河南省许昌市部分学校2024-2025学年高二上学期期中模拟测试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份河南省许昌市部分学校2024-2025学年高二上学期期中模拟测试英语试卷（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Jin a Zin Natinal Park ranger (护林人) t learn abut what makes Zin Natinal Park unique. Prgrams are free and created fr classrms and individuals. We cnnect t yur schl r hme thrugh a free web-based prgram. Yu will be prvided with a link t the vide cnference ahead f time via an email invite. Registratin is pen! Click n the prgram belw fr mre infrmatin.
Prgram 1—Chat with a Ranger
In Chat with a Ranger, students learn abut Zin Natinal Park, the park service, and the life f a ranger. Students prepare and send questins ahead f time. This prgram can be adapted t fit different curriculum bjectives, and is apprpriate fr any age grup.
Prgram 2—Pllinatin Investigatin
In this distance learning prgram, students will discver what pllinatin is and hw imprtant it is t all ecsystems. Lking at the relatinship between plants and pllinatrs, participants will see hw they have influenced each ther and will be challenged t create their wn perfect pllinatr.
Prgram 3—Wh’s in the Canyn?
Wh left these clues behind here in the high canyns f Zin Natinal Park? A feather, small bnes, and ht hting in the trees can be heard as yur classrm ges n a virtual hike f Zin t discver the Mexican sptted wl. Learn it abut hw the wl uses its special adaptatins t survive in this desert envirnment.
Prgram 4—The Frests, Wetlands, and Deserts f Zin
This distance learning prgram fcuses n the plants and animals that live in Zin’s varying ecsystems. Students will learn abut their adaptatins and relatinships t each ther in this interactive lessn with a creative and critical thinking activity.
1. Which prgram requires participants t make preparatins in advance?
A. Chat with a Ranger.B. Pllinatin Investigatin.
C. Wh’s in the Canyn?D. The Frests, Wetlands, and Deserts f Zin.
2. What can participants learn frm prgram 3?
A. Survival strategies taken by wls in the park.
B. Ways t prepare a hike tur in the park.
C. Threats brught by the desert envirnment.
D. A variety f ecsystems in Zin Natinal Park.
3. What d the listed prgrams have in cmmn?
A. They invlve interactive activities.
B. They include a virtual tur f different trails.
C. They are accessible thrugh web-based prgram.
D. They require participants t visit the park in persn.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可用于了解Zin Natinal Park的学习项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Prgram 1—Chat with a Ranger部分“Students prepare and send questins ahead f time.(学生提前准备并发送问题。)”可知, 该项目要求参与者提前准备问题，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Prgram 3—Wh’s in the Canyn?部分“Learn it abut hw the wl uses its special adaptatins t survive in this desert envirnment.(了解猫头鹰是如何用它特殊的适应能力在沙漠环境中生存的。)” 可知, 参与者在第三个项目中能了解到猫头鹰的生存策略，故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“We cnnect t yur schl r hme thrugh a free web-based prgram. Yu will be prvided with a link t the vide cnference ahead f time via an email invite.(我们通过免费的网络程序连接到您学校或者您家。您将通过电子邮件邀请提前获得视频会议的链接。)”可知, 这四个项目可从网络程序中获取。故选C。
B
On a ht June day in 2015, I retired after 34 years f teaching high schl. Then, I drve t meet my new pian teacher, Mark.
I had wrked fr mre than three decades as a busy English teacher with an endless stream f papers t mark and precius little time t experiment r learn new skills. I was determined t make up fr all I had been missing. I wanted t finally master the pian and learn hw t make music.
I tld Mark I had a specific cncrete gal: t play Clair de lune by Claude Debussy, a piece I remember hearing frm early childhd.
Determined that there wuld be a day when I wuld ttally master this piece, I set myself a deadline: I wuld perfrm befre a gathering f friends n my 60th birthday. Fr mnths I did nthing but furiusly (猛烈地) practise. When the day came, arund 30 friends and relatives crwded int my dining rm t hear me play, and aside frm a few minr slips, I managed t pull it ff withut embarrassing myself. Peple clapped warmly. I made it. I had risen t a challenge, but I still didn’t feel that I was really “making music”.
After that, my prgress was painfully slw. I had cme t hate hearing myself play music badly. I gt n pleasure frm the act f missing ntes.
I began fcusing n what few things I culd d: gardening and cycling. I came t understand that I didn’t have t be that man I’d always thught I ught t be. I culd just d what feels gd. S, after nearly five years f lessns, I quit.
I still lve music; I regularly g ut t cncerts. But nw my pian des nthing mre than sit silently in my dining rm, displaying family phts and cllecting dust. And I’m perfectly happy with that.
