2024-2025学年浙江省宁波市奉化区高二上学期期末联考英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2024-2025学年浙江省宁波市奉化区高二上学期期末联考英语试卷（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，5 hurs等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Chice f Walks fr Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlw Autumn Walking Festival is a great pprtunity fr the beginner, experienced r advanced walker t enjy the challenges f Carlw’s muntain hikes r the peace f its wdland walks.
Walk 1 — The Natural Wrld
With envirnmentalist Éanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk prmises t be an infrmative tur. Walkers are sure t learn lts abut the habitats and natural wrld f the Blackstairs.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st Octber, at 09: 00
Start Pint: Scrates Bridge
Walk Duratin: 6 hurs
Walk 2 — Intrductin t Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passin fr making the great utdrs accessible t all. This muntain walk prvides an insight int the skills required fr hillwalking t ensure yu get the mst frm future walking trips.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd Octber, at 09: 00
Start Pint: Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duratin: 5 hurs
Walk 3 — Mnlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way t step ut f yur cmfrt zne. Breathtaking views f the lwlands f Carlw can be enjyed in the presence f welcming guides frm lcal walking clubs. A trch (手电筒) alng with suitable clthing is essential fr walking in the dark. Thse wh are dressed inapprpriately will be refused permissin t participate.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st Octber, at 18: 30
Start Pint: The Twn Hall
Walk Duratin: 3 hurs
Walk 4 — Phtgraphic Walk in Kilbrannish Frest
This infrmative walk led by Richard Smyth intrduces yu t the basic principles f phtgraphy in the wild. Bring alng yur camera and enjy the wnderful views alng this well-surfaced frest path.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd Octber, at 11: 45
Start Pint: Kilbrannish Frest Recreatin Area
Walk Duratin: 1.5 hurs
1. Which walk takes the shrtest time?
A. The Natural Wrld.B. Intrductin t Hillwalking.
C. Mnlight Under the Stars.D. Phtgraphic Walk in Kilbrannish Frest.
2. What are participants in Walk 3 required t d?
A. Jin a walking club.B. Bring a survival guide.
C. Wear prper clthes.D. Get special permits.
3. What d the fur walks have in cmmn?
A. They are fr experienced walkers.B. They are scheduled fr the weekend.
C. They share the same start pint.D. They invlve difficult climbing.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案，及其日期、起点和步行时间等相关细节。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部分“Walk Duratin: 6 hurs(步行时间：6小时)”；第二部分“步行时间：5小时(Walk Duratin: 5 hurs)”；第三部分“Walk Duratin: 3 hurs(步行时间：3小时)”以及最后一部分“Walk Duratin: 1.5 hurs(步行时间：1.5小时)”可知，Phtgraphic Walk in Kilbrannish Frest时间最短。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Walk 3 — Mnlight Under the Stars (步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的“Thse wh are dressed inapprpriately will be refused permissin t participate.(穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加)”可知，第三种步行方案的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据四种步行方案中的“Date and Time (日期和时间)”部分比较可知，这四种方案都被安排在周末。故选B。
B
Mst f us take the task f buying a cup f cffee fr granted, as it seems simple enugh. Hwever, we have n idea just hw stressful tasks like this can be fr peple wh suffer frm disabilities. That’s why it’s s heart-warming t see a stry like this in which a barista (咖啡师) des smething small t make life a little easier fr smene wh is deaf.
Ibby Piracha lst his hearing when he was nly tw years ld, and he nw ges t his lcal cafe in Leesburg, Virginia t rder a cup f cffee at least three times a week. Thugh all the baristas wh wrk there have his rder memrized, Ibby always write his rder n his phne and shws it t the barista.
One day, hwever, ne f the baristas did smething that changed everything! After Ibby rdered his cffee, he was amazed when barista Krystal pane handed him a nte in respnse. “I’ve been learning sign language just s yu can have the same experience as everyne else,” the nte read. Krystal then asked Ibby in sign language what he wuld like t rder.
Ibby was tuched that she wuld learn sign language just t help him feel welcme. “I was just s mved that she actually wanted t learn sign language. It is really a ttally different language and it was smething that she wanted t d because f me. Because I was a deaf custmer. I was very, very impressed,” Ibby said.
Krystal had spent hurs watching teaching vides s that she culd learn enugh sign language t give Ibby the best custmer service that she culd! “My jb is t make sure peple have the experience they expect and that’s what I gave him,” Krystal says.
Ibby psted a pht f Krystal’s nte nline, and it quickly went viral, getting hundreds f likes and cmments that praised Krystal fr her kind actin.
