2024年新高考天津卷英语真题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份2024年新高考天津卷英语真题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024年新高考天津卷英语真题原卷版docx、2024年新高考天津卷英语真题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共47页， 欢迎下载使用。
1. The Smiths _________ the nline shpping experience in China since they mved back t New Zealand tw years ag.
A. had been missingB. were missing
C. have been missingD. will be missing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从两年前搬回新西兰以来，史密斯一家一直很怀念在中国的网购体验。由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。结合选项可知，A选项为过去完成进行时；B选项为过去进行时；C选项为现在完成进行时；D选项为将来进行时。故选C。
2. Smene is planning t mve ut f ur building, and their apartment will be _________ fr rent at the beginning f March.
A. availableB. nrmalC. cmpetitiveD. expensive
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有人打算搬出我们的大楼，他们的公寓将在三月初出租。A. available可获得的，可租用的；B. nrmal正常的；C. cmpetitive有竞争力的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据“Smene is planning t mve ut f ur building”可推知，有人要搬出去了，所以公寓将在三月初可以出租，应用available，表示“可获得的，可租用的”。故选A项。
3. As a symbl f the glrius histry f Chinese civilizatin, the Frbidden City _________ the cultural memry f the cuntry.
A. inventsB. preservesC. acquiresD. declares
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为中华文明辉煌历史的象征，紫禁城保存着国家的文化记忆。A. invents发明；B. preserves保存；C. acquires获得；D. declares宣布。根据“the cultural memry f the cuntry”可知，紫禁城作为历史的象征，应该是保存文化记忆。故选B。
4. The fence between the tw tennis curts _________. Sn children will have enugh space fr ftball games.
A. are remvedB. is t be remved
C. were t be remvedD. was being remved
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态结构。句意：两个网球场之间的栅栏将被拆除。很快孩子们就有足够的空间踢足球了。此处为谓语动词的填入，由第二句中的“will”可知，该句应该用将来时，所以选项中动词不定式可以表示将来，主语The fence和动词remve为被动关系，所以为动词不定式的被动语态结构，结合主语The fence为单数名词，所以为动词三单形式。故选B项。
5. We were wrried that there wuld be a lt f disagreement at the meeting, but everything went quite _________ .
A. repeatedlyB. endlesslyC. smthlyD. urgently
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们本来担心开会时会有很多分歧，但是一切进展顺利。A. repeatedly重复地；B. endlessly不断地；C. smthly顺利地；D. urgently紧急地。根据上文“We were wrried that there wuld be a lt f disagreement at the meeting, but everything went quite”可知，指本来担心开会时会有很多分歧，但是一切进展顺利。故选C。
6. Carline desn't have a natural talent fr music but she _________ it with hard wrk.
A. lives up tB. makes up frC. reaches ut tD. lks ut fr
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：卡洛琳没有音乐天赋，但她通过努力学习弥补了这一缺陷。A.lives up t不辜负；B.makes up fr弥补；C.reaches ut t联系；D.lks ut fr留意。根据“Carline desn't have a natural talent fr music”及“hard wrk”可知，她通过努力学习弥补了这一缺陷。故选B。
7. The rganizers had t cancel the utdr cncert due t the sudden thunderstrm, _________ many eager fans wh had been waiting fr hurs.
A. disappintingB. t disappint
C. having disappintedD. disappinted
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于突然的雷暴天气，组织者不得不取消了户外音乐会，使得等待了几个小时的粉丝们非常失望。此处作状语，表示“自然而然的结果”，户外音乐会的取消让粉丝们失望，故应用现在分词作结果状语，故选A。
8. When he went ut f his way t help me, I tld him hw _________ I was fr his assistance.
A. sensitiveB. annyedC. reliableD. grateful
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他尽心尽力地帮助我，我因此向他表达诚挚的感谢。A. sensitive敏感的；B. annyed生气的；C. reliable可靠的；D. grateful感激的。根据前文“he went ut f his way t help me”可知，他尽心尽力地帮助我，因此我很感激他，故应用形容词grateful作表语，故选D。
9. Frm the first explrers t tday's travelers, humans have always had a desire _________ new places.
A. t discverB. t be discvering
C t be discveredD. t have discvered
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从第一批探险者到今天的旅行者，人类一直抱有发现新领域的渴望。discver意为“发现”，与句子主语humans构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应用t discver作desire的后置定语。故选A。
10. Spring Festival is a time f gd cheer in the _________ f family and friends.
A. cmpanyB. absenceC. shapeD. attempt
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：春节是亲朋好友团聚相伴的欢乐时光。A. cmpany 陪伴；B. absence缺席；C. shape形状；D. attempt尝试。根据后文“f family and friends”可知，此处指亲朋好友团聚相伴。故选A。
11. This nline curse _________, but yu can still access and use the riginal versin.
A. has updatedB. had updated
C. has been updatedD. had been updated
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这个在线课程已经更新，但你仍然可以访问和使用原始版本。根据“yu can still access and use the riginal versin”可知，此处暗示课程已经更新，但仍可使用原版本。主语This nline curse与谓语update为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C项。
12. Exercise is nt nly gd fr ur bdies, but it can als _________ ur md and help us deal with anxiety.
A. bstB. matchC. ruinD. reflect
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：运动不仅对我们的身体有好处，而且还可以改善我们的情绪，帮助我们应对焦虑。A. bst促进，提高；B. match匹配； C. ruin毁灭；D. reflect反思。由句意和help us deal with anxiety可知，这里指运动可以“促进（改善）”我们的情绪。故选A项。
13. _________ fcusing n winning the apprval f thers, try t understand and accept yurself.
A. Because fB. Instead fC. Fr fear fD. In terms f
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不要执着于赢得他人的认可，而是要努力理解和接受自己。A. Because f 由于；B. Instead f 代替、而不是；C. Fr fear f 担心；D. In terms f 就……而言。根据“try t understand and accept yurself.”可知，不要执着于赢得他人的认可，而是努力理解和接受自己。故选B项。
14. —D yu remember little Julien frm Grade Tw?
—Well, _________, but I can’t quite think wh he is.
