2025届河南省许昌市名校高三下学期第二次模（高考模拟）拟考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份2025届河南省许昌市名校高三下学期第二次模（高考模拟）拟考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），共34页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第Ⅰ卷 (选择题，共95分)
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw des the man react t the news?
A. He was prud f it. B. He fund it unbelievable. C. He was nt surprised abut it.
2. Hw des the man keep in tuch with his grandparent?
A. By WeChat. B. By e-mail. C. By phne.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Schl subjects. B. Online classes. C. TV prgrams.
4. Hw much des a small rm cst fr a night?
A. $20. B. $30. C. $50.
5. What test has the wman been studying fr this week?
A. English. B. Histry. C. Chemistry.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why can't the man take exercise regularly?
A. He desn't feel well. B. He can't spare mre time. C. He can't affrd the mney.
7. What will the wman prbably d n Saturday?
A. Attend a party. B. G t the gym. C. Watch a mvie.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What prgram did the man watch n the weekend?
A. A ftball game. B. A plice drama. C. A film abut a train trip.
9. What des the wman think f Slw TV?
A. Dull. B. Relaxing. C. Exciting.
10. What will the man d this weekend?
A. Watch TV. B. Film his tree. C. Take a walk utside.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Hw can peple save the envirnment accrding t Alex?
A. By limiting the use f paper. B. By recycling waste water. C. By using less water.
12. What d Alex's schlmates d nce a mnth?
A. They make things ut f papers.
B They cllect newspapers at schl.
C. They thrw the ld newspapers away.
13. What des the wman prbably d?
A. An envirnmental expert. B. A kindergarten teacher. C. A newspaper reprter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Frmer schlmates. C. Teacher and student.
15. Which high schl is the best in the city?
A. Astn High Schl. B. Clin High Schl. C. Landway High Schl.
16. What des the wman suggest the man d?
A. Teach her ral French. B. Take a walk with her. C. Meet her freign teacher.
17. Where will the speakers g next?
A. A schl. B. A bkstre. C. A park.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did Katie d with her first cabbage?
A She dnated it t the hungry peple.
B. She gave it t the schl kitchen.
C. She ate it with her family.
19. Hw did Katie get land t start her first garden?
A. Frm her parents. B. Frm her schl. C. Frm her cmmunity.
20. What is Katie's aim nw?
A. T get 500 gardens. B. T raise ver $200, 000. C. T travel acrss 50 states.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are tns f physics textbks available arund the wrld. Based n ur web research, here are ur tp fur picks with the intrductin f physics in simple, practical language.
Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermdynamics
This bk is a cllectin f nline teachings by Prfessr R. Shankar. Shankar is ne f the first t be invlved in the innvative Open Yale Curses prgram. It is a perfect intrductin t cllege-level physics. Students f chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this bk helpful.
Physics fr Students f Science and Engineering
This bk helps students t read scientific data, answer scientific questins, and identify fundamental cncepts. The new and imprved 10th editin features multi-media resurces, and questins t test students’ understanding f each cncept.
The Feynman Lectures n Physics
Richard Feynman is regarded as ne f the greatest teachers f physics t walk the face f the earth. This bk is a cllectin f Feynman’s lectures. In his wrds, these lectures all began as an experiment, which, in turn, frmed the basis f this bk.
University Physics with Mdern Physics
The bk is recgnized fr teaching and applying principles f physics thrugh a narrative (叙事的) methd. T ensure a better understanding and ability t apply these cncepts, wrked examples are prvided, giving students tls t develp prblem-slving skills and cnceptual understanding.
1. What d the first tw bks have in cmmn?
A. They are imprved editins.
B. They are written by prfessrs.
C. They favr students f engineering.
D. They feature multi-media resurces.
2. Which bk best suits students wh enjy learning physics thrugh practical examples?
A. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermdynamics.
B. Physics fr Students f Science and Engineering.
C. The Feynman Lectures n Physics.
D. University Physics with Mdern Physics.
3. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. An nline article.
B. A research paper.
C. A physics textbk.
D. A science jurnal.
B
On a ht June day in 2015, I retired after 34 years f teaching high schl. Then, I drve t meet my new pian teacher, Mark.
I had wrked fr mre than three decades as a busy English teacher with an endless stream f papers t mark and precius little time t experiment r learn new skills. I was determined t make up fr all I had been missing. I wanted t finally master the pian and learn hw t make music.
I tld Mark I had a specific cncrete gal: t play Clair de lune by Claude Debussy, a piece I remember hearing frm early childhd.
Determined that there wuld be a day when I wuld ttally master this piece, I set myself a deadline: I wuld perfrm befre a gathering f friends n my 60th birthday. Fr mnths I did nthing but furiusly (猛烈地) practise. When the day came, arund 30 friends and relatives crwded int my dining rm t hear me play, and aside frm a few minr slips, I managed t pull it ff withut embarrassing myself. Peple clapped warmly. I made it. I had risen t a challenge, but I still didn't feel that I was really “making music”.
After that, my prgress was painfully slw. I had cme t hate hearing myself play music badly. I gt n pleasure frm the act f missing ntes.
I began fcusing n what few things I culd d: gardening and cycling. I came t understand that I didn't have t be that man I'd always thught I ught t be. I culd just d what feels gd. S, after nearly five years f lessns, I quit.
I still lve music; I regularly g ut t cncerts. But nw my pian des nthing mre than sit silently in my dining rm, displaying family phts and cllecting dust. And I'm perfectly happy with that.
4. Why did the authr chse “Clair de lune” as his pian gal after retiring?
A. It was a piece he had always admired since childhd.
B. It was recmmended by his pian teacher Mark.
C. It was a simple piece suitable fr beginners.
D. It was a ppular piece amng his friends and relatives.
5. Hw did the authr feel abut his pian perfrmance n his 60th birthday?
A. Cmpletely satisfied and prud.B. Smewhat disappinted but still pleased.
C. Very embarrassed and ashamed.D. Indifferent and uninterested.
6. What change did the authr make in his life after struggling with pian learning?
A. He gave up pian lessns and fcused n ther hbbies.
B. He cntinued t practice pian with mre determinatin.
C. He started taking mre music-related curses.
D. He became a cncert pianist and perfrmed regularly.
7. What main realizatin did the authr have abut his pian jurney?
A. He realized he had a natural talent fr pian.
B. He discvered the imprtance f perseverance.
C. He fund fulfillment in the prcess, nt just the utcme.
D He acknwledged limitatins and mved n.
C
Federal regulatrs said Friday that railrads need t re-examine hw they assemble their trains after a serius f derailments (脱轨) in recent years that were at least partly caused by the way empty and laded cars were mixed tgether with lcmtives (火车头). Heavy cars at the back f a train can push and pull against empty cars in the middle f a train as it ges ver hills and arund crners. Thse frces have becme mre f a prblem as the industry increasingly relies n lnger trains with a wide variety f freight abard.
Anther factr cmplicating the issue is the industry’s practice f placing lcmtives thrughut trains. The lcmtives can bst the frces if they’re nt used crrectly.
The fiery February derailment near East Palestine, Ohi, prmpted much f the recent cncern natinwide abut railrad safety as an example f this prblem. The Natinal Transprtatin Safety Bard has said that an verheated bearing that caused an axle (轮轴) t fail n ne f the railcars likely caused that derailment.