4. What can we learn abut Ibby Piracha frm paragraph 2?
A. He was brn deaf.B. He lives a hard life.
C. He lves t rder take-ut fd.D. He visits the cafe regularly.
5. Why did Krystal learn sign language?
A. T serve Ibby better.B. T attract mre custmers.
C. T give Ibby a big surprise.D. T make herself mre ppular.
6. Which f the fllwing can best describe Krystal?
A. Kind and cnsiderate.B. Hnest and respnsible.
C. Sciable and humrus.D. Ambitius and sensitive.
7. What message des the authr want t cnvey in the text?
A. Tw heads are better than ne.B. A small act makes a difference.
C. One gd turn deserves anther.D. Actins speak luder than wrds.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是Ibby的故事，Ibby是个聋哑人，他在买咖啡的时候遇到了一位服务员Krystal，Krystal告诉他，她正在学习手语，希望能够让Ibby拥有和其他人同样的购物体验。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Ibby Piracha lst his hearing when he was nly tw years ld, and he nw ges t his lcal cafe in Leesburg, Virginia t rder a cup f cffee at least three times a week.(Ibby Piracha两岁时失聪，现在他每周至少三次去弗吉尼亚州利斯堡当地的咖啡馆点一杯咖啡。)”可知，Ibby Piracha经常去一家咖啡馆。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“After Ibby rdered his cffee, he was amazed when barista Krystal pane handed him a nte in respnse. “I’ve been learning sign language just s yu can have the same experience as everyne else,” the nte read. Krystal then asked Ibby in sign language what he wuld like t rder.(在Ibby点了咖啡后，他惊讶地看到咖啡师Krystal Pane递给他一张纸条作为回应。纸条上写道：“我一直在学习手语，这样你就能和其他人有同样的体验。”然后Krystal用手语问Ibby他想点什么。)”可知，Krystal学习手语是为了更好地为Ibby服务，让他能和其他人有同样的体验。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“After Ibby rdered his cffee, he was amazed when barista Krystal pane handed him a nte in respnse. “I’ve been learning sign language just s yu can have the same experience as everyne else,” the nte read. Krystal then asked Ibby in sign language what he wuld like t rder.(在Ibby点了咖啡后，他惊讶地看到咖啡师Krystal Pane递给他一张纸条作为回应。纸条上写道：“我一直在学习手语，这样你就能和其他人有同样的体验。”然后Krystal用手语问Ibby他想点什么。)”以及最后一段“Ibby psted a pht f Krystal’s nte nline, and it quickly went viral, getting hundreds f likes and cmments that praised Krystal fr her kind actin.( Ibby在网上发布了克里斯托纸条的照片，并迅速走红，得到了数百个赞和评论，称赞krystal的善举。)”可知，Krystal之所以学习手语是为了让Ibby能和其他人有同样的体验，而人们也为她的善举点赞。所以可推测Krystal是个心地善良而又善解人意的人。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“That’s why it’s s heart-warming t see a stry like this in which a barista (咖啡师) des smething small t make life a little easier fr smene wh is deaf.(这就是为什么看到这样一个咖啡师做了一件小事让聋哑人的生活变得更轻松的故事是如此温暖人心。)”以及文章第四段“Ibby was tuched that she wuld learn sign language just t help him feel welcme. “I was just s mved that she actually wanted t learn sign language. It is really a ttally different language and it was smething that she wanted t d because f me. Because I was a deaf custmer. I was very, very impressed,” Ibby said.( Ibby很感动，她会学习手语，只是为了让他感到受欢迎。“我很感动，她真的想学手语。这真的是一种完全不同的语言，她想做这件事是因为我。因为我是个聋子顾客。我非常非常印象深刻，” Ibby说。)”可知，文章主要想表达的是一个小举动却让Ibby印象深刻，并让他心里充满温暖。故选B。
C
Laughter cmes in many frms, frm a plite chuckle t an infectius hwl f amusement. Scientists are nw develping an AI system that can cpy varius frms f laughter accurately. The team behind the laughing rbt, Erica, say that the system culd imprve natural cnversatins between peple and AI systems.
Dr. Kji Inue, lead authr f the research frm Kyt University, highlights empathy (共情) as a crucial aspect f cnversatinal AI, suggesting laughter sharing as a means fr rbts t cnnect with users. T achieve this, Inue and his team gathered data frm ver 80 speed-dating dialgues between male students and Erica, initially perated by amateur actrs.
Dialgue data labeled fr individual, scial, and jyful laughter was used t train an AI system t identify and prduce fitting laughter respnses. Based n the audi files, the algrithm (算法) learned their subtle differences, aiming t imitate scial laughs subtly and hearty laughs empathetically.
“Our biggest challenge in this wrk was identifying the actual cases f shared laughter,” explained Inue, emphasizing the need fr careful categrizatin. Erica’s “sense f humr” was tested with fur dialgues, integrating the new shared-laughter algrithm. These were cmpared t cases where Erica didn’t laugh r emitted scial laughs upn detecting laughter.
The clips were played t 130 vlunteers wh rated the shared-laughter algrithm highly fr empathy and naturalness. The team believed laughter culd imbue rbts with unique character traits, including cnversatinal behavirs like laughter, eye gaze, gestures, and speaking style. Hwever, Inue acknwledged it culd take ver 20 years t have a “casual chat with a rbt like we wuld with a friend.”