A. it’s up t yuB. that’s a gd pint
C. I really envy yuD. that name rings a bell
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你记得二年级的小朱力安吗？——呃，这个名字有点耳熟，但是我记不起他是谁了。A. it’s up t yu你来决定；B. that’s a gd pint说得对；C. I really envy yu我好羡慕你；D. that name rings a bell这个名字有点耳熟。根据后文“but I can’t quite think wh he is”可知，这个名字有点耳熟，但是我记不起他是谁了。故选D。
15. Cffee may cause sleep disturbance, especially when _________ in large amunts r after 2 pm.
A. cnsumedB. being cnsumedC. cnsumingD. having cnsumed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：咖啡可能会引起睡眠障碍，尤其是大量饮用后或在下午两点以后饮用。此处为状语从句的省略，且cnsume意为“吃；喝；饮用”，与句子主语 cffee构成逻辑上的动宾关系，省略be动词，故用过去分词形式。故选A。
16. The new mdel electric car shuld _________ many safety tests befre it is released t the public.
A. turn utB. bring abutC. g thrughD. set up
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：新款电动汽车在向公众发布之前应该经过许多安全测试。A. turn ut结果是；B. bring abut引起；C. g thrugh通过；D. set up建立。新型电动汽车在正式上市之前应该通过多次安全测试。故选C项。
完形填空
Passage 1
At 23, I applied fr my first jb and it was nt successful. When I received the ___17___ email, I felt disappinted and angry. I had spent days ___18___ the interview and in the end, I didn’t even knw what went wrng.
Mnths later, after a jb interview at anther cmpany, I gt a call Frm the manager. “ ___19___ , we decided t ffer the jb t smene else,” he said. “Wuld yu like t hear the feedback (反馈)?”
The manager went n t tell me I hadn’t expressed my ___20___ fr applying fr the psitin. The feedback was ___21___ t hear, but he was right. As I just wanted a jb in my hme city, I didn’t ___22___ much whether it fit my interests. The jb at the cmpany was smething I was capable f ding, but I didn’t feel ___23___ abut it — and that shwed in the interview.
Frm the nn, I decided t carefully evaluate each jb pening and nly ___24___ at I was interested in. In my applicatins, I als began ___25___ clearly why I wanted that particular jb. Sn my effrt ____26____ , as I gt an ffer I was truly excited abut.
Years later, I fund myself n the ther side f the table, interviewing ____27____ fr a psitin in my lab. One f them gt my attentin. On paper, his applicatin lked ____28____ , but the interview went badly. He didn’t seem t have dne any reading ____29____ abut my research, which made me wnder ____30____ he was truly interested in wrking with me.
When I called t tell him, I culdn’t ffer him the ____31____ , he was disappinted. I then tld him where he culd ____32____ in future interviews. As the ____33____ went n, I gt the sense that he was grateful fr what I said.
Nwadays, when my wn trainees apply fr psitins else where, I encurage them t ____34____ feedback. It’s never pleasant t ____35____ cnstructive criticism, but if we are tld where we are lagging (落后), we are mre likely t avid making the same ____36____ in the future.
17. A. cngratulatinB. invitatinC. rejectinD. cmplaint
18. A. taking upB. preparing frC. calling ffD. passing dwn
19. A. CnsequentlyB. HpefullyC. SurprisinglyD. Unfrtunately
20. A. requirementB. mtivatinC. imaginatinD. suggestin
21. A. tughB. pleasantC. frighteningD. reasnable
22. A. careB. regretC. dubtD. knw
23. A. nervusB. enthusiasticC. relaxedD. embarrassed
24. A. intrduceB. abandnC. pursueD. display
25 A. examiningB. statingC. judgingD. instructing
26. A. came abutB. faded awayC. settled dwnD. paid ff
27. A. fficialsB. candidatesC. visitrsD. emplyers
28. A. greatB. easyC. cnfusingD. cmplicated
29. A. in advanceB. n averageC. by cntrastD. fr free
30. A. thatB. whenC. whereD. whether
31. A. salaryB. degreeC. awardD. psitin
32. A. cntinueB. serveC. imprveD. participate
33. A. cnversatinB. adventureC. negtiatinD. jurney
34. A. set asideB. ask frC. put ffD. cntribute t
35. A. give awayB. insist nC. listen tD. fight fr
36. A. prpsalsB. decisinsC. cmmentsD. mistakes
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者两次面试失败后，通过获得反馈并调整求职策略，最终成功找到工作的经历。第一次失败后，他因缺乏反馈而感到失望和愤怒；第二次失败时，他得到了关于表达动机不清晰的反馈，这促使他开始仔细选择职位。最终，他只申请感兴趣的工作，并成功找到工作。后来作为面试官，作者会为求职者提供反馈，帮助他们改进。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我收到拒绝邮件时，我感到失望和愤怒。A. cngratulatin祝贺；B. invitatin邀请；C. rejectin拒绝；D. cmplaint投诉。根据后文“I felt disappinted and angry.”可知，作者会感到失望和愤怒说明被拒绝了。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我花了好几天准备面试，到最后，我甚至不知道哪里出了问题。A. taking up从事；B. preparing fr准备；C. calling ff取消；D. passing dwn传递。根据上文“I had spent days”以及宾语“the interview”指花时间准备面试。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“不幸的是，我们决定把这份工作给别人，”他说。A. Cnsequently结果；B. Hpefully有希望地；C. Surprisingly惊人地；D. Unfrtunately不幸地。根据后文“we decided t ffer the jb t smene else”可知，工作给了别人，对作者来说是不幸地。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经理接着告诉我，我没有表达我申请这个职位的动机。A. requirement要求；B. mtivatin动机；C. imaginatin想象；D. suggestin建议。根据后文“I just wanted a jb in my hme city”可知，作者的动机只是想要一份工作，这是经理没有听到作者申请时所表达出的。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些反馈让人难以接受，但他是对的。A. tugh艰难的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. frightening可怕的；D. reasnable合理的。根据后文“t hear, but he was right”中but表示转折，说明经理的话让作者难受，但却是事实。