2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题一阅读理解第二讲推理判断题__依文推理定选项

这是一份2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题一阅读理解第二讲推理判断题__依文推理定选项，共31页。试卷主要包含了题型特点需了解，方法技巧要知晓等内容，欢迎下载使用。
[题型分析]
推理判断题考查考生推理和判断的能力，以及深层次的阅读理解能力。主要考查隐含推断题、观点态度题、写作意图题、文章出处题、文章类型题、读者对象题等。在进行推断时，要透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文、主观臆断。
[选项特征]
1．正确选项特征
(1)“立足原文，只推一步”：根据原文内容简单推理，一步即可推得。
(2)选项中一般不出现绝对概念，如nly、 never、 all、 abslutely等，正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊，会用一些相对能够留有一些余地的词汇，如ften、 usually、 smetimes、 sme、 may、 might、 can、 culd、 prbably等。
2．干扰选项特征
二、方法技巧要知晓
题型一 隐含推断题
隐含推断题主要考查考生对特定信息、全篇、全段或上下文逻辑关系的判断，结合相关信息的暗示，准确理解文章寓意或隐含的深层意义的能力。一般题干主要包括六个动词：infer (推断)、indicate (象征；暗示)、imply (暗示)、suggest (暗示)、cnclude (得出结论)、assume (假定；设想)。
[典例1] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读C片段)
Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies—say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn. Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn't assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
31．What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A．Students shuld apply multiple learning techniques.
B．Teachers shuld prduce their wn teaching material.
C．Print texts cannt be entirely replaced in educatin.
D．Educatin utside the classrm cannt be ignred.
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词imply和the last paragraph。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces”以及“Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn't assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.”。综合逻辑分析可推断出作者在强调纸质文本在教育中不能完全被取代。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
[答案] C
技法点拨：
题型二 观点态度题
此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的观点、态度或看法或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。观点和态度一般分为三大类：①支持、赞同、乐观；②客观、中立、公正；③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。在推断过程中，考生应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。
[典例2] (2024·全国甲卷阅读C片段)
Dctrs see up t 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allws fr basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the dctrs and their assistants wrking and living in such little space but still staying fcused and very cncerned，” says Ducke.“They were the best chance fr many rural peple t get the treatment they want.”
31．What is Ducke's attitude tward the Saint Lukas' services?
A．Appreciative.
B．Dubtful.
C．Ambiguus.
D．Cautius.
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Ducke's attitude tward the Saint Lukas' services。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“I was very impressed by the dctrs and their assistants wrking and living in such little space but still staying fcused and very cncerned”以及“They were the best chance fr many rural peple t get the treatment they want.”。根据段中杜克所说的话中的“very impressed”“staying fcused and very cncerned”和“the best chance”等可知，他对该列车的服务持赞赏的态度。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
[答案] A
技法点拨：
题型三 写作意图题
各种话题的阅读材料都有可能考查写作意图题。通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。
[典例3] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读D片段)
Given the astnishing ptential f AI t transfrm ur lives, we all need t take actin t deal with ur AI-pwered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence cmes in. This absrbing new bk by Catrina Campbell is a practical radmap addressing the challenges psed by the frthcming AI revlutin (变革).
In the wrng hands, such a bk culd prve as cmplicated t prcess as the cmputer cde (代码)that pwers AI...
As we sn cme t learn frm AI by Design，...
AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it.
35．What is the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A．T recmmend a bk n AI.
B．T give a brief accunt f AI histry.
C．T clarify the definitin f AI.
D．T hnr an utstanding AI expert.
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词the authr's purpse in writing the text。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文最后一段：AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it.。本文是一篇说明文，结合首段和尾段可知，文章主要给读者推荐了卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔的一本关于人工智能的书。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
[答案] A
技法点拨：
题型四 文章出处题、文章类型题、读者对象题
文章出处题、文章类型题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类型。读者对象题要求考生根据文章内容和措辞推断文章的读者对象。
[典例4] (2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读C片段)
Reading Art: Art fr Bk Lvers is a celebratin f an everyday bject—the bk, represented here in almst three hundred artwrks frm museums arund the wrld.The image f the reader appears thrughut histry, in art made lng befre bks as we nw knw them came int being. In artists' representatins f bks and reading, we see mments f shared humanity that g beynd culture and time.
In this “bk f bks，” artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. Adults are prtrayed (描绘) alne in many settings and pses—absrbed in a vlume, deep in thught r lst in a mment f leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments we can all relate t.
28．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．An intrductin t a bk.
B．An essay n the art f writing.
C．A guidebk t a museum.
D．A review f mdern paintings.
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Where和taken frm。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文第一段第一句：“Reading Art: Art fr Bk Lvers is a celebratin f an everyday bject—the bk, represented here in almst three hundred artwrks frm museums arund the wrld.”和第二段第一句。根据以上信息可推知，文章介绍了一本书，最有可能出自一本书的序言。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
[答案] A
技法点拨：
A
(2024·济宁一模)Bard，Kinetic (Cffee Huse Press，2023) by Anne Waldman, ne f the mst imprtant living American pets, is a new cllectin f autbigraphical (自传体的) pieces, including published and unpublished essays, crrespndence, interviews, and pems frm the last 20 years.
Thugh the rigin f the texts and pems is relatively recent, Bard, Kinetic tracks Waldman's life frm her childhd in Greenwich Village t the present.Rather than a memir (回忆录), this energetic cllectin integrates her stries int cntexts—literary, plitical, spiritual, familial.
In Sketch, the first and lngest piece in the bk，Waldman describes what guided her t petry frm an early age—Her intellectual and artistic parents encuraged her “t read widely, t write, think, talk abut it, be curius and critical.” Reading Sketch fr its wnderful autbigraphical details and the successful mments that run thrugh Waldman's life is a pleasure. In Interview with Petas，Madrid 2018, anther piece frm the bk's secnd sectin, she wrte，“We need cultural and humanitarian revlutin.We need petry t remind us f the magic we have had that needs attendance and recharge.”Her vice and visin have a cllective width.
Waldman insists n cmbining art with nearly every aspect f her life. Bard, Kinetic, at all pints, a high-energy cnstruct, and at all pints, an energy-discharge, puts readers n the path t recgnizing petry as a mental aid, as an actin that reaches acrss gegraphy, species, and time.As she wrte in the bk's preface, she cmmands herself t “keep pushing fr knwledge, study with a deeper investigatin and a deeper actin.The actin, ttally necessary”. These are high aims that Waldman has insisted n, tirelessly, her entire life.Waldman shines.Her heart culd be ur heart.
