教案：Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. 人教版英语八年级下册

这是一份教案：Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. 人教版英语八年级下册，共33页。
教案：Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. 教学目标与要求话题：居住的环境（Living environment）功能：能谈论你拥有的物品和周围的事物（Talk about possessions and things around you）Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years.I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months.I’ve had them since I was a child.He’s owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday.The concert hall has been around for at least 20 years.语法：能正确使用现在完成时询问并表达持续性动作或状态（Present perfect tense with since and for ）A: How long have you had that bike over there?B: I’ve had it for three years.A: How long has his son owned the train and railway set?B: He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.词汇和常用表达：1. 能正确使用以下词汇：yard, memory, cent, toy, bear, maker, scarf, board, bedroom, railway, while, hometown, crayon, shame, century, childhood, check, clear, own, part, search, regard, count, consider, hold, sweet, soft, junior, certain, honest, truthful, nowadays, especially, among, opposite2. 能正确使用以下常用表达：yard sale, bread maker, soft toy, check out, board game, junior high school, clear out, no longer, part with, as for, to be honest, close to, according to学习策略：1. 能根据已有的背景知识对将要阅读的内容进行预测2. 能在阅读中借助上下文语境和构词法猜测词汇的含义文化知识：1. 国外的庭院售卖、慈善捐赠活动2. 我国乡村生活的变迁Section A1 (1a-2d)Teaching objectives1. To learn to talk about possessions and things around you by using present perfect tense with “for” and “since”.2. To listen for specific information.3. To learn new words: yard, sweet, memory, cent, toy, bear, maker, scarf, soft, check, board, …Teaching procedure:Step 1 Warming up and presentation1. Warming up: 1) Yard sale 庭院旧货出售 这是国外的一种风俗, 也是一种独特的售货方式。人们利用周末, 将家中搁置不用的物件, 放在自家庭院中廉价出售, 因而被称作yard sale。 庭院售卖的物品种类繁多, 大到家具, 电器, 小到玩具, 衣物和鞋帽。这些物品虽多数为二手家什, 但也有全新的物品, 且价格合理公道, 还可讨价还价。yard sale广受欢迎, 逐渐演变成一种独特的文化现象。2) What can you see in the picture?The girl is carrying a backpack on her back and asking about the red bicycle.The boy is having a yard sale. He is standing behind a table in the yard in front of his house. The table is covered with things his family is selling: old clothes, toys, cups and glasses, plates and bowls, books, a vase and a lamp… 3) People sell old things that they no longer want, on the grass in front of their house — their yard. 4) A yard sale is also known as a garage sale, porch sale etc. 2. New words：sweet, memory cent, maker, soft, check, check out, board, yard sale, toy bear, bread maker, scarf, soft toys, board gamesStep 2 Pair workWork on 1a. Show the things at the yard sale. Let the students talk about them in pairs by using the important sentences. --How long have you had that bike over there? --I’ve had it for three years! I learned how to ride a bike on it. Step 3 Listening 1. 1b Listen and check (√) the facts you hear._____ Jeff’s family is having a yard sale._____ Amy thinks it’s hard to sell her old things._____ Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years._____ Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories._____ You can also give old things away to people in need.2. Listen again and fill in the blanks.Amy: You have some great things in this _________, Jeff.Jeff：Thanks, Amy. Our family has _________ so many things over the years, but we don’t use them anymore.Amy: But isn’t it hard to sell some of your things? There are many things I’ve had ________________. I don’t think I could sell them.Jeff：Yes, it’s hard to ___________ to certain things.Amy: By the way, how long have you had that bike over there?Jeff：I’ve had it _____________! I learned how to ride a bike on it.Amy: Old things really bring back sweet _________. But it’s true that we may never use some of these things again.Jeff：Yes, like ________________ you’ve already read. You can sell those, or you can also ______________ to kids or people who need them.Amy: Oh! __________ is this book?Jeff：You can have it for 75 cents.3. Tipsin need 需要; 在困难中； 可作后置定语或表语, 其中need为不可数名词。e.g. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。【拓展】 be in need of 需要…… e.g. I'll come when you are in need of help. 在你需要帮助的时候我会来的。Step 4 Work on 1cPractice the conversation. Then make conversations about other things in the picture above.A: This is a really old book.B: Yes, I’ve had it for seven years. I’ve read it three times.A: Why are you selling it?B: Because I don’t read it anymore.A: How much is it?B: You can have it for 75 cents.Tips:anymore也可写作any more, 常用于否定句末尾, 表示“再也(不); (不)再”。相当于not … any longer。e.g. You can have it, for I don’t need it anymore.你可以把它拿走, 因为我不在需要它了。 The doctor told me not to play computer games anymore. 大夫叫我别再玩电脑游戏了。