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我只想在家乡找一份工作，所以我并不太在意这份工作是否符合我的兴趣。A. care关心，在意；B. regret后悔；C. dubt怀疑；D. knw知道。根据上文“As I just wanted a jb in my hme city”以及后文“much whether it fit my interests”可知，作者只是想要一份工作，并不太在意这份工作是否符合自己的兴趣。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这家公司的工作是我有能力做的，但我对它没有热情——这在面试中表现出来了。A. nervus紧张的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. relaxed放松的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文作者面试被拒，说明作者对这份工作并没有热情，因此被经理拒绝了。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从一开始，我就决定仔细评估每一个工作机会，只追求我感兴趣的。A. intrduce介绍；B. abandn抛弃；C. pursue追求；D. display展示。根据上文“I decided t carefully evaluate each jb pening and nly”可知，作者评估工作机会，是为了追求自己感兴趣的工作。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的申请中，我也开始清楚地说明我为什么想要这份工作。A. examining检查；B. stating陈述；C. judging判断；D. instructing指导。根据后文“clearly why I wanted that particular jb”指作者在申请中陈述自己申请的理由。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：很快，我的努力得到了回报，我得到了一份令我真正兴奋的工作。A. came abut发生；B. faded away消失；C. settled dwn定居；D. paid ff取得回报。根据后文“as I gt an ffer I was truly excited abut”可知，作者得到了想要的工作，努力得到了回报。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，我发现自己站在桌子的另一边，为我实验室的一个职位面试候选人。A. fficials官员；B. candidates候选人；C. visitrs游客；D. emplyers雇主。根据上文“I fund myself n the ther side f the table”可知，作者站在了桌子的另一边，即成为了面试候选人的面试官。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在纸上，他的申请书看起来不错，但面试进行得很糟糕。A. great不错的；B. easy容易的；C. cnfusing令人困惑的；D. cmplicated复杂的。根据后文“but the interview went badly”可知，but表示转折，申请书看起来不错，但面试进行得很糟糕。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：他似乎没有提前阅读我的研究，这让我怀疑他是否真的有兴趣和我一起工作。A. in advance提前；B. n average平均的；C. by cntrast相比之下；D. fr free免费地。根据后文“abut my research, which made me wnder whether he was truly interested in wrking with me.”可知，作者怀疑他是否有兴趣和自己一起工作，所以推测他没有提前阅读作者的研究。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他似乎没有提前阅读我的研究，这让我怀疑他是否真的有兴趣和我一起工作。A. that那；B. when当……时候；C. where在哪里；D. whether是否。此处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”应用whether。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我打电话告诉他我不能给他这个职位时，他很失望。A. salary薪水；B. degree度数；C. award奖品；D. psitin职位，位置。根据上文“fr a psitin in my lab”可知，此处指给对方这个职位。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我告诉他在以后的面试中他可以改进的地方。A. cntinue继续；B. serve服务；C. imprve改善；D. participate参加。根据后文“cnstructive criticism”可推测得知，作者告诉了对方面试中可以改进的地方。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着谈话的进行，我感觉到他对我所说的话很感激。A. cnversatin谈话；B. adventure冒险；C. negtiatin谈判；D. jurney旅程。根据上文“I then tld him”指作者和对方进行了谈话。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，当我自己的学员申请其他公司的职位时，我鼓励他们寻求反馈。A. set aside留出；B. ask fr寻求；C. put ff推迟；D. cntribute t有助于。根据后文“feedback”可知，指面试者向面试官寻求反馈。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：听建设性的批评从来都不是一件愉快的事，但如果我们被告知我们落后的地方，我们更有可能避免在未来犯同样的错误。A. give away赠送；B. insist n坚持；C. listen t听；D. fight fr为……而战。根据后文“cnstructive criticism”以及后文“we are tld where we are lagging”指听建设性的批评，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：听建设性的批评从来都不是一件愉快的事，但如果我们被告知我们落后的地方，我们更有可能避免在未来犯同样的错误。A. prpsals提议；B. decisins决定；C. cmments评论；D. mistakes错误。根据上文“we are mre likely t avid making the same”可知，听从建议是为了避免犯同样的错误。故选D。
Passage 2
I had struggled with math since furth grade, but wrked very hard t ___37___ the smart students arund me. In eleventh grade, much t my classmates ___38___, I signed up fr precalculus BC, the hardest math class. That was when I met Mr. Dena and tld him I had ___39___ in math, yet I wuld try my hardest. He was cnvinced I culd succeed ___40___ the dubts frm my classmates.
Mr. Dena kept an unfrgettable ___41___ by Sir Isaac Newtn n his chalk bard: “If I have been able t see further, it is nly because I stand n the shulders f giants.” He reflected n that thrughut the year and was ___42___ t teach us mre than math.
Mr. Dena ccasinally gave partner tests, believing that we culd slve hard prblems tgether. He drew names ut f a hat t ___43___ partners. Students were ___44___ ut lud that they wuldn't be paired with me. As the “lucky” name was ___45___, the class burst int laughter. My partner jked abut being ____46____ with me. Hwever, we wrked well tgether and surprised everyne with ur ____47____ n this test. I learned s much frm my classmates and I realized this was really ____48____ we had partner tests.
The final exam was Mr. Dena's final ____49____ t us, but I failed it. I tld him I didn't understand hw I culd d s ____50____ n a test when I had studied s hard. He explained it's nt abut the grades; it's abut true understanding. If studying didn't ____51____ n a test, it wuld smeday. I knew then that ____52____ passing r failing tests, studying was abut hard wrk and effrt. And I ____53____ myself harder than I ever had.
T be challenged in math really changed the way I ____54____ ther challenges in life. I wasn't ging t let a grade stp me frm learning sme f the best lessns f my life. Mr. Dena is ne f the giants that Newtn ____55____. He has helped me see nt nly mre ____56____ ideas than I thught pssible, but wh I can be.