This new bk is best read as a cmpanin f Vw t Petry (2001)，Waldman's previus cllectin f interviews and autbigraphical essays, which will help readers appreciate this bk better.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇关于书籍Bard，Kinetic的书评。
1．What d we knw abut Bard, Kinetic by Waldman?
A．It is a memir.
B．It dcuments her life and wrk.
C．It is her first cllectin f pems.
D．It is t be issued by Cffee Huse Press.
B 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Bard，Kinetic记录了作者的工作情况；根据第二段第一句可知，Bard，Kinetic记录了沃尔德曼从格林尼治村的童年到现在的生活。即Bard，Kinetic记录了作者的生活和工作情况。
2．What's the purpse f paragraph 3?
A．T add relevant backgrund infrmatin.
B．T help readers gain partial insight int the bk.
C．T persuade readers t cnduct selective reading.
D．T intrduce Waldman's writing styles.
B 写作意图题。根据第三段内容可知，本段对书籍中的部分情节进行了描述，因而其目的是帮助读者了解这本书的部分内容。
3．What is implied in the underlined sentence “Her heart culd be ur heart.” in paragraph 4?
A．We shuld stick t ur gals.
B．We shuld learn pems by heart.
C．We shuld seek fame and wealth.
D．We shuld enjy life t ur hearts' cntent.
A 句意猜测题。根据第四段中的“As she wrte...‘keep necessary’. These are high ”可知，沃尔德曼一生孜孜不倦地坚持着自己的崇高目标。由此可推知，画线句指作为读者，应该学习她对目标执着追求的这种精神。
4．What's the passage?
A．A diary entry. B．A news reprt.
C．A bk review.D．An autbigraphy.
C 文章类型题。通读全文可知，本文是关于书籍Bard，Kinetic的书评。
B
(2024·湛江一模)By the time I tk Kicker hme, I was living in a van (旅居房车), s he was thrwn int van life frm day ne.At this pint, I knew hw t make him an utging and adaptable dg, and my life was far mre adventurus than it had been...
Right ut f the gate，I tk him t ski turing, which is a lt like crss-cuntry skiing but in wilder terrain. At first, Kicker wuld just stay nestled (依偎) in my jacket, but as he gt strnger, he wuld run n his wn fr a little while befre I carried him again.
We als went n sme winter camping adventures in the high peaks f the Uinta Muntains, and we tried snw kiting. He ran arund while I skied. He learned t speed-fly and kitebard.One time he vmited (呕吐) all ver the new cushins n my bed.By, did that stay smelly fr days! Still, living in a van with a dg was great. With each new day, he gt strnger and mre independent.
I had dreamed f visiting Alaska since I was a child, s being able t share that trip with Kicker felt incredible. There's smething t be said abut shared experiences and hw they help develp a strng bnd. Tgether we kayaked, snwmbiled, and even ended up explring deep blue ice caves in Wrthingtn Glacier. Kicker learned t cme snwbarding with me in the muntains f Alaska.He wuld hike part f the way, and I wuld carry him the rest. I wuld always let him run next t me as I barded, but I usually ended up putting him n my shulders fr the rest f the ride dwn—he had grwn far t big t fit in my jacket.
Having a dg has been ne f the mst rewarding things in my life. Fr me, it's abut the time spent tgether explring, sharing experiences, wrking thrugh challenging situatins, snuggling, and ultimately taking care f ne anther.
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了作者和小狗基克一起到野外露营、滑雪等的经历，在这些历险过程中，小狗逐渐长大，学会了很多技能，作者和小狗之间的关系也变得更加亲密的故事。
5．What was Kicker like when he was first taken hme by the authr?
A．Sick and pitiful.
B．Small and weak.
C．Happy and active.
D．Outging and adventurus.
B 隐含推断题。根据第二段中的“At first, Kicker wuld just stay nestled in my him again.”可知，起初，基克只是依偎在“我”的夹克里。由此可推知，刚开始的时候，小狗又小又弱。
6．Why was the incident f Kicker's vmiting mentined in paragraph 3?
A．T illustrate hw hard life is in a van.
B．T indicate that raising Kicker was nt all rses.
C．T shw the imprtance f taking gd care f a pet.
D．T warn us f the truble a pet can bring t us n a trip.
B 写作意图题。第三段讲述了作者带着基克一起历险，相处融洽，基克吐在垫子上这件事只是一个小插曲，说明作者养狗的过程也不是十分轻松愉快。
7．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．What tricks Kicker learned in Alaska.
B．What great experiences the authr had.
C．Hw the authr realized his childhd dream.
D．Hw much the authr enjyed Kicker's cmpany.
D 段落大意题。根据第四段内容，尤其是第一句可知，本段讲述作者和小狗一起经历的乐趣，作者非常享受基克的陪伴。
8．What is special abut the authr's relatinship with Kicker?
A．They bnd thrugh shared adventures.
B．They help each ther t becme strnger.
C．They bnd thrugh giving each ther rewards.
D．They depend n each ther in life's hardest times.
A 隐含推断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了作者带着基克一起在户外的各种经历，基克逐渐长大，学会了多种技能，作者和基克之间的关系变得愈加亲密，共同的冒险使一人一狗联系在了一起的故事。
专题强化练(四)
A
(2024·泰安一模)There have been numerus attempts t create an all-plastic bike.But mst have never passed thrugh the prttype stage (原始阶段). Igus, a Germany-based manufacturer f high-perfrmance plastics, and Dutch start-up MTRL aim t change that with the igus：bike—the wrld's first urban bike crafted almst entirely frm recycled plastic.
Igus CEO Frank Blasé first gt the idea while vacatining n a Flrida beach in 2009.A cnversatin with sme emplyees frm a rental cmpany made him aware f the challenges f maintaining beach bicycles.The cntinuus expsure t sand, wind and salt water caused the bikes t rust rapidly.Many had t be replaced in nly three mnths.
The igus：bike, unveiled at a German trade shw, is maintainable and rust-free.It can be left utdrs in all weathers and des nt require lubricant il (润滑油) t reduce frictin between parts.Since it des nt attract sand, dust r dirt, the bike can be cleaned with a garden hse (水管) in secnds.
