人教版八年级下册英语Unit 4知识点梳理及语法讲义（教师版）

这是一份人教版八年级下册英语Unit 4知识点梳理及语法讲义（教师版），共20页。学案主要包含了用法详解，即学即用，拓展延伸，易混辨析，参考范文，参考答案等内容，欢迎下载使用。

（一）完成单词梳理：
名词：1. deal 协议；交易 2. relatin 关系；联系；交往 3.cmmunicatin交流；沟通
4. clud 云；云朵 5. member 成员；分子 6. pressure 压力
7. pinin 意见；想法；看法 8. skill 技艺；技巧 9. ftball （美式）足球
10. develpment 发展；发育；成长
动词：1. allw 允许；准许 2. guess 猜测；估计 3. argue 争吵；争论
4. ffer 主动提出；自愿给予 5. cmmunicate 交流；沟通 6. explain 解释；说明
7. cpy 抄袭；模仿；复制；复印 8. return 归还；回来；返回
9. cmpete 竞争；对抗 10. cntinue 持续；继续存在 11. cmpare 比较
12. push 鞭策；督促；推动 13. cause 造成；引起
副词：1. instead 代替；反而；却 2. secndly 第二；其次
3. anymre 再也（不）；（不）再 4. perhaps 可能；大概；也许
代词：1. whatever 任何；每一
形容词：1. wrng 有毛病；错误的 2. elder 年纪较长的
3. nervus 焦虑的；担忧的 4. prper 正确的；恰当的
5. clear 清楚易懂的；晴朗的 6. typical 典型的
7. quick 快的；迅速的；时间短暂的 8. crazy 不理智的；疯狂的
9. usual 通常的；寻常的

（二）词汇变形小结：
cmmunicate交流(v.) → _cmmunicatin_ (n.)交流;沟通
pay 花费(v.) → ____paid______ (过去式)
cst 花费(v.) → ____cst______ (过去式)
take 花费(v.) → ____tk______ (过去式)
spend花费(v.) → ____spent______ (过去式)
make 做；制作；使得(v.) → ____made______ (过去式)
invite 邀请(v.) → ____invitatin____ (n.)邀请
surprise 使吃惊(v.) → ___surprising___(adj.)令人吃惊的 → ___surprised____(adj.)对某事感到吃惊的
angry 生气的(adj.) → ___angrily______(adv)生气地
argue 争吵(v.) → ____argument_____ (n.)争论
clud 云(n.) → ____cludy______ (adj.)多云的
prper 正确的(adj.) → ___prperly_____ (adv.)正确地
secnd 第二的(adj.) → ___secndly_____ (adv.)第二
explain 解释；说明(v.) → __explanatin____ (n.)解释；说明
clear 清楚的；晴朗的(adj.) → ____clearly_____ (adv.)清楚地；明白地
cmpete 竞争；对抗(v.) → ___cmpetitin___ (n.)比赛 → ___cmpetitr___ (n.)竞争者
typical 典型的(adj.) → ___typically____ (adv.)通常
quick 快速的(adj.) → ___quickly______ (adv.)快速地
usual 通常的(adj.) → ___usually______ (adv.)通常
develp 发展(v) → ___develpment___ (n.)发展；发育；成长
【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空
Firstly, clse yur eyes. ___Secndly_____ (secnd), dn’t talk t each ther.
If yu have different ideas, yu shuld __cmmunicate___ (cmmunicatin) with them in time.
Dctrs say t much pressure isn’t gd fr a kid’s ___develpment___ (develp).
Thse medical staff（职员）____usually_____ (usual) wrk late int the night.
Guiyang is develping s ___quickly______ (quick) that mre and mre graduates chse t wrk here.
The weather is ___cludy______ (clud) and cl tday. Let’s g t play tennis.
Mlly really thanks her mther fr ___pushing_____ (push) her t study.
Jill ___guessed_____ (guess) frm the nise that her brthers were hme.
We need t learn hw t dress ___prperly_____ (prper).
Tm is my ____elder______ (ld) brther.He is in the schl ftball team.
