?
A. Kha San Rad is well-knwn fr its cmfrtable living cnditins.
B. Phra Kanng prvides an authentic Thai living experience.
C. Areas clse t turist sites generally have nise prblems.
D. The accmmdatin near the Skytrain statins is insufficient.
2. What is the mst efficient way t reach mdern shpping areas?
A. Taking taxis. B. Catching an express bat.
C. Taking the Skytrain.D. Catching a lng-tail bat.
3. Based n the text, which ne f the fllwing culd be the best advice fr traveling Bangkk?
A. One night is enugh t fully experience Bangkk.
B. Avid express bat river taxis as they ften get yu stuck in traffic.
C. Select dining places carefully since nt all are f gd quality.
D. Try t explre Bangkk’s diverse spts fr fun.
B
The cld nrthern wind here in the streets f Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannt think f the Ple as cld and empty; in my imaginatin it is a regin f beauty and delight. Wh knws what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there? I shall satisfy my curisity with the sight f an unknwn part f the wrld, and walk where n man has befre. Thinking f it, I feel the same jy a child feels when he sails his little bat n a vyage f discvery up his native river.
This vyage was the favrite dream f my early years. My educatin was neglected, yet I was passinately fnd f reading. Uncle Thmas’s library cntained nly bks abut explratin, which I read day and night. Finally, my thughts cme t the idea f making a vyage f discvery.
Six years have passed since I decided n the present vyage. I can, even nw, remember the hur when I cmmitted myself t this great enterprise. I began by making my bdy used t hardship. I went n whale hunting vyages t the Nrth Sea; I vluntarily endured cld, hunger, thirst, and lack f sleep. I ften wrked harder than the cmmn sailrs during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the thery f medicine, and sciences f practical imprtance fr a sea-ging adventurer. Twice I tk jbs as an fficer n a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little prud when my captain asked me t remain with the ship, s valuable did he cnsider my services. And nw, d I nt deserve t achieve sme great task? My life might have been passed in ease and cmfrt, but I preferred glry t every pleasure that wealth placed in my path.
4. What des the authr think f the Ple?
A. It reminds him f his childhd.
B. It must be a regin full f surprises.
C. It wuld fulfil his dream f being an adventurer.
D. It’s t cld a destinatin with almst nthing.
5. What des the bld-lettered wrd “enterprise” in the last paragraph mean?
A. career.B. adventure.C. business.D. service.
6. T realize his childhd dream, the authr gt .
A. physically prepared by experiencing great suffering
B. spiritually prepared by gaining his captain’s recgnitin
C. academically prepared by reading bks n explratin
D. financially prepared by serving n a whale hunting ship
7. Accrding t the text, the authr is definitely a persn full f .
A. curageB. fancy C. pride D. perseverance
C
In 1960, Duglas McGregr, a prfessr at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, intrduced Thery X and Thery Y in his bk The Human Side f Enterprise. He held that when it cmes t mtivating emplyees, specific assumptins abut human nature must be factred in.
Thery X assumes that the average persn naturally dislikes wrk and will avid it whenever pssible. It als suggests that mst peple are easily influenced, nt very intelligent, resist change, avid respnsibility, and priritize persnal security ver rganizatinal gals while being self-centred. Based n these, management is tasked with rganizing all elements f a prductive cmpany. They must direct emplyees, mtivate them thrugh rewards and punishments, and tightly cntrl their actins. This traditinal apprach ften leads t autcratic (独断的) leadership within rganizatins. Fr instance, emplyees are clsely supervised, and decisins are made frm the tp-dwn with little input frm the wrkfrce.
McGregr, nticing the shrtcmings f Thery X, came up with Thery Y. This thery suggests that under favrable wrking cnditins, wrk can be as natural as relaxatin. Peple, when cmmitted, can exercise self-cntrl and self-directin. They are willing t take n respnsibility and are brimming with imaginatin and creativity. Organizatins that fllw Thery Y typically feature decentralized authrity, tw-way cmmunicatin systems, and participative leadership. In such wrkplaces, emplyees are given mre autnmy, like being invlved in decisin-making prcesses that affect their wrk.
These tw theries have been significant in crystallizing the findings f the Hawthrne Experiments. Hwever, they have faced criticism. They tend t versimplify human nature and managerial styles, wrngly assuming that the jb itself is the sle key t mtivatin. Als, Thery Y can seem verly idealistic. In the real wrld, nt every jb can be made internally rewarding, and sme level f external directin is ften necessary. In the end, neither thery suits all situatins. A cmbinatin f bth, knwn as the cntingency apprach, is the mst fitting fr diverse rganizatinal scenaris. This apprach allws managers t adapt their mtivatinal strategies based n the specific cntext, emplyee characteristics, and the nature f the tasks at hand.