“Railrads must priritize prper train makeup t maintain safety, prevent accidents, and ptimize train perfrmance,” the railrad administratin said in the advisry. “Further, all perating emplyees must be prperly trained in these technlgies and the handling f cmplex trains t ensure safe peratin and minimize human errr.”
All f the derailments the FRA mentined invlved trains with at least 125 cars. In every case an empty car was the first t cme ff the tracks. The rder desn’t specifically single ut lng trains, but the kind f frces regulatrs are cncerned abut are bsted in lnger trains, especially if large blcks f empty cars are placed in the middle r frnt f a train. In three f the six derailments, hazardus chemicals were released, highlighting the ptential dangers f these accidents.
Nw trains rutinely stretch lnger than tw r even three miles (three t five kilmeters) lng. As a train mves acrss uneven territry, its frnt half might be getting pulled up a hill while the back half is cming dwn and pushing frward against the rest f the cars. Thse dynamics make it difficult fr the engineer t manage.
8. What is the reasn f derailments?
A. The empty and laded cars.B. The lack f examinatin f trains.
C. The industry relies n lnger trains.D. The tensin prduced by carriages f different weights.
9. What des the underlined wrd “fiery” prbably mean in paragraph 3?
A. Dubtful.B. Vilent.C. Strange.D. Latest.
10. Hw t reduce the issue f derailment accrding t the railrad administratin?
A. Technlgies need further imprvement.
B. Railrad cmpanies shuld minimize human errr.
C. Railrad cmpanies are suppsed t ptimize train perfrmance.
D. Bth the railway department and staff need further imprvement.
11. What makes it difficult fr train engineers t manage lng trains?
A. The weight f the empty cars.
B. The increasing variety f freight.
C. The dynamics f the train as it mves ver uneven terrain.
D. The strategic placement f lcmtives cmplicates management.
D
Researchers at the Tky University f Science (TUS) have develped a grundbreaking sweat bisensr that pens up new pssibilities fr real-time health mnitring.
Wearable sensrs, typically wrn directly n the skin, can mnitr vital signs such as heart rate, bld pressure, and muscle activity. Hwever, designing chemical sensrs fr detecting substance in bdily liquid, like sweat, has prven mre cmplex due t issues f skin irritatin (刺激) and accuracy when integrated int clthing.
Addressing these challenges, the research team at TUS used a technique called “heat-transfer Printing” t fix a thin, flexible chlride in (氯离子) sensr nt a clthing base and then integrated it int clthes such as T-shirts. Further, health signs such as chlride in cncentratin in sweat can be measured by simply wearing them. By mving the sensr utside f the clthing piece, skin irritatin is prevented. The wicking effect (芯吸效应) f fiber helps distributing sweat evenly between the sensr’s electrdes (电极), ensuring stable electrical cntact and therefre imprving the accuracy.
Additinally, the team carefully selected skin-friendly materials and cnducted varius experiments using artificial sweat t prve the sensr’s accuracy in measuring chlride in cncentratin. T assess its practicality, the team tested the sensr n a vlunteer wh engaged in a 30-minute exercise n a still bicycle. Measurements f bdily liquid were taken every five minutes and cmpared with the data cllected by the sensr. The wearable sensr reliably measured the cncentratin f chlride ins in sweat. Mrever, the sensr has the capability t deliver data wirelessly, enabling real-time health mnitring.
This breakthrugh can bst the develpment f advanced healthcare devices that ffer precise and cnvenient mnitring f imprtant health indicatrs. With the pwer f these tiny electrnics, researchers are pushing the bundaries f healthcare innvatin t imprve disease preventin and verall well-being.
12. What is the main purpse f the sweat bisensr develped by TUS?
A. T measure muscle activity.
B. T mnitr heart rate and bld pressure.
C T detect chlride ins in sweat fr health mnitring.
D. T prevent skin irritatin caused by wearable sensrs.
13. Why is designing sweat-based chemical sensrs mre cmplex?
A. Direct skin placement demands.
B. Limitatins in heat-transfer printing technlgy.
C. Difficulties in manufacturing chlride in sensrs.
D. Skin irritatin and accuracy challenges in clthing integratin.
14. What methd did TUS use t prevent skin irritatin caused by the sensr?
A. By using skin-friendly materials.B. By mving the sensr utside clthing.
C. By imprving the accuracy f the sensr.D. By cnducting experiments using artificial sweat.
15. Hw was the practicality f the sensr assessed?
A. Cnducting experiments using artificial sweat.
B. Measuring chlride in cncentratin in sweat reliably.
C. Testing the sensr n a vlunteer and cmparing results.
D. Selecting skin-friendly materials fr the sensr.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Schl is prbably the best place t expand yur academic knwledge, ut when it cmes t learning abut life, there is nthing mre enriching than travelling. Travelling prvides mre valuable life lessns than schl, because instead f being tld smething, yu experience it. ____16____
Travelling frces yu ut f yur cmfrt zne.
Schl is a place where yu usually feel safe. ____17____ It pushes yu ut f yur cmfrt zne. And it is a gd thing, because it will help yu grw as a persn.
____18____
Travelling gives yu a new view n hw yu live. Yu might be able t read abut different ways f life in a textbk, but experiencing it fr yurself ffers a whle dimensin f learning and understanding that can nly really be achieved thrugh travelling.
Travelling helps yu build cnfidence.
When yu travel t a new place, yu learn hw t becme independent and hw t fit int this new life. ____19____ With travel cme challenges, and the mre challenges yu take n and vercme, the greater yur cnfidence will grw.
Yu will learn hw t be cmfrtable with uncertainty and the unexpected.
Travel teaches yu that the unexpected is rarely as bad as yu think. Learning t g with the flw and be flexible in life is prbably ne f the best lessns yu can learn because life desn't g as planned. ____20____
A. Travellıng discnnects yu frm yur daily rutine.
B. Travelling allws yu t see and experience new ways f life.
C. Here are fur reasns why travelling is such a valuable learning experience.
D. Yu really surprise yurself and accmplish things yu never thught yu culd d.
E. Hwever, travelling means new fds, cultures, languages, peple, and places t explre.
F. Eventually, yu becme used t the uncertainty and the unexpected challenges that cme yur way.
G. Once yu actually g and visit, yu may even challenge yur wn pinin abut less knwn places and cultures.
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My parents always expsed me t different things I hadn’t seen since they married. My parents frequently ____21____ me camping and rad trips. And it was an imprtant ____22____ fr me t see a different and scape, different cities and muntains. Taking my experience frm ____23____ and being in the utdrs, I became really ____24____ with being utside.
When I gt lder, I wanted t see mre f the wrld. I didn’t ____25____ an airplane t travel utside f this cuntry until after cllege. There were n spring break ____26____ where I was ging t Mexic r t Washingtn D. C. with my class. My parents culdn’t ____27____ t d thse things. When I tk my first sl trip t Bangkk, I was ____28____ after I realized I culdn’t read anything, and I was jyful because it was amazing t be s far frm ____29____ . I said: “Oh my gsh, I _____30_____ it. ”
It intrduced me t the _____31_____ f travel. T _____32_____ with cultures where yu dn’t speak the same language, yu nly need a smile r certain hand _____33_____ which can shw warmth and welcme. Especially as a yung black wman. I dn’t have t wrry abut hw I am regarded just in America, but I have t be _____34_____ abut that arund the wrld. Travel is the bug I will never _____35_____ .