“As all cmpnents are made f plastic, n part f the bike rusts, even the gears—bicycle gears made f plastic were unthinkable fr a lng time，” Blasé says.
The igus：bike will als help cmbat the wrld's plastic pllutin.The cmpany says a single adult bike gives new life t abut 16 kilgrams f single-use plastic that wuld therwise chke ur landfills r waterways.
Currently, 90 percent f the igus：bike is made using recycled plastic.This includes the bicycle's frame, bearings, pedals and wheel rims.Igus and MTRL believe future versins will be made entirely frm recycled plastic.
“Frm cean plastics t mtin plastics—the igus：bike cncept has what it takes t becme a high-tech eclgical prduct，” says MTRL c-funder Benjamin Alderse Baas.
The plastic bikes are expected t cme nt the market. An adult mdel, made entirely frm recycled plastic, will cst abut 1，400. A slightly cheaper versin made using new plastic and an electric bike are als in the wrks.Igus als plans n sharing its technlgy with ther bicycle manufacturers.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了世界上第一款几乎完全由可循环利用的塑料制造的自行车。
1．What makes Igus CEO Frank Blasé seek t create the igus：bike?
A．His hlidaying in Flrida last year.
B．The cnversatin between him and sme bicyclers.
C．The truble f keeping beach bicycles in gd cnditin.
D．The prlnged expsure f bikes n the beach.
C 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，沙滩自行车很难维护，所以易格斯的首席执行官弗兰克·布拉斯想要改善这一情况，这是他要制造易格斯自行车的原因。
2．What can we learn abut the igus：bike frm the passage?
A．It will certainly sell well.
B．It needs t be mre prtable.
C．It can be used everywhere and freely.
D．It is rustless and can be cleaned easily.
D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和最后一句可知，这种自行车不易生锈且易于清洗。
3．What can be inferred abut the future plastic bikes?
A．They will be cheaper and lighter.
B．They will be mre high-tech eclgical.
C．They will be crafted frm nly recycled plastics.
D．They will be used widely all ver the wrld.
C 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“Igus and MTRL believe future versins will be made entirely frm recycled plastic.”可知，未来这款自行车有望完全由可循环利用的塑料制成。
4．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．A bike made frm recycled plastics.
B．Hw t make rust-free bikes.
C．An excellent bicycle manufacturer.
D．Hw t maintain beach bikes.
A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一款几乎全部由塑料制成的自行车及其构想起源、优势、当前现状以及发展前景，A项最能概括文章内容。
B
(2024·南京二模)“Dana, hw are yu feeling tday？”I ask, my eyes clcking her dirty unifrm, and the dark circles under her eyes.
“OK，” Dana mumbles (嘟囔).
“Have yu eaten tday？”
She nds.Anther lie.
“Can I get yu anything？”But what culd I pssibly get her? A bedrm f her wn? A family with lve?
“N, thanks.”
Repeatedly absent frm schl recently, she has wrn ut teachers' patience.But I dn't want t send her back t class.What use is it knwing all the square numbers and all the grammatical rules when she has t wrk ut hw t wash, ck and decide between feeding herself r her yunger sister?
“A biscuit？” I ffer.It wrks and Dana takes the biscuit I hand her.
I remember the first time I met Dana, the day after she lcked herself in the huse when her mum abandned the family. I remember thinking hw yung she was t have built such a high wall arund herself and hw n earth I culd pssibly break thrugh.As a scial wrker, it is my jb t knck dwn such walls n matter hw.
I knw it wuld take mre than a biscuit t ease ut ne f her bricks.But I will try.
“Hw are yu feeling？”I push slightly, hping the biscuit might have sftened her.
“OK，” she shrugs (耸肩). I'm abut t change tpics when her eyes rest n my arm.
“Hw des that feel，Mia？”Dana stares at me.The sleeve (袖子) f my bluse has rlled up, evidence f hw deep I had put it int the biscuit can.A deep scar (伤疤) alng my arm is bvius against my fair skin.
I rll my sleeve back dwn，“It's frm a fire.It hurts. But everything will be OK when yu think it's OK.”
Dana pauses (停顿) and picks up anther biscuit. In that instant, I knw smething has changed in the rm and we might actually be OK.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。在母亲抛弃家庭后，达娜在心里为自己筑起了一座高墙，作者作为一名社会工作人员，想尽自己所能帮她打开心防，重拾生活的希望。
5．Why is Dana ften absent frm schl?
A．Because she is slw at schlwrk.
B．Because she is struggling with life.
C．Because she lcks herself at hme.
D．Because she desires Mia's attentin.
B 推理判断题。根据第七段中的“What use is between feeding herself r her yunger sister？”可知，达娜需要洗衣做饭、照顾自己和自己的妹妹。由此可推知，达娜经常缺课是因为她正在与生活作斗争。
6．What d we knw abut Mia?
A．She is eager t remve her scar.
B．She is a demanding scial wrker.
C．She awakens Dana's hpe fr future.
D．She imprves kid-parent relatinship.
C 推理判断题。根据最后三段内容可推知，作者(米娅)对达娜说的话让达娜开始有了对未来的希望。
7．What des the ending f the passage imply?
A．Mia gains a better understanding f Dana.
B．The rm is full f happiness and harmny.
C．Trubled teens require family care and supprt.
D．A clse bnd is frming between Mia and Dana.
D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，米娅和达娜互相了解过去的“伤疤”后知道她们之间有共同点，达娜也因此打开了心防。由此可推知，米娅和达娜之间形成了亲密的关系。
8．What is a suitable title fr the passage?
A．OK B．Biscuits
C．A White LieD．A Deep Scar
A 标题归纳题。本文反复提及OK，指一种乐观的生活态度，符合作者想让达娜重新燃起对未来生活希望的主旨，A项最适合作文章标题。
C
(2024·潍坊三模)Researcher Ruijia Hu said wildlife habitat in crwded places like suthwest Ohi is becming increasingly fragmented (分散) as frests give way t new cnstructin.Eventually, this culd make truble t an animal with specific habitat needs like Ohian pileated (红冠) wdpecker (啄木鸟).
Pileated wdpeckers have the nickname carpenter birds fr their never-ending natural wdwrking.They peck ut hles in trees fr their nests every year, creating lts f valuable hmes fr animals like fx squirrels and wls.“They make new nests every year.They wn't reuse ld nes，”Hu said.“Other animals depend n them.”