37 A. keep up withB. give in tC. stay away frmD. watch ut fr
38. A. srrwB. delightC. surpriseD. relief
39. A. talentB. methdsC. innvatinD. weaknesses
40. A. in spite fB. in case fC. in view fD. in cnsequence f
41. A. diaryB. quteC. essayD. letter
42. A. embarrassedB. determinedC. astnishedD. puzzled
43. A. assignB. hnrC. persuadeD. mnitr
44. A. readingB. singingC. prayingD. applauding
45. A. registeredB. changedC. abandnedD. picked
46. A. cncernedB. stuckC. impressedD. cntent
47. A. negtiatinB. mistakeC. perfrmanceD. standard
48. A. whenB. whyC. whereD. hw
49. A. decisinB. challengeC. instructinD. victry
50. A. accuratelyB. carefullyC. effrtlesslyD. prly
51. A. give utB. break dwnC. turn upD. pay ff
52. A. beyndB. withinC. upnD. acrss
53. A. praisedB. defendedC. pushedD. criticized
54. A. viewedB. createdC. ignredD. presented
55. A. admiresB. establishesC. measuresD. describes
56. A. scialB. mathematicalC. psychlgicalD. mral
【答案】37 A 38. C 39. D 40. A 41. B 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. D 51. D 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从四年级开始学数学就很吃力，同学们都不愿意和作者进行小组活动，但作者却很努力，微积分课程的老师Mr. Dena让作者理解到了学习不是关乎于考试，而是努力和付出，付出终会有回报的。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从四年级开始，我的数学就很困难，但是我努力赶上我周围那些最聪明的学生。A. keep up with赶上；B. give in t向……屈服；C. stay away frm远离；D. watch ut fr注意，留意。根据空前的“but wrked very hard t”转折but可知，尽管我的数学学起来很费力，但我还是尽力追上、赶上周围的同学，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我的同学惊讶的是，我报名了微积分BC这一课程，最难的数学课。A. srrw伤心；B. delight高兴；C. surprise惊讶；D. relief轻松。根据前文“I had struggled with math since furth grade”可知，我本身学数学就有一定的困难，但我却报名了最难的数学课，这让我的同学很惊讶，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是当我遇到Mr. Dena时候，我告诉他，我在数学上有一定的弱点，但我会尽最大的努力。A. talent天赋；B. methds方法；C. innvatin创新；D. weaknesses弱点，劣势。根据前文“I had struggled with math since furth grade”可知，我本身学数学就有一定的困难，因此我告诉Mr. Dena，我学数学有一定的劣势，故选D。
【40题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：他让我相信，即使同学怀疑我，但我还是能成功。A. in spite f尽管；B. in case f以防……； C. in view f鉴于；D. in cnsequence f因为，由于……的结果。根据空后“the dubts frm my classmates.”可知，即使我学数学有困难，即使同学对我有怀疑，但他让我相信，我还是能成功，故选A。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Dena在黑板上留下了Sir Isaac Newtn的一句难忘的话：“如果我能看得更远，那是因为我站在巨人肩膀上。”A. diary日记；B. qute引文，引语；C. essay论文；D. letter信。根据后文“Sir Isaac Newtn n his chalk bard: “If I have been able t see further, it is nly because I stand n the shulders f giants.””可知，后文提到Mr. Dena引用了的Sir Isaac Newtn一句话，写在黑板上，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一整年都在思考这一点，并决定要教我们除了数学以外更多的东西。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. determined有决心的；C. astnished惊讶的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据空前“He reflected n that thrughut the year”可知，他全年都在思考“如果我能看得更远，那只是因为我站在巨人肩膀上”这一点，因此下定决心要教我们除了数学以外更多的东西，故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档。A. assign分配；B. hnr尊敬；C. persuade说服；D. mnitr监视。根据前文“Mr. Dena ccasinally gave partner tests”可知，他会给我们进行小组测试，因此从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同学都大声祈祷不要跟我分在一组。A. reading阅读；B. singing唱歌；C. praying祈祷；D. applauding鼓掌。根据前文“I had struggled with math since furth grade”可知，我学数学有一定的困难，因此在分组的时候，同学都大声祈祷不要跟我分在一组，故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当“幸运的”名字被挑选出来时，同学们都大笑起来。A. registered注册；B. changed改变；C. abandned抛弃；D. picked挑选。根据前文“He drew names ut f a hat”可知，Mr. Dena从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档，因此当“幸运儿”的名字被选出来的时候，故选D。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的搭档开玩笑说被我缠住了。A. cncerned关心的；B. stuck被困的，被缠住的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. cntent满意的。根据前文“Students were ___8___ ut lud that they wuldn't be paired with me.”可知，同学们都不想和我一组，因此我的搭档开玩笑说被我缠住了，我会拖累他，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们合作得很好，并用我们在这次考试的成绩震惊了每个人。A. negtiatin谈判；B. mistake错误；C. perfrmance表现，成绩；D. standard标准。根据空后“n this test”可知，我们合作得很好，用考试的成绩震惊了每个人，故选C。
【48题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我从同学那里学到了很多，并且我意识到，这也就是为什么我们有小组测试。A. when当……时候；B. why为什么；C. where哪里；D. hw怎样。根据空后“we had partner tests”可知，我们进行小组测试的原因是因为我们能从搭档那里学到很多东西，故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：期末考试就是Mr. Dena对我们最后的考验，但我没能通过考试。A. decisin决定；B. challenge挑战，考验；C. instructin指导；D. victry胜利。根据前文“The final exam”可知，期末考试是Mr. Dena对我们最后的考验，故选B。
【50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，我学习如此努力了，怎么还能在考得这么差。A. accurately准确地；B. carefully小心地；C. effrtlessly不费力地；D. prly差地。根据空后“when I had studied s hard”可知，我感到很疑惑，为什么我这么努力，考试成绩却这么差，故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果学习没有在考试上得到回报，那终有一天会有回报的。A. give ut泄露，分发；B. break dwn垮掉；C. turn up出现；D. pay ff取得回报。根据后文“He explained it's nt abut the grades; it's abut true understanding.”可知，Mr. Dena解释道，学习是理解，而不是分数，因此如果努力没有在测试上取得回报，那终有一天会有回报的，故选D。
【52题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我知道了，学习是超出通过或者没通过考试的范围，是关乎于努力和汗水的。A. beynd超出……范围；B. within在……范围以内；C. upn在……上；D. acrss跨越。根据后文“studying was abut hard wrk and effrt.”可知，学习是关乎于努力和付出的，超出了通过考试或者没通过考试的范围，故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我督促自己比之前更加努力了。A. praised表扬；B. defended辩护；C. pushed督促，催促；D. criticized批评。根据前文“I knew then that ___16___ passing r failing tests, studying was abut hard wrk and effrt.”可知，我理解到学习不是关于考试是否通过，而且关乎于努力和付出的，因此我督促自己比之前更加努力了，故选C。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：挑战数学真的改变了我看到生活中的挑战的方式。A. viewed看待；B. created创造；C. ignred忽视；D. presented呈现。根据空前“T be challenged in math really changed the way”可知，挑战数学改变了我看到生活中的挑战的方式，故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Dena就是Newtn描述的巨人之一。A. admires钦佩；B. establishes建立；C. measures测量；D. describes描述。根据前文“Sir Isaac Newtn n his chalk bard: “If I have been able t see further, it is nly because I stand n the shulders f giants.””可知，Newtn说过，“如果我能看得更远，那只是因为我站在巨人肩膀上”，而作者就将Mr. Dena视为Newtn描述的巨人之一，让作者看得更远，故选D。
【56题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不仅让我看到了比我想象的更多的数学改变，还让我看到了我能成为什么。A. scial社会的；B. mathematical有关数学的；C. psychlgical心理的；D. mral道德上的。根据前文“I signed up fr precalculus BC, the hardest math class. That was when I met Mr. Dena”可知，Mr. Dena是我的数学老师，因此让我看到了比我想象的更多的数学概念，故选B。
阅读理解
Passage 1
Humans have evlved (进化) t spend lng perids ding physical exercise. But why desn’t everyne enjy exercising? The cmplexity f the human brain is t blame.