（三）短语攻关：
allw sb. t d sth. 允许某人做某事 What’s wrng? 哪儿不舒服？
lk thrugh 快速查看；浏览 big deal 重要的事
after-schl class 课外辅导班 s that 以至于；以便
g t sleep 去睡觉 call up 打电话
have/get int a fight with 与……打架 wrk ut 成功地发展；解决
get n with 和睦相处；关系良好 refuse t d sth. 拒绝做某事
cmmunicate with 与……交流 mind sb. ding sth. 介意某人做某事
nt ... anymre 不再 play sprts 做运动
get better grades 取得更好的成绩 wrry abut 担心
cut ut 删除；删去 cmpare ... with ... 比较；对比
in ne’s pinin 依……看 keep n ding sth. 坚持做某事
知识点梳理
1.My parents dn't allw me t hang ut with my friends. 我父母不允许我和我的朋友们闲逛。
【用法详解】allw及物动词，意为“允许；准许”。常用搭配： allw sb. t d sth. “允许某人做某事”；
allw后面可跟名词或动词-ing形式作宾语，但不能直接跟动词不定式
allw ding sth.“允许做某事”。
Eg.I can’t allw yu t d that. 我不许你做那件事。
They allwed smking in this rm nly. 他们只允许在这个房间里抽烟。
【即学即用】
1.Their parents dn't allw them ____C____ in the river because it's really dangerus.
A.swim B. swimming C. t swim D. swam
2.I wuld be interested t see the pandas in the Wulng Panda Reserve, because it allws peple ____B____clser t them.
A. get B. t get C. getting D. gt
3.We dn’t allw ___playing____ (play) cards in ur huse.
4.The teacher didn’t allw the students ___t talk____ (talk) in class.
2. What’s wrng? 怎么了？
【用法详解】该句是口语中常用的一个句型，表示“怎么了？/哪儿不舒服？/出什么毛病了？”，相当于“ What’s the matter ？”。后面可接with sb./sth.，用来询问“某人/某物怎么了”。
Eg.—What’s wrng with yur bike? 你的自行车怎么了？
—It needs repairing. 它需要修理了。
3. Why dn’t yu g t sleep earlier this evening? 今天晚上你为什么不早点睡呢？
【用法详解】“Why dn’t ”表示“为何不……呢？”，常用来提出建议或征求对方的意见，主语yu后面跟动词 原形 ，相当于“ Why nt d sth. ？”。
Eg.Why dn’t yu have a cup f tea? = Why nt have a cup f tea?
为何不来一杯茶呢？
【即学即用】
1.—Why nt ____A____ t the library nw?
—Gd idea! Let’s g.
A.g B.t g C.ges D.ging
2.Why ___C_____ cme and play basketball with us?
A. nt yu B. dn’t C. nt D. aren’t yu
3.—Why nt buy a watch as her present?
—____A____.
A. Gd idea B. Srry C. N prblem D. Yes, I’d like t
4. Well, I fund my sister lking thrugh my things yesterday. 唉，昨天我发现我妹妹在翻看我的东西。
【用法详解】知识点1： find sb. ding sth. “发现某人正在做某事”，ding是宾语发出的动作，称为宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行。
Eg.I fund an ld man lying n the grund n my way hme. 在回家的路上我看见一位老人正躺在地上。
【拓展延伸】find sb. d sth.“发现某人做过某事”，强调发现动作经常发生或发现动作的全过程。类似用法的动词还有hear/watch/see/feel等。
Eg.I find him enter the building. 我发现他走进了大楼里。
知识点2： lk thrugh 意为“快速查看；浏览”
Eg.It's a gd habit t lk thrugh newspapers everyday.每天浏览报纸是个好习惯。
【拓展延伸】与lk相关的短语还有：
lk at 看 lk fr 寻找 lk up 查阅；向上看
lk after 照料；照顾 lk int调查 lk frward t 盼望；期待
lk arund环顾 lk dwn n/upn看不起 lk ut 当心；小心
【即学即用】
1.If yu want t knw mre abut space,please ____A_____ the bk A Brief Histry f Time.
A.lk thrugh B. lk arund C. lk after D. lk dwn upn
2.I fund a by ____C_____ in the classrm when I walked past.
A.sings B.sang C.singing D.sing
3.Can yu help me t ____B_____ my dg when I’m away n hliday?
A.lk at B.lk after C.lk like D.lk thrugh
4.I fund a wallet ___lying_____ (lie) n the grund.I picked it up and tk it t the Lst and Fund.