4. Why did the authr learn the pian after retiring frm teaching?
A. T impress his friends and relatives.B. T avid the bredm f retirement.
C. T start a new career as a cncert pianist.D. T pursue a lng-time passin fr music.
5. What can be inferred frm paragraph 4?
A. The authr attended a cncert f pian music.
B. The authr perfrmed successfully despite a few errrs.
C. The authr felt embarrassed abut his pian perfrmance.
D. The authr quit his pian immediately after his 60th birthday.
6. What des the authr d with his pian nw?
A. He uses it fr music lessns.
B. He uses it fr perfrmance.
C. He uses it fr smething unrelated t music.
D. He plays it fr persnal enjyment ccasinally.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr?
A. Inner- directed and hardwrking.B. Cnventinal and careless.
C. Ambitius and kind-hearted.D. Lazy and pessimistic.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从最初对钢琴技艺的执着追求，到随后的放下，最终在园艺和骑行中获得满足的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I was determined t make up fr all I had been missing. I wanted t finally master the pian and learn hw t make music.(我决心弥补我所失去的一切。我想最终掌握钢琴，学习如何制作音乐)”可知，作者在退休后学习钢琴是为了追求对音乐的长期热爱。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Determined that there wuld be a day when I wuld ttally master this piece, I set myself a deadline: I wuld perfrm befre a gathering f friends n my 60th birthday. Fr mnths I did nthing but furiusly (猛烈地) practise. When the day came, arund 30 friends and relatives crwded int my dining rm t hear me play, and aside frm a few minr slips, I managed t pull it ff withut embarrassing myself. Peple clapped warmly. I made it. I had risen t a challenge, but I still didn’t feel that I was really “making music”.(我下定决心，总有一天我能完全掌握这首曲子，于是给自己定了一个最后期限：在我60岁生日那天，我要在一群朋友的聚会上表演。几个月来，我除了拼命练习什么也没做。那天，大约有30个亲戚朋友挤在我的餐厅里听我演奏，除了一些小失误外，我设法做到了，没有让自己尴尬。人们热烈鼓掌。我做到了。我已经接受了挑战，但我仍然不觉得我真的在“做音乐”)”可知，尽管有一些小的失误，作者仍出色地完成了表演。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But nw my pian des nthing mre than sit silently in my dining rm, displaying family phts and cllecting dust.(但现在，我的钢琴除了静静地坐在我的餐厅里，展示家庭照片和收集灰尘之外，什么也不做)”可知，作者的钢琴现在被放在餐厅里，积满了灰尘。即作者用钢琴做了一些与音乐无关的事情。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“I was determined t make up fr all I had been missing. I wanted t finally master the pian and learn hw t make music.(我决心弥补我所失去的一切。我想最终掌握钢琴，学习如何制作音乐)”以及第四段“Fr mnths I did nthing but furiusly (猛烈地) practise.(几个月来，我除了拼命练习什么也没做)”可知，作者是一个有决心且努力奋进的人。故选A。
C
When it cmes t diatms (硅藻类) that live in the cean, new research suggests that phtsynthesis (光合作用) is nt the nly strategy fr accumulating carbn. Instead, these single-celled are als building bimass by feeding directly n rganic carbn in the cean.
These new findings culd lead researchers t reduce their estimate f hw much carbn dixide diatms pull ut f the air via phtsynthesis, which in turn, culd take a much clser lk at the understanding f the glbal carbn cycle, which is especially relevant given the changing climate. The new findings were published in Science Advances n July 17, 2024.
The team shwed that the diatm Cylindrtheca clsterium, which is fund in ceans arund the wrld, regularly perfrms a mix f bth phtsynthesis and direct eating f carbn frm rganic surces such as planktn (浮游生物) . In mre than 70% f the water samples the researchers analyzed frm ceans arund the wrld, the team fund signs f simultaneus phtsynthesis and direct rganic carbn cnsumptin frm Cylindrtheca clsterium. The team als shwed that this diatm species can grw much faster when cnsuming rganic carbn in additin t phtsynthesis. Furthermre, the new research hinted at the pssibility that specific species f bacteria are feeding rganic carbn directly t a large percentage f these diatms living all acrss the glbal cean. This wrk is based n a genme-scale metablic mdeling apprach that the team used t reveal the metablism f the diatm Cylindrtheca clsterium.
The team’s new metablic mdeling data supprt recent lab experiments suggesting that sme diatms may rely n strategies ther than phtsynthesis t intake the carbn they need t survive, thrive and build bimass.
The UC San Dieg led team is in the prcess f expanding the scpe f the prject t determine hw widespread this nn-phtsynthetic activity is amng ther diatm species.