21. A. brughtB. tkC. fughtD. gave
22. A. featureB. tendencyC. bmD. chance
23. A. hikingB. huntingC. campingD. shpping
24. A. fascinatedB. assciatedC. satisfiedD. disappinted
25. A. put ffB. take utC. get nD. subscribe t
26. A. tripsB. experiencesC. tipsD. surrundings
27. A. urgeB. hpeC. expectD. affrd
28 A. desperateB. anxiusC. alertD. ambitius
29. A. hmeB. abradC. schlD. habitat
30. A. getB. dreamC. makeD. reach
31. A. panicB. pwerC. budgetD. cnsistency
32. A. beginB. cnnectC. interactD. fill
33. A. gesturesB. signsC. tricksD. assignments
34. A. carefulB. curiusC. particularD. cncerned
35. A. achieveB. killC. mtivateD. prceed
第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题，共55分)
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Japanese directr reveals inspiratin frm Chinese animatin
Japanese directr Makt Shinkai’s ____36____ (late) film Suxume premiered (首映) in Beijing’s Peking University n March 18, ___37___ (attract) a lt f cllege students with its heartwarming stry and wnderful visuals.
____38____ (gain) wrldwide reputatin fr his films Yur Name and Weathering with Yu, Shinkai is regarded ___39___ a master stryteller wh skillfully cmbines plts with breathtaking images.
____40____ is said that Shinkai was inspired by the destructive Thku earthquake and tsunami f 2011. Suzume tells a stry between a girl and a mysterius yung man ____41____ family duty is t prevent natural disasters. When the yung man ____42____ (transfrm) int a three-legged chair by a cat, the girl sets abut a jurney t help him recver his bdy and t prevent future disasters.
____43____ (interest), Shinkai als revealed that the ppular Chinese cartn The Legend f Hei, abut a black cat mnster, has given him the inspiratin t create the keystne, ___44___ unusual and magic bject that pssesses the pwer t clse the _____45_____ (dr) preventing disasters.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Paul来你校做交换生。他对于校园里学生统一穿校服的现象不理解，给你发来邮件询问此事，并咨询他是否也必须穿校服。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 说明原因；
2. 给出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Paul,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs.
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，’使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Birthday Surprise
I std at the kitchen windw watching Papa as he sat in the ld, wden lawn chair staring ut at the lake. Ralph, his ld black dg, lay n the grund at his side. Papa’s hand absently strked (抚摩) the head f his ld cmpanin as they dreamed the dreams f ld men and ld dgs in the evening sun. “He des this day after day?” I asked Mama.
She ndded, sadness filling her eyes. “I dn’t knw what t d fr him. There is a strng desire in his eyes that I can’t satisfy -a desire fr the past. The past can’t be brught back t the present. Once days are gne, they are gne frever,” Mama sighed.
“I’m ging dwn t talk t him,” I said.
I called ut t Papa and handed him a cup f cffee. “What are yu and Ralph thinking abut all these hurs yu spend ut here?” I asked,
“We’re nt thinking,” he said sftly. “We’re wishing.” I sat n the grass beside his chair. “Wishing fr what?” “Fr the impssible, I suppse,” he sighed. “Yu always tld me that nthing was impssible if yu wanted it badly enugh and were willing t wrk hard fr it,” I reminded him.
He laughed sftly, but there was n amusement in the sund. “But Ralph and I have cme t learn that when yu reach ur age, sme things are actually impssible.” “Maybe I can help yu. What d yu want s badly?” I asked.
Papa grinned (咧嘴大笑), and his eyes shne brightly at the thught f his dream becming a reality. “Ralph and I want t fix up the ld bat and g ut n the lake again. We used t spend all day ut n the lake, fishing, drinking beer and eating sandwiches,” Papa said.
Yes, I remember. When I was yung, Papa and Ralph ften enjyed themselves n the lake n weekends. They’d start fr hme when the sun went dwn, ttally satisfied with themselves and with life. Nw, Papa was almst eighty-five years ld and had a heart cnditin, s Mama was hrrified by the idea f him ging ut n the lake again at first. But eventually I managed t cnvince her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After Mama agreed, I persuaded my friends t jin in my secret plan.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On the day f Papa’s birthday, we were all eager t give him a surprise.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2025届高三英语模拟测试卷 (二)
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷 (选择题) 和第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题) 两部分，共150分。考试用时120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 (选择题，共95分)
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw des the man react t the news?
A. He was prud f it. B. He fund it unbelievable. C. He was nt surprised abut it.
2. Hw des the man keep in tuch with his grandparent?
A. By WeChat. B. By e-mail. C. By phne.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Schl subjects. B. Online classes. C. TV prgrams.
4. Hw much des a small rm cst fr a night?
A. $20. B. $30. C. $50.
5. What test has the wman been studying fr this week?
A. English. B. Histry. C. Chemistry.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why can't the man take exercise regularly?
A. He desn't feel well. B. He can't spare mre time. C. He can't affrd the mney.
7. What will the wman prbably d n Saturday?
A. Attend a party. B. G t the gym. C. Watch a mvie.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What prgram did the man watch n the weekend?
A. A ftball game. B. A plice drama. C. A film abut a train trip.
9. What des the wman think f Slw TV?
A. Dull. B. Relaxing. C. Exciting.
10. What will the man d this weekend?
A. Watch TV. B. Film his tree. C. Take a walk utside.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Hw can peple save the envirnment accrding t Alex?
A. By limiting the use f paper. B. By recycling waste water. C. By using less water.
12. What d Alex's schlmates d nce a mnth?
A. They make things ut f papers.
B. They cllect newspapers at schl.
C. They thrw the ld newspapers away.
13. What des the wman prbably d?
A. An envirnmental expert. B. A kindergarten teacher. C. A newspaper reprter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Frmer schlmates. C. Teacher and student.
15. Which high schl is the best in the city?
A. Astn High Schl. B. Clin High Schl. C. Landway High Schl.
16. What des the wman suggest the man d?
A. Teach her ral French. B. Take a walk with her. C. Meet her freign teacher.
17. Where will the speakers g next?
A. A schl. B. A bkstre. C. A park.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did Katie d with her first cabbage?
A. She dnated it t the hungry peple.
B. She gave it t the schl kitchen.
C. She ate it with her family.
19. Hw did Katie get land t start her first garden?
A Frm her parents. B. Frm her schl. C. Frm her cmmunity.
20. What is Katie's aim nw?
A. T get 500 gardens. B. T raise ver $200, 000. C. T travel acrss 50 states.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
There are tns f physics textbks available arund the wrld. Based n ur web research, here are ur tp fur picks with the intrductin f physics in simple, practical language.
Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermdynamics
This bk is a cllectin f nline teachings by Prfessr R. Shankar. Shankar is ne f the first t be invlved in the innvative Open Yale Curses prgram. It is a perfect intrductin t cllege-level physics. Students f chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this bk helpful.
Physics fr Students f Science and Engineering
This bk helps students t read scientific data answer scientific questins, and identify fundamental cncepts. The new and imprved 10th editin features multi-media resurces, and questins t test students’ understanding f each cncept.
The Feynman Lectures n Physics
Richard Feynman is regarded as ne f the greatest teachers f physics t walk the face f the earth. This bk is a cllectin f Feynman’s lectures. In his wrds, these lectures all began as an experiment, which, in turn, frmed the basis f this bk.