Prfessr Sandra Wachter, f the Oxfrd Internet Institute at the University f Oxfrd, said, “One f the things I’d keep in mind is that a rbt r algrithm will never be able t understand yu. It desn’t understand the meaning f laughter. They fail t feel, but they might get very gd at making yu believe they understand what’s ging n.”
8. Why d scientists develp the AI system that can cpy varius frms f laughter?
A. T make rbts sund mre human-like.
B. T help rbts understand human emtins better.
C. T enable rbts t have a sense f humr like humans.
D. T enhance the emtinal interactin between peple and AI systems.
9. What was the challenge Inue faced while wrking n this prject?
A. Creating an algrithm that can genuinely feel amusement.
B. Identifying the situatins where laughter is truly understd.
C. Distinguishing between different types f laughter accurately.
D. Cllecting sufficient data fr training the machine learning system.
10. What des the underlined wrd “imbue” mean in Paragraph 5?
A. Equip.B. Inspire.C. Engage.D. Influence.
11. What is Prfessr Sandra Wachter’s view n laughing rbts?
A. They are nt capable f capturing human laughter.
B. They can imitate laughter but lack thrugh cmprehensin.
C. It is pssible fr them t play tricks n humans ccasinally.
D. It will take lng befre humans have cmfrtable cnversatins with them.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家正在研究的一款可以笑的机器人。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“The team behind the laughing rbt, Erica, say that the system culd imprve natural cnversatins between peple and AI systems.(大笑机器人背后的团队Erica表示，该系统可以改善人与人工智能系统之间的自然对话。)”可知，科学家开发了一种可以复制各种笑声的人工智能系统，以增强人与人工智能系统之间的情感互动。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“‘Our biggest challenge in this wrk was identifying the actual cases f shared laughter,’ explained Inue, emphasizing the need fr careful categrizatin.(Inue解释道：“我们在这项工作中最大的挑战是识别共同大笑的实际案例。”他强调了仔细分类的必要性。)”以及“Erica’s ‘sense f humr’ was tested with fur dialgues, integrating the new shared-laughter algrithm. These were cmpared t cases where Erica didn’t laugh r emitted scial laughs upn detecting laughter.(Erica的‘幽默感’通过四个对话进行了测试，整合了新的共享笑声算法。将这些与Erica在检测到笑声时不笑或发出社交笑声的情况进行了比较。)”可知，Inue在这个项目中面临的挑战是确定笑声的情况是否真正理解。故选B项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第五段“The clips were played t 130 vlunteers wh rated the shared-laughter algrithm highly fr empathy and naturalness. The team believed laughter culd imbue rbts with unique character traits, including cnversatinal behavirs like laughter, eye gaze, gestures, and speaking style. (这些片段被播放给了130名志愿者，他们对共享笑声算法的同理心和自然度给予了高度评价。研究小组认为，笑声可以imbue机器人独特的性格特征，包括大笑、眼神凝视、手势和说话风格等对话行为。)”可推测，这里表示笑声可以赋予机器人独特的性格特征，所以猜测imbue表“使……具备”的意思。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“One f the things I’d keep in mind is that a rbt r algrithm will never be able t understand yu. It desn’t understand the meaning f laughter. They fail t feel, but they might get very gd at making yu believe they understand what’s ging n.(我要记住的一件事是，机器人或算法永远无法理解你。它不理解笑的含义。他们没有感觉，但他们可能会非常善于让你相信他们了解发生了什么。)”可知，Sandra Wachter认为会笑的机器人可以模仿笑声，但缺乏全面的理解能力。故选B项。
D
Studies have shwn the mere expsure effect, als referred t as the familiarity principle, inspires ur decisins. It is a helpful psychlgical mechanism (机制) that helps us maintain ur energy and fcus ur attentin n ther things. Getting used t new things takes effrt and it can be tiring. S unless we have a terrible experience, we are likely t buy frm cmpanies we’ve gt used t. That is why cmpanies spend s much mney n advertising and marketing and why insurance cmpanies penly charge existing custmers mre than new nes.
It’s nt the case that we nly desire things we already knw. Sme studies suggest when invited t share ur preferences, we smetimes see less familiar chices as mre desirable. But when acting n that preference, we fall back t what we knw. This might explain why smetimes the things we want and the things we d dn’t quite match up. We might even return t cmpanies that treated us prly in the past r stay in bad relatinships.
It’s easy t paint the familiarity principle as an enemy r smething t battle as if it is smething that hlds us back frm living ur dreams. But this attitude might be verwhelming because it tends t encurage us tward big-picture thinking. Where we imagine that change requires a substantial dramatic (巨大而突然的) swing that we dn’t feel ready fr. Sme articles suggest the slutin t familiarity frustratin is cmplete expsure t nvelty (新奇的事物). While this can appear effective in the shrt run, we may nly end up replacing ne prblem with anther. It als risks verwhelm and burnut.