5. Als, my elder brther is nt very nice t me. 还有，我哥哥对我不是很好。
【用法详解】elder形容词，意为“年纪较长的”，主要用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系。
Eg.His elder sn has gne t Canada. 他的大儿子去了加拿大。
【易混辨析】elder与ld
Eg.My elder brther is tw years lder than me. 我的哥哥比我大两岁。
【即学即用】
1.The girl wearing a lng dress is the ___lder_____ (ld) f her tw daughters.
2.Wang Hui is my ___elder______ (ld) sister and she is tw years lder than me.
6. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 相反，他却可以看他想看的任何节目，一直看到深夜。
知识点1： 【易混辨析】instead与instead f
Eg.He didn’t play basketball. He went swimming instead. 他去游泳了，而没有去打篮球。
= He went swimming instead f playing basketball.
知识点2： whatever代词，意为“任何；每一”，在此句中引导宾语从句。
Eg.Give them whatever they need. 他们需要什么就给他们什么。
【拓展延伸】whatever还可以引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么”，相当于n matter what。有类似用法的词还有：whever = n matter wh “无论谁”；whenever = n matter when “无论什么时候”；wherever = n matter where “无论在哪儿”等。
Eg.Whatever/N matter what yu say, I can’t agree with yu. 无论你说什么，我都不会同意你的观点。
【即学即用】
1.He didn’t g t the children’s hme. His friend Jack went there ____A____.
A.instead B. t C. als D. instead f
2.Turists can chse t visit Kunming ____C_____ they like—spring, summer, autumn r winter.
A.whever B.whatever C.whenever D.wherever
3.Let’s g skating instead f ___staying____ (stay) at hme.
4. He didn’t write t Jenny. He talked with her n the phne, instead.（合成一句）
He talked with her n the phne ___instead____ ____f_____ writing t her.
5.我会待在家而不是出去闲逛。（完成句子）
I will stay at hme ___instead___ ____f_____ ___hanging____ ut with friends.
7. If yur parents are having prblems, yu shuld ffer t help. 如果你的父母遇到问题，你应该主动提供帮助。
【易混辨析】重点：ffer与prvide
Eg.He ffered t help me wash my clthes. 他主动提出帮我洗衣服。
The restaurant ffers freign visitrs all kinds f fd. 这家饭店给外宾提供各种食物。
= The restaurant ffers all kinds f fd t freign visitrs .
【即学即用】
1.Mike is a very kind man. He always ffers ____D____ ther peple.
A. t helping B. helping C. help D. t help
2.Parents ften ____D____ their children _________ sme gd advice.
A.ffer; with B. ffer; / C. prvide; with D. bth B and C
3.-Wh ____B____ fd _________ thse cute pandas?
-The panda keepers.
A. ffers; fr B. prvide; fr C. prvide; with D. prvides; with
4.The little by ___B_____ his seat t an ld lady n the crwded bus.
A. lent B. ffered C. prvided D. brught
5.My sister ___ffered____ (ffer) t help t d the husewrk last weekend.
8. Yu shuld explain that yu dn’t mind him watching TV all the time. 你应该向他们解释你并不介意他一直看电视。
【用法详解】mind意为“介意；在乎”，其后可直接接动词-ing形式作宾语
常用搭配： mind (sb.) ding sth. “介意（某人）做某事”
Eg.Wuld yu mind me waiting here? 你介意我在这里等候吗？
Did yu mind being away frm hme fr s lng? 你介意离家这么久吗？
【即学即用】
1.-D yu mind ____D____ yur rm?
-Well, why nt ask dad t d it? I dn’t want t waste my time _________ endless（无尽的）husewrk.
A. clean; d B. clean; ding C. cleanning; ding D. cleaning; ding
2.D yu mind ___pening____ (pen) the windws s that the fresh air can get in?
9. Yu left yur hmewrk at hme. 你把作业落在家里了。
【易混辨析】重点：leave与frget
Eg.I frget t take the umbrella. I left it at yur hme. 我忘了带伞，我把它忘在你家里了。
【即学即用】
1.Last time yu ____D____ yur umbrella at schl. Tday yu had better nt _________ it.
A. frgt; leave B. left; leave C. frgt; frget D. left; frget
2.—I am srry.I ____B____ my hmewrk at hme.
—Dn’t frget _________ it next time.
A.leave; take B.left; t bring C.frgt; bringing D.frget; t take
3.—What's wrng?
—I can't d my hmewrk nw. I ____D____ my hmewrk in the classrm this mrning.