8. What’s new accrding t the research?
A. The way f the diatm’s carbn accumulatin.
B. The impact f climate n diverse sea plants.
C. The prcedure f explring carbn.
D. The system f building bimass.
9. What d the new findings make researchers mre fcus n?
A. The causes f climate change.
B. The grasp f the carbn cycle.
C. The bad effect f phtsynthesis n diatms.
D. A rugh estimate f the amunt f carbn dixide.
10. What d we knw frm paragraph 3?
A. A large number f diatms may feed n bacteria.
B. The diatm lives n planktn.
C. Water samples are key factrs fr the research.
D. Diatm species grw faster with sufficient sunlight.
11. Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. Phtsynthesis in DiatmsB. Planktn’s Rle in Oceans
C. New Carbn Strategies in DiatmsD. Advances in Mdeling Data
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个新的研究发现——海洋硅藻不仅通过光合作用积累碳，还通过直接摄取海水中的有机碳来构建生物量。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“When it cmes t diatms (硅藻类) that live in the cean, new research suggests that phtsynthesis (光合作用) is nt the nly strategy fr accumulating carbn. Instead, these single-celled are als building bimass by feeding directly n rganic carbn in the cean.( 当谈到生活在海洋中的硅藻时，新的研究表明光合作用并不是积累碳的唯一策略。相反，这些单细胞生物也通过直接以海洋中的有机碳为食来产生生物量。)”可知，新研究发现海洋硅藻不仅通过光合作用积累碳，还通过直接摄取海水中的有机碳来构建生物量。这说明硅藻积累碳的方式是新的发现。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“These new findings culd lead researchers t reduce their estimate f hw much carbn dixide diatms pull ut f the air via phtsynthesis, which in turn, culd take a much clser lk at the understanding f the glbal carbn cycle, which is especially relevant given the changing climate. (这些新发现可能会导致研究人员减少他们对硅藻通过光合作用从空气中吸收多少二氧化碳的估计，这反过来又可以更深入地了解全球碳循环，这与气候变化尤其相关。)”可知，这些新发现可能会导致研究人员减少他们对硅藻通过光合作用从空气中吸收二氧化碳量的估计，转而更加关注全球碳循环的理解。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Furthermre, the new research hinted at the pssibility that specific species f bacteria are feeding rganic carbn directly t a large percentage f these diatms living all acrss the glbal cean.(此外，这项新的研究暗示了一种可能性，即特定种类的细菌直接为生活在全球海洋中的大部分硅藻提供有机碳)”可知，大量的硅藻可能以细菌为食。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“When it cmes t diatms (硅藻类) that live in the cean, new research suggests that phtsynthesis (光合作用) is nt the nly strategy fr accumulating carbn. Instead, these single-celled are als building bimass by feeding directly n rganic carbn in the cean.( 当谈到生活在海洋中的硅藻时，新的研究表明光合作用并不是积累碳的唯一策略。相反，这些单细胞生物也通过直接以海洋中的有机碳为食来产生生物量。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了硅藻在积累碳方面新的发现，即硅藻不仅通过光合作用积累碳，还通过直接摄取海水中的有机碳来构建生物量。这是硅藻在碳积累方面的新策略，因此最适合的标题是C选项“New Carbn Strategies in Diatms(硅藻中的新碳策略)”。故选C。
D
Accrding t a reprt in 2023, the Wrld Health Organizatin (WHO) recmmended that nn-sugar sweeteners nt be used as a means f achieving weight cntrl r reducing the risk f diseases. The guideline came as a surprise. After all, the very purpse f nn-sugar sweeteners-which cntain little t n calries—is t help cnsumers cntrl their weight and reduce their risk f disease by replacing sugar.
In its reprt, the WHO cited evidence that lng-term use f nn-sugar sweeteners is assciated with an increased risk f diabetes (糖尿病) and death. Hw is it that nn-sugar sweeteners are linked t the negative health effects they’re suppsed t fend ff?
The WHO made its recmmendatin after reviewing hundreds f published studies. The prblem is that the verwhelming majrity f these studies are bservatinal. In such studies, subjects tend t self-reprt their fd intake, which might nt guarantee inaccuracy. Mre imprtantly, bservatinal studies cannt determine cause and effect. Are nn-sugar sweeteners causing diabetes, r are peple at risk f diabetes simply mre likely t cnsume them? Lastly, there are numerus variables that researchers can’t pssibly cntrl fr in these studies that culd influence the results.
Randmized cntrlled trials (RCTs) tell a different stry abut nn-sugar sweeteners. These studies cntrl fr variables by randmly assigning peple t either a treatment r cntrl grup, and they can determine cause and effect. They shw that sweeteners mdestly benefit weight lss and help cntrl bld sugar, withut the negative effects seen in bservatinal research. The dwnside f RCTs is that they are shrter in duratin, ften lasting just a few mnths. S negative effects culd appear after lnger use and we wuldn’t be able t tell frm these RCTs.