Step 5 Listening (2a, 2b) Work on 2a. Listen and check (√) the things Amy’s family are giving away and circle the things they are keeping.book magazine toy bear toy lion toy tiger bread maker sweater dress hat scarf Keys: giving away: magazine, toy lion, toy tiger, bread maker, sweater, dress Keeping: book, toy bear, hat, scarfWork on 2b. Listen again and fill in the blanks.1. Amy has had her favorite ______ for three years.2. Amy has had the toy _____ since she was a ______.3. Amy’s mom has had the old bread maker for more than _____ years. 4. Amy can give away the _______ and ______ because they do not fit her anymore.Keys: book, bear, baby, 10, sweater, dressMore practice. Listen again and choose the correct answers.1. Amy wants to give away the _____. A. book B. magazine C. bear 2. Why does the bear have special meaning to Amy? A. Because her father give it to her. B. Because her Grandpa give it to her. C. Because her Grandma give it to her.3. Where can Amy take these things to? A. the children’s home B. the old people’s home C. the teachers’ home Keys: BCAStep 6 Pair work Work on 2c. Student A is Amy’s mom. Student B is Amy. Make new conversations. A: Amy, can we give away these soft toys?B: Mom, I want to keep the bear.A: Why? It’s so old.B: Because I’ve had it since I was a baby.Step 7 Work on 2d 1. Role play the conversations in pairs.2. Discussion.If you are going to have a yard sale, what will you sell?Summaryyard sale  庭院拍卖会 bring back sweet memories 唤起甜蜜的回忆give away 赠送；捐赠  people in need 需要帮助的人toy bear / lion / tiger 玩具熊 / 狮子 / 老虎soft toy  软体玩具；布绒玩具 a bit  有点儿check out  察看；观察  no longer  不再；不复board game  棋类游戏  Step 8 Language points1. --How long have you had that bike there?--I have had it for three years!辨析：how long, how soon, how often, how farHow long 多久，多长（时间）。对时间段提问，如：for+时间段；since+过去的时间点。e.g. --How long have you worked in Beijing? --For five years.How soon多久以后。对“in+时间段提问，常用于一般将来时”，其答语常用“in+时间段”。e.g. –How soon will Mr. Li be back? --In a week. How often多久一次，对频率提问，其答语为：once（twice/…）+时间段，always，usually等。e.g. --How often do you exercise? -- Once a day.How far多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。e.g. -- How far is it from here to your school? -- Three kilometers.2. Jeff’s family is having a yard sale.sale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”，on sale意为“出售，上市”；for sale意为“待售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。e.g. Chickens are on sale in the market. 小鸡在市场上出售。 I’m sorry, it’s not for sale. 抱歉，它不出售。3. Old things really bring back sweet memories.memory n. 意为“记忆；回忆”，复数形式为memories，动词为memorize，意为“记忆，背诵”。e.g. She has a good memory. 她记忆力好。4. I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months. a couple of 有两种意思: 其一，表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个相同的人或物体；其二，表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。 e.g. Look! There are a couple of boys waiting for you at the door. 瞧！门口有两三个男孩正在等你。5. The stories inside may be a bit old, but they’re still interesting.a bit意为“一点儿, 稍微”, 修饰形容词或副词, 相当于a little; a bit of +不可数名词, a little直接加不可数名词。e.g. There is a bit of/a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有点儿水。【链接】a little bit 也意为“有点儿”，可用来修饰形容词或副词。e.g. I came a little bit ( = a bit / a little) early this morning.【运用】完成句子，每空词数不限。1) 对我来说，这个包有点儿贵。 This bag is ____________________ expensive for me.2) 我们仍有点儿面包。 We still have ____________ bread.  6. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.check用作及物动词，意为“检查，审查”，短语check out，意为“察看，观察”。e.g. If you finish it, check it by yourself first. 如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。Check out all the books for children.察看一下所有的儿童书籍。Step 9 ExercisesⅠ. 根据句意及括号内所给单词的提示填空。1. In the zoo you can see many kinds of animals such as tigers and ________(bear).2. I paid thirty ________(cent) for the rice. 3. Mrs. Hand bought several silk ________(scarf).4. This pear is much ________(sweet) than that one.5. Timmy had happy ________(memory) of his school life.Ⅱ. 根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出句中所缺短语。1. I bought the radio at a(n) ____________(庭院拍卖会).2. Mrs. Rice has two ____________(面包机). One is old and the other is new.3. Hey, Kate! Here’re some ____________(布绒玩具) for you.4. Could you please ____________(察看) the names and numbers?5. As far as I know, Nick isn’t interested in ____________(棋类游戏).Step 10 Homework Write a conversation according to 2c. Section A 2 (3a-3c)Teaching objectives1. To understand the detailed information of the article.2. To practice your comprehension by answering some questions.3. To learn new words: junior, clear, bedroom, own, railway, part, certain, honest, while, truthful …Teaching procedure:Step 1 Some new words1. bedroom n. 卧室2. railway n. 铁路；铁道3. junior adj. 地位 (或职位、级别) 低下的 junior high school 初级中学e.g. We could give the job to somebody junior. 