S what if we can wrk with the familiarity principle instead? Familiarity is smething we can learn t play with and enjy. It is a setting fr creativity and a pathway t expansin. We can braden the zne f familiarity bit by bit. If we think f familiarity as smething that can expand, we can cnsider changing the cnditins in and arund ur lies t make mre space fr ur preferences t take rt and grw gently. Frm here, we will start t make decisins, drawing frm an ever-deepening pl f valuable alternatives.
12. What allws insurance cmpanies t charge ld custmers mre?
A. The familiarity principle.B. The advertising cst.
C. The imprved service.D. The law f the market.
13. What can be learned frm paragraph 2?
A. Our preferences affect ur decisins.
B. There can be a mismatch between desires and actins.
C. The familiarity principle is a duble-edged swrd.
D. Familiarity tends t generate disrespect.
14. What is the authr’s attitude twards the slutin in sme articles?
A. Objective.B. Favrable.C. Disapprving.D. Tlerant.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Gently Expand Yur Familiarity ZneB. Step Out Of Yur Familiarity Zne
C. Spare A Thught Fr Yur PreferenceD. Give Pririty T The Mere Expsure Effect
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了熟悉性原则对我们决策的影响，并提出了一种平衡的观点来看待这个原则，而不是将其视为阻碍，作者建议我们可以通过逐步扩展熟悉区域来利用这一原则来促进创造性和成长。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Studies have shwn the mere expsure effect, als referred t as the familiarity principle, inspires ur decisins. It is a helpful psychlgical mechanism (机制) that helps us maintain ur energy and fcus ur attentin n ther things. Getting used t new things takes effrt and it can be tiring. S unless we have a terrible experience, we are likely t buy frm cmpanies we’ve gt used t. That is why cmpanies spend s much mney n advertising and marketing and why insurance cmpanies penly charge existing custmers mre than new nes.(研究表明，单纯的暴露效应，也被称为熟悉原则，会激发我们的决定。这是一种有益的心理机制，可以帮助我们保持精力充沛，把注意力集中在其他事情上。习惯新事物需要努力，而且可能会很累。因此，除非我们有糟糕的经历，否则我们很可能会从我们已经习惯的公司购买股票。这就是为什么公司在广告和营销上花那么多钱，为什么保险公司公开向现有客户收取比新客户更高的费用)”可知，熟悉原则让保险公司向老客户收取更多费用。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s nt the case that we nly desire things we already knw. Sme studies suggest when invited t share ur preferences, we smetimes see less familiar chices as mre desirable. But when acting n that preference, we fall back t what we knw. This might explain why smetimes the things we want and the things we d dn’t quite match up. We might even return t cmpanies that treated us prly in the past r stay in bad relatinships.(这并不是说我们只想要已知的东西。一些研究表明，当被邀请分享我们的偏好时，我们有时会认为不太熟悉的选择更可取。但当我们按照这种偏好行事时，我们又回到了我们所知道的。这也许可以解释为什么有时候我们想要的和我们做的并不完全匹配。我们甚至可能回到过去对我们不好的公司，或者保持糟糕的关系)”可知，本段解释了为什么有时候我们想要的和我们做的并不完全匹配，也就是说有时候我们的欲望和行动可能不匹配。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“While this can appear effective in the shrt run, we may nly end up replacing ne prblem with anther. It als risks verwhelm and burnut.(虽然这在短期内看起来是有效的，但我们最终可能只是用一个问题代替另一个问题。它也有让人不堪重负和精疲力竭的风险。)”可知，这段话表明作者对文章中提出的解决方案持反对态度，认为这种解决方案可能只是暂时有效，而且可能带来新的问题和风险。因此，作者的态度是反对的。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Studies have shwn the mere expsure effect, als referred t as the familiarity principle, inspires ur decisins. It is a helpful psychlgical mechanism (机制) that helps us maintain ur energy and fcus ur attentin n ther things. Getting used t new things takes effrt and it can be tiring.(研究表明，单纯的暴露效应，也被称为熟悉原则，会激发我们的决定。这是一种有益的心理机制，可以帮助我们保持精力充沛，把注意力集中在其他事情上。习惯新事物需要努力，而且可能会很累)”以及最后一段“We can braden the zne f familiarity bit by bit. If we think f familiarity as smething that can expand, we can cnsider changing the cnditins in and arund ur lies t make mre space fr ur preferences t take rt and grw gently. Frm here, we will start t make decisins, drawing frm an ever-deepening pl f valuable alternatives.(我们可以一点一点地扩大熟悉的范围。如果我们认为熟悉是一种可以扩展的东西，我们可以考虑改变我们谎言内部和周围的条件，为我们的偏好提供更多的空间，让它生根发芽。从这里开始，我们将开始从不断加深的有价值的选择中做出决定)”可知，文章主要讨论了熟悉性原则对我们决策的影响，以及如何利用这一原则进行创新和拓展。文章强调了我们可以逐步扩大熟悉的范围，通过改变生活中的条件，为我们的偏好提供更多的空间，使其能够生根并温和地成长。因此，选项A“慢慢扩大你的熟悉范围”最能概括文章的主题。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Living with ther peple can be tugh, especially when each persn cmes frm a different backgrund and has their wn ideas abut hw they want t live. Thugh having a rmmate can be challenging at times, it can als be enjyable and fun. ___16___
Yu can discuss yur expectatins ahead f time. Get tgether befre r n the first day yu mve in tgether and talk abut what each f yu needs and wants frm the ther. ___17___ This applies t finances, fd, clthes, pssessins, use f cmmn areas and s n.