But we als can’t tell frm bservatinal studies, which nly measure crrelatin and nt causality (因果关系) . Changing the current situatin might be hard, thugh. RCTs are expensive and require recruiting participants, setting up diet plans, and regularly measuring subjects’ health utcmes.
Fr change t happen, it might need t start at the tp, where science is funded Gvernment agencies, which apprpriate billins fr research, shuld start priritizing RCTs.
12. What d the underlined phrase “fend ff” prbably mean in paragraph 2?
A. Put ut.B. Defend against.C. Keep up.D. Cunt n.
13. What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. The WHO’s suggestins n bservatinal studies.
B. The strategies t decide cause and effect in cnducting studies.
C. The significance f cntrlling variables in bservatinal studies.
D. The limitatins f the bservatinal studies in the WHO reprt.
14. What is a feature f RCTs accrding t the text?
A. They cst little.
B. They tend t last lng.
C. They can cntrl variables and determine causality.
D. They require participants t self-reprt related data.
15. Hw shuld the gvernment help RCTs?
A. By making apprpriate plans.
B. By prviding financial supprt.
C. By raising peple’s awareness f health.
D. By funding mre related gvernment agencies.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B
【语篇解读】本文的体裁是一篇说明文。它主要解释了世界卫生组织（WHO）关于非糖甜味剂使用的推荐，并详细分析了支持这一推荐的研究证据和现有研究的局限性。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“In its reprt, the WHO cited evidence that lng-term use f nn-sugar sweeteners is assciated with an increased risk f diabetes (糖尿病) and death. Hw is it that nn-sugar sweeteners are linked t the negative health effects they’re suppsed t fend ff? (在报告中，世界卫生组织引用了长期使用非糖甜味剂与糖尿病和死亡风险增加有关的证据。非糖甜味剂是如何与它们本应fend ff的负面健康影响联系在一起的？)”可知，非糖甜味剂与糖尿病和增加死亡风险有关，即它们本应“防御”的负面健康影响有关，这里的fend ff应理解为“防御，抵挡”或“对抗”。A. Put ut扑灭；B. Defend against防御，抵抗；C. Keep up跟上，赶上；D. Cunt n指望，依靠。故选B。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The WHO made its recmmendatin after reviewing hundreds f published studies. The prblem is that the verwhelming majrity f these studies are bservatinal. In such studies, subjects tend t self-reprt their fd intake, which might nt guarantee inaccuracy. Mre imprtantly, bservatinal studies cannt determine cause and effect. Are nn-sugar sweeteners causing diabetes, r are peple at risk f diabetes simply mre likely t cnsume them? Lastly, there are numerus variables that researchers can’t pssibly cntrl fr in these studies that culd influence the results. (世卫组织在审查了数百项已发表的研究后提出了这一建议。问题是这些研究绝大多数是观察性的。在这样的研究中，受试者倾向于自我报告他们的食物摄入量，这可能不能保证不准确。更重要的是，观察性研究不能确定因果关系。是无糖甜味剂导致糖尿病，还是有患糖尿病风险的人更容易食用它们？最后，在这些研究中，有许多研究人员无法控制的变量可能会影响结果。)”可知，这一段主要讲述了WHO报告中观察性研究的局限性，包括自报告数据不准确的问题和无法确定因果关系的问题，故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“These studies cntrl fr variables by randmly assigning peple t either a treatment r cntrl grup, and they can determine cause and effect (这些研究通过将人们随机分配到治疗组或对照组来控制变量，他们可以确定因果关系。他们表明，甜味剂对减肥有一定的好处，有助于控制血糖，没有观察性研究中看到的负面影响。随机对照试验的缺点是持续时间较短，通常只持续几个月。)”可知，RCTs能够控制变量并确定因果关系，故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Fr change t happen, it might need t start at the tp, where science is funded Gvernment agencies, which apprpriate billins fr research, shuld start priritizing RCTs. (要想发生改变，可能需要从最高层开始，那里的科学是由政府机构资助的，它们为研究拨款数十亿美元，应该开始优先考虑RCTs。)”可知，政府应该通过提供财政支持来帮助RCTs，故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
T make science’s stries mre cncrete and engaging, it’s imprtant t use sme effective strategies. Here are fur f them.
Put peple in the stry
Science’s stries ften lack human characters. ___16___. Characters can be als peple affected by a scientific tpic, r interested in learning mre abut it. Besides, they can be strytellers wh are sharing their persnal experiences.