University Physics with Mdern Physics
The bk is recgnized fr teaching and applying principles f physics thrugh a narrative (叙事的) methd. T ensure a better understanding and ability t apply these cncepts, wrked examples are prvided, giving students tls t develp prblem-slving skills and cnceptual understanding.
1. What d the first tw bks have in cmmn?
A. They are imprved editins.
B They are written by prfessrs.
C. They favr students f engineering.
D. They feature multi-media resurces.
2. Which bk best suits students wh enjy learning physics thrugh practical examples?
A. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermdynamics.
B. Physics fr Students f Science and Engineering.
C. The Feynman Lectures n Physics.
D. University Physics with Mdern Physics.
3. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. An nline article.
B. A research paper.
C. A physics textbk.
D. A science jurnal.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本物理学入门教科书，这些书用简单的语言介绍了物理学。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“It is a perfect intrductin t cllege-level physics. Students f chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this bk helpful.(这是大学物理的完美入门。化学、工程和AP物理专业的学生会发现这本书很有帮助。)”可知，Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermdynamics这本书适合化学、工程学和AP物理学专业的学生，再由文章第三段“This bk helps students t read scientific data, answer scientific questins, and identify fundamental cncepts. (这本书帮助学生阅读科学数据，回答科学问题，并确定基本概念。)”可知，Physics fr Students f Science and Engineering这本书能帮助学生阅读科学数据、回答科学问题并确定基本概念，且此书的名字也提及了工程学专业，故这两本书都适合工程学专业的学生阅读。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“T ensure a better understanding and ability t apply these cncepts, wrked examples are prvided, giving students tls t develp prblem-slving skills and cnceptual understanding.(为了确保更好地理解和应用这些概念，提供了工作示例，为学生提供了培养解决问题的能力和概念理解的工具。)”可知，University Physics with Mdern Physics这本书最适合喜欢通过实际例子学习物理的学生。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Based n ur web research, here are ur tp fur picks with the intrductin f physics in simple, practical language.(根据我们的网络研究，以下是我们用简单实用的语言介绍物理学的四大精选。)”并分析文章的语言和内容结构可知，这篇文章可能是一篇在线文章（类似于网络文章或博客帖子）。故选A项。
B
On a ht June day in 2015, I retired after 34 years f teaching high schl. Then, I drve t meet my new pian teacher, Mark.
I had wrked fr mre than three decades as a busy English teacher with an endless stream f papers t mark and precius little time t experiment r learn new skills. I was determined t make up fr all I had been missing. I wanted t finally master the pian and learn hw t make music.
I tld Mark I had a specific cncrete gal: t play Clair de lune by Claude Debussy, a piece I remember hearing frm early childhd.
Determined that there wuld be a day when I wuld ttally master this piece, I set myself a deadline: I wuld perfrm befre a gathering f friends n my 60th birthday. Fr mnths I did nthing but furiusly (猛烈地) practise. When the day came, arund 30 friends and relatives crwded int my dining rm t hear me play, and aside frm a few minr slips, I managed t pull it ff withut embarrassing myself. Peple clapped warmly. I made it. I had risen t a challenge, but I still didn't feel that I was really “making music”.
After that, my prgress was painfully slw. I had cme t hate hearing myself play music badly. I gt n pleasure frm the act f missing ntes.
I began fcusing n what few things I culd d: gardening and cycling. I came t understand that I didn't have t be that man I'd always thught I ught t be. I culd just d what feels gd. S, after nearly five years f lessns, I quit.
I still lve music; I regularly g ut t cncerts. But nw my pian des nthing mre than sit silently in my dining rm, displaying family phts and cllecting dust. And I'm perfectly happy with that.
4. Why did the authr chse “Clair de lune” as his pian gal after retiring?
A. It was a piece he had always admired since childhd.
B. It was recmmended by his pian teacher Mark.
C. It was a simple piece suitable fr beginners.
D. It was a ppular piece amng his friends and relatives.
5. Hw did the authr feel abut his pian perfrmance n his 60th birthday?
A. Cmpletely satisfied and prud.B. Smewhat disappinted but still pleased.
C. Very embarrassed and ashamed.D. Indifferent and uninterested.
6. What change did the authr make in his life after struggling with pian learning?
A. He gave up pian lessns and fcused n ther hbbies.
B. He cntinued t practice pian with mre determinatin.
C. He started taking mre music-related curses.
D. He became a cncert pianist and perfrmed regularly.
7. What main realizatin did the authr have abut his pian jurney?
A. He realized he had a natural talent fr pian.
B. He discvered the imprtance f perseverance.
C. He fund fulfillment in the prcess, nt just the utcme.
D. He acknwledged limitatins and mved n.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从最初对钢琴技艺的执着追求，到随后的放下，最终在园艺和骑行中获得满足的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“I tld Mark I had a specific cncrete gal: t play Clair de lune by Claude Debussy, apiece I remember hearing frm early childhd.(我告诉马克我有一个具体明确的目标：演奏克劳德•德彪西的《月光》，这是一首我记得从小就听过的曲子)” 可知，作者选择《月光》作为退休后的钢琴目标，是因为这是他从小就欣赏的曲子。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“When the day came, arund 30friends and relatives crwded int my dining rm t hear me play, and aside frm a few minr slips, I managed t pull it ff withut embarrassing myself. Peple clapped warmly. I made it.(当那一天到来时，大约 30位朋友和亲戚挤进了我的餐厅听我演奏，除了几个小失误外，我成功地完成了演奏，没有让自己难堪。人们热烈地鼓掌。我做到了)” 可知，作者在60岁生日那天的钢琴表演虽然有些小失误，但总体上还是成功的，并且得到了人们的热烈掌声，因此作者应该是感到有些满意但仍然有些失望 (因为有小失误) 。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“I began fcusing n what few things I culd d: gardening and cycling.(我开始专注于我能做的少数几件事：园艺和骑自行车)” 以及“S, after nearly five years f lessns, I quit.(所以，在上了近五年的课后, 我放弃了)”可知，作者在努力学习钢琴近五年后，选择了放弃，并开始专注于其他爱好。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是最后一段“I still lve music; I regularly g ut t cncerts. But nw my pian des nthing mre than sit silently in my dining rm, dis-playing family phts and cllecting dust. And I'm perfectly happy with that.(我仍然热爱音乐；我经常去听音乐会。但现在我的钢琴只是静静地放在餐厅里，展示着家庭照片并积着灰尘。而我对此非常满意)”可知，作者认识到了自己在钢琴方面的局限，并决定放弃，将时间和精力投入到其他兴趣和爱好上，这体现了作者对自己能力的清醒认识和对未来的积极规划。因此，作者对学习钢琴这一经历的主要认识是认识到了自己的局限并继续前进。故D。
C
Federal regulatrs said Friday that railrads need t re-examine hw they assemble their trains after a serius f derailments (脱轨) in recent years that were at least partly caused by the way empty and laded cars were mixed tgether with lcmtives (火车头). Heavy cars at the back f a train can push and pull against empty cars in the middle f a train as it ges ver hills and arund crners. Thse frces have becme mre f a prblem as the industry increasingly relies n lnger trains with a wide variety f freight abard.
Anther factr cmplicating the issue is the industry’s practice f placing lcmtives thrughut trains. The lcmtives can bst the frces if they’re nt used crrectly.