Pileated wdpeckers are private birds that are mre ften heard than seen.Studying them can be especially difficult.S Hu turned t citizen science fr help.T identify where wdpeckers have been seen, she used eight years f sightings cllected by birders and lgged int the website eBird, a free nline tl and app that anyne can use t recrd their bservatins and lcatins.She verlaid these sightings with remte sensing data and fund that crridrs alng rivers and creeks with abundant mature trees and deadwd helped the birds adjust t their increasingly fragmented urban landscape.
“With fragmented frests, many habitats that were nce suitable fr wildlife are brken up，”Hu said.“Wildlife is unable t find habitat big enugh t meet their survival needs.And even if there are suitable habitats, the distance between them can be t great.Wildlife crridrs link up these habitat patches.Since wildlife can travel and migrate frm ne patch t anther, the prbability f finding fd and shelter is higher.”
“There are s many species in urban areas that we dn't pay attentin t, especially when they're nt cnsidered vulnerable，” Hu said.“With develpment chipping away at mre frest in this crwded cunty, the tipping pint (临界点) culd cme quickly and unexpectedly.Yu can't fix it vernight.It's nt just abut planting mre trees.The birds need mature frest, s it culd take 30 t 50 years t replace their habitat.At least we can prtect these riverside frest crridrs and see that existing trees reach maturity.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着森林被新的建筑所取代，野生动物栖息地正变得越来越分散，这可能会给有特定栖息地需求的动物带来麻烦。
9．What can we infer frm the secnd paragraph?
A．The magpie's nest is ccupied by the dve.
B．Birds abandn the ld fr the new easily.
C．Friendship really exists amng animals.
D．One's trash is anther persn's treasure.
D 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，红冠啄木鸟每年都在树上啄洞筑巢，不会重复使用旧的鸟巢，闲置的鸟巢就可以被其他动物利用，由此可推知，一个人的垃圾是另一个人的财富。
10．What is the main idea f the third paragraph?
A．The effect f Hu's study n birds.
B．The prcess f Hu's research.
C．The difficulty Hu had in her study.
D．The applicatin f technlgy.
B 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，胡在研究过程中向公民科学寻求帮助，使用了观鸟者收集的8年的观测数据，并登录了“eBird”网站。由此可推知，本段介绍了胡的研究过程。
11．What rle d wildlife crridrs play fr birds?
A．Helping them survive in the fragmented landscape.
B．Making them adjust t deadwd quickly.
C．Prviding them with enugh fd fr survival.
D．Ensuring them a stable and safe habitat.
A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Wildlife crridrs link prbability f finding fd and shelter is higher.”可知，野生动物走廊可以连接分离开来的栖息地，帮助动物迁移和生存。
12．What des Hu imply in the last paragraph?
A．One tree desn't make a frest.
B．Be wise after the event.
C．Prepare fr a rainy day.
D．Take things as they cme.
C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“With develpment chipping can't fix it vernight.”可知，此处胡暗示，我们不能一夜之间解决问题，需要未雨绸缪。
专题强化练(五)
A
(2024·滨州二模)My sn's seventh birthday is appraching, s cnversatin at my huse has naturally turned t rganizing his party.
Fr his sixth birthday, we bked the lcal trampline (蹦床) park.This wrked ut well.But the whle event cst us hundreds f punds.This year, I'm trying t cnvince him that the dinsaur-themed park dwn the rad ffers just as much fun—and yu dn't even need t wear special scks! This will be cheaper, because we aren't required t hire a space—we can simply buy tickets fr his mates.
But I still keep pndering ver ne thing—party bags.Why shuld a bunch f seven-year-lds, wh have already been treated t a day ut and a muntain f sugar, als be handed a bag full f pund-shp gifts fr simply bthering t shw up?
Party bag is an envirnmental disaster.I reckn my sn attends 20 parties per year, and at each party there are 20 kids in attendance, which means 400 plastic bags in ttal.Within these 400 bags are perhaps 800 plastic tys, almst all f which fall apart n the jurney hme and then get binned instantly.The waste is shcking, and I dn't want t be part f it.
I knw there are sme party bag alternatives: ne cuple I knw cvered a table with Mr.Men bks and gt the kids t chse ne each.At anther party, I saw the hsts fill a bucket with sft tys and crumpled newspaper, and d a lucky dip (抽奖).Admirable effrts.
Even if that is a nice try, and even if the cntents in the party bags dn't fall apart, s what? Will ur guests think mre highly f ur child because f the party bags frm ur party? Will my child's ability t make and keep friends be imprved?
Well, the traditin fr kid's party bags ends with me, and it ends here, and it ends nw.Wh's with me?
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者认为主人给参加生日聚会的孩子准备的派对包是一种浪费，作者坚决抵制并呼吁停止这种做法。
1．Why des the authr recmmend the dinsaur-themed park?
A．Because it's mre enjyable.
B．Because it prvides scks.
C．Because it can reduce cst.
D．Because it ffers free tickets.
C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This will be cheaper, because we aren't required t hire a space—we can simply buy tickets fr his mates.”可知，作者推荐恐龙主题公园的原因是可以降低成本。
2．What may be put in party bags?
A．Gifts brught by guests.
B．Gifts prepared by hsts.
C．Gifts distributed by parks.
D．Gifts dnated by charities.
B 推理判断题。根据第四、第五段内容可知，派对包里装有主人准备的礼物。
3．What is the authr's attitude twards party bags?
A．Intlerant. B．Objective.
C．Favrable.D．Indifferent.
A 观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者不能忍受派对包。
4．What d the underlined wrds “get binned” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Be recycled.B．Be repaired.
C．Be thrwn away.D．Be given away.
C 词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句和画线短语下文“The waste is shcking”可知，作者说派对包造成的浪费是惊人的，这说明派对包里的玩具在回家的路上都会散架，然后被连包一起扔掉，由此可推知，画线短语get binned意为“被扔掉”。
B
(2024·广州八区新高考联考)Once the red wlf's histric range stretched frm Lng Island t Missuri and dwn t the Texas-Mexic brder.But by 1972 their ppulatin was reduced t a small area alng the Gulf cast due t habitat lss and hunting.
T cnserve the species，14 individuals were caught as part f a reprducing prgram.In 1980 their wild relatives were declared extinct—the caught wlves were all that was left and thus lts f genetic variatin was lst.Yu can't help it when yu have s few funders.