Evlving an ability desn’t autmatically mean we’ll want t use it. While physical exercise isn’t that bad, it’s still typically unpleasant. It has t be: yu’re pushing yur bdy t its physical limits, which leads t significant discmfrt.
Anther issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive t wasted effrt. Studies have shwn that it calculates the effrt required fr actins and tends t stp us frm squandering vital resurces n fruitless effrts, like walking ver 30 km fr a handful f berries.
The thing is, regular exercise t get “in shape” requires cnstant and cnsiderable effrt — all fr gradual prgress and uncertain rewards. S, yur brain’s tendency t ask, “Is it wrth it? ” will be hard t quieten. This particular feature als means we typically prefer things which ffer minimum effrt fr maximum reward.
Thankfully, the human brain is a cmplex rgan. It isn’t ruled by its mre primitive drives. While many species’ thught prcesses are limited t “Fd, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”, “Pain, avid!”, we’ve evlved beynd that. Our brains can frm multiple lng-term gals and ambitins. We can imagine a desirable future scenari (情况), figure ut hw we’d achieve it, and d just that. Or at least wrk tward it. This directly impacts hw ur brain prcesses mtivatin and willpwer. It makes us capable f delayed gratificatin (满足): we can recgnize that rejecting a reward nw can lead t a greater reward later, and act accrdingly.
S hw des the brain prcess mtivatin? The self-discrepancy (自我差异) thery suggests we have several “selves” active in ur minds at any given time: ur “actual” self, ur “ideal” self, and ur “ught” self. Yur “actual” self is hw yu are right nw. Yur “ideal” self is what yu want t be. And yur “ught” self is the self that des what yu ught t be ding t becme yur “ideal” self. S, if yur “ideal” self is a prfessinal ftballer, and yur “actual” self isn’t, yur “ught” self is the ne that spends a lt f time training, exercising, and getting better at ftball.
As far as yur brain is cncerned, there are prcesses that discurage exercise, and prcesses that encurage it. Ideally, yu’ll end up putting mre weight n the latter than the frmer.
57. What can be learnt frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Sme peple are brn physically weaker than thers.