A. leave B. frget C. frgt D. left
4.When yu leave,dn’t frget ___t turn____ (turn) ff the lights.
10. Yu are afraid f speaking in frnt f peple. 你害怕在大家面前讲话。
【用法详解】afraid形容词，意为“害怕，畏惧”，其常见用法如下：
Eg.The by is afraid f falling int the river. 这个男孩害怕掉进河里。
The girl is afraid t walk alne n the street at night. 这个女孩害怕晚上独自在街上走。
I’m afraid (that) I can’t cme tmrrw. 恐怕明天我不能来了。
【即学即用】
1.---Are yu afraid f ____B____ at hme, Linda?
---N, I've grwn up.
A. alne B. being alne C. being lnely D. lnely
2.The little girl is afraid ____A____ snakes.
A. f B. at C. in D. t
11. Maybe I culd cut ut a few f their activities, but I believe these activities are imprtant fr my children’s future. 或许我可以减掉他们几个活动，但我相信这些活动对我的孩子们的未来很重要。
【用法详解】cut ut此处表示“删除；删去”，是由“动词+副词”构成的短语。名词作宾语时，放在ut的前后均可；代词作宾语时，必须放在cut和ut中间。
Eg.Yu can cut ut the last sentence. 你可以删去最后一句话。
These wrds are useless. Please cut them ut. 这些词没用，请把它们删除。
【拓展延伸】cut构成的其他常用短语：
cut
_cut up_ 切碎
_cut ff_ 切断；切除
cut in 插嘴
_cut dwn_ 砍倒
_cut ut_ 删除
cut back 削减
【即学即用】
1.This sentence（句子）is nt right. Yu shuld ____D____ the last wrd.
A. cut ff B. cut dwn C.cut up D.cut ut
2.If I receive bring e-mails,I will ____C____ at nce.
A.cut them up B.cut up them C.cut them ut D.cut ut them
3. I want t ask my mther ____D____ a few after-schl activities fr me, but she refuses _________ t me.
A. t cut ut; listen B. cut ff; listen C. cut ff; listen D. t cut ut; t listen
12. In sme families, cmpetitin starts very yung and cntinue until the kids get lder. 在一些家庭中，竞争从孩子很小的时候就开始了，然后一直持续到孩子们长大。
【易混辨析】cntinue ding sth.与cntinue t d sth.
Eg.Dn’t stp! Cntinue reading, please. 别停下！请继续读。
He cntinued t d his wrk after lunch. 午饭后他继续工作。
【即学即用】
1.—The wrkers cntinued ____B____ the huses when it began t rain.
—Hw hard they wrked!
A. build B. building C. t build D. built
2.Let’s cntinue __practicing__ (practice) speaking English.
13. And they are always cmparing them with ther children. 而且她们总是拿自己的孩子与别人家的孩子进行比较。
【用法详解】cmpare此处用作及物动词，意为“比较”，常与介词with/t搭配使用。
Eg.If yu cmpare the tw bks, yu’ll find which ne is better. 如果你比较一下这两本书，你就会发现哪一本更好。
【易混辨析】cmpare ... with ...与cmpare ... t ...
【即学即用】
1.你的新房子和旧房子比起来怎么样？
Hw des yur new huse ___cmpare___ ___with____ yur ld huse?
2.中国古代的皇帝把他们自己比作龙。
The emperrs f ancient China __cmpared__ __themselves__ ____t_____ dragns.
3.—If yu always cmpare yurself ____B____ thers, yu may have tns f pressure.
—I agree. We shuld believe in urselves.
A.f B.with C.fr D.in
4.When we study freign languages , it’s necessary ____B____ them _________ Chinese in English study.
A. cmpare; t B. t cmpare; with C. cmparing; t D. t cmpare; int
课堂小测
一、单项选择
1.We dn’t allw peple ___C___ in ur ffice, but they allw ______ in the smking rms.
A. t smke; t smke B. smking; smking C. t smke; smking D.smking; t smke
2.I fund the girl ___C___ fr the way t her hme when I saw her. I think she isn’t _______ t remember the way.
A. lk; ld enugh B. lk; enugh ld C. lking; ld enugh D. lking; enugh ld
3.Our parents always cmpare us ___D___ ther children and this _______ us s hard.
A. t; pushes B. with; put C. t; puts D. with; pushes
4.As sn as Mr.Green went int his ffice, he began t ___D___ the telephne bk n his desk.