___17___
Peple ften think f science as bjective and fair. But science is actually a human practice that cntinuusly invlves chices, missteps and biases (偏见) . If yu explain science as a curse, yu can walk peple thrugh the sequence f hw science is dne and why researchers reach certain cnclusins. ___18___. And they can als stress the reasn why peple shuld trust the curse f science t prvide the mst accurate cnclusins pssible given the available infrmatin.
Include what peple care abut
Scientific tpics are imprtant, but they may nt always be the public’s mst pressing cncerns. In April 2024, a plling cmpany fund that “the quality f the envirnment” was ne f the lwest-ranked pririties amng peple in the US. The stries abut the envirnment culd weave in cnnectins t higher-pririty tpics. ___19___.
Tell science’s stries
Scientists, f curse, can be science cmmunicatrs, but everyne can tell science’s stries. When we share infrmatin nline abut health, r talk t friends and family abut the weather, we cntribute t infrmatin that circulates abut science tpics. ___20___. Think abut all f a stry’s characteristics — character, actin, sequence, scpe, stryteller and cntent - and hw yu might incrprate them int the tpic.
A. Explain science as a prcess
B. Sht attractive shrt science vides
C. Scientists themselves can actually becme ideal nes
D. This practice is t stress why the cntent is imprtant
E. Yu can tell grwth stries f remarkable teenage scientists
F. Science cmmunicatrs can emphasize hw science is cnducted
G. Yu may as well brrw features frm stries t strengthen yur message
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. G
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种使科学故事更具体且引人入胜的策略。
【16题详解】
上文“Science’s stries ften lack human characters. (科学的故事往往缺乏人物角色。)”说明科学的故事缺乏人物角色。空处顺接上文，应介绍科学故事中的人物可以是谁。C项中的ideal nes指代前文中的human characters，说明C项“科学家本身可以成为理想的人物角色”，符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
下文“Peple ften think f science as bjective and fair. But science is actually a human practice that cntinuusly invlves chices, missteps and biases (偏见) . If yu explain science as a curse, yu can walk peple thrugh the sequence f hw science is dne and why researchers reach certain cnclusins. (人们通常认为科学是客观和公正的。但实际上，科学是一种不断涉及选择、失误和偏见的人类活动。如果你把科学解释为一个过程，你可以带领人们了解科学研究的步骤以及研究人员为何会得出特定的结论。)”说明本段主要介绍了如果把科学解释成一个过程，你可以带领人们了解科学是如何进行的。A项“将科学解释为一个过程。”适合作本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选A。
【18题详解】
下文“And they can als stress the reasn why peple shuld trust the curse f science t prvide the mst accurate cnclusins pssible given the available infrmatin. (他们还可以强调为什么人们应该信任科学的过程，因为这一过程能够在现有信息的基础上提供尽可能准确的结论。)”说明科学传播者可以让人们信任科学的过程。空处和下文并列说出科学传播者的作用。下文中的they指代F项中的Science cmmunicatrs，说明科学传播者可以强调科学是如何进行的，也可以强调为什么人们应该信任科学的过程。所以F项“科学传播者可以强调科学是如何进行的”符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
上文“The stries abut the envirnment culd weave in cnnectins t higher-pririty tpics. (关于环境的故事可能会与更高优先级的话题交织在一起。)”说明关于环境的故事可以与更高优先级的主题联系起来。空处指出这样的目的。D项中的“This practice”指代前文中的“将环境故事与更高优先级主题联系起来”这一做法，说明D项“这样做是为了强调内容的重要性。”符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
上文“Scientists, f curse, can be science cmmunicatrs, but everyne can tell science’s stries. When we share infrmatin nline abut health, r talk t friends and family abut the weather, we cntribute t infrmatin that circulates abut science tpics. (当然，科学家可以成为科学传播者，但每个人都可以讲述科学的故事。当我们在网上分享有关健康的信息，或与朋友和家人谈论天气时，我们为传播有关科学主题的信息做出了贡献。)”说明我们每个人通过分享日常生活中的信息，都可以成为科学传播者。空处顺接前文，引出下文，指出如何做来强化信息的传递。G项中的“brrw features frm stries”和下文中的“a stry’s characteristics - character, actin, sequence, scpe, stryteller and cntent”相呼应，所以G项“你也不妨借用故事的特点来加强你的信息”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2018, Mlly Baker unfrtunately lst her husband in a severe skiing accident. She was ___21___ . In the first several weeks after his passing, her friends and family ___22___ a great deal f supprt. But after a while, the cards and meals started t ___23___ . “Peple had t get back t their nrmal ___24___ . And s things kind f drpped ff,” Baker recalled.