Kristin Brzeski is an assistant prfessr at Michigan Technlgical University, whse research fcuses n the cnservatin f genetics f wild animal ppulatins. She thught this wrk had been an underdg scientifically and fr cnservatin, fr all wlves decreased in amunt dramatically, especially the red wlves. Nw, Brzeski and her c-wrkers have fund a surprising new pl f red wlf genes that might help bring mre diversity t the tiny ppulatin：they fund the disappearing genes f red wlves in wild cyte (郊狼) ppulatins. But why did this happen?
Remember：when a ppulatin is dying ut, it might find the clsest related species as their wn best mate, s a red wlf and a cyte can have ffspring. As a result, peple can rediscver their genes in their cyte hybrid ffspring.As red wlves are released back int the wild, reprducing with these cytes culd help the critically endangered species regain sme f its genetic diversity.
This wuld be kind f the ppsite directin: take the existing small ppulatin that still has red wlf genes that are s critical, and put them int a wild landscape with new genetic variatin that they haven't seen fr 50 years r mre.And all f a sudden, hpefully, this is like a super mix f genetic health and srt f a rebund that these animals can be wild and be themselves again.
The next step will include hw t release red wlves in a way that takes advantage f the genes red wlves hiding in cyte ppulatins.There shuld be a philsphy in ur mind that we created this prblem, s we shuld be respnsible fr fixing it.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了红狼的数量减少，导致基因变异消失。研究人员将有限的红狼放归野外，让它们与郊狼繁殖，留下红狼的基因以此来保护这一物种。
5．Why was much genetic variatin f the red wlves lst?
A．Their habitat lss.
B．Their limited number.
C．Their relatives' extinctin.
D．Their pr adaptability.
B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In 1980 their wild relatives were declared extinct—the caught wlves were all that was left and thus lts f genetic variatin was lst.”可知，红狼的很多基因变异消失是因为其数量有限。
6．What des the underlined wrd “underdg” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Failure.B．Success.
C．Breakthrugh.D．Dilemma.
A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文中的“fr all wlves decreased in amunt dramatically, especially the red wlves”可知，因为所有狼的数量都急剧减少，特别是红狼，所以他们认为野生动物种群的遗传保护工作在科学和保护方面是一种失败。故画线词意为“失败”。
7．What is Brzeski's attitude t releasing red wlves int the wild?
A．Disappinted.B．Favrable.
C．Pessimistic.D．Cautius.
B 观点态度题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，红狼放归野外后与郊狼繁殖可以帮助这种极度濒危的物种恢复一些基因多样性。由此可推知，布雷斯基对将红狼放归野外持支持态度。
8．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．A Prmising Way t Save Red Wlves
B．Red Wlves—an Endangered Species
C．Wild Cytes—Red Wlves' Perfect Match
D．An Unknwn Future t Prtect Red Wlves
A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了红狼的数量减少，导致基因变异消失。研究人员将有限的红狼放归野外，让它们与郊狼繁殖，留下红狼的基因以此来保护这一物种。由此可推知，A项最适合作文章标题。
C
(2024·株洲一模)Hw will this age be remembered? What material r innvatin will mst define the current era? Accrding t a new exhibitin at Lndn's Design Museum, the typical feature isn't a game-changing material but rubbish.
Waste Age, the theme f the exhibitin, is a wake-up call, nt s much t the cnsumers but t the prducer and mst imprtantly the gvernment.It is nt intended t be a criticism f buying that takeaway cffee n yur way t the museum r frgetting yur cttn bag, but an eye pening lk at the peple wrking n creative slutins.“We want t shw hw design is best placed t address rubbish issues，” says Justin McGuirk, the exhibitin leader.
A striking item n display is created by Ibrahim Mahama, wh has built a giant wall f ld TV mnitrs that play vides where wrkers burn abandned electrical cables (电缆) t harvest precius metal.Mahama has asked them t cast the recycled metal in the frm f surrunds, which surrund the giant wall n display.The pisnus burning scenes in the vides are desperate, but the message is clear: waste is precius.
“In many ways ‘waste’ is a categry errr，” says McGuirk.“It's ften perfectly gd material that simply undervalued.” The exhibitin attracts designers wh are already wrking n what a future f abve-grund mining might lk like and explring hw bjects and buildings can be taken apart and their parts reused.There is the wrk f the pineering Belgian grup Rtr, a team f architects wh set up a cmpany t carefully remve materials and cmpnents frm buildings scheduled fr the breaking hammer.
The final sectin f the exhibitin mves beynd fixing and recycling t imagine a pst-waste wrld where materials are grwn rather than extracted (提炼), like “sea stne” n display, a cncrete-like material made frm seashell pieces.But such bidegradable (可生物降解的) slutins cme with a prblem: hw many times have yu thrwn a bidegradable cntainer in the garbage can befre realizing it is actually cmpst (混合肥料)? Hwever, we can adjust behavir and expectatins t meet the prmising new bi-future.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦设计博物馆一个主题为“垃圾时代”的新展览，目的是展示解决垃圾问题的可行方案。
9．What is the purpse f the exhibitin?
A．T display the mst widely used material.
B．T criticize the current thrwaway culture.
C．T shw pssible slutins t waste prblems.
D．T infrm the custmers f the harm frm rubbish.
C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We want t shw hw design is best placed t address rubbish issues”可知，展览的目的是展示解决垃圾问题的可行方案。
10．Hw des Mahama prve that waste is precius?
A．He cllects ld TV mnitrs fr the exhibitin.
B．He shws the way t recycle waste int new surrunds.
C．He treats the recycled material in a bidegradable way.
D．He recycles metal frm used electrical cables in persn.
B 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，易卜拉欣·马哈马用旧电视显示器搭建了一面墙，上面播放着工人燃烧废弃电缆以获取贵金属的视频，并要求他们将回收的金属铸造成环绕物，围绕着展出的巨大墙壁。由此可知，马哈马展示了将废弃物回收到新环境的方法。
11．Why des the authr mentin “Rtr” in paragraph 4?
A．T give a new definitin f waste.
B．T present the creativity f its architects.
C．T make a predictin abut recyclable buildings.
D．T clarify the cncept f abve-grund mining.
D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The future f abve-grund mining might lk ”及这一公司的具体业务可推知，作者提到“Rtr”是为了解释说明地上采矿的概念。
12．What is the authr's attitude twards “pst-waste” wrld?