我们可以把这份工作交给职位较低的人。4. own v. 拥有；有e.g. Most households now own at least one car. 大多数家庭现在至少有一辆汽车。5. truthful adj. 诚实的；老实的e.g. He was not always truthful. 他并非总是说真话。Step 2 Fast reading 3a Read the article written by a father for a newspaper. What is his family going to sell at the yard sale?Keys: They are going to sell old toys and football shirts at the yard sale.Step 3 Careful readingRead the passage and choose true (T) or false (F)1. My daughter is 15 and my boy has already started junior high school.2. My son was quite sad at first.3. My daughter felt happy to part with certain toys.4. I want to give up my football shirts.Keys: FTFT3b Read the article again and answer the questions.1. Why did they decide to have a yard sale?Because they have too many things in the house and don’t seem to have enough space.2. What do they want to do with the money from the sale?They want to give the money to a children’s home.3. Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set?Because he has had it since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.4. How can the old toys be useful again?Old toys can bring joy to children who don’t have the money to buy toys.5. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? What would you do with the money you raise?Yes, I have. I would give it to the charity.Step 4 Language points 1. We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms. clear v. 清理；清除 clear out 清理；丢掉 e.g. I’ll clear out that closet for you. 我要替你把那个小衣橱清理出来。2. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.1) each在句中对we进行限定，表示 “(两个或两个以上的人或物中)各自，每个”。如： My sister and I each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 我和姐姐各有一本英汉词典。 2) no longer意为“不再；不复”，通常位于实义动词之前，助动词、情态动词或系动词之后。 它与not …any longer或not … any more同义。 e.g. He no longer lives here. = He doesn’t live here any longer / any more. She is no longer a child. = She isn’t a child any longer / any more.【运用】同义句转换。1) Tom is no longer a middle school student. Tom isn’t a middle school student any longer / any more / anymore.2) He doesn’t live here any longer. He no longer lives here / He doesn’t live here any more / anymore.3. My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.1) certain adj. 意为“某种；某事；某人”。e.g. He decided to sell his certain books. 他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。[拓展] certain形容词，意为“确实的，无疑的”。常用结构：be certain to do sth. 肯定要做某事 be certain of/about sth. 对某事确定、有把握 be certain of doing sth. 有把握做某事e.g. He felt quite certain of success. 他对成功很有把握。2) part with 放弃、交出e.g. Don’t part with your dream. 不要放弃你的梦想。 part n. 部分, 参与常用短语：part of ... “……的一部分” take part in “参与, 参加” 4. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have not played for a while now.1) as for 至于，关于e.g. And as for us, we are fortunate. 可对我们来说，我们是幸运的。2) to be honest意为“说实在的，说实话”，等同于honestly。经常单独使用，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开。类似的表达还有to be frank “坦率说”。e.g. To be honest, she is not an honest girl. 说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩。honest为形容词， 意为“诚实的；老实的”。反义词为dishonest “不诚实的”。3) while n. 一段时间，一会儿while 还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，while引导的时间状语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。e.g. They chatted happily for a while. 他们高兴地闲扯了一会儿。 He kept in touch with us while he was on vacation. 他在度假期间仍与我们保持联系。Step 5 Practice Find the words or phrases in the article which can be replaced with the ones below and write them next to the words.lose– part with kids--_______ truthful--_______ many -- _____ some time--______ even though--_____ quickly--______ older--_____keys: children to be honest a lot of a while although fast growing upSummaryat first  起初；起先grow up 长大；成熟；成长  as for  至于；关于junior high school  初级中学part with  放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)to be honest  说实在的  Step 6 ExerciseⅠ. 从方框中选择合适的单词填空，使每个句子在结构、句意和逻辑上正确。1. Mrs. Green has a house with a small yard. She _______ this house for more than 20 years.2. Our house has three _______. So I don’t need to share the bedroom with my sister.3. Friends should be _______ with each other.4. Luckily, Jim arrived at the _______ station on time and caught the train.Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。1. Jack清理了他所有的旧衣服。Jack _______ _______ all his old clothes.2. Mary已经学习法语三年了。Mary _______ _______ French _______ three years.3. 我爸爸不再在这儿工作了。My dad _______ _______ _______ here.4. 说实在的，我不喜欢她的画。_______ _______ _______, I don’t like her painting.5. 至于Laura, 她会晚点到。_______ _______ Laura, she will arrive later.Step 7 Homework 1. Make five sentences by using clear out, no longer, part with, as for and to be honest.2. Preview the part: grammar.Section A 3 (Grammar focus – 4c)Teaching objectivesTo learn the present perfect tense with for and since.1. --How long have you had that bike over there? --I’ve had it for three years.2. --How long has his son owned the train and railway set? --He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.Teaching procedure:Step 1 Group work 完成下列句子。