The fiery February derailment near East Palestine, Ohi, prmpted much f the recent cncern natinwide abut railrad safety as an example f this prblem. The Natinal Transprtatin Safety Bard has said that an verheated bearing that caused an axle (轮轴) t fail n ne f the railcars likely caused that derailment.
“Railrads must priritize prper train makeup t maintain safety, prevent accidents, and ptimize train perfrmance,” the railrad administratin said in the advisry. “Further, all perating emplyees must be prperly trained in these technlgies and the handling f cmplex trains t ensure safe peratin and minimize human errr.”
All f the derailments the FRA mentined invlved trains with at least 125 cars. In every case an empty car was the first t cme ff the tracks. The rder desn’t specifically single ut lng trains, but the kind f frces regulatrs are cncerned abut are bsted in lnger trains, especially if large blcks f empty cars are placed in the middle r frnt f a train. In three f the six derailments, hazardus chemicals were released, highlighting the ptential dangers f these accidents.
Nw trains rutinely stretch lnger than tw r even three miles (three t five kilmeters) lng. As a train mves acrss uneven territry, its frnt half might be getting pulled up a hill while the back half is cming dwn and pushing frward against the rest f the cars. Thse dynamics make it difficult fr the engineer t manage.
8. What is the reasn f derailments?
A. The empty and laded cars.B. The lack f examinatin f trains.
C. The industry relies n lnger trains.D. The tensin prduced by carriages f different weights.
9. What des the underlined wrd “fiery” prbably mean in paragraph 3?
A. Dubtful.B. Vilent.C. Strange.D. Latest.
10. Hw t reduce the issue f derailment accrding t the railrad administratin?
A. Technlgies need further imprvement.
B. Railrad cmpanies shuld minimize human errr.
C. Railrad cmpanies are suppsed t ptimize train perfrmance.
D. Bth the railway department and staff need further imprvement.
11. What makes it difficult fr train engineers t manage lng trains?
A. The weight f the empty cars.
B. The increasing variety f freight.
C. The dynamics f the train as it mves ver uneven terrain.
D. The strategic placement f lcmtives cmplicates management.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了联邦监管机构要求铁路公司重新检修列车，因一系列的严重的脱轨事故引发了全国范围内对铁路安全的担忧，而这些脱轨事故至少有部分是由于空车和满载车辆与机车混合在一起造成的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Federal regulatrs said Friday that railrads need t re-examine hw they assemble their trains after a serius f derailments (脱轨) in recent years that were at least partly caused by the way empty and laded cars were mixed tgether with lcmtives (火车头). Heavy cars at the back f a train can push and pull against empty cars in the middle f a train as it ges ver hills and arund crners.(联邦监管机构周五表示，铁路公司需要重新审视其列车的组装方式。近年来发生了一系列脱轨事件，其中至少部分原因是空车和载车与机车混在一起造成的。火车在翻山和转弯时，后面的重型车厢会对中间的空车产生推拉作用)”可知，正是不同重量车厢所产生的推挤力导致了火车的脱轨，故选D项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“prmpted much f the recent cncern natinwide abut railrad safety as an example f this prblem(引发了全国范围内对铁路安全的关注，这就是一个例子)”以及“The Natinal Transprtatin Safety Bard has said that an verheated bearing that caused an axle (轮轴) t fail n ne f the railcars likely caused that derailment.(美国国家运输安全委员会表示，可能是轴承过热导致其中一节车厢的车轴失灵导致了出轨)”可知，二月俄亥俄州东巴勒斯坦附近发生了严重的脱轨事件，引发了全国范围内对铁路安全的担忧，这就是这个问题的一个例子，因此可以推断划线词为“严重的、剧烈的”，故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““Railrads must priritize prper train makeup t maintain safety, prevent accidents, and ptimize train perfrmance,” the railrad administratin said in the advisry. “Further, all perating emplyees must be prperly trained in these technlgies and the handling f cmplex trains t ensure safe peratin and minimize human errr.”(“铁路必须优先考虑适当的列车组成，以保持安全，防止事故，并优化列车性能，”铁路管理局在公告中说。“此外，所有操作人员都必须接受这些技术和复杂列车处理方面的适当培训，以确保安全操作并最大限度地减少人为错误。”)”可推断，减少脱轨事件需要铁路部门和铁路员工的共同努力，故选D项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nw trains rutinely stretch lnger than tw r even three miles (three t five kilmeters) lng. As a train mves acrss uneven territry, its frnt half might be getting pulled up a hill while the back half is cming dwn and pushing frward against the rest f the cars. Thse dynamics make it difficult fr the engineer t manage.(现在，火车的长度通常超过2英里甚至3英里（3到5公里）。当一列火车在不平的路面上行驶时，它的前半部分可能会被拉上山坡，而后半部分则会下降，并向前推动其他车厢。这些动态使得工程师很难管理)”可知，当列车在不平坦的地形上行驶时，其前半部分可能被拉上山坡，而后半部分则可能向下推动并挤压其余车厢，这种动态使得工程师难以管理。故选C项。
D
Researchers at the Tky University f Science (TUS) have develped a grundbreaking sweat bisensr that pens up new pssibilities fr real-time health mnitring.
Wearable sensrs, typically wrn directly n the skin, can mnitr vital signs such as heart rate, bld pressure, and muscle activity. Hwever, designing chemical sensrs fr detecting substance in bdily liquid, like sweat, has prven mre cmplex due t issues f skin irritatin (刺激) and accuracy when integrated int clthing.
Addressing these challenges, the research team at TUS used a technique called “heat-transfer Printing” t fix a thin, flexible chlride in (氯离子) sensr nt a clthing base and then integrated it int clthes such as T-shirts. Further, health signs such as chlride in cncentratin in sweat can be measured by simply wearing them. By mving the sensr utside f the clthing piece, skin irritatin is prevented. The wicking effect (芯吸效应) f fiber helps distributing sweat evenly between the sensr’s electrdes (电极), ensuring stable electrical cntact and therefre imprving the accuracy.
Additinally, the team carefully selected skin-friendly materials and cnducted varius experiments using artificial sweat t prve the sensr’s accuracy in measuring chlride in cncentratin. T assess its practicality, the team tested the sensr n a vlunteer wh engaged in a 30-minute exercise n a still bicycle. Measurements f bdily liquid were taken every five minutes and cmpared with the data cllected by the sensr. The wearable sensr reliably measured the cncentratin f chlride ins in sweat. Mrever, the sensr has the capability t deliver data wirelessly, enabling real-time health mnitring.
This breakthrugh can bst the develpment f advanced healthcare devices that ffer precise and cnvenient mnitring f imprtant health indicatrs. With the pwer f these tiny electrnics, researchers are pushing the bundaries f healthcare innvatin t imprve disease preventin and verall well-being.
12. What is the main purpse f the sweat bisensr develped by TUS?
A. T measure muscle activity.
B. T mnitr heart rate and bld pressure.
C. T detect chlride ins in sweat fr health mnitring.
D T prevent skin irritatin caused by wearable sensrs.