A．Favrable.B．Dubtful.
C．Intlerant.D．Cnventinal.
A 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Hwever, we can adjust behavir and expectatins t meet the prmising new bi-future.”可知，作者对这种“垃圾得到处理后的世界”是赞许并期待的。
专题强化练(六)
A
(2024·昆明“三诊一模”质检)A Dad says he's built a special bnd with his tw-year-ld daughter after running a series f lng distance races with her strapped (用带子系) t his back.
Chris Greenbank, 36, a stnemasn (石匠) frm Stckprt, Greater Manchester, even managed t cmplete a half marathn carrying the yungster in a special hiking carrier.
The single father, wh has suffered frm anxiety in the past, has been raising mney t mental health supprt grup Prject 23. The grup, which helps peple with anxiety and mental health prblems, was set up by Chris' friend Mark Sprstn.
Chris' latest, Runnrthwests festive 10k in Cheshire, was his furth race and he said, pssibly their last, as the kid may be t heavy in spring. Besides, Chris had been a little wrried if the weather wuld be t chilly fr his daughter. “N matter hw difficult it is, I want t get us bth a festive medal befre it gets t cld.” He added, “We have fur medals nw and we have run 51km in ttal.”
In Octber Chris tk just under three hurs t cmplete the Manchester Half Marathn with his daughter n his back. The Dad said his little girl rested her hand n his shulder and kept it there fr the whle duratin f the run. He said, “Our bnd isn't smething yu can even put int wrds. My heart is full.”
Chris, wh says exercise is an imprtant part f psitive mental health, believes there shuld be n reasn why peple can't exercise because they have kids.
The pair als ran the Wilms lw 10k in July this year and Chester Z 10k in Octber. Chris said f his daughter, “She lves it, and they are like mini adventures.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位曾患有焦虑症的单身父亲克里斯为帮助精神健康支持组织“Prject 23”募集资金，而背着女儿参加一系列马拉松比赛的故事。
1．What d we knw abut Prject 23?
A．It was funded by Chris Greenbank.
B．It has rganized 4 marathn events.
C．It helps peple with psychlgical prblems.
D．It ffers medical care t the disabled.
C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The grup, which helps peple with anxiety and mental health prblems, was set up by Chris' friend Mark Sprstn.”可知，这个组织是一个帮助患有焦虑和精神疾病的公民的公益组织。
2．Why did Chris run the marathn in Cheshire with his daughter?
A．T shw the public his running skills.
B．T win a festive medal fr them.
C．T raise mney fr his serius illness.
D．T develp his habit f ding sprts.
B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I want t get us bth a festive medal befre it gets t cld”可知，克里斯参加这次马拉松比赛是因为他希望在天变得太冷前得到节日奖章。
3．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Chris?
A．Caring and lving.
B．Frank and demanding.
C．Ambitius and particular.
D．Generus and utging.
A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The single father, wh has suffered frm anxiety in the past, has been raising mney t mental health supprt grup Prject 23.”可知，克里斯一直为精神健康支持组织“Prject 23”筹款，且第四段也提到他担心天太冷冻着女儿，计划在寒冬来临前一定要得到节日奖章，由此可推知，克里斯充满了爱与关怀。
4．What is the purpse f writing the passage?
A．T intrduce ways t relieve anxiety.
B．T shw training methds f running.
C．T invlve readers in charity activities.
D．T share a stry f a father and a daughter.
D 写作意图题。根据第一段内容以及下文中讲述的克里斯背着女儿参加一系列的马拉松比赛的情节可知，本文的写作目的是分享一对父女的故事。
B
(2024·湖北名校联合体质检)Ever wndered why yur htel pl seems verly small cmpared t its website picture? A new graph reveals just hw far cmpanies will g t make their prducts seem mre appealing, frm replacing actual ice cream with mashed ptat fr a mre slid appearance, t using mtr il fr hney.One f the mst cmmn examples is that f advertised images f hamburgers, which shw items between the bun t be larger and brighter than they really are, leading cnsumers t think the fd is fresher than it really is.
Frzen fd packages are repeat ffenders which shw the meals perfectly plated with fresh ingredients.Where an image includes ingredients nt included in the purchase, a “serving suggestin” disclaimer is a legal requirement.Hwever, if a custmer fails t ntice the tiny captin, they ften incrrectly assume that all illustrated items are included.
Deceptin in advertising is nt just limited t fd prducts.Htels and resrts ften alter images r use deceptive angles t manipulate the building's real surrundings.Fr example, ne htel advertisement used a cleverly psitined lw angle t feature what appears t be an endless pl.In truth, the pl is simply rund in shape.
Children are als ften cheated by cmmercials.When they finally receive that ty r utdr paddling pl, they find that the prduct is far smaller than advertised.With nearly half f American cnsumers believing advertising t be “fairly hnest”， it seems they will cntinue t be tricked int buying disappinting prducts.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了广告宣传中的欺骗现象。
5．What's the purpse f writing the first paragraph?
A．T infrm an issue.
B．T intrduce the tpic.
C．T catch readers' attentin.
D．T deliver sme phenmena.
B 写作意图题。根据第一段内容可知，本段举例说明在广告中图片存在着与事实不相符的现象。由此可推知，作者写第一段的目的是引入话题。
6．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing issues might cnsumers have with fd prducts?
A．The fd is nt healthy enugh.
B．It is difficult t knw hw t serve a frzen meal.
C．Sme items shwn n the bx disappear.
D．The burger bun is smaller than they were expecting.
C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Where an image includes illustrated items are included.”可知，食品包装盒图片中宣传的食材可能不包括在购买商品中。
7．Accrding t the passage, almst 50% f American buyers _________．
A．d nt trust advertising cmpanies
B．believe that advertising is nt hnest enugh
C．think that the prducts are disappinting
D．will cntinue being deceived by false advertising
D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，近一半的美国人依旧相信广告的真实性，由此可推知，近50%的购买者将继续被虚假广告所欺骗。
8．What's the verall purpse f the passage?
A．T persuade peple t byctt advertising.
B．T praise advertising cmpanies fr their creativity.
C．T raise public awareness regarding unreliable advertising.
D．T prmte the use f advertisements and marketing material.