8. Which f the fllwing assumptins may cme frm Thery X?
A. Peple are eager fr jb variety. B. Peple dislike t wrk by nature.
C. Peple cnstantly seek t change.D. Peple are always cperative.
9. What’s likely t happen in a cmpany that fllws Thery Y?
A. Wrkers help plan their wn wrk.
B. There are strict rules fr everything they d.
C. Wrkers are pushed by the fear f lsing their jbs.
D. Bsses tell wrkers what t d fr every task.
10. Accrding t the text, what is NOT a reasn t criticize McGregr’s theries?
A. They assume that all emplyees respnd identically t mtivatin.
B. They paint a simplistic picture f hw peple think and act at wrk.
C. They set an unrealistic standard fr what makes a jb engaging.
D. They fail t accunt fr the need fr sme leadership guidance.
11. What’s the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. A certain thery can fix prblems in big cmpanies.
B. Knwing these theries helps with emplyees’ ffice wrk.
C. A mix f the theries shuld be used depending n the situatin.
D. Getting emplyees mtivated is very imprtant fr a cmpany’s success.
D
The technlgy fr speech-recgnitin systems has advanced greatly since its appearance in the1950s. Many vice systems can understand the language when spken at a nrmal cnversatinal rate. But even the advanced human-machine interfaces (人机交互) used tday are unable t trick the listeners int thinking a cmputer is a human. Why is this? Simply put, it’s because human beings rely n mre than wrds t cnvey ideas r interpret messages, such as tnes, facial expressins, bdy mvements, and bjects in the wrld arund them.
One significant recent achievement in the field f talking cmputers is virtual persnal assistants(VPAs) n mbile phnes. If yu tell a mbile phne VPA that yu want t schedule a lunch with a friend, it can set the appintment in yur phne in secnds. The VPA can als hld a basic “cnversatin” and has earned fame fr its elementary sense f humur. Still, the humur is preprgrammed and can be triggered nly when human users speak certain key wrds.
While the ptential fr “real” cmmunicatin between a human and a machine may seem exciting, this pssibility cncerns sme peple. Sme experts wrry abut peple’s attachment t these machines and fear that the art f successful human-t-human cnversatin will be undevelped in yunger generatins. They wrry that peple wn’t be able t display the right emtin r tne in cnversatins because they haven’t been practising thse skills. Others fear that machines will take ver functins that were traditinally perfrmed by humans, such as custmer service. Anther cncern ften assciated with the develpment f new technlgy is the invasin f privacy (侵犯隐私). When peple use certain speech-recgnitin applicatins, they leave behind an audi track f their speech. When yu ask a VPA fr directins, yur speech is sent and saved t a remte server fr prcessing. This digital trail may lead t data mining, r the cllectin f large quantities f persnal data.
Fr nw, hwever, the cntinuing evlutin f speech-recgnitin sftware is wrth expecting. Leading cmpanies in the field hpe t make human cmmunicatin with machines as seamless as pssible, just like cmmunicating with anther human.
12. Accrding t the text, what can a VPA d?
A. Entertain users with its riginal jkes.B. Enable peple t regard it as a human.
C. Hld preprgrammed cnversatins. D. Display the right tnes in cnversatins.
13. Which situatin reflects the cncerns mentined in the text?
A. One VPA service was priced higher fr prtecting users’ privacy.
B. An airline bre high csts fr applying VPAs t its nline service.
C. An app failed t ffer the right directin when given spken instructins.
D. Sme teenagers became mre scially awkward due t the addictin t VPAs.
14. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T infrm readers f the duble-edged quality f a new technlgy.
B. T inspire readers t explre the future f a new technlgy.
C. T prmte the applicatin f a new technlgy.
D. T stress the cnvenience f a new technlgy.
15. What might be the best title f the text?
A. The wrries ver VPAs.B. Listening t“a real persn”.
C. The wrld f technlgy.D. Talking t technlgy.
第二节 (共5 小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Talking with yur dctr
Talking freely with yur dctr can make yu feel better and gives yur dctr the infrmatin she r he needs t give yu the best care. Dn't be afraid r embarrassed t discuss smething that is bthering yu.____16____
●Stay psitive.
G t yur dctr's visits with a gd attitude.____17____Think teamwrk! Think psitive!
●Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
____18____This will make it easier fr yu t answer questins abut yur symptms（症状）and hw medicines make yu feel. It als makes it easier fr yu t bring up anything that yu are wrried abut. Make sure t be hnest abut hw yu feel and hw lng yu've felt that way.