That was when ne f Baker’s friends, Carla Vail, thught up a way t ___25___ the help fr an entire year. She called it the “Calendar Girls”. Vail gathered the names f 31 f Baker’s friends wh wanted t help, and ___26___ each friend a particular day. Vail als gave Baker the names n the ___27___ , s Baker culd knw what t ___28___ each day.
“And what that lked like fr them was that n that day, they wuld reach ut t me in sme ___29___ ways—maybe via text, r a card,” Baker said.
Lking back, Baker feels that Vail’s ____30____ was essential t helping her cpe with her husband’s death, because she was ____31____ at that time.
“A lt f peple are really uncmfrtable arund ____32____ ,” Baker said. “S what they d is, instead f ding smething, that they ____33____ d nthing. It was nice t have that ‘Calendar Girls’ setup.”
Tday, Baker tries t d smething similar fr her friends ging thrugh ____34____ . In hard times, she knws hw ____35____ it is t have smething t lk frward t every day.
21. A. cautiusB. uncnsciusC. desperateD. impassive
22. A. extendedB. demandedC. annuncedD. assumed
23. A. pass dwnB. shw upC. break upD. slw dwn
24. A. exerciseB. rutineC. dietD. grwth
25. A. resistB. cntinueC. explainD. test
26. A. rderedB. sentC. wedD. assigned
27. A. furnitureB. fileC. calendarD. Internet
28. A. expectB. absrbC. prpseD. define
29. A. rareB. strangeC. specificD. generus
30. A. curisityB. thughtfulnessC. ambitinD. tughness
31. A. inncentB. ptimisticC. tlerantD. lnely
32. A. panicB. evidenceC. failureD. grief
33. A. simplyB. hardlyC. skillfullyD. secretly
34. A. distractinB. addictinC. lssD. annyance
35. A. amusingB. valuableC. astnishingD. universal
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了2018年3月，Mlly Baker在一次滑雪事故中失去了丈夫，为了继续帮助她，Baker的朋友Carla Vail想出了一个办法，帮她度过了艰难的一年。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mlly Baker在2018年因为一场严重的滑雪事故不幸失去了她的丈夫。她当时很绝望。A. cautius谨慎的；B. uncnscius无意识的；C. desperate绝望的；D. impassive冷漠的。根据上文“Mlly Baker unfrtunately lst her husband in a severe skiing accident.”可知，Mlly Baker失去了她的丈夫，因此一定非常绝望。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他去世后的头几周，她的朋友和家人给予了她很大的支持。A. extended延伸，提供，表示；B. demanded要求；C. annunced宣布；D. assumed认为。根据前文“Mlly Baker unfrtunately lst her husband in a severe skiing accident.”可知，Mlly Baker失去了她的丈夫，因此家人和朋友提供了很大的支持。extend supprt意为“提供帮助”。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但过了一段时间，卡片和饭菜开始减少了。A. pass dwn传下来；B. shw up出现；C. break up分手；D. slw dwn减速，减少。根据下文“Peple had t get back t their nrmal ______ .”可知，人们要回归正常生活，所以给Mlly Baker的帮助就减少了。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们必须回归他们正常的日常生活。A. exercise练习；B. rutine常规；C. diet饮食；D. grwth生长。根据上文“But after a while, the cards and meals started t ______ .”可知，过了一段时间，卡片和饭菜开始减少了，是因为人们要回归他们正常的日常生活。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，Baker的一位朋友Carla Vail想出了一个办法，让这种帮助持续整整一年。A. resist抵抗；B. cntinue继续；C. explain解释；D. test测试。根据下文“She called it the “Calendar Girls”.”可知，Carla Vail想出了一个办法，让这种帮助持续整整一年，并称之为“日历女孩”。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Vail收集了31个想要帮忙的Baker的朋友的名字，并给每个朋友分配了一个特定的日期。A. rdered命令；B. sent发送；C. wed欠（债等）；D. assigned分配。根据下文“each friend a particular day”可知，Vail给每个朋友分配了一个特定的日期。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Vail还把名字写在日历上，这样Baker就可以知道每天该期待什么了。A. furniture家具；B. file文件；C. calendar日历；D. Internet因特网。根据上文“She called it the “Calendar Girls”.”以及下文“s Baker culd knw what t ______ each day.”可知，Vail称之为“日历女孩”，故指还把名字写在日历上。