C 写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了广告宣传中的欺骗现象，由此可推知，作者的写作目的是提高公众对不可靠广告的认识。
C
(2024·汕头二模)A study frm the University f Mntreal and the Mntreal Museum f Fine Arts, published in Frntiers in Medicine, fund that regular virtual visits t museums culd help senirs stay mentally active and cme with a hst f additinal health benefits.That's because these digital cnnectins can make retirees feel less lnely and islated (孤立的).
Scial islatin has been assciated with the risks fr heart disease and the decline f recgnitin abilities in senirs, accrding t a press release frm the university.
The researchers investigated the ptential benefits f weekly virtual visits fr a three-mnth perid.The participants were peple aged 65 and lder wh lived in Mntreal.Half f the participants tk part in nline visits and a discussin afterwards, while the cntrl grup did nt participate in any cultural events at all.The grup wh participated in the virtual visits shwed imprvements in their quality f life.“Our study shwed that art-based activities may be an effective interventin，” lead authr Dr.Olivier Beauchet, a prfessr at the University f Mntreal, said in the press release.“On a glbal scale, this participatry art-based activity culd becme a mdel that culd be ffered in museums and arts institutins wrldwide t prmte active and healthy aging.”
The initiative reflects appraches recmmended by the Wrld Health Organizatin(WHO) t manage certain diseases, accrding t Beauchet.Fr instance, the WHO launched the Aging and Health Prgram in 2015 that included using cmmunity-based rganizatins t prmte culture as a key cmpnent f imprving health.Traditinally, these srts f preventive health activities have taken place in schls, cmmunity centers, and wrkplaces.“While these are suitable lcatins that reach a great number f peple, there are additinal rganizatins and sectrs that culd becme partners in public health research and practice develpment，”Beauchet said.“Museums are amng such ptential partners.They are aware f the needs f their cmmunities and are cnsequently expanding the types f activities they ffer.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蒙特利尔大学和蒙特利尔美术博物馆发表在《医学前沿》上的一项研究发现：定期线上参观博物馆可以帮助老年人保持精神活跃，并获得许多额外的健康益处。
9．Hw d senirs benefit frm regular virtual visits t museums?
A．They get survival skills.
B．They raise interest in art.
C．They imprve quality f life.
D．They cnnect mre with family.
C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ that regular virtual visits t museums culd help senirs stay mentally active and cme with a hst f additinal health benefits.”可知，老年人定期线上参观博物馆可以提高生活质量。
10．What can be inferred frm Beauchet's wrds in paragraph 3?
A．Participants cme frm the whle wrld.
B．The museum needs better cultural events.
C．Face-t-face discussin is a useful interventin.
D．Senirs shuld attend mre art-based activities.
D 推理判断题。根据第三段中博切特的话可知，参加艺术活动能促进积极、健康的老龄化，由此可推知，老年人应该参加更多的艺术活动。
11．What is the purpse f the last paragraph?
A．T advcate. B．T entertain.
C．T advertise.D．T warn.
A 写作意图题。根据最后一段内容可知，世卫组织及社会各界，包括学校、社区、工作单位均关注老龄化与健康问题，博物馆与其他组织也应积极参与。由此可推知，最后一段的目的是提倡和号召更多的人和组织加入老龄化与健康规划，为老年人提供更多有益的活动。
12．Which may be a suitable title fr the passage?
A．The Aged Frm a Cmmunity t Reduce Lneliness
B．Virtual Art-based Activities Bring Peple Tgether
C．Online Museum Trips Imprve Senirs' Well-being
D．Retired Individuals Pay Mre Visits t Museums
C 标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，定期线上参观博物馆可以帮助老年人保持精神活跃，并获得许多额外的健康益处。故C项最适合作文章标题。
专题强化练(七)
A
(2024·清远一模)With a wrld full f fascinating destinatins, chsing the perfect vacatin spt can present a challenge.Use these recmmendatins t make yur travel bucket list.
Paris
The magnetic city draws visitrs frm arund the glbe t see icnic attractins like the Eiffel Twer and the Luvre.But what travelers really lve are the ld-fashined cafés, lively markets and trendy shpping districts.Get lst wandering alng the charming streets, r relax n the banks f the Seine fr hurs.If yu're up fr a quick daytrip, head t the Palace f Versailles, which ffers guided and self-guided turs f the estate.
Suth Island
New Zealand's Suth Island brims with magnificent landscape at every turn.Here, yu can admire the muntains f Firdland Natinal Park.At night, jurney t the Munt Jhn Observatry t gaze at the starry skies.Yu can als satisfy yurself in Queenstwn (a favrite destinatin amng bungee jumpers), sample delicius wine in the Marlbrugh regin r explre New Zealand's mst accessible glaciers n the island's west cast.
Bra Bra
Here, in this small French Plynesian island, yu'll find picturesque beaches, appealing jungles and luxurius resrts.The island's extinct vlcan，Munt Otemanu, makes a challenging hike, and the friendly Bra Bra lcals can help yu catch a glimpse f the island's best sights.Althugh a trip t Bra Bra is very expensive, mst travelers say it's wrth every penny.
Grand Canyn
The Grand Canyn ffers plenty f utdr activities fr everyne frm day-trippers t adventure junkies.Hike alng the natinal park's ppular Rim and Bright Angel trails fr exceptinal views, experience a rafting trip dwn the Clrad River r view the dramatic Arizna landscape frm abve during a helicpter tur.If yu're feeling especially daring, sign up fr skydiving abve the canyn.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个旅游胜地的情况。
1．Which f the fllwing destinatins is a paradise fr shpping lvers?
A．Paris. B．Suth Island.
C．Bra Bra.D．Grand Canyn.
A 细节理解题。根据Paris部分中的“But what travelers really lve are the ld-fashined cafés, lively markets and trendy shpping districts.”可知，巴黎是购物爱好者的天堂。
2．What d Suth Island and Grand Canyn have in cmmn?
A．They bth ffer travelers a fantastic island view.
B．They bth allw travelers t experience adventures.
C．They bth allw travelers t stay with lcal families.
D．They bth ffer travelers chances t bserve the sky.
B 推理判断题。根据Suth Island部分中的a favrite destinatin amng bungee jumpers和“ accessible glaciers”以及Grand Canyn部分中的“The Grand Canyn junkies.”可推知，两者的共同之处是它们都能让旅行者体验冒险。
3．Wh is this passage mainly intended fr?
A．Turist guides.B．Magazine editrs.
C．Fashin designers.D．Vacatin planners.