1. — How long have you had that bike over there? — I’ve had it for three years. 2. How long has his son owned the train and railway set? He’s owned it since his fourth birthday. 3. Have you ever played football? Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.Step 2 现在完成时现在完成时的持续性用法现在完成时还可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的动作或状态，该用法中的动词多是延续性动词，常见的时态标志词有since, for等。1. since意为“自从……以来”, 它既可作介词，也可作连词。作介词时, 后接表示过去的时间点, 表示某事开始的时间；作连词时, 引导时间状语从句, 从句常用一般过去时。如： We have been here since last Sunday / two years ago. Mr. Jones has worked here since he was twenty-five.2. for作介词，后接一段时间，表示一个动作或一种状态已经持续了多长时间。如： I have studied here for three years. She has been away for five days.注意：1. 对since和 for引导的时间状语提问时, 常用how long。如： Jane has learned to play the piano since two years ago.  How long has Jane learned to play the piano?2. 在现在完成时中，含有for和since的句子可以相互转换。如： They have lived here for five years.=They have lived here since five years ago.3. 在现在完成时中，表示短暂意义的动词(如come和see)在肯定句和一般疑问句中不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，但在否定句中是可以的。如： They haven’t seen each other for ages. 短暂性(短语)动词与延续性(短语)动词和与表示状态的短语之间的转化。1. 有些短暂性(短语)动词可转化为相应的延续性(短语)动词。常见的有： become → be    borrow → keep  buy → have / own    catch a cold → have a cold come → stay    put on → wear go to sleep → sleep  move to → live in2. 有些短暂性(短语)动词可转化为表示状态的短语。常见的有： leave → be away    begin / start → be on die → be dead    finish → be over join → be in / be a member of fall asleep → be asleep    marry → be married  come / arrive here → be hereStep 3 Work on 4a Rewrite the sentences using for or since.1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three years ago.Jim has been in Japan for three years.2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.They have not eaten for ten hours.3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.I have had a camera since 2009.4. I know Ann. I first met her three years ago.I have known Ann for three years/since three years ago.5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.Linda has been ill since Monday.Step 4 Work on 4b Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the verbs in brackets.1. I __________ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _____ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.2. They _____________ (never own) any pets, but they ___________ (always want) to have a dog.3. We ________ (have) a piano since last November. We ______ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.4. Cathy and Amy __________ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _______ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.5. This museum __________ (be) here for over 20 years. It ______ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.Step 5 Group work4c Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.1. Do you have a(n) _______? How long have you had it?2. Do you own a(n)_______? How long have you owned it?Step 6 中考链接1. —It’s 20 years since we came back to Liangshan.—How time flies! We _____ in our hometown for such a long time. (2020四川凉山)A. Work B. worked C. has worked D. have worked2. Since 1989, Project Hope ________ millions of young people from poor families achieve their dreams of going to school. (2020云南)A. will help B. helps C. has helped D. is helping3. Some primary and secondary schools _______ winter sports to their courses since Beijing won the right to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. (2020江苏泰州)A. added B. will add C. have added D. were adding4. It has been two months since my father ________for Italy. (2020黑龙江龙东)A. was left B. left C. leaves5. — Hi, Jill. I _______ in my math since you shared your good experience with me.— Great! Congratulations! (2020黑龙江哈尔滨) A. have made rapid progress B. made rapid progressC. will make rapid progress6. Bob, you ________in this city since 2018. How do you like it? (2020四川成都) A. lived B. live C. have lived 7. I ______ the guitar ever since I was 8 years old. (2020甘肃武威) A. played B. have played C. am playing D. will play8. —What do you usually do in your spare time?—I often go to our community library. It ________ for two years in order to encourage us to read more. (2020湖北鄂州)A. opens B. has opened C. has been opened D. has been open9. Mr Jiang ____ the company to develop the 5G network for years. Now he works as the chief engineer in it. (2020江苏南通)A. joined B. was a member of C. has joined D. has been a member of10. —The new shirt looks good on you. When did you buy it? —On July 7th. I _____ it for a week. (2020四川遂宁)A. have bought B. have had C. bought D. buy参考答案：1-5 DCCBA 6-10 CBDDBSummary1. 