B. Sme peple dislike driving themselves t hard physically.
C. Mst peple have the habit f ding physical exercise.
D. Mst peple d physical exercise fr cmfrt and pleasure.
58. Which is clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd “squandering” in Paragraph 3?
A. Cnserving.B. Mixing.C. Misusing.D. Sharing.
59. What is the authr’s purpse in writing Paragraph 4?
A. T raise a questin.B. T prvide a definitin.
C. T make a cmparisn.D. T further explain a pint.
60. Accrding t the authr, hw are humans different frm many ther species?
A. Humans are able t picture a favrable future.
B. Humans benefit mre frm painful experiences.
C. Humans care mre abut immediate rewards.
D. Humans are skilled at aviding dangers.
61. Accrding t the self-discrepancy thery, wh presents the mst active “ught” self?
A. A ftballer dreaming f becming a mvie star.
B. A student eating ptat chips while watching TV.
C. A prfessinal dancer perfrming at a theatre.
D. A swimmer training t win an Olympic medal.
【答案】57. B 58. C 59. D 60. A 61. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了并非人人都喜欢体育锻炼的原因，指出这是因为人脑对无谓的努力很抵触且锻炼本身的回报不确定，不过大脑能形成长期目标、处理动机，我们能学会延时满足，为目标不懈努力。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“But why desn’t everyne enjy exercising? (但是为什么不是每个人都喜欢锻炼呢？)”和第二段中“While physical exercise isn’t that bad, it’s still typically unpleasant. It has t be: yu’re pushing yur bdy t its physical limits, which leads t significant discmfrt. (虽然体育锻炼并没有那么糟糕，但它通常还是令人不愉快的。这是必然的：你正在把你的身体推向它的身体极限，这导致了明显的不适)”可知，有些人不喜欢锻炼是身体被迫达到体能极限时会感到明显不适。由此可知，有些人不喜欢对自己的身体施加太大的压力。故选B项。
【58题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Anther issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive t wasted effrt. Studies have shwn that it calculates the effrt required fr actins (另一个问题是，人类的大脑对浪费精力非常敏感。研究表明，它可以计算出行动所需的努力)”可知，人脑对无谓的努力很抵触。由此可知，此处指“它会阻止我们将重要资源浪费在无效的努力上”，画线词意思应该是“浪费，滥用”，与Misusing意思相近。故选C项。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。第三段中的“Anther issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive t wasted effrt. (另一个问题是，人类的大脑对浪费精力非常敏感)”指出人脑对无谓的努力很抵触，第四段“The thing is, regular exercise t get “in shape” requires cnstant and cnsiderable effrt — all fr gradual prgress and uncertain rewards. S, yur brain’s tendency t ask, “Is it wrth it? ” will be hard t quieten. This particular feature als means we typically prefer things which ffer minimum effrt fr maximum reward (问题是，有规律的锻炼来保持“身材”需要持续和相当大的努力——所有这些都是渐进的，回报是不确定的。所以，你的大脑问“这值得吗？”问题的倾向将很难平息。这个特殊的特征也意味着我们通常更喜欢那些付出最少努力却获得最大回报的东西)”用规律锻炼以保持身材的例子具体说明人脑的这种工作机制。由此可知，作者写第四段的目的是进一步解释上文的观点。故选D项。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“While many species’ thught prcesses are limited t “Fd, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”, “Pain, avid!”, we’ve evlved beynd that. Our brains can frm multiple lng-term gals and ambitins. We can imagine a desirable future scenari (情况), figure ut hw we’d achieve it, and d just that. (虽然许多物种的思维过程仅限于“食物，吃它！”、“危险，快跑！”、“痛苦，躲避！”，我们已经超越了这一点。我们的大脑可以形成多个长期目标和抱负。我们可以想象一个理想的未来场景，弄清楚我们如何实现它，然后去做)”可知，人类与许多其他物种的不同之处在于，人类能够想象一个美好的未来。故选A项。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“And yur “ught” self is the self that des what yu ught t be ding t becme yur “ideal” self. S, if yur “ideal” self is a prfessinal ftballer, and yur “actual” self isn’t, yur “ught” self is the ne that spends a lt f time training, exercising, and getting better at ftball. (你的“应该”自我就是做你应该做的事情来成为你的“理想”自我的那个自我。所以，如果你的“理想”自我是一名职业足球运动员，而你的“实际”自我不是，那么你的“应该”自我就是花大量时间训练、锻炼，并在足球方面做得更好的那个人)”可知，“自我差异”理论认为“应该”自我会使人为奋斗目标持续努力。由此可知，为赢得奥运奖牌而训练的游泳运动员表现出最活跃的“应该”自我。故选D项。
Passage 2
Staring at the bkcases in my study, packed with s many great bks that had remained unread, I heard a lud vice in my head — “Shame n yu! Hw can yu leave these masterpieces unread?”
The first bk I picked up was Mntaigne's Essays. T my surprise I discvered in the margins (页边空白) what clearly was my wn faded hand-writing. S I was actually reading it again, but what I was rereading seemed entirely new. I als fund sentences underlined. Only this time I wndered: Why did I underline this sentence? It's the next ne that is imprtant!
Clearly, my way f reading the text had shifted, and I myself had changed ver the years. This raised the larger questin f rereading. It cmes in many frms. There’s vluntary rereading, the result f a willful decisin t revisit a bk ne has admired, r a bk that has left ne with sme unanswered questins. This kind f planned revisit culd als be fr cnfirming certain details in the text, r fr checking n the mves f a given character. A devted teacher might als wish t refresh his clseness t a wrk, and thus avid teaching thrugh the same ld written ntes with sprific (让人瞌睡的) effects.
Cntrarily, there’s invluntary rereading. The riginal reading was either frgtten r s ttally absrbed that the new chance encunter with the text prduced surprise and astnishment. My reactin t the renewed reading n lnger crrespnded t the riginal experience, and I was n lnger sure that I recgnized myself as the same reader.
Then there are what ne might call subcnscius (潜意识的) rereadings, thse that ccur withut the specific act f reading, much as the memry f a tune can keep cming back t the mind withut its actually being heard again. This frm f remembered cntact with a bk can accmpany us during a lifetime and cntinue t strengthen and shape us. Much in the same manner, we may ver the years recite t urselves pems learnt by heart lng ag, which have becme part f ur self-recgnitin.
All f these ways f reading are valuable. Renewed cntact with a nvel r a pem can activate the search fr a better knwledge f the self. The new reading, a frm f revisin, uncvers the change in us. The newness is nt in the text. It is we wh have evlved. In the prcess f rereading, ur utlk has als been significantly changed. Rereading makes it pssible fr us t see the wrld arund us, urselves included, in a new light.
62. What did the authr find when reading Mntaigne’s Essays?
A. He still culdn't understand it.B. He had made ntes in it.
C. It was a brand new cpy.D. It was his favrite wrk.
63. Accrding t the authr, what culd be a purpse f vluntary rereading?
A. T imprve the quality f teaching.B. T learn frm admirable characters.
C. T cllect details fr writing nvels.D. T help making imprtant decisins.
64. Accrding t Paragraph 4, invluntary rereading can bring abut?
A. Unexpected reading experience.B. Ttal cncentratin n new bks.
C. Changed preferences fr bks.D. Enhanced reading skills.
65. What can be learnt abut subcnscius rereading?
A. It prevents memry frm fading.B. It helps make wh we are.
C. It invlves actual reading.D. It wrks best with petry and music.
66. What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A. Accessing Masterpieces thrugh RereadingB. Rereading: Vluntary r Invluntary?