●____19____
Yur medical histry is a list f yur illnesses, treatments, what the dctrs tld yu t d, and anything else yu think yur dctr shuld knw. Als, if yu are allergic（过敏）t any medicines, be sure t mentin that t yur dctr.
●Ask questins.
D nt be afraid t ask yur dctr any questins yu have. T remember all the questins yu have when yu are nt in the dctr's ffice, write them dwn and bring the list with yu t yur appintment.____20____Remember—there's n such thing as a stupid questin. If yu dn't understand the answer t a questin, ask the dctr t explain it again until yu d understand.
A. This will make getting answers easier.
B. Here are sme tips fr talking with yur dctr.
C. Yu can talk t anther dctr if the treatments dn't wrk.
D. Befre yur dctr's visit, keep ntes n hw yu are feeling.
E. Remember, yur dctr and ther caregivers are n yur side.
F. Bring yur medical histry, including a list f yur current medicines.
G. Writing dwn what the dctr says will help yu remember imprtant infrmatin.
第二部分 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“If after the first 50 pages f a bk yu dn’t get engaged, yu’ re allwed t stp reading and try again later when yu feel ready fr it,” my father tld me.
My father hlds this ___21___ respnsible fr his lifelng lve f literature. As a busy laburer, he has regarded reading bks as an almst sacred ___22___ . He feels a strng, perhaps, irresistible ____23____ t read frequently and a lt.
I dn’t think my father ____24____ t hand the advice dwn t me. He’s nt the srt t give advice and I’m nt the srt t ____25____ it. But I find it’s because the advice is delivered _____26_____ that it is mst likely t be listened t.
I like this advice “reading first 50 pages”, fr the genersity and respect it extends t a bk’s ____27____ and his r her craft. A reader, it suggests, needs a little ____28____ t adapt t a bk’s particular tne and vice. Meanwhile, this advice gives a persn permissin t ____29____ reading. Nbdy, it implies, need frce themselves t struggle thrugh a bk they’re nt ___30___ .
I particularly like the ___31___ advice t return t a bk “when yu feel ready fr it.” It’s a ___32___ that reading is naturally relatinal and that the readers need time.
Even when I’m mre than ready t stp reading by page 50, ___33___ the exercise feels wrth ding. Just like stpping swimming halfway makes the muscles in my legs ache ____34____ it uses them in a different way frm cycling. But in bth cases, it’s a satisfying kind f hurt because it’s a ____35____ f getting strnger.
21. A. warningB. adviceC. guaranteeD. request
22. A. debateB. prtestC. begD. escape
23. A. trendB. viewC. urgeD. influence
24. A. daredB. frgtC. hesitatedD. intended
25. A. askB. writeC. drpD. supprt
26. A. safelyB. quicklyC. indirectlyD. persnally
27. A. readerB. authrC. criticD. publisher
28. A. patienceB. luckC. helpD. grace
29. A. finishB. teachC. lveD. stp
30. A. referring tB. talking abutC. cnnecting withD. cmmenting n
31. A. gentleB. strngC. cmmnD. timely
32. A. dutyB. recgnitinC. pityD. wnder
33. A. thusB. justC. thenD. still
34. A. unlessB. becauseC. nceD. befre
35. A. signB. ruleC. questinD. gal
第三部分 语法选择题 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
36. We must all take actin t reduce ur carbn ftprint, and prtect wildlife habitats it is t late.
A. sinceB. untilC. afterD. befre
37. This is the ancient tree, branches prvide a cl shelter fr peple t rest under during ht summers.
A. whichB. thatC. whseD. wh
38. The questin ur small twn will hst a famus singer’s free cncert next mnth has been n everyne’s lips.
A. if B. whether C. what D. which
39. The experienced guide made the turists a clser lk at the rare plants in the nature reserve t appreciate their unique beauty.
A. d B. dne C. t d D. ding
40. in the sudden rainstrm while hiking in the muntains was an unpleasant experience fr the utdr enthusiasts.
A. Being caughtB. CaughtC. CatchingD. T Catch
41. It was in that small, czy cffee shp by the river the tw ld friends reunited after years f separatin. They shared many memries and laughed a lt.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
42. —— This prject is challenging, with its tight deadlines and cmplex requirements.
—— Yes, but I think it’s than the ne we did last quarter, which had even stricter rules and a larger scpe.
A. mre challenging B. the mst challenging
C. less challenging D. the least challenging
43. Finally, the cmpany — by its new manager — started t make a prfit.
A. heading B. t head C. was headed D. headed
44. The greatest glry in living lies nt in never , but in rising every time we fall.
A. t fall B. falling C. fallen D. fall
45. In the new semester, the schl has launched a series f diverse and innvative curses t meet the varius interests f the students. These students may chse the curses that mst interest .