A.lk up B.lk int C.lk like D.lk thrugh
5.（江苏无锡中考）___A___ I d,I d it fr yu. D nt ever dubt that,my by.
A.Whatever B.Wherever C.Whenever D.Whever
6.（江苏扬州中考改编）—Hney,cme and help me ___C___ the picture f ballns frm the magazine.
—OK,Granny.I’m cming.
A.cut ff B.cut dwn C.cut ut D.cut up
7.—D yu mind ___D___ yur rm?
—N, I’ll d that after finishing _______ this article.
A. clean; write B. clean; writing C. cleaning; write D. cleaning; writing
8.—I’m ging t take a vacatin. Culd yu give me sme advice?
—Sure. I can ___C___ yu _______ sme infrmatin abut interesting places t travel.
A. ffer; t B. ffer; fr C. prvide; with D. prvide; fr
9.He has tw sns. They are Jim and Tm. Jim is Tm’s ___C___ brther.
A. ld B. lder C. elder D. yung
10. ---What's wrng ___B___ yur sister? She lks very sad.
---Oh. She argued _______ her mther.
A. with; abut B. with; with C. fr; abut D. fr; with
11.Our English teacher,Miss Ga,was ill.S Mr.Li gave us a lessn ___C___.
A.instead f B.s that C.instead D.rather than
12.Why dn’t yu ___B___ an English club t practice _______ English?
A.jin; speak B.jin; speaking C.t jin; speaking D.t jin; speak
13.She was ___C____ that her little baby culd d smething ________ t make her laugh.
A.surprising; surprising B.surprised; surprised
C.surprised; surprising D.surprising; surprised
14.Dn’t ___C____ t turn ff the TV befre yu g t bed.
A.remember B.want C.frget D.leave
15.—My cusin always takes my things withut asking.
—___B____, I think. Yu shuldn't care t much abut that.
A.It's right B.It's nt a big deal
C.It's dangerus D.It's nt a gd idea
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The _cmmunicatin_ (cmmunicate) between them is very successful.
2. The ld man can’t see everything ___clearly____ (clear) because he is blind.
3. Wuld yu mind ___clsing____ (clse) the dr? It’s a little cld.
4. Mike always refuses __t help_____ (help) thers. S n ne will help him.
5. Many after-schl activities are gd fr a child’s __develpment___ (develp).
6. Althugh he fell ill, he still cntinued ___writing____ (write) articles.
7. Firstly, yu shuldn’t be angry.__Secndly___ (tw), yu culd have a talk with her.
8. Little Lucy was s kind.She ffered ___t give____ (give) ut the candies t the children.
9. The TV says that it will be ___cludy____ (clud) the day after tmrrw.
10. When I came in, I fund him ___writing____ (write) smething n his seat.
11.Mr. Jacksn ges t wrk at 7:00 a. m. and ___returns____ (return) at 5:00 p.m. every day.
12.Reading is ne f the mst imprtant ___skills_____ (skill) in learning a language.
13.I ___usually____ (usual) just have a sandwich fr lunch.
14.D yu allw me __t cmpare__ (cmpare) with my brther?
15.My parents give me a lt f ___pressure___ ( press ) abut schl.
完形填空
Whenever the exam seasn cmes, stress may cme alng. Here are sme 1 that have helped me and my friends thrugh this seasn.
When the stress f exams is really hitting me, I stp and take a walk. I usually brrw my neighbr’s dg and
2 fr abut fifteen minutes. Many bys wuld simply chse t run fr a while, r play ball games. Having sme 3 drives away yur stress easily mst f the time.
And 4 yu find music helpful, just have a try. Listening t yur favrite sngs will surely make yu 5 . The best thing abut this is that yu dn’t have t g 6 .
But if yu are a bk lver just like me, 7 a bk yu like fr half an hur. Reading can take yu t places yu 8 get t. Putting yurself int a new wrld helps yu frget yur stress in this wrld fr a little bit.
Fr sure, there’s nthing better than laughing. Laughing is the best medicine. It can really keep 9 ff yur mind! I ften call my best friend and we 10 ur gd time r smething funny, and I’m feeling better befre I knw it.
Remember many thers als face the prblem f stress just like yu, and it is nt smething that cannt be dealt with.