13. Why is designing sweat-based chemical sensrs mre cmplex?
A. Direct skin placement demands.
B. Limitatins in heat-transfer printing technlgy.
C. Difficulties in manufacturing chlride in sensrs.
D. Skin irritatin and accuracy challenges in clthing integratin.
14. What methd did TUS use t prevent skin irritatin caused by the sensr?
A. By using skin-friendly materials.B. By mving the sensr utside clthing.
C. By imprving the accuracy f the sensr.D. By cnducting experiments using artificial sweat.
15. Hw was the practicality f the sensr assessed?
A. Cnducting experiments using artificial sweat.
B. Measuring chlride in cncentratin in sweat reliably.
C. Testing the sensr n a vlunteer and cmparing results.
D. Selecting skin-friendly materials fr the sensr.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东京理科大学 研究人员开发的一种突破性汗液生物传感器，该传感器为实时健康监测提供了新的可能性。文章详细描述了传感器的设计原理、测试过程及其在实际应用中的潜力。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Researchers at the Tky University f Science (TUS) have develped a grundbreaking sweat bisensr that pens up new pssibilities fr real-time health mnitring.(东京理科大学（TUS）的研究人员开发出一种开创性的汗液生物传感器，为实时健康监测开辟了新的可能性)”和第三段中“Further, health signs such as chlride in cncentratin in sweat can be measured by simply wearing them.(此外，只需穿上它们，就可以测量出汗液中氯离子浓度等健康指标)”可推知，东京理科大学开发的汗液生物传感器的主要目的是检测汗液中的氯离子来进行健康监测。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hwever, designing chemical sensrs fr detecting substance in bdily liquid, like sweat, has prven mre cmplex due t issues f skin irritatin (刺激) and accuracy when integrated int clthing.(然而，事实证明，设计用于检测汗液等体液中物质的化学传感器更为复杂，因为将其集成到衣物中时会出现皮肤刺激和准确性问题)”可知，设计基于汗液的化学传感器更复杂是因为服装集成中的皮肤刺激和准确性挑战。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“By mving the sensr utside f the clthing piece, skin irritatin is prevented.(通过将传感器移到衣服外面，可以防止皮肤受到刺激)”可知，TUS通过将传感器移动到衣物外部来防止皮肤刺激。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“T assess its practicality, the team tested the sensr n a vlunteer wh engaged in a 30-minute exercise n a still bicycle. Measurements f bdily liquid were taken every five minutes and cmpared with the data cllected by the sensr.(为了评估其实用性，研究小组在一名志愿者身上测试了传感器，该志愿者骑着静止的自行车锻炼了30分钟。每五分钟测量一次体液，并与传感器收集的数据进行比较)”可知，通过对志愿者进行测试并比较结果来评估传感器的实用性。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Schl is prbably the best place t expand yur academic knwledge, ut when it cmes t learning abut life, there is nthing mre enriching than travelling. Travelling prvides mre valuable life lessns than schl, because instead f being tld smething, yu experience it. ____16____
Travelling frces yu ut f yur cmfrt zne.
Schl is a place where yu usually feel safe. ____17____ It pushes yu ut f yur cmfrt zne. And it is a gd thing, because it will help yu grw as a persn.
____18____
Travelling gives yu a new view n hw yu live. Yu might be able t read abut different ways f life in a textbk, but experiencing it fr yurself ffers a whle dimensin f learning and understanding that can nly really be achieved thrugh travelling.
Travelling helps yu build cnfidence.
When yu travel t a new place, yu learn hw t becme independent and hw t fit int this new life. ____19____ With travel cme challenges, and the mre challenges yu take n and vercme, the greater yur cnfidence will grw.
Yu will learn hw t be cmfrtable with uncertainty and the unexpected.
Travel teaches yu that the unexpected is rarely as bad as yu think. Learning t g with the flw and be flexible in life is prbably ne f the best lessns yu can learn because life desn't g as planned. ____20____
A. Travellıng discnnects yu frm yur daily rutine.
B. Travelling allws yu t see and experience new ways f life.
C. Here are fur reasns why travelling is such a valuable learning experience.
D. Yu really surprise yurself and accmplish things yu never thught yu culd d.
E. Hwever, travelling means new fds, cultures, languages, peple, and places t explre.
F. Eventually, yu becme used t the uncertainty and the unexpected challenges that cme yur way.
G. Once yu actually g and visit, yu may even challenge yur wn pinin abut less knwn places and cultures.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. B 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了旅游的好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Schl is prbably the best place t expand yur academic knwledge, ut when it cmes t learning abut life, there is nthing mre enriching than travelling. Travelling prvides mre valuable life lessns than schl, because instead f being tld smething, yu experience it.(学校可能是扩展你的学术知识的最好地方，当谈到学习生活时，没有什么比旅行更丰富的了。旅行提供了比上学更有价值的人生课程，因为你不是被告知，而是亲身体验)”可知，第一段从平时的学校生活切入、引出旅游是很有价值的学习经历。本段最后一句应是进一步引出下文内容：介绍旅游的好处，C选项“以下是为什么旅行是如此宝贵的学习经历的四个原因”符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Schl is a place where yu usually feel safe.(学校通常是一个让你感到安全的地方)”可知，本句与上一句存在对比关系。上句说到学校是一个你会感觉安全的地方，本句说旅游意味着接触新的事物。同时本句与下句存在指代关系，“it”指的是本句中的 traveling。故E选项“然而，旅行意味着探索新的食物、文化、语言、人民和地方”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据本段内容“Travelling gives yu a new view n hw yu live. Yu might be able t read abut different ways f life in a textbk, but experiencing it fr yurself ffers a whle dimensin f learning and understanding that can nly really be achieved thrugh travelling.(旅行让你对生活有了新的看法。你也许能在教科书上读到不同的生活方式，但亲自体验它提供了一个学习和理解的整体维度，这只能通过旅行才能真正实现)”可知，本段讲述的是旅游让你感受到书本上无法体验到的全新生活，B选项“旅游让你见识和体验全新的生活方式”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“When yu travel t a new place, yu learn hw t becme independent and hw t fit int this new life.(当你去一个新的地方旅行时，你会学会如何变得独立，如何适应新的生活)”可知，本句承接上文，说明去新地方旅行所带来的感受。故D选项“你会让自己大吃一惊，并完成你以前认为你做不到的事情”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Travel teaches yu that the unexpected is rarely as bad as yu think. Learning t g with the flw and be flexible in life is prbably ne f the best lessns yu can learn because life desn't g as planned.(旅行教会你意想不到的事情很少像你想的那么糟糕。学会随波逐流，在生活中保持灵活可能是你能学到的最好的一课，因为生活并不像计划的那样)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，说明因为生活并不像计划的那样，所以要学会习惯不确定和挑战。故F选项“最终，你会习惯不确定性和意想不到的挑战”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My parents always expsed me t different things I hadn’t seen since they married. My parents frequently ____21____ me camping and rad trips. And it was an imprtant ____22____ fr me t see a different and scape, different cities and muntains. Taking my experience frm ____23____ and being in the utdrs, I became really ____24____ with being utside.
When I gt lder, I wanted t see mre f the wrld. I didn’t ____25____ an airplane t travel utside f this cuntry until after cllege. There were n spring break ____26____ where I was ging t Mexic r t Washingtn D. C. with my class. My parents culdn’t ____27____ t d thse things. When I tk my first sl trip t Bangkk, I was ____28____ after I realized I culdn’t read anything, and I was jyful because it was amazing t be s far frm ____29____ . I said: “Oh my gsh, I _____30_____ it. ”
It intrduced me t the _____31_____ f travel. T _____32_____ with cultures where yu dn’t speak the same language, yu nly need a smile r certain hand _____33_____ which can shw warmth and welcme. Especially as a yung black wman. I dn’t have t wrry abut hw I am regarded just in America, but I have t be _____34_____ abut that arund the wrld. Travel is the bug I will never _____35_____ .