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. expect期望；B. absrb吸收；C. prpse建议；D. define定义。根据下文“And what that lked like fr them was that n that day, they wuld reach ut t me in sme ______ ways—maybe via text, r a card,”可知，Mlly Baker可以在那一天以特定的方式收到卡片或者短信，因此Mlly Baker可以根据日历知道每天该期待什么。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“对他们来说，那一天的样子就是他们会以某种特定的方式联系我——也许是通过短信或贺卡，”Baker说。A. rare稀有的；B. strange奇怪的；C. specific特定的；D. generus慷慨的。根据下文的解释“—maybe via text, r a card”可知， Mlly Baker的朋友们会以特定的方式联系她，比如发短信或者寄贺卡。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，Baker觉得Vail的体贴对她应对丈夫的去世至关重要，因为那时她很孤独。A. curisity好奇心；B. thughtfulness体贴；C. ambitin雄心；D. tughness坚韧。根据上文“That was when ne f Baker’s friends, Carla Vail, thught up a way t ______ the help fr an entire year.”可知，Carla Vail想出了一个办法，让这种帮助持续整整一年，所以Baker觉得Vail的体贴对她应对丈夫的去世至关重要。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. inncent无辜的；B. ptimistic乐观的；C. tlerant宽容的；D. lnely孤独的。根据上文“Peple had t get back t their nrmal ______ . And s things kind f drpped ff”可知，当Mlly Baker的朋友都回归自己的生活时，她很孤独。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“很多人在悲伤面前真的很不舒服，”Baker说。A. panic恐慌；B. evidence证据；C. failure失败；D. grief悲伤。根据上文“Lking back, Baker feels that Vail’s ______ was essential t helping her cpe with her husband’s death”可知，Mlly Baker失去了她的丈夫，所以她的朋友们面对的是她的悲伤。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“所以他们所做的就是什么都不做。拥有’日历女孩’这个设置很好。”A. simply简单地；B. hardly几乎不；C. skillfully熟练地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“S what they d is, instead f ding smething,”可知，很多人在悲伤面前真的很不舒服，所以他们只是什么都不做。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，Baker试图为她那些经历失去的朋友做一些类似的事情。A. distractin分心；B. addictin上瘾；C. lss损失；D. annyance烦恼。根据空前“Tday, Baker tries t d smething similar fr her friends ging thrugh”可知，Mlly Baker现在会做类似的事来帮助那些与她同样经历失去的朋友。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在艰难的时刻，她知道每天都能有事情可期待是多么有价值。A. amusing有趣的；B. valuable有价值的；C. astnishing令人惊讶的；D. universal普遍的。根据下文“have smething t lk frward t every day.”可知，在艰难的时刻，每天都能有事情可期待是有价值的。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the Internatinal Cnference n Fd Lss and Waste clsed n Saturday in Jinan, Shandng Prvince, the cuntry has sent a signal t ____36____ wrld that China will deal with issues cncerning fd security by reducing lss and waste in agriculture. With the theme f reducing fd lss and fd waste and prmting ____37____ (glbe) fd security, the three-day event ____38____ (hld) bth nline and ffline attracted mre than 300 participants.
The current wrld grain prductin is abut 2.8 billin tns a year. Therefre, the lss f nly ne percentage ____39____ (be) equal t the lss f 28 millin tns f fd. This can feed abut 70 millin peple.
In recent years, China ____40____ (make) great prgress in cntrlling lss and waste in fd, with main effrts including upgrading facilities and ____41____ (equip). In Shandng Prvince, China’s majr grain prducer, the Singrain (中粮集团) grain strage site is equipped with 4,500 high-definitin cameras and 280,000 temperature sensrs ____42____ (ensure) that the stck (储备) is in the best cnditin. Data shws that during China’s 13th Five-Year Plan perid (2016-2020) , abut 13 millin tns f fd had been saved ____43____ (year) after prductin.
We cannt end hunger ____44____ we d nt deal with the high levels f fd lss and waste. Cperatin and innvatins (创新) in business mdels, technlgies and digital slutins culd all cntribute ____45____ reducing fd lss and waste.