C. Rereading: Pursuit f TruthD. Transfrmative Pwer f Rereading
【答案】62. B 63. A 64. A 65. B 66. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自己对重新阅读的感悟和想法，认为重新阅读能更好地了解自我，能让我们以新的眼光来看待周围的世界，包括自己。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The first bk I picked up was Mntaigne's Essays. T my surprise I discvered in the margins (页边空白) what clearly was my wn faded hand-writing.(我拿起的第一本书就是Mntaigne的散文。令我惊讶的是，我在页边空白处发现了明显是我自己褪色的笔记。)”可知，作者惊讶地发现书的空白处是自己之前的笔记，故选B。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“A devted teacher might als wish t refresh his clseness t a wrk, and thus avid teaching thrugh the same ld written ntes with sprific (让人瞌睡的) effects.(一位敬业的教师可能也希望重新建立与工作的亲密关系，因此避免通过具有催眠效果的相同的旧笔记来进行教学。)”可知，教师通过主动再读更新内容，提高教学质量是主动再读的目的之一，故选A。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Cntrarily, there’s invluntary rereading. The riginal reading was either frgtten r s ttally absrbed that the new chance encunter with the text prduced surprise and astnishment. My reactin t the renewed reading n lnger crrespnded t the riginal experience, and I was n lnger sure that I recgnized myself as the same reader. (相反，有一种非主动再读。原来的阅读要么被遗忘，要么完全被吸收，以至于与文本的新的偶遇产生了惊讶和震惊。我对重新阅读的反应不再符合最初的体验，我也不再确定我是否认出自己是同一个读者。)”可知，非主动再读能让读者感到与最初体验不符合的反应，因此能带来意料之外的阅读体验，故选A。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“This frm f remembered cntact with a bk can accmpany us during a lifetime and cntinue t strengthen and shape us. Much in the same manner, we may ver the years recite t urselves pems learnt by heart lng ag, which have becme part f ur self-recgnitin.(这种与书的记忆联系可以伴随我们一生，并继续加强和塑造我们。同样地，多年来，我们可能会背诵很久以前背下来的诗，这些诗已经成为我们认知的一部分。)”可知，潜意识再读有助于进一步塑造自我，是我们认知的一部分，故选B。
【66题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Rereading makes it pssible fr us t see the wrld arund us, urselves included, in a new light.(重新阅读使我们能够以新的眼光看待周围的世界，包括我们自己。)”和后文对重新阅读的介绍可知，文章主要论述了重新阅读的重要意义，即再读具有提升读者对作品、自我及世界认知的力量，故D项 “Transfrmative Pwer f Rereading(重新阅读的变革力量)” 符合文章标题，故选D。
Passage 3
Our teacher, Miss Chevalier was a small wman, with a mn face, fatty fingers and curls that sprang straight up frm her head, hence the funny name “Pdle (卷毛狗)”. She taught in ur reading club. Smetimes she wuld lk in and ask what we were reading — nt t check but t knw.
That’s what happened the day my club was reading alud a pem by Henry Lngfellw. I guess I was better than the thers, fr Miss Chevalier asked a while later, “Addie, I was wndering if yu wuld recite the whle pem t the Saturday evening’s club.” She said a famus prfessr was ging t give a lecture abut the pet, and a presentatin f that pem wuld be a fresh way t start.
She asked me t memrize it. “But that shuldn’t be a prblem fr a child f yur ability,” she added. I’m telling yu, my happy feet barely tuched the grund all the way hme. T me, that was the biggest thing ever and I sn learned the whle pem by heart, well prepared fr ur first rehearsal.
I was desperately nervus when I went t her ffice the next day. But the gd thing was she always had the smile that wuld make yu feel like yu just did smething right.
Halfway thrugh the pem, Miss Chevalier stpped me and asked if I knew what “impetuus” meant. Despite her encuraging smile, I wanted t sink thrugh the flr because I was unsure abut its prnunciatin as well as its meaning. Miss Chevalier pretended nt t have nticed my red face and handed me a dictinary, asking me t read its definitin alud. “Impetuus has tw definitins: rushing with great frce r vilence; acting suddenly, with little thught. ”
She asked me which ne fitted the pem. I read bth definitins ver again, trying t figure it ut, but Miss Chevalier must have read my mind. “There is n wrng answer,” she said, “I want t knw yur pinin, Addie.” Hesitantly, I said, “Maybe… bth.”
She liked that. “One has t be impetuus bth ways r they wuldn’t dare t face up t any challenge. Wuld yu call yurself impetuus?”
I knew she was asking fr an pinin. “My mther thinks being impetuus fr girls is imprper, anyway.”
She said my mm was smewhat right abut that. “But girls shuld als be wise t take up challenges when needed. I believe yu are such a girl.”
After that, I wuld never call Miss Chevalier “Pdle” again.