A. them B. themselves C. us D. itself
第四部分 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nt all famus natinal parks are n land. Sme natinal parks are marine parks. One gd example f this is the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park in Australia. _____46_____ (stretch) ver 2,300 kilmeters, the Great Barrier Reef is cnsidered ne f the natural wnders f the wrld. It is the largest structure in the wrld made by living creatures. A wide variety f trpical wildlife als ____47____ (make) the reef its hme.
Since the Great Barrier Reef is just belw the surface f the water, it is an excellent place_____48_____ (see) nature, and millins f peple travel there every year. The park was created in 1975 t prtect the reef ______49______ verdevelpment and fishing.
Unfrtunately, the _____50_____ (big) danger t the Great Barrier Reef is smething park ______51______ (manage) cannt stp — glbal warming. Rising cean temperatures are causing sme cral t die ______52______ the clurful reefs t turn grey. Hundreds f years ag, peple culd nt imagine that there wuld ever be a time _____53_____ frests wuld be cut dwn, ceans wuld becme______54______(pllute), and wildlife wuld face extinctin.
Facing the prblems f envirnment pllutin and verdevelpment, sme natinal parks have been set aside t prtect bth natural features and wildlife. _____55_____ prtectin f natural areas has attracted much media attentin, and nw mre and mre peple are supprting the idea f ec-friendly develpment.
第五部分 用所给词汇的正确形式填空(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
56. The pattern f injuries is c____________ (和……一致，和……相符) with an attack with a knife. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
57. The drp in supply equates t abut a mnth f fd c____________ (消费；消耗) fr Kenya and Smalia cmbined. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
58. The ttal amunt f e____________(接触；暴露) t the smke alng the surface area f the lung is thught t be higher. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
59. There can be mre rm in the b____________ (预算) fr better fds if meat is kept t a minimum. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
60. Research int ageing in larger mammals gives an i____________ (洞察) int human life expectancy. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
61. New Yrkers have been tld what they had lng s____________ (怀疑) but did nt particularly want t knw. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
62. With a m____________ (成熟的) and ratinal mindset, she was able t handle the cmplex prject with ease, carefully cnsidering all pssible ptins and cnsequences befre taking any actin. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
63. I was far frm c____________(信服，说服) abut this, but felt we had t try. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
64. Her speech missed the mark and failed t g____________ (产生) the public supprt she had been hping fr. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
65. This remarkable technlgy prvides far greater clarity than c____________ (传统的、常规的) X-rays. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
66. We’re required t t____________ (解决) the fundamental cause f the prblem. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
67. Her disappinting exam results are e____________(完全) due t her inattentin in class. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
68. As fr chemical fertilisers, crps grwn with them usually grw t fast t be rich in n ________ (营养). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
69. I remain ____________(乐观) that a peaceful settlement f the dispute can be achieved. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
70. The prject is nly in the i___________ (最初的) phase as yet, but it’s lking quite prmising. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
第六部分 完成句子(共10 小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意，从所给词组中挑选合适的一项并用其正确形式完成句子，其中有两个选项为多余选项 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71. __________________ the autmbile, Americans sn had a freedm f mvement previusly unknwn.
72. Each f us can develp his r her wn “energy saving prgramme” with a little self-bservatin, critical self-cntrl and,_________________, lgical cnsistency.
73. They engage cllege undergraduates t teach cmputer science t high schl students, wh _________________ instruct middle schl students n the tpic.
74. Carbn dixide _________________ carbn and xygen.
75. Since the war ______________, the phnes at dnatin centres have been ringing ff the hk.
76. Many renwned scientists in the field f astrphysics _________________ the thery f the BigBang, as it prvides a cmprehensive explanatin fr the rigin and evlutin f the universe.
77. Mary is _________________ the art and music sectin; and Charles, the sprts page.
78. __________________ the fact that they had limited resurces and a tight deadline, the prject team managed t deliver an utstanding result thrugh their unwavering dedicatin and innvative thinking.
79. She addressed me with an easy familiarity that made me _______________ .
80. Mbile devices are becming less expensive. Sphisticated smartphnes, _________________ , can nw be purchased fr less than $100.
第七部分 应用文写作 (满分15分)
81. 假定你是李华，你校将举办一场主题为“What Makes a Great Scientist?”的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
(1)介绍一位当代的伟大科学家；
(2)对你的启发。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为 80个左右；
(2)请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
What Makes a Great Scientist?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
thanks t get invlved in abve all feel at hme fr instance regardless f subscribe t in charge f cnsist f in turn prir t break ut