Yu shuld agree t respect each ther’s privacy. This is especially significant. ___18___ Fr instance, yu may nt mind if yur rmmate cmes int yur rm unannunced, but they might find yu t be very rude fr ding s. Yu shuld talk abut these kinds f things s that yu knw what t expect frm each ther.
___19___ Say hell and gdbye, ask them hw their day was, and shw interest in their life. Getting t knw the persn yu live with helps yu understand their perspective, and allws them t understand yurs. It als makes it easier t deal with prblems that yu have with that persn if yu’ve already develped a harmnius relatinship with them.
Yu can als be cnsiderate f yur rmmate in yur life. Understand what’s ging n in yur rmmate’s life. Yu shuld aim t be flexible and accmmdating. Yur rmmate may have a big test cming up. ___20___ If yur rmmate is busy and stressed with their jb, give them sme time and space t relax and unwind.
A. Yu can spend time with yur rmmate.
B. Yu can discuss each f yur preferences fr privacy.
C. This is yur best chance t set bundaries with yur rmmate.
D. Make sure that everyne is clear n the rules and respnsibilities.
E. This is what yu shuld knw t respect yur rmmate’s privacy.
F. Then in this case yu shuld prbably be quiet and let them study.
G. The fllwing steps will help yu live in harmny with yur rmmate.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. F
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何与室友和谐相处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Thugh having a rmmate can be challenging at times, it can als be enjyable and fun.(虽然有室友有时会很有挑战性，但它也可以是愉快和有趣的)”提出与室友同住会带来挑战，但也可以愉快和有趣，下文四个段落分别给出与室友愉快相处的方法：“Yu can discuss yur expectatins ahead f time.(你可以提前讨论你的期望)”、“Yu shuld agree t respect each ther’s privacy.(你们应该同意尊重彼此的隐私)”和“Yu can als be cnsiderate f yur rmmate in yur life.(你也可以在生活中体谅你的室友)”，所以G项“The fllwing steps will help yu live in harmny with yur rmmate.(以下步骤将帮助你与室友和谐相处)”承上启下，是最佳过渡句。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Yu can discuss yur expectatins ahead f time. Get tgether befre r n the first day yu mve in tgether and talk abut what each f yu needs and wants frm the ther.(你可以提前讨论你的期望。在你们搬到一起之前或第一天就聚在一起，谈谈你们彼此需要什么，想从对方那里得到什么)”和下文“This applies t finances, fd, clthes, pssessins, use f cmmn areas and s n.(这适用于财务、食物、衣服、财产、公共区域的使用等等)”可知，本段建议要弄清楚彼此的需求和期望，要在财务、食物、衣服、财产、公共区域的使用等方面达成一致，即要先明确规则和各自的职责，D项“Make sure that everyne is clear n the rules and respnsibilities.(确保每个人都清楚规则和责任)”与本段主题一致，衔接自然。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Fr instance, yu may nt mind if yur rmmate cmes int yur rm unannunced, but they might find yu t be very rude fr ding s. Yu shuld talk abut these kinds f things s that yu knw what t expect frm each ther.(例如，你可能不介意你的室友不请自来，但他们可能会觉得你这样做很粗鲁。你们应该谈谈这些事情，这样你们就知道对彼此有什么期待)”中“Fr instance”可知，下文是对上文的举例说明，是对B项“Yu can discuss each f yur preferences fr privacy.(你们可以讨论你们的隐私偏好)”中“discuss each f yur preferences fr privacy”的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Say hell and gdbye, ask them hw their day was, and shw interest in their life. Getting t knw the persn yu live with helps yu understand their perspective, and allws them t understand yurs. It als makes it easier t deal with prblems that yu have with that persn if yu’ve already develped a harmnius relatinship with them.(跟他们打招呼道别，问问他们今天过得怎么样，对他们的生活表现出兴趣。了解和你住在一起的人可以帮助你理解他们的观点，也可以让他们理解你的观点。如果你和那个人已经建立了和谐的关系，这也会让你更容易处理你和他之间的问题)”可知，本段建议要关心室友，要与室友建立和谐的关系，所以要花时间和室友在一起。A项“Yu can spend time with yur rmmate(你可以和室友呆在一起)”是本段的建议，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Yur rmmate may have a big test cming up.(你的室友可能马上就要考试了)”设定了室友要考试的情景，F项“Then in this case yu shuld prbably be quiet and let them study.(在这种情况下，你应该保持安静，让他们学习)”是作为室友的你应该做的事情：保持安静，让他们学习。同时照应主题“be cnsiderate f yur rmmate in yur life”。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My cat Bm was getting mre fleas (跳蚤). On clser ___21___, his skin was red and swllen (肿胀的). S, I called the vet’s ffice and made a(n) ___22___ t get Bm sme help.