现在完成时的特殊疑问句的结构： 疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词+ 其他成分。询问时间长短的疑问词 用how long。2. 介词for后接一段时间，指某个动作或情况到现在为止已持续了多久。3. since有两种用法，分别是：① 作为介词，接一个时间名词；② 作为连词，引导一个时间状语从句。 since表示“自……以来”，指某个动作或情况从过去某一点时间一直持续到现在。Step 6 ExerciseⅠ. 根据上句完成下句，使两句意思相同或相近，每空一词。1. My brother has lived in Shanghai for two years.My brother _______ _______ in Shanghai _______ two years ago.2. Mr. Lin and Mrs. Wang have worked in the school since ten years ago.Mr. Lin and Mrs. Wang _______ _______ in the school _______ ten years.3. Polly became a teacher last year.Polly _______ _______ a teacher _______ one year.4. The library closed ten minutes ago.The library _______ _______ _______ _______ ten minutes.5. My grandmother died five years ago.My grandmother _______ _______ _______ _______ five years.Ⅱ. 根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的正确时态填空，使短文完整、通顺。Steven loves almost everything about his grandma, but there is only one thing he (1)_______(hate). She always knits (编织) sweaters for him. She (2)_______(make) over one hundred sweaters for him since he (3)_______(be) a baby. Steven understands that she does it because she loves him. However, all the sweaters aren’t beautiful. Steven visits her once a month. She has a new sweater for him each time. Steven (4)_______(live) in a small apartment. He (5)_______(keep) so many of her sweaters over the years that there isn’t enough room for his other clothes. He had to give all of them away last week. “Grandma won’t find out it,” he (6)_______(think). However, Steven’s grandma (7)_______(visit) him without telling him yesterday. She (8)_______(ask) to see his sweaters. “Sorry, I (9)_______(give) all of them away because the children in poor areas needed them a lot,” Steven said. Grandma (10)_______(feel) happy. She promised she would make him two more by the next month.Step 7 Homework1. Make four sentences using the present perfect tense with for and since.2. Review Grammar.Section B 1 (1a-1d)Teaching objectivesTo learn to name the places or things in your town or cityTo listen for specific informationTo be able to talk about your town / cityTeaching procedure:Step 1 Warming upThere must be some old buildings and places in your neighborhood. What are they? Can you name some? There are eight nouns of place in the following chart. Can you find them?Key: 横排：bridge, zoo, museum, library竖排：bank, park, river, hillStep 2 Group work1a Check (√) the places or things you can find in your town or city.____ a museum ____a primary school____ a bridge ____ a zoo ____ a park ____a hill ____ a library ____ a riverStep 3 Listening Predict: What are Martin and Jenny talking about?1b Listen and answer the questions 1. Does Martin like Jenny’s hometown?Yes, he does.2. Does Jenny still live in her hometown?No, she doesn’t.3. What is behind the science museum?What do people do there on weekends?A big park. People go there to let their kids run around and climb the hills1c Listen again and fill in the chart about the places in Jenny’s hometown.Role-play the conversation with your partner.Step 4 Group work1d Talk about your town/city with a partner according to the conversation.A: My city is lovely.B: What are some of the special places there?A: Well, there’s a concert hall there. It’s been around for at least 20 years.Sample:A: My city is really beautiful.B: What are some of the special places there?A: Well, there’s a big park there. It was first built in 1997. It has been around for more than 20 years.Step 5 DiscussionDo you like your hometown? Which place do you often go to? What do you usually do there? Describe the changes that have taken place in your hometown.Step 6 Language points1. Even though it’s old, it’s full of interesting places to see and things to do. even though = even if 即使；虽然，引导让步状语从句  e.g. I’ll get there, even though I have to walk. 即使我必须步行，我会到那儿的。 I like her, even though she can be lazy at times. 我喜欢她，虽然可能她有时会发懒。be full of = be filled with 充满；装满e.g. The kitchen was full of smoke. 厨房里全是烟。 Life’s full of surprises, isn’t it? 生活真是充满了意想不到的事，对吧？ Her eyes filled with tears. 她的双眼噙满了泪水。The air was filled with the sound of children’s laughter. 空气中充满着孩子们的笑声。2. Yes, that’s one of the oldest buildings in this town. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 最……之一 e.g. Tom is one of the tallest boys in our class.  Tom是我们班最高的男孩之一。 It’s one of the most beautiful songs I’ve ever heard. 这是我听过的最好听的歌曲之一。3. Many families go there on weekends to let the kids run around and climb the hills. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 e.g. Don’t let the boy take care of his sister; he’s too young. 别让这个男孩照看他妹妹，他太小了。 