【答案】36. the 37. glbal 38. held 39. is 40. has made 41. equipment 42. t ensure 43. yearly 44. if/when 45. t
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在中国召开的国际粮食减损大会的主要内容。分析了目前粮食浪费的现状，以及中国为此作出的努力，呼吁反对浪费。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随着国际粮食损失和浪费会议于周六在山东省济南市闭幕，中国向世界发出了一个信号，即中国将通过减少农业损失和浪费来解决粮食安全问题。根据句意可知，此处wrld是特殊名词，因为只有一个世界，所以必须加the。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：以减少粮食损失和粮食浪费、促进全球粮食安全为主题，为期三天的线上和线下活动吸引了300多名参与者。设空处缺少形容词修饰名词短语fd security，故填glbal。
【38题详解】
考查过去时。句意：以减少粮食损失和粮食浪费、促进全球粮食安全为主题，为期三天的线上和线下活动吸引了300多名参与者。粮食减损大会已经闭幕，文中描述的是发生在过去的事情，因此使用一般过去时。故填held。
【39题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：因此，只要损失一个百分比，就等于损失2 800万吨粮食。本句的主语是the lss f nly ne percentage，因此谓语动词用单数。故填is。
【40题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意：近年来，中国在控制粮食损失和浪费方面取得了很大进展，主要努力包括升级设施和设备。现在完成时的时间标志词In recent years,，并且根据句意可知make prgress发生在过去并且对现在有影响，因此使用现在完成时，故填has made。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：近年来，中国在控制粮食损失和浪费方面取得了很大进展，主要努力包括升级设施和设备。and连接的两个并列成分，facilities是名词，因此设空处应填不可数名词equipment。故填equipment。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：在中国主要粮食生产省份山东省，Singrain粮仓配备了4500个高清摄像头和28万个温度传感器，以确保库存处于最佳状态。设空处为动词不定式作目的状语，故填t ensure。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：数据显示，在中国“十三五”期间(2016-2020年)，每年节约粮食约1300万吨。分析句子结构可知，副词yearly修饰动词save。故填yearly。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：如果我们不解决严重的粮食损失和浪费问题，我们就无法消除饥饿。分析句子结构可知，设空处前后皆为完整的句子，因此此处应填连词，根据句意可知，从句为条件状语从句，故填if/when。
【45题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：商业模式、技术和数字解决方案方面的合作与创新都可以有助于减少粮食损失和浪费。cntribute t为固定搭配，意为“贡献”，t为介词，故填t。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，暑假期间观看了巴黎奥运会的大众组业余选手马拉松赛，你萌生了晨跑锻炼的想法。请给你校酷爱跑步的外教Mr. Brwn写一封邮件，邀请他一起晨跑，内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 告知安排（晨跑的时间、地点）；
3. 期待回复。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：大众组马拉松赛 Mass Participatin Marathn
Dear Mr. Brwn,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Mr. Brwn,
I hpe this email finds yu well. During the summer break, I watched the Mass Participatin Marathn at the Paris Olympics, which inspired me t start mrning runs fr fitness. Knwing yur passin fr running, I thught it wuld be great if we culd run tgether. We culd meet at the schl track at 6:30 am every weekday. It’s a beautiful spt t start the day with sme exercise and fresh air.
Lking frward t yur reply and the pssibility f running alngside yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was last August. We were n vacatin, just me, my husband, and ur tw kids, ut fr a nice, safe, scially distanced week away. We went t a ppular place called Diana’s Baths, where the water falls ff a series f flat rcks up the muntain. The baths were full f families, s we made ur way t ne f the upper levels f rck t keep ur distance.
Bth where we sat and dwn belw, the water fell dwn and int small pls, where kids in swimsuits were playing water arund. I was frightened as I saw my tw bys jump between the smth rcks. I tld them t stay away frm all thse edges. But I sn relaxed, and we were all having fun, laughing in the pls.
Suddenly, I turned and saw my sn Wyatt sitting dwn between tw rcks in fast-mving water. I shuted at him t get ut. He called back smething that I culdn’t hear, and then he disappeared ver the edge. All I remember frm the mments after was screaming, ver and ver, like a prayer, “Smebdy help my sn!” I didn’t even knw what help he needed, because I culdn’t frce myself t lk.
My husband was already jumping dwn the rcks. I finally lked. Wyatt was sitting up-he was alive. My biggest fear was gne. As I held my yunger sn, Jed, clse, I heard anther wman scream. “That child just went ver the waterfall!” she shuted at her husband. “We are leaving!” They walked away, never even lking back t see whether ur child was OK.
It was abut 4 meters frm the tp f the waterfall t the pl belw, which was filled with huge rcks. Wyatt had fallen n his back, straight nt the rcks. That’s what Lisa tld us. We didn’t knw her name was Lisa at that pint. All we knew was that while everyne else lked n frm a distance, t afraid r unbthered t help, Lisa didn’t hesitate.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Later, Lisa tld me that she was a nurse.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The rescue team finally came.
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【参考范文】
Later, Lisa tld me that she was a nurse. In fact, by the time I climbed dwn the rcks and my husband pulled Wyatt ut f the water, she had already called 911. She put a red, white, and blue twel under Wyatt’s head. She tld us t keep him still and n his back in case he had injured his bnes. I finally had time t ask her name. “Lisa,” she said. “And I’m nt leaving yu.”
The rescue team finally came. They tk Wyatt ut f the park t the nearest hspital. Wyatt had three brken bnes and a wund in lung—injuries that sund terrible but recver n their wn. As sn as I knew that Wyatt was ging t be OK, my thughts fell t Lisa. If she had nt stepped up, wuld smene else have dne s? Perhaps. But it was her. She was the ne wh went tward the unthinkable instead f turning away.