That mrning, I started t get him int his carrier t take him t the vet. As with mst cats, this task usually tk a lt f time and effrt t ___23___. T my surprise, Bm didn’t ___24___ much resistance (抵抗). Initially, I linked this ___25___ directly t the severity f the flea-caused suffering. Lking back, I’d like t believe it all part f a bigger ___26___.
Upn arrival at the vet, the vet immediately examined him and ___27___ that he was allergic (过敏的) t the saliva (唾液) f flea bites. I was given sme medicine and all seemed right.
Suddenly, my phne ___28___ urgently (急切地) with an incming call, and t my shck, it was the plice n the line, ___29___ me f a fire at my huse. I hurried hme nly t see sme furniture ___30___ acrss the rm by the frce f an explsin (爆炸). A firefighter explained what he believed had happened, including the ___31___ f the event. It turned ut the fire started in ld wires. He was cnvinced that if I had been at hme, I’d have had little chance f ___32___.
His wrds ___33___ a surge f feelings within me. Accrding t the timeline the firefighter tld me, the fire started ___34___ after Bm and I went t the vet tgether. Had it nt been fr his rare cperatin, I’d have been trapped. And if he hadn’t had an allergy t flea bites, we wuldn’t have gne t the vet. S, I ___35___ my life t thse tiny, unwanted fleas.
21. A. attentinB. bservatinC. appreciatinD. cnsideratin
22. A. appintmentB. scheduleC. decisinD. difference
23. A. evaluateB. designC. accmpanyD. achieve
24. A. take upB. put upC. take nD. put n
25. A. cperatinB. fightC. struggleD. harmny
26. A. victryB. ambitinC. planD. trap
27. A. includedB. acceptedC. cmplainedD. cncluded
28. A. vibratedB. burstC. reprtedD. unlcked
29. A. accusingB. remindingC. infrmingD. warning
30. A. knckedB. liftedC. acceleratedD. blwn
31. A. intensityB. timelineC. cnsequenceD. impact
32. A. prmtinB. successC. survivalD. death
33. A. sparkedB. reducedC. cntainedD. weakened
34. A. cnstantlyB. accrdinglyC. lngD. shrtly
35. A. devtedB. sacrificedC. wedD. enhanced
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在的猫因为跳蚤皮肤红肿，于是作者带猫去看兽医，结果猫很配合。正当兽医做完检查后，作者接到电话说家里发生了火灾，消防员告诉作者如果当时在家，肯定无法生还。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：仔细观察，他的皮肤红肿。A. attentin注意力；B. bservatin观察；C. appreciatin感激；D. cnsideratin考虑。根据后文“his skin was red and swllen.”可知，作者经过仔细观察，发现猫皮肤红肿。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我打电话给兽医办公室，并做了一个预约，让Bm得到一些帮助。A. appintment约会，预约；B. schedule安排；C. decisin决定；D. difference差异。根据上文“I called the vet’s ffice”指预约兽医给猫看病。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：和大多数猫一样，这项任务通常需要花费大量的时间和精力来完成。A. evaluate评估；B. design设计；C. accmpany陪伴；D. achieve实现，完成。根据上文“That mrning, I started t get him int his carrier t take him t the vet.(那天早上，我开始把他放进他的笼子里，带他去看兽医)”指把猫放进笼子里的任务通常需要花费大量的时间和精力来完成。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，Bm并没有太大的反抗。A. take up从事；B. put up提供，展现；C. take n承担；D. put n穿上。根据后文“much resistance”指猫没有展现出太大的反抗，用put up。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初，我将这种合作直接与跳蚤造成的痛苦的严重程度联系起来。A. cperatin合作；B. fight战斗；C. struggle努力；D. harmny和谐。根据下文“Had it nt been fr his rare cperatin”可知，猫很配合作者就进了笼子，体现了一种合作。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我愿意相信这一切都是一个更大计划的一部分。A. victry胜利；B. ambitin抱负；C. plan计划；D. trap陷阱。根据上文“Lking back, I’d like t believe it all part f a bigger”，后文“Had it nt been fr his rare cperatin, I’d have been trapped. And if he hadn’t had an allergy t flea bites, we wuldn’t have gne t the vet.