Let me help you with your homework.  让我帮你做作业吧！4. It’s been around for as long as I can remember. as…as… 和……一样……，as之间跟形容词或副词原形 e.g. I met an old woman with hair as white as snow. 我碰见一个白发如雪的老太太。 Please let me know your decision as soon as possible. 请尽快告诉我你的决定。as long as = only if 只要，引导条件状语从句e.g. We’ll go as long as the weather is good. 只要天气好，我们就去。 As long as we keep playing well, we’ll keep winning games. 只要我们一直都打得好，我们就会一直赢下去。5. It’s been around for at least 20 years. at least 至少；不少于；起码 e.g. Cut the grass at least once a week in summer. 夏季一周至少除草一次。 You could at least listen to what he says.  你起码可以听听他说什么了。at (the) most 至多；不超过 e.g. It costs, at most, only a few dollars. 它最多只花了几美元。 She only worked here for a month or two at the most. 她在这儿最多只工作了一到两个月。Step 7 Exercises根据汉语提示，完成英语句子。1. 尽管下雪，他还是外出去工作了。 He went out to work _________________________.2. 我们的前途看来充满了希望。 Our future seems to _____________ hope.3. 这是多年来最冷的春天。It’s been ________________________ for years.4. 父母不会让我独自在家的。 My parents wouldn’t ______________________.  5. 只要你洗了鞋，就可以和他们踢足球了。__________ you wash your shoes, you can go and play football with them.6. 她至少可以给你提些建议。She, _______, can give you some advice.Step 8 HomeworkWrite a short passage about one place you like most in your hometown. Preview the passage on page 78.Section B 2 (2a-2d)Teaching objectives1. To learn about Hometown Feelings and understand the main idea of the passage. 2. To learn new words: nowadays, search, among, crayon, shame, regard, count, century, opposite, especially, childhood, consider, hold3. To develop the students’ critical thinking skills.Teaching procedure:Step 1 Warming upWork in groups. Discuss these questions:1. Why do millions of Chinese leave the countryside every year?Many adults leave their hometown to earn more money in the cities. Leaving home for educational purpose has become very familiar to students, especially who come from the countryside. 2. How often do you think these people visit their hometowns?3. What new buildings does the government usually build in towns and villages?No matter how far away from your hometown, there must be a connection between you and your hometown. Hometown is really a great place for us. No matter where we have moved and how far away we are. we can't get away from homesickness (乡愁). We get homesick (想家的) because there are things that we love.Step 2 ReadingReading strategy: Using Previous KnowledgeWe can often guess what a text is about by using what we already know. Answering questions before we read can also help us do this.2a Read the passage to find out your answers are the same as in the passage.1. Why do millions of Chinese leave the countryside every year?To search for work in cities.2. How often do you think these people visit their hometowns?They visit their hometowns once or twice a year.3. What new buildings does the government usually build in towns and villages?Large hospitals and new schools.Read the passage again and answer the questions.( )1. Zhong Wei has lived in Guangzhou for more than ten years.( )2. Zhong Wei didn’t return to his hometown last year.( )3. Many new schools and large hospitals have appeared in his hometown. ( )4. Zhong Wei had a happy childhood in his hometown.( )5. Zhong Wei is happy with the developments in his hometown. 2b Find expressions in the passage that have the same meanings as these words and phrases.1. look for search 5. go back return2. consider regard 6. changes developments3. across from opposite 7. area place4. in one’s opinion according to2c Complete the summary with words from the passage. You may need to change the forms of the words.Many Chinese people these days leave their __________ to work in the ______. They usually _______ to their hometowns one or two times a _____. Zhong Wei hasn’t been back in close to three years. He has been working in a _______ factory in Wenzhou for the past 13 years.People like him are _________ in how their hometowns are changing. New buildings are often built by the ___________. Zhong Wei thinks these changes are _____ because things need to change in order to become better. But he also thinks some things _________ change, and his hometown is still the place that holds all his childhood _________.Key: hometown(s), cities, return, year, crayon, interested, government, good, (will) never, memories2d Think of changes that happening in your town or city today. Which changes are generally good? Which changes could be seen as bad?Step 3 Language points1. Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. search v.& n. 搜索; 搜查 e.g. The people are searching for the missing boy. 人们正在搜寻失踪的男孩。 She searched her desk for the necessary information. 她在她的书桌上搜寻必要的信息。 ▲作动词，常用于以下结构中：① search sb. 表示“搜某人的身”。② search a place / sth. 