( A )1. A. ways B. reasns C. habits D. results
( A )2. A. walk B. jump C.stand D. sit
( B )3. A. jkes B. sprts C. tasks D. lessns
( D )4. A. befre B. until C. since D. if
( C )5. A. lvely B. friendly C. happy D. sleepy
( C )6. A. smewhere B. everywhere C. anywhere D. nwhere
( D )7. A. cpy B. write C. print(打印) D. read
( B )8. A. ever B. never C. smetimes D. always
( A )9. A. wrry B. actin C. surprise D. peace
( B )10. A. think abut B. talk abut C. care abut D. hear abut
四、阅读还原七选五
It is necessary t learn hw t cmmunicate with peple frm ther cultures t build gd relatinships with them. ___1____
Learn abut the culture first.___2___ Befre meeting with smene frm anther culture, try t take time t learn the basic “ds and dn’ts”f that culture.
___3___Each culture has its wn values, beliefs and prejudices(偏见).Yu shuldn't judge peple based n these differences. Instead,respect them fr what they are. Yu may even learn smething new.
Speak clearly and slwly. Dn't shut at thers. Raising yur vice desn’t make yu easier t understand.___4___. Cmmunicatin difficulties lie in cultural differences, nt because f intelligence.
Understand rules abut tuching.Sme cultures may expect mre physical cntact(接触)between peple. Fr example, sme cultures may shake r tuch hands mre readily than thers. ____5____
五、将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语，注意使用适当形式。
1.As students, we shuld __cmmunicate with___ ur parents and teachers.（与交流）
2.____In my pinin_____, it’s a gd way t imprve yur English.（依我看）
3.Cathy thinks her lvely dg is ne f her___family members_____.（家庭成员）
4.Yu can ______cut ut_______ what yu dislike in the article.（删除）
5.They _____wrk ut________ the prblem successfully.（解决）
六、按要求完成句子,每空一词。
1.There is smething wrng with my cmputer. (划线提问)
___What’s_____ ____wrng_____ with yur cmputer?
2.Why dn't yu talk t yur parents? (改为同义句)
___Why______ _____nt______ talk t yur parents?
3.We dn’t g shpping. We watch TV at hme instead. (合并为一句)
We watch TV at hme ____instead____ _____f_____ ____ging_____ shpping.
4.These fans arrived early. They culd see their favrite stars. (合并一句)
These fans arrived early ____s______ ___that______ ____culd_____ see their favrite stars.
5.She des well in singing and dancing. (改为同义句)
She is ___gd_____ ____at_____ singing and dancing.
语法精讲
一、提建议的句型
一、常用提建议的句型
二、提建议句型的常用答语
【即学即用】
1.—Yu ___A___ write him a letter t say yu are srry fr it.
—I’m nt gd at writing letters. I want t talk abut it _______ the phne.
culd; n B. shuld; in C. can; ver D. must; by
2.—My English is pr.Culd yu help me with it?
—___C___.
A.Thank yu B.Me,t C.N prblem D.See yu
3.—Why dn’t yu stp t have a rest?
—___A___.
A.That’s a gd idea B.That’s all right C.Yes,I d D.That’s fr sure
4.It’s getting dark. Yu’d better ___A___ ut by yurself. It’s dangerus.
A.nt g B.nt t g C.t g D.g
5.Why dn’t yu ___B___ earlier t catch the early bus?
A.getting up B.get up C.gets up D.gt up
二、until、althugh与s that引导的状语从句
一、语法概述
在复合句中，用作状语的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据状语从句表达的意思可分为时间、原因、条件、目的、结果和让步等类型。本单元主要学习until、althugh与s that引导的状语从句。
二、until引导的时间状语从句
肯定句中
表示“直到……为止”
主句谓语动词用延续性动词
否定句中
表示“直到……才……”
主句谓语动词用非延续性动词
Eg.I have t stay here until the rain stps. 我不得不待在这儿，直到雨停。
Cathy didn’t g hme until the rain stpped. 直到雨停了，凯茜才回家。
三、althugh引导的让步状语从句
althugh引导的让步状语从句一般翻译为“ 虽然；尽管 ”，一般情况下，althugh与thugh可以互换，但两者都不能与 but 同时出现在一个句子中，但可以和yet/still同时出现。
Eg.Althugh she’s very weak, she wrks very hard. 她尽管身体很弱，但是工作很努力。
四、s that引导的目的状语从句
s that表示“ 以便；为了 ”，从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词can/culd/may/might等连用。
Eg.He shuld talk t his friend s that he can say he’s srry. 他应该跟他的朋友谈谈，以便能向其道歉。
【拓展延伸】s that +从句 = in rder that +从句= in rder t + d
语法小测
一、单项选择
1.They went t the playgrund and practiced running ___B___ they culd win the race.