(要不是他难得的合作，我早就被困住了。如果他没有对跳蚤过敏，我们就不会去看兽医了)”可知，作者回想起来感到这一切都是一个更大计划的一部分。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一到兽医那里，兽医马上给它做了检查，结论是它对跳蚤咬过的唾液过敏。A. included包含；B. accepted接受；C. cmplained抱怨；D. cncluded下结论。根据后文“that he was allergic t the saliva f flea bites.”可知，经过检查，兽医给出结论猫对跳蚤咬过的唾液过敏。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我的手机因一个来电而紧急震动，令我震惊的是，是警察打来的电话，告诉我我家着火了。A. vibrated震动；B. burst爆发；C. reprted报告；D. unlcked解锁。根据上文“my phne”以及后文“urgently with an incming call”指因为来电话而电话震动，应用vibrate。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我的手机因一个来电而紧急震动，令我震惊的是，是警察打来的电话，告诉我我家着火了。A. accusing指责；B. reminding提醒；C. infrming通知；D. warning警告。根据后文“me f a fire at my huse”指电话里通知作者家里着火了。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我匆匆赶回家，却看到一些家具被爆炸的力量吹得满地都是。A. kncked敲；B. lifted举起；C. accelerated加速；D. blwn吹。根据后文“by the frce f an explsin”可知，家具被爆炸的力量吹得满地都是。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名消防员解释了他认为发生了什么，包括事件的时间。A. intensity强烈；B. timeline时间线；C. cnsequence结果；D. impact影响。根据后文“Accrding t the timeline the firefighter tld me”可知，消防员告知了作者事情发生的时间。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他确信如果我当时在家，我几乎没有机会活下来。A. prmtin晋升；B. success成功；C. survival生存；D. death死亡。根据上文“if I had been at hme, I’d have had little chance f”为虚拟语气，可知家中发生了爆炸，如果作者当时在家，几乎没有机会活下来。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的话激起了我内心的感情。A. sparked引发；B. reduced减少；C. cntained包含；D. weakened削弱。根据后文“a surge f feelings within me”可知，消防员的话激起了作者内心的感情。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：根据消防员告诉我的时间线，火灾发生在我和邦姆一起去看兽医后不久。A. cnstantly持续地；B. accrdingly相应地；C. lng长久地；D. shrtly不久。根据后文“Had it nt been fr his rare cperatin, I’d have been trapped. And if he hadn’t had an allergy t flea bites, we wuldn’t have gne t the vet.(要不是他难得的合作，我早就被困住了。如果他没有对跳蚤过敏，我们就不会去看兽医了)”可知，火灾发生在作者和猫去看兽医后不久。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我把我的生命归功于那些小小的、不受欢迎的跳蚤。A. devted投入；B. sacrificed牺牲；C. wed归功于；D. enhanced加强。根据上文“Had it nt been fr his rare cperatin, I’d have been trapped. And if he hadn’t had an allergy t flea bites, we wuldn’t have gne t the vet.(要不是他难得的合作，我早就被困住了。如果他没有对跳蚤过敏，我们就不会去看兽医了)”以及后文“my life t thse tiny, unwanted fleas”可知，作者把自己能够幸存生命归功于那些小小的、不受欢迎的跳蚤。故选C。
非选择题部分
第二节 语法填空（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bdy language is imprtant in ur interactins with ther peple. It gives us infrmatin abut their feelings.
Just like spken language, bdy language ___36___ (vary) frm culture t culture. It is crucial that we use bdy language in a way ___37___ is apprpriate t the culture we are in. Fr example, making eye cntact is a way t display interest in sme cuntries. In ther cuntries, by cntrast, eye cntact is nt always apprved ___38___.
The gesture fr “OK” has different meanings in different cuntries. In Japan, smene wh witnesses anther persn ___39___ (emply) the gesture might think it means mney. In France, the same gesture means zer. Even the gesture ___40___ (use) fr “yes” and “n” by us differ arund the wrld. In many cuntries, shaking ne’s head means “n”, and ndding means “yes”. By ___41___ (cmpare), in Bulgaria and ___42___ (suth) Albania, the gestures have the ppsite meaning.
Sme gestures seem t have the same meaning everywhere. ___43___ gd way f saying “I’m full” is mving yur hand in ___44___ (circle) arund yur stmach after a meal. Sme bdy language has many different uses. Perhaps the ____45____ (gd) example is smiling, which can help us greatly in many ways.