表示“搜查某处 / 某物”。③ search for sb. / sth. 表示“搜寻某人 / 某物”。④ search sb. / a place for ... 表示“搜查某人 / 某处以寻找……”。▲作名词，常用于固定短语 in search of (搜寻；寻找；寻求)中。【运用】完成句子(1) 我到处找我的钥匙，但是我都找不到它。I _______ _______ _______ my key, but I couldn't find it.(2) 警察搜了他的身，但是什么也没找到。The police _______ _______, but found nothing.(3) 我正在网上搜寻一些关于濒危动物的信息。I'm _______ _______ _______ _______ about endangered animals on the Internet.2. Among these is Zhong Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father.辨析: among & betweenamong prep. 在（其）中；……之一辨析 among & between【语境应用】根据句意从括号内选择恰当的单词填空。1) Angela is the tallest _________(between / among) her classmates.2) The paper fell _________(between / among) the desk and the wall.3) It’s a secret _________(between  / among) the two of us. a 46-year-old husband and father=a husband and father of 46 years old一位46岁的丈夫和父亲“数词-名词单数-形容词” adj. 常作定语类似的形容词结构: “数词-名词单数” e.g. a 10-year-old boy = a boy of 10 years old 一个10岁的男孩 a two-month holiday = a two months’ holiday 为期两个月的假期 ten-minute walk/drive/ride =ten minutes’ walk/drive/ride 步行/开车/骑车10分钟的路程3. It’s a shame, but I just don’t have the time, …It’s a shame/What a shame “真遗憾; 多可惜啊”，口语表达, 表示不如人愿的情形，其后可接不定式或由that引导的从句。e.g. It’s a shame to cover this beautiful table with a tablecloth. 把这张漂亮的桌子用桌布盖起来真是可惜。 It’s a shame (that) you can’t stay for dinner. 你不能留下来吃晚饭，真遗憾。shame n. 羞耻; 羞愧; 惭愧e.g. He said he felt no shame for what he had done. 他说他并不为自己的所作所为感到羞愧。 She’s brought shame on the whole family. 她使全家蒙羞。【拓展】shame的相关短语： to one’s shame 令某人感到羞愧的是 feel shame at… 因······而感到羞愧 in shame 羞愧地 hang / bow one’s head in shame 惭愧地低下头shame的形容词形式是ashamed。be ashamed of ...意为“以……为耻；为……感到惭愧”，也可接由that引导的从句。【运用】完成句子或对话(1) 我感到很惭愧，给你添了这么多麻烦。I _______ _______ _______ I put you to so much trouble.(2) ——Sam没有通过驾照考试。——真遗憾！—Sam didn't pass his driving test.—_______ _______ _______!(3) 很遗憾，你不能来参加我的生日聚会。_______ _______ _______ _______ you can't come to my birthday party.4. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed. regard v. 将……认为；把……视为；看待 regard ... as ... 将……视为……；看作；认为 e.g. I regard creativity both as a gift and as a skill. 我认为创造力既是一种天赋也是一种技巧。 Her parents always regarded her as the cleverest of their children. 她父母一贯把她看作是所有子女中最聪明的。regard v. (以某种方式)注视；打量e.g. She stood back and regarded him coldly. 她退后站着，冷冷地看着他。 The bird regarded me as I walked up to its nest. 我走向鸟巢的时候，那只鸟注视着我。【链接】▲consider也有“认为；视为；看待”的意思，常用于短语consider ... to be ... 或consider ... as ... 中，其中to be或as可省略不用。▲see ... as ... 也意为“将……认为……；把……视为……”。【运用】完成句子现在我们仍然把他当作我们的好朋友。Now we still _______________ a good friend of ours.5. According to Zhong Wei, however, some things will never change. according to 依据；按照，to为介词, 后接名词、代词或从句。 e.g. Philip stayed at the hotel, according to Mr. Hemming. 据Mr. Hemming所说，Philip住在旅馆里。 According to what he said, it was a good thing. 根据他所说的，那是件好事。 【注意】 不能说according to me或 according to my opinion，而要说 in my opinion。 e.g. In my opinion his first book is much better. 依我看，他的第一本书好多了。6. consider v. 注视；仔细考虑 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 e.g. Ben considered the painting with an expert eye. Ben以专家的眼光仔细地审视这幅油画。 You have to consider the feelings of others. 你必须考虑别人的感受。 We are considering going to Canada. 我们正在考虑去加拿大。Practice根据汉语意思完成英语句子。1. 她们认为我姐姐是这所学校最好的老师。 They ________ my sister ______ the best teacher in the school.2. 据你爸爸说, 你上周在太原度假。 ____________ your father, you were on holiday in Taiyuan last week. 3. 我已经考虑过参加她的晚会。 I’ve _______________________ her party.4. 真遗憾你下个月就得回美国了。 _______________ you have to go back to America next month.5. 最近警察正在全城搜寻那个男人。 The police are _____________ the man all over the city recently. Step 4 Summarysearch for work  找工作millions of 大量 in order to目的是；为了for the last ... years 在过去的……年里It’s a shame. 很遗憾 close to 几乎；接近that’s true of ...   ……也是这样的情况since the mid-20th century自从二十世纪中期以来used to do sth.  过去常常做某事according to  依据；按照  look for寻找；寻求a symbol of ...  ……的一个标志across from在……对面in one’s opinion  依……看Step 5 ExerciseⅠ. 从方框中选择合适的单词填空，使每个句子或对话在结构、句意和逻辑上正确。每词限用一次。1. Adam loves music, _______ the rock music.2. Alice’s dad always _______ her as the smartest of his children.3. I _______ the students as they got on the bus. There are 20 of them.4. It’s a(n) _______ that you can’t go to the party.5. —Have you _______ going there by plane?—No. I have a fear of heights.6. Jim is the tallest _______ the five boys.7. My sister came in and _______ a large box.8. The city center has changed a lot over a(n) _______.Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。1. 警察昨天在树林中搜寻那个失踪的男孩。The police _______ the woods _______ the missing boy yesterday.2. 据Ella说，这是她们第一次见面。_______ _______ Ella, it’s the first time that they have met.3. 那个画家花了将近3年的时间画那幅画。The painter spent _______ _______ three years drawing that picture.4. 银行在超市的对面。