A. until B. s that C. as sn as D. unless
2.—Wuld yu like smething t eat?
— ___B___. I'm hungry.
A. Yes, I can B. Yes, please C. N, thanks D. N, I dn't like it
3.—Jim, yu shuldn't argue with yur friend. Yu are really best friends.
—___B___ Thanks fr yur advice.
A. Really? B. Yu're right. C. Why? D. Sunds great.
4.Sme peple wn’t realize the imprtance f their friendship ___C___ they lse it.
A.after B.when C.until D.as
5.Yu shuld study hard ___C___ yu can make prgress in study.
A.in rder t B.as sn as C.s that D.such as
6. He didn’t walk slwly ___C___ he was sure nbdy was fllwing him.
A.and B.since C.until D.but
7.This little by can speak English ___D___ he is nly eight years ld.
A.if B.s C.because D.althugh
8.—I feel stressed frm time t time. Culd yu give me sme advice?
—___B___ sharing yur wrries with yur parents?
A. Why dn't yu B. Hw abut C. Why nt D. Wuld yu like
9.—It's nearly lunchtime. Hw abut having sme ndles and dumplings?
—___D___.
A.Yu're welcme B.That's all right C. That's nice f yu D.That sunds gd
10.Yu culd climb the muntains ___B___ yu can keep healthy.
A. until B. s that C. as sn as D. in rder t
11.—Jim, let's g ut t play basketball.
—Oh, I wn't d that ___B___ I finish my hmewrk.
A. if B. until C. because D. althugh
12.—Why nt hld a Chinese Petry Cmpetitin t welcme ur schl's 70th birthday?
—___C___ Let's make a plan tgether in ur grup.
A. That's all right. B. Yes, please. C. Gd idea. D. Never mind.
13.—Mm,shall we have supper nw?
—Oh,we wn’t have supper ___A___ yur dad cmes back.
A.until B.when C.after D.althugh
14.—Why nt ___A___ Jhn a ty car fr his birthday?
—Gd idea! He is crazy abut cars.
A.buy B. buying C.t buy D. buys
15.(山东滨州中考)—I think I am the shyest in my class.What shuld I d?
—Be mre active in class ___A___ yu can imprve yur ability t express yurself.
A.s that B.unless C.r D.althugh
二、语法填空
Wrking n a team is imprtant. Hwever,if peple n yur team are nt gd at 1.cmmunicating (cmmunicate), yu may ften feel terrible. T create a successful team, gd cmmunicatin is the mst necessary part fr bth the leader(领导) and team members. The fllwing are sme 2. helpful (help) suggestins.
Listen t ther peple actively.
When smene is speaking t yu, yu shuld listen t him/her actively. 3. If yu're nt sure abut smething, yu shuld ask him/her abut it. In this way, yu can get yur answer 4. t any questin befre mving n.
Think abut ther peple's ideas carefully.
When smene tells yu abut his/her ideas, yu shuld think abut them carefully. This shws yu are
5. interested (interest) in his/her ideas and makes him/her feel gd.
Share yur ideas with ther peple.
When yu have a new idea, talk abut 6. it with yur team members. This helps t get better ideas. Besides this, it als helps t imprve the relatins 7. between yu and yur team members.
8. Dn’t (nt) criticize(批评) ther peple.
When smene n yur team des smething wrng, dn't criticize him/her. Yu can help him/her t find ut 9. reasns (reasn) and then help him/her t deal with the prblem. Criticizing yur team members t ften makes them 10. keep (keep) away frm yu. As a result, yu may feel lnely.
三、书面表达
亲爱的同学，你生活中有烦恼，学习有压力吗？ 那我们应该如何正确面对烦恼，有效缓解心理压力呢？ 请根据提示以“Hw t Slve Our Stress”为题写一篇短文。
提示：1. 积极参加体育锻炼，有一个健康的身体。
2. 多与老师、家长和朋友交谈，说出自己的烦恼。
3. 多听音乐，多看书。
4. 尽自己最大努力学习，勇敢面对自己的成绩。
5. 如果经常感觉压力太大，可以去看医生。
要求：80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；语言表述准确规范，语句通顺连贯；提示内容必须用完。
Hw t Slve Our Stress
We all have sme prblems and stress in ur lives. Hw shuld we slve them?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Hw t Slve Our Stress
We all have sme prblems and stress in ur lives. Hw shuld we slve them?