D 读者对象题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了四个旅游胜地，是为假期计划者准备的。
B
(2024·辽宁二模)
Smiles Are Always Preferable ver Pity
An artist frm Washingtn is bringing smiles t babies and their parents, ne helmet at a time.
Flat head syndrme is a cmmn cnditin in infants and affects abut half f babies in their first year f life.Frtunately, it desn't cause significant medical cnsequence and is treatable with a specialized helmet that an infant will wear fr weeks r mnths.But these helmets usually cme in a dull white.
Mre than a decade ag, artist Paula Strawn was apprached by a friend whse granddaughter was prescribed ne f the helmets and asked if she culd make it a bit mre fun.
“I had never seen a baby with a helmet befre and they quickly explained what it was fr，” Strawn says.“I was a little frightened as I hadn't painted n anything like this befre.But it went and they were very happy.”
Strawn was living in Suthern Califrnia at the time.After painting the helmet fr her friend, she quickly began t get inquiries frm ther parents wh wanted t stylize the helmets fr their babies.
Sn, requests snwballed in frm acrss the state, then frm arund the cuntry.
“Within the year it was my main painting wrk fr flks all ver Suthern Califrnia and within a cuple f years I started hearing frm flks arund the states，” she recalls.“The last few years it's been my full-time business.I get helmets frm all ver the cuntry.”
Strawn, wh nw lives in Washingtn, says she has painted mre than 3，200 helmets in the 15 years since she painted her first ne.
She frequently psts her paintings t her scial media accunt, which features helmets designed with bright flwers, cartn characters, sprts team lgs and ther clrful pictures.
“It's a fun, friendly and persnal design that brings smiles t baby and a chance fr parents t have a cnversatin abut the helmet instead f pity，”Strawn says.“Smiles are always preferable ver pity！”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艺术家宝拉·斯特朗给患有扁头综合征的婴儿画好看的头盔，给患者家庭带来微笑的故事。
4．Wh will be interested in this passage?
A．Babies. B．Parents.
C．Artists.D．Dctrs.
B 读者对象题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，本文讲述了艺术家宝拉·斯特朗给患有扁头综合征的婴儿画好看的头盔的故事。由此可推知，父母可能对这篇文章感兴趣。
5．What can we infer frm paragraph 2?
A．The helmets are mainly white.
B．Infants dn't like their helmets.
C．Many babies suffer frm flat heads.
D．Peple ignre flat head syndrme.
C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Flat head syndrme is a cmmn cnditin in infants and affects abut half f babies in their first year f life.”可推知，许多婴儿患有扁头综合征。
6．Which wrd can best describe Strawn?
A．Caring.B．Generus.
C．Selfish.D．Energetic.
A 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知，宝拉·斯特朗多年来一直为患有扁头综合征的婴儿画头盔，希望给患者家庭带来微笑，由此可推知，宝拉·斯特朗很有爱心。
7．Where is the passage mst prbably taken frm?
A．A brchure.B．A diary.
C．An advertisement.D．A magazine.
D 文章出处题。文章讲述了艺术家宝拉·斯特朗给患有扁头综合征的婴儿画好看的头盔的故事。由此可推知，文章可能选自一本杂志。
C
(2024·惠州二模)Have yu ever lst smething in a hard-t-reach space, like behind a cuch r a cupbard? Wuldn't it be nice t just be able t squeeze in and ut? New innvatins in the field f rbtics will sn be able t make this nice idea int a reality.
In a study published n Jan. 25 in the science jurnal Matter, engineers frm The Chinese University f Hng Kng and Carnegie Melln University in the U．S. have develped small rbts that can quickly change back and frth frm liquid t slid states.
Accrding t the website Mashable, the scientists were inspired by sea cucumbers.They are able t change the stiffness (僵硬度) f their bdy r reduce the ptential fr physical damage.The rbts in the study were made frm gallium (镓), a sft meta with a lw melting pint f 30℃. The scientists then used changes in the magnetic field t cntrl the magnetic particles inside the gallium material t prvide heat.This heat then allwed the rbts t change between slid and liquid states as well as t mve arund.
As the website Tech Xplre pinted ut, ther similar materials require external heat surces such as heat guns and electrical currents t induce a change f states; but nw, the rbts can use a heat surce inside itself t change states independently.During the rbts' experimental trials, the scientists cnducted a number f tests.These tests included having the rbts melt int liquid and refrm t escape a prisn-like cage.It can remve a freign bject frm and deliver medicinal drugs t a mdel stmach.The rbt is als able t build and repair hard-t-reach circuits.The rbts' ability t switch between states f matter allws fr a number f pssible uses and advancements in different fields, such as the bimedical and circuit assembly (组装) industries.
Still, in the wrds f senir authr Carmel Majidi at Carnegie Melln University, fr nw these are all just “prfs f cncept” which shw the abilities f these new kinds f rbts.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自香港中文大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的工程师研发出了能够快速在液态和固态之间来回切换的小型机器人。
8．Why can the rbts switch between slid and liquid?
A．Because they cnsist f a unique metal and magnetic particles.
B．Because they can reduce the ptential fr physical damage.
C．Because they are able t change the stiffness f their bdy.
D．Because they have external heat surces anytime anywhere.
A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“The scientists then used mve arund.”可知，机器人能够在固态和液态之间变化是因为它们由独特的金属和磁性粒子组成。
9．What des the underlined wrd “induce” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Witness.B．Remve.
C．Cause.D．Accept.
C 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“This heat then allwed the rbts t change between slid and liquid states as well as t mve arund.”可知，热量能使机器人变化形态；根据画线词所在句语境可知，“热枪和电流”是导致“物态变化”发生的原因，由此可推知，画线词意为“引起、导致”。
10．What will be the functin f the rbt?
A．T help scientists inspire sea cucumbers.
B．T put a cuch int a hard-t-reach space.
C．T get rid f freign bjects frm an rgan.
D．T assist peple in escaping a prisn-like cage.
C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It can remve a freign bject frm and deliver medicinal drugs t a mdel stmach.”可知，这种机器人在将来可能会具有的功能是清除器官中的异物。
11．Where is the passage prbably taken frm?
A．A health reprt.
B．A science fictin.
C．A Chemistry textbk.
D．A scientific magazine.
D 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇介绍最新科技发明的说明文，最有可能摘自一本科技杂志。张冠李戴
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