【答案】36. varies 37. that/which 38. f 39. emplying 40. used 41. cmparisn 42. suthern 43. A 44. circles 45. best
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出肢体语言在人际交往中很重要，且因文化而异，也提到有些手势的含义是通用的。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：就像口语一样，肢体语言因文化而异。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语bdy language是单数，vary“不同，呈现差异”应用第三人称单数形式。故填varies。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：重要的是，我们要以一种适合我们所处文化的方式使用肢体语言。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a way，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：相比之下，在其他国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可的。apprve f是固定短语，表示“赞成，认可”。故填f。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在日本，看到别人做这个手势的人可能会认为这是钱的意思。结合语境此处表示目睹另一个人正在使用这个手势，应用witness sb. ding sth.表示“目睹某人正在做某事”，用emply的现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填emplying。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：就连我们表示“是”和“不是”的手势在世界各地也不一样。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作the gesture的后置定语，use“使用”和the gesture逻辑上是被动关系，因此用use的过去分词形式。故填used。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：相比之下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部，这些手势的意思正好相反。by cmparisn是固定短语，意为“相比之下”。故填cmparisn。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：相比之下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部，这些手势的意思正好相反。空处作修饰Albania的定语，应用suth的形容词形式suthern，意为“南部的”。故填suthern。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：说“我吃饱了”的一个好方法是在饭后用手在肚子上转圈圈。空处表示泛指，意为“一个好方法”，应用不定冠词，且gd的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填A。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：说“我吃饱了”的一个好方法是在饭后用手在肚子上转圈圈。in circles是固定短语，表示“转圈，循环”。故填circles。
【45题详解】
考查最高级。句意：也许最好的例子是微笑，它可以在许多方面极大地帮助我们。空前有定冠词“the”，结合语境此处表示“最好的例子”，因此用gd的最高级best。故填best。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim所在的学校正在征集“智慧校园（Smart Schl）”方案。他打算参与这项活动，来信询问你对该方案的建议。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1. 你的建议；
2. 说明理由。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
I’m thrilled t receive yur letter and eager t share with yu my ideas fr a smart schl plan.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
I’m thrilled t receive yur letter and eager t share with yu my ideas fr a smart schl plan.
Yu may cnsider prpsing a digital smart canteen system which enables students t rder their desired dishes and select their pick-up time in advance.
This innvative methd can help students save time during lunch, allwing them t cllect their chsen meals at their cnvenience. Mrever, schl kitchen staff can mnitr fd cnsumptin accurately and adjust meal preparatins based n actual rders s as t cut dwn n fd waste.
I hpe my suggestins can be f help t yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇 完整的短文。
In ur weekly staff meeting, ur editr Ashley was nt pleased with the quality f ur reprting. “Our readership is way dwn. We need better stries fr this Thursday’s schl newspaper. Des anybdy have any ideas?” she said.
I handed her my article abut ur basketball team beating Deerfield High Schl the previus night by ne pint. “Sprts stries are fun,” she said, “but nt gd enugh fr the frnt page. We need smething t really get peple ‘s attentin.”
After ur meeting, we left the newsrm tgether and heard smene screaming, “Perry is missing!” Perry was a big red parrt and had been ur schl masct (吉祥物) fr ten years. He played an imprtant rle in students’ lives, bth in and ut f class. He had als been a cnstant presence at schl events, inspiring a sense f unity amng students.
Everyne gathered arund Perry’s empty cage, heartbrken. Suddenly, a student frm the crwd came ver and shwed me a pht. “Yu’re a reprter fr the schl paper, right? I happened t take this yesterday,” he said. In the pht was a Deerfield High Schl basketball player with smething large hidden under his shirt arund the size f a parrt.
“He must have stlen Perry t get back at us fr winning the game!” Ashley cried. We hurried back t the newsrm, agreeing t run the pht n the frnt page with the headline “Deerfeld Stle Perry.” “This is just the stry we need. Everyne will read it,” Ashley said cnfidently.
After she left, I tk a clser lk at the pht. The clck in the backgrund read 4:15 pm, but ur game against Deerfield hadn’t started until 4:30 pm. Why wuld the by have taken Perry befre we even played? An uneasy feeling came ver me that we might have falsely accused smene.
I went t Perry’s usual caretaker t ask if he knew Perry was missing. ”He’s nt missing. He’s retired. He’s ready fr sme quieter days,“ he said. Learning the truth, I immediately tld Ashley and suggested writing a stry t say gdbye t Perry.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
T my surprise, Ashley insisted n reprting the “Deerfield Stle Perry” stry.
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On Thursday, the paper came ut with the headline “Bye-Bye, Perry” n the frnt page.
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【参考范文】
T my surprise, Ashley insisted n reprting the “Deerfield Stle Perry” stry. “This is the very stry we need t attract mre readers,” she argued. T cnvince her, I defended that if we wrte this article, we wuld be telling a lie. Nticing her hesitant expressin, I further explained the ptential harm it wuld cause t the player and ur, paper ‘s reputatin. After sme discussin, Ashley finally gave in, “OK, let’s try with real stries.“ Then I went t gather all the necessary infrmatin t write an article abut Perry and the precius memries we shared ver the years.
On Thursday, the paper came ut with the headline “Bye-Bye, Perry” n the frnt page. Sn, it sparked heated discussins amng students abut Perry. Many were disappinted with Perry’s sudden departure, but were cmfrted by the fact that he was in gd care. The stry als evked sweet memries f Perry. Sme students even requested t share their stries f him in ur paper! Seeing the stry’s success, Ashley came t me and said sincerely, “Yu are right! It’s a gd stry.” Her wrds brught me a great sense f fulfillment. Indeed, true stries might nt always draw attentin, but they have the pwer t tuch and cnnect.