21. A. brughtB. tkC. fughtD. gave
22. A. featureB. tendencyC. bmD. chance
23. A. hikingB. huntingC. campingD. shpping
24. A. fascinatedB. assciatedC. satisfiedD. disappinted
25. A. put ffB. take utC. get nD. subscribe t
26. A. tripsB. experiencesC. tipsD. surrundings
27. A. urgeB. hpeC. expectD. affrd
28. A. desperateB. anxiusC. alertD. ambitius
29. A. hmeB. abradC. schlD. habitat
30. A. getB. dreamC. makeD. reach
31. A. panicB. pwerC. budgetD. cnsistency
32. A. beginB. cnnectC. interactD. fill
33. A. gesturesB. signsC. tricksD. assignments
34. A. carefulB. curiusC. particularD. cncerned
35. A. achieveB. killC. mtivateD. prceed
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为从小受到父母的影响，长大后想看到更多的世界。通过第一次出国旅行，作者认识到了旅行的力量。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父母经常带我去露营和自驾游。A. brught带来；B. tk带走；C. fught战斗；D. gave给予。根据上文“My parents always expsed me t different things I hadn’t seen since they married.(我父母总是让我接触到他们结婚后从未见过的不同事物)”可知，此处指父亲带作者去露营和自驾游，此处为短语give sb. sth.表示“给某人某物”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说是一个重要的机会，可以看到不同的风景，不同的城市和山脉。A. feature特点；B. tendency趋势；C. bm繁荣；D. chance机会。根据后文“fr me t see a different and scape, different cities and muntains”可知，可以看到不同的风景，不同的城市和山脉，这对作者来说是一个重要机会。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从露营和户外活动中获得的经验让我对户外活动非常着迷。A. hiking徒步；B. hunting打猎；C. camping露营；D. shpping购物。呼应上文“me camping”，这里指从露营和户外活动中获得的经验。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从露营和户外活动中获得的经验让我对户外活动非常着迷。A. fascinated入迷的；B. assciated有关联的；C. satisfied满足的；D. disappinted失望的。根据后文“When I gt lder, I wanted t see mre f the wrld.(当我长大了，我想看到更多的世界)”可知，户外获得让作者着迷了。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：直到大学毕业我才坐上飞机出国旅行。A. put ff推迟；B. take ut去除；C. get n上（飞机），相处融洽；D. subscribe t订阅。根据后文“an airplane t travel utside f this cuntry”可知，此处指坐飞机出国旅行，用get n an airplane。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，我没有和同学们一起去墨西哥或华盛顿特区。A. trips旅行；B. experiences经历；C. tips建议；D. surrundings环境。根据后文“where I was ging t Mexic r t Washingtn D. C. with my class”以及后文提到父母负担不起出国旅行，可知此处指春假期间作者没有和同学们一起去墨西哥或华盛顿特区。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母负担不起做这些事情。A. urge催促；B. hpe希望；C. expect期待；D. affrd负担起。根据上文“There were n spring break”以及“an airplane t travel utside f this cuntry until after cllege”可知，作者直到大学毕业才坐上飞机出国旅行，大春假期间也没能去旅行，结合选项推测是因为父母负担不起出国旅行，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次独自去曼谷旅行时，当我意识到我什么也看不懂后，我很焦虑，但我又很高兴，因为离家这么远真是太棒了。A. desperate绝望的；B. anxius焦虑的；C. alert警惕的；D. ambitius有抱负的。根据后文“after I realized I culdn’t read anything”可知，异国他乡看不懂文字，作者感到焦虑。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次独自去曼谷旅行时，当我意识到我什么也看不懂后，我很焦虑，但我又很高兴，因为离家这么远真是太棒了。A. hme家；B. abrad外国；C. schl学校；D. habitat栖息地。根据上文“I tk my first sl trip t Bangkk”可知，作者去曼谷旅行，离家很远。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说：“天哪，我成功了。”A. get得到；B. dream梦想；C. make制作；D. reach到达。此处指上文“When I tk my first sl trip t Bangkk”，作者做到了出国单独旅游，make it表示“成功”。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我认识到旅行的力量。A. panic恐慌；B. pwer力量；C. budget预算；D. cnsistency一致性。后文“with cultures where yu dn’t speak the same language, yu nly need a smile r certain hand”提到作者认识到文化互动的力量，说明了这次旅行让作者认识到了旅行的力量。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你与不同文化的人交流时，你只需要一个微笑或某些手势来表达你的热情和欢迎。A. begin开始；B. cnnect连接；C. interact互动；D. fill充满。根据后文“with cultures where yu dn’t speak the same language”以及后文提到了通过微笑和手势表达，所以是与不同文化的人交流，用interact with。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你与不同文化的人交流时，你只需要一个微笑或某些手势来表达你的热情和欢迎。A. gestures手势；B. signs标志；C. tricks技巧；D. assignments作业。根据上文“need a smile r certain hand”可知，这里指微笑或某些手势。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不必担心我在美国是如何被看待的，但我必须关心全世界的人。A. careful仔细的；B. curius好奇的；C. particular特别的；D. cncerned关心的。根据后文“abut that arund the wrld”以及上文作者出国旅游的感悟，可知作者关心全世界的人。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：旅行是我永远不会杀死的虫子。A. achieve实现；B. kill杀死；C. mtivate激励；D. prceed开始行动。根据上文“Travel is the bug I will never”可知，作者把旅行比喻成虫子，指永远不会放弃旅行，意为“旅行是我永远不会杀死的虫子”。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题，共55分)
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Japanese directr reveals inspiratin frm Chinese animatin
Japanese directr Makt Shinkai’s ____36____ (late) film Suxume premiered (首映) in Beijing’s Peking University n March 18, ___37___ (attract) a lt f cllege students with its heartwarming stry and wnderful visuals.
____38____ (gain) wrldwide reputatin fr his films Yur Name and Weathering with Yu, Shinkai is regarded ___39___ a master stryteller wh skillfully cmbines plts with breathtaking images.
____40____ is said that Shinkai was inspired by the destructive Thku earthquake and tsunami f 2011. Suzume tells a stry between a girl and a mysterius yung man ____41____ family duty is t prevent natural disasters. When the yung man ____42____ (transfrm) int a three-legged chair by a cat, the girl sets abut a jurney t help him recver his bdy and t prevent future disasters.
____43____ (interest), Shinkai als revealed that the ppular Chinese cartn The Legend f Hei, abut a black cat mnster, has given him the inspiratin t create the keystne, ___44___ unusual and magic bject that pssesses the pwer t clse the _____45_____ (dr) preventing disasters.