Firstly, we shuld take mre exercise. Sprts can help us t have a healthier bdy and study better. Secndly, we need t talk with ur teachers, parents and friends and try t tell them ur truble. They may give us sme useful advice. Thirdly, we can als listen t music and read bks. They’re gd ways t relax urselves. Furthly, we shuld try ur best t study hard and learn t face ur grades bravely. Last but nt least, if we ften have t much stress, we’d better see a dctr.
单词
用法
图解助记
elder
只修饰人，用来比较年龄大小，尤指兄弟姐妹的长幼关系；在句中，通常只用作定语
lder
是ld的比较级形式，修饰人时，指实际年龄“较大的”；修饰物时，意为“较旧的”；在句中，可作定语或表语
单词
词性
用法
instead
副词
意为“代替；反而；却”，用来修饰整个句子，位于句末，也可位于句首
instead f
副词短语
意为“代替；而不是”，后面可以接名词、代词或者动词-ing
单词
含义
固定搭配
ffer
主动提出；自愿给予
ffer t d sth. “主动提出做某事”
ffer sb. sth = ffer sth. t sb. “为某人提供某物”
prvide
提供；供应
prvide sb. with sth. = prvide sth. fr sb.“为某人提供某物”
单词
含义
用法
固定搭配
leave
“遗留；落下”
表示把什么东西落在什么地方了，侧重于说明地点
leave sth. +地点状语 “把某物落在某地”
frget
“忘记”
表示忘记做什么事情，不强调地点状语
frget t d sth. “忘记做某事”（未做）
frget ding sth. “忘记做过某事”（已做）
用法
含义
图解助记
be afraid f (ding) sth.
害怕（做）某事/某物
be afraid t d sth.
害怕/不敢做某事
be afraid + that从句
恐怕……，that可省略
固定搭配
用法
图解助记
cntinue ding sth.
表示“继续做（某事）”，表示继续做同一件事情
cntinue t d sth.
表示“继续做（某事）”，表示继续做与目前所做的事情不同的另一件事情
固定搭配
用法
图解助记
cmpare ... with ...
表示“把……与……比较”，常用于同类事物之间的比较，侧重区分
cmpare ... t ...
表示“把……比作……”，常用于异类事物之间的比较或比喻，侧重相同点或相似点
也可表示“把……与……比较”，此时可与cmpare ... with ...互换
【参考答案】ADCEB
A. Here are sme rules.
B. S dn't take it as implite.
C.Shw respect fr the culture.
D. A little knwledge can be helpful
E. D nt treat ther peple as if they are silly.
F.D yu think yu can cmmunicate with n wrds?
G.Peple can cmmunicate in many ways withut wrds.
句型结构
含义
示例
Why dn’t yu + d ?
= Why nt d sth.?
你（们）为什么不……呢?
Why dn’t we write t pen friend?
Why nt jin an English club?
Hw/What abut + ding ?
……怎么样?
What/Hw abut watching English mvies?
Let’s + d .
让我们……吧.
Let’s g swimming this afternn.
We/Yu shuld/culd + d .
我们/你（们）应该/可以……
We shuld get up earlier.
Wuld yu mind + ding ?
你介意……吗?
Wuld yu mind speaking in a lw vice?
Wuld/Culd yu please + d ?
请你……好吗?
Wuld yu please turn dwn the radi?
had better（nt）d sth.
最好（不要）做某事
We’d better speak English as much as pssible.
Wuld yu like + t d sth.?
你（们）想要……吗?
Wuld yu like t g ut fr a walk?
肯定回答
否定回答
Gd idea./That’s a gd idea.好主意。
OK./All right./Great.好/行/太好了。
N prblem.没问题。
I agree with yu.我同意你的看法。
Sure./Of curse./Certainly./I’d lve t./I’d like yu.当然可以/我愿意。
I’d lve/like t, but...我愿意，但是……
Srry, I can’t./Srry, but...
对不起，我不能/对不起，可是……
I dn’t think s.我不这样认为。
I’m afraid nt.恐怕不行。