The bank _______ _______ the supermarket.5. 我有一个快乐的童年。I had a(n) _______ _______.Step 6 Homework1. Write a short passage about the changes in your hometown. 2. Review what has learned in the unit and preview 3a 3b and Self-check.Section B 3 (3a-Self check)Teaching objectives:1. To be able to write a passage about your favorite thing. 2. To practice the use of the present perfect tense with for and since.Teaching procedure:Step 1 Group work 3a Think about your favorite things from childhood which you still have. For example, it can be a toy or a book. Then take notes using the questions.1. How long have you had it?2. How did you get it? Did someone give it to you? Who?3. Why do you like it so much? Why is it special?4. Can you say anything more about it?Step 2 Writing3b Write three paragraphs about your favorite thing. Use your notes in 3a to help you.In the first paragraph, introduce your favorite thing.My favorite thing from childhood is _______________. I’ve had it for/since ___________. _______________ gave it to me.In the second paragraph, talk about why it is special.I like ____________so much because _______________________.It’s special to me because______________. I think _______________________.In the third paragraph, write about a story or memories.____________________ has given me many memories. I remember when _________________.写作指导文体：说明文时态：一般过去时、一般现在时和现在完成时 人称：以第一、三人称为主Useful expressions:My favorite thing from childhood is ...I've had it for / since ...My ... gave it to me on my sixth birthday / when I was six years old.I like it so much because ...It's special to me because ...... has given me many sweet / good memories.I think I will keep it forever.参考范文My favorite thing from childhood is my teddy bear. I've had it since I was five years old. My grandmother gave it to me on my birthday. I like the teddy bear so much because it's dressed in my favorite color. It's special to me because my grandmother made it for me. I think I will keep it forever, to remind me of my grandmother. The teddy bear has given me many good memories. I remember when I was young and I was scared at night because I didn't like the dark, I held my teddy bear to feel safe.Step 3 Self Check 1. Complete the sentences using for or since.1. I haven’t been to a museum …2. I haven’t written a letter …3. I haven’t ridden a bike …4. I haven’t seen a movie …5. I haven’t played computer games…2. Complete the conversationA: Hey Eric, _______ you enjoyed your time in Beijing so far?B: Yes, it ___ been great! Everyone is so friendly. A: How long _____ you been in China now?B: Oh, I __________ here _____ about two years now.A: Wow, that means you haven’t ______back to the US for two years.B: No, I ____ been back twice_____ moving to China.____ you been to the US before, Li JuanA: Yes, I went there once when I _____ 10 years old, but I _____ not been back _____ then.Step 4 Exercise根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的词语填空，有的需要变换形式。It is yard sale time again. Everyone in the Jones family has (1)_________ out their old things and set up a table out in front of their house.Billy, the youngest, put some (2)_________ and board games in his yard sale box. Suzy, the middle child, decided to (3)_________ with a couple of her soft toys. (4)_________ she just doesn’t love them as much as she used to. Regina, the eldest, (5)_________ music CDs and some magazines. She gets tired of things fast, and needs money for new ones! So she wanted to sell all of them. Dad took out some old tools and computer parts. Mom (6)_________ some old handbags and shoes she didn’t care for anymore.Together, the five of them set up their tables at 7:30 in the morning. From 7:30 to 9:30 there was (7)_________ a chance to take a break. Many people brought young kids, so Billy sold out of games quickly. A few girls bought most of Suzy’s soft toys and Regina’s CDs.The Jones family (8)_________ $323 in the end. It is quite a good day. Everyone is happy about the results (9)_________ a few things haven’t been sold. To be honest, the yard sale has become everyone’s good (10)_________.Step 5 Homework 1. Write a short passage about an unforgettable thing in your childhood, using the useful sentences in 3b.2. Review what you have learned in this unit.bedroom, truth, own, railway ThingsHow longTonyfavorite book basketballfor two yearssince he was 10 years oldStudent 1  Student 2  BPAOHELDAABRIDGENRCILDWNKKDVLZOOMUSEUMCQLIBRARYYPlace New or oldHow long has it been there?Town library old for hundreds of yearsScience museumnew  since last AugustRestaurant down the street old for as long as Jenny can rememberamong, shame, regard, century, especially, consider, hold, counthardly, crayon, clear, make, part, even if, nowadays, memory, choose, own