【答案】36. latest
37. attracting
38. Having gained
39. as 40. It
41. whse 42. is transfrmed
43. Interestingly
44. an 45. drs
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本动画电影导演新海诚及其新作《铃芽之旅》，以及中国动画对新海诚新电影创作的启发。
【36题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：日本导演新海诚的最新电影《铃芽之旅》于3月18日在北京大学首映，以其温馨的故事和精彩的视觉效果吸引了众多大学生。根据句意，此处应表示最新的电影，此处应为latest意为“最新的”。故填 latest。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。句中 premiered为本句谓语动词，所以此处为非谓语动词，attract与逻辑主语film之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式作状语。故填 attracting。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：新海诚因其电影《你的名字》和《天气之子》而享誉全球，他巧妙地将情节和令人惊叹的画面结合起来，被视作讲故事的大师。此句 is regarded是谓语动词，故设空处应该填非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作状语，gain是动词，意为“获得”，Shinkai和 gain之间为主谓关系，用现在分词表主动；且gain这个动作发生再谓语动词之前，所以应使用现在分词的完成式having gained，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填Having gained。
【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：同上。此处为固定搭配be regarded as，意为“被视作”符合句意，所以此处使用介词as。故填 as。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：据说，新海诚受到了2011年毁灭性的日本东北部的地震和海啸的启发。此处为“it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正主语”结构，“it is said that…”意为“据说……”，所以此处使用代词it，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填 It。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：《铃芽之旅》讲述了一个女孩和一个神秘的年轻人之间的故事，他的家族责任是防止自然灾害。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词yung man和family之间为所属关系，所以此处使用关系代词whse作定语限定修饰family。故填 whse。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：当年轻人被猫变成三条腿的椅子时，女孩开始了一段旅程，以帮助他恢复身体并防止未来的灾难。此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及主句的谓语动词sets abut可知，此处使用一般现在时，the yung man 和 transfrm之间为动宾关系，所以此处使用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数。故填is transfrmed。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：有趣的是, 新海诚还透露，一部有关黑猫妖怪的中国动画片——《罗小黑战记》，给了他创造镇石的灵感，镇石是一种不寻常的神奇物体，拥有关门以防止灾难的能力。此处为副词修饰后文整个句子，interesting的副词为interestingly意为“有趣的是”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填 Interestingly。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。此处 bject为可数名词，空前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一种不同寻常的神奇物体”为泛指意义，且unusual的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：同上。根据空前的冠词the可知，设空处应填名词；根据下文的 disasters可知，此处表示“能阻止所有灾难的门”应不止一个，所以设空处需填名词复数。故填 drs。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Paul来你校做交换生。他对于校园里学生统一穿校服的现象不理解，给你发来邮件询问此事，并咨询他是否也必须穿校服。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 说明原因；
2. 给出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Dear Paul,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs.
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Paul,
Knwing that yu are cnfused abut the phenmenn that all students n campus shuld wear unifrms, I’m writing t explain the reasns.
Frm the perspective f schl rules, we have t wear schl unifrms, which shws ur gd sense f discipline. Besides, schl unifrms are cheaper, reducing the financial burden n families. Last but nt the least, wearing schl unifrms frees us frm dressing cmparisn. We all feel equal at schl.
When in Rme, d as Rmans d. As an exchange student, yu’d better wear yur schl unifrm at schl and whatever yu like n weekends.
Yurs.
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Paul来你校做交换生。他对于校园里学生统一穿校服的现象不理解，给你发来邮件询问此事，并咨询他是否也必须穿校服。请你给他回一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
解释：explain→illustrate
减轻：reduce→relieve
困惑的：cnfused→puzzled
此外：besides→in additin
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Last but nt the least, wearing schl unifrms frees us frm dressing cmparisn. We all feel equal at schl.
拓展句：Last but nt the least, wearing schl unifrms frees us frm dressing cmparisn, which makes us all feel equal at schl.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knwing that yu are cnfused abut the phenmenn that all students n campus shuld wear unifrms, I’m writing t explain the reasns. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Frm the perspective f schl rules, we have t wear schl unifrms, which shws ur gd sense f discipline. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，’使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Birthday Surprise
I std at the kitchen windw watching Papa as he sat in the ld, wden lawn chair staring ut at the lake. Ralph, his ld black dg, lay n the grund at his side. Papa’s hand absently strked (抚摩) the head f his ld cmpanin as they dreamed the dreams f ld men and ld dgs in the evening sun. “He des this day after day?” I asked Mama.
She ndded, sadness filling her eyes. “I dn’t knw what t d fr him. There is a strng desire in his eyes that I can’t satisfy -a desire fr the past. The past can’t be brught back t the present. Once days are gne, they are gne frever,” Mama sighed.
“I’m ging dwn t talk t him,” I said.
I called ut t Papa and handed him a cup f cffee. “What are yu and Ralph thinking abut all these hurs yu spend ut here?” I asked,
“We’re nt thinking,” he said sftly. “We’re wishing.” I sat n the grass beside his chair. “Wishing fr what?” “Fr the impssible, I suppse,” he sighed. “Yu always tld me that nthing was impssible if yu wanted it badly enugh and were willing t wrk hard fr it,” I reminded him.
He laughed sftly, but there was n amusement in the sund. “But Ralph and I have cme t learn that when yu reach ur age, sme things are actually impssible.” “Maybe I can help yu. What d yu want s badly?” I asked.
Papa grinned (咧嘴大笑), and his eyes shne brightly at the thught f his dream becming a reality. “Ralph and I want t fix up the ld bat and g ut n the lake again. We used t spend all day ut n the lake, fishing, drinking beer and eating sandwiches,” Papa said.
Yes, I remember. When I was yung, Papa and Ralph ften enjyed themselves n the lake n weekends. They’d start fr hme when the sun went dwn, ttally satisfied with themselves and with life. Nw, Papa was almst eighty-five years ld and had a heart cnditin, s Mama was hrrified by the idea f him ging ut n the lake again at first. But eventually I managed t cnvince her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After Mama agreed, I persuaded my friends t jin in my secret plan.
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On the day f Papa’s birthday, we were all eager t give him a surprise.
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【答案】One pssible versin
After Mama agreed, I persuaded my friends t jin in my secret plan. I decided t fix up the ld bat. The bat didn’t fall apart, and the paint had faded and cracked. We spent several weekends repairing and painting the bat. I replaced the faded and cracked seat cushins while my friends repaired the mtr. We expected Papa t be prud f the bat a s he and Ralph went ut n the lake again. Tired as we were, we were happy t cmplete the restratin. I wuldn’t let ff the secret until Papa’s birthday.
Then came the day and we were all eager t give him a surprise. He culd hardly believe his eyes when we shwed him the new bat. Then we said “Happy birthday” t him in chrus, and he was s tuched that tears blurred his eyes. After that, we put sandwiches and dg biscuits n it while Mama als bught Papa a new hat. Sn, we all std by the lake and watched as Papa and Ralph sailed away, Papa waving and laughing. Seeing him s happy, I felt that everything I did fr him was rewarding.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者为了让父亲开心，于是和朋友一起把父亲的旧船修好，让父亲可以和朋友出海，父亲也非常感动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“妈妈同意后，我说服我的朋友们加入我的秘密计划。”可知，第一段可描写作者和朋友修理船的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“到了那天，我们都迫不及待地想给他一个惊喜”可知，第二段可描写父亲看到惊喜的反应。
2.续写线索：开始修理船——完成修复工作——给父亲惊喜——父亲感动——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看到：see/spt
②修理：repair/fix up
③完成：cmplete/finish
情绪类
①高兴：happy/glad
②值得的：rewarding/wrthy
【点睛】[高分句型1] Tired as we were, we were happy t cmplete the restratin. (运用了as引导的让步状语从句的半倒装结构)
[高分句型2] Seeing him s happy, I felt that everything I did fr him was rewarding. (运用了现在分词作状语、that引导的宾语从句以及省略关系代词that的定语从句修饰先行词everything )