67. Why was Addie asked t recite Lngfellw’s pem t the Saturday evening’s club?
A. T help with her perfrmance.
B. T get the attentin f her classmates.
C. T set an example fr the rest f the class.
D. T try a new way t warm up the cming lecture.
68. Why did Addie feel happy n her way hme?
A. An event was ging t happen.
B. She was fully ready fr her first rehearsal.
C. She gained recgnitin fr her perfrmance.
D. She memrized the pem sner than thers.
69. What can be learned abut Miss Chevalier’s persnality frm the way she treated Addie?
A. Caring and cnsiderate.B. Easyging and carefree.
C. Curius and pen-minded.D. Disciplined and strng-willed.
70. Hw did Miss Chevalier succeed in making Addie truly understand the wrd “impetuus”?
A. By asking Addie t define it in her wn way.
B. By interpreting the tw definitins separately.
C. By cnsulting the dictinary fr its definitins.
D. By linking its definitins t Addie’s situatins.
71. What is the prbable reasn that Addie wuld never call Miss Chevalier “Pdle” again?
A. She fllwed her mther’s advice.B. She made up her mind t be a plite girl.
C. She was tuched by Miss Chevalier’s trust.D. She felt Miss Chevalier’s teaching funny.
【答案】67. D 68. C 69. A 70. D 71. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了老师希望作者以诗歌朗诵的形式为周六晚上的演讲活动来暖场，排练时作者有一个词不懂，老师耐心引导作者理解，使作者逐渐领悟该词词义，作者很感动。
【67题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中“She said a famus prfessr was ging t give a lecture abut the pet, and a presentatin f that pem wuld be a fresh way t start. (她说一位著名的教授要给这位诗人做讲座，而这首诗的演讲将是一个新的开始)”可知，老师谢瓦利埃小姐希望作者以诗歌朗诵的形式为周六晚上的演讲活动来暖场，D项“尝试一种新的方式来为即将到来的讲座热身”符合题意。故选D项。
【68题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中““But that shuldn’t be a prblem fr a child f yur ability,” she added. (“但对于你这种能力的孩子来说，这应该不是问题，”她补充道)”可知，老师信任作者的朗诵能力，她感到非常高兴，C项“她的表现获得了认可”符合题意。故选C项。
【69题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段中“But the gd thing was she always had the smile that wuld make yu feel like yu just did smething right. (但好的是，她总是面带微笑，让你觉得你做得对)”和第五段中“Despite her encuraging smile, I wanted t sink thrugh the flr because I was unsure abut its prnunciatin as well as its meaning. Miss Chevalier pretended nt t have nticed my red face and handed me a dictinary, asking me t read its definitin alud. (尽管她微笑着鼓励我，但我还是想沉下去，因为我不确定它的发音和含义。谢瓦利埃小姐假装没有注意到我的脸红，递给我一本词典，让我大声朗读它的定义)”可知，老师对作者很关爱和耐心指导。由此推知，老师是一个关心人和体贴的人。故选A项。
【70题详解】
推理判断题。由第六段中““There is n wrng answer,” she said, “I want t knw yur pinin, Addie.”(“没有错误的答案，”她说，“我想知道你的意见，艾迪)”，第七段中“One has t be impetuus bth ways r they wuldn’t dare t face up t any challenge. Wuld yu call yurself impetuus? (一个人必须左右都冲动，否则他们不敢面对任何挑战。你会说自己冲动吗？)”， 第八段中“My mther thinks being impetuus fr girls is imprper, anyway. (不管怎样，我妈妈认为对女孩冲动是不合适的)” 和第九段“She said my mm was smewhat right abut that. “But girls shuld als be wise t take up challenges when needed. I believe yu are such a girl.”(她说我妈妈说得对。“但女孩们也应该明智地在需要时接受挑战。我相信你就是这样一个女孩。”)”可知，通过教师与作者对话的叙述，教师通过一系列问题把作者的成长背景和“impetuus”词义联系起来，使作者逐渐领悟该词词义，D项“把它的定义与艾迪的情况联系起来”符合题意。故选D项。
【71题详解】
推理判断题。由第九段中“But girls shuld als be wise t take up challenges when needed. I believe yu are such a girl. (但女孩们也应该明智地在需要时接受挑战。我相信你就是这样一个女孩)”可推知，老师的信任令作者感动，所以作者再也不会称谢瓦利埃小姐为“卷毛狗”。故选C项。
Passage 4
Research smetimes prves, with data, what we mre r less already knw（e. g. Exercise is gd fr yu, and plluted air isn’t）. Still, smetimes ur assumptins are incrrect, and scientific findings surprise researchers, alng with the rest f us. A recent example is the phenmenn f disappearing lakes in parts f the frzen treeless Arctic（北极的） regin.
Yu might think these lakes wuld be expanding, nt disappearing. As climate change warms the regin — melting（融化）surface snw and ice as well as the permafrst（永冻层）— there shuld be mre surface water, frming larger lakes and even new nes. Recently, hwever, scientists have bserved nt just shrinking（缩小的） lakes but lakes that have cmpletely gne away.
Many scientists shared the cmmnsense expectatin that as permafrst melted, lakes wuld at first expand with meltwater flwing int them. Eventually, researchers made a predictin that prgressive warming during the 21st and 22nd centuries wuld dry ut the Arctic, and lakes wuld begin t shrink. But nw it lks as if Arctic lakes are disappearing a century sner than predicted. A case in pint is that sme large, age-ld lakes shrank dramatically in what appears t have been a matter f mnths. Scientists have labeled this phenmenn “disastrus lake lss”
What caused this? The frzen slid grund actually cntains bits f rck, mineral and rganic matter, leaving spaces in between. And because these spaces are filled with slid ice, liquid water cannt readily get inside, but it can when the permafrst melts, allwing mre water t get thrugh. Sn after that, arund 192 lakes in nrthwestern Alaska are gne frm sight.
Why did scientists miss this? One prbable reasn is that mst climate mdels assume that the melting f permafrst is driven nly by warming air.
New evidence suggests, hwever, that rainfall — particularly increasing autumn rain — is nw cntributing significantly t permafrst lss. The rainfall carries heat int the grund. Yet nne f the existing mdels includes such prcesses.
That is a gd example f why — n matter hw cmplex ur mdels are r may ne day be — we need direct bservatin f the natural wrld.
72. What des Paragraph 1 mainly tell us?
A. General knwledge can at times turn ut t be true.
B. Cmmnsense assumptins can smetimes prve wrng.
C. Research findings shuld be built n ppular assumptins.
D. Scientific research is inspired by an unknwn phenmenn.
73. Cntrary t the general expectatin, climate change has caused ________.
A. a rapid rise f water surfaceB. the permafrst t melt faster
C. many Arctic lakes t grw largerD. the disappearance f many Arctic lakes
74. The disastrus climatic impacts n the Arctic regin have been ________.
A. prved with emerging lakesB. underestimated by scientists
C. well predicted by researchersD. shwn elsewhere in the wrld
75. Why is the frzen Arctic grund hard fr water t get thrugh?
A. Because f the slid ice within it.
B. Because f its unique cmpsitin.
C. Because it is far away frm the waters.
D. Because snw rarely melts n frzen grund.
76. What lessn can we learn frm the passage?
A. Direct bservatin is a must fr scientific research.
B. Scientific research is guaranteed by sufficient lab facilities.
C. New evidence shuld be fund t back up research findings.
D. Scientific predictins shuld be mstly based n research mdels.
【答案】72. B 73. D 74. B 75. A 76. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章通过对在冰冻无树的北极地区部分湖泊消失的现象这一实例的分析，表明了直接观察自然世界对科学研究是必要的。
【72题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Research smetimes prves, with data, what we mre r less already knw.(研究有时会用数据证明我们或多或少已经知道的事情。)”和“Still, smetimes ur assumptins are incrrect, and scientific findings surprise researchers, alng with the rest f us.(尽管如此，有时我们的假设是不正确的，科学发现让研究人员和我们其他人感到惊讶。)”可知，该段表明有时一些常识性的假设可能被证明是错误的。故选B。
【73题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Yu might think these lakes wuld be expanding, nt disappearing.(你可能会认为这些湖泊会扩大，而不是消失。)”和“Recently, hwever, scientists have bserved nt just shrinking（缩小的） lakes but lakes that have cmpletely gne away.(然而，最近科学家们不仅观察到湖泊在萎缩，而且还观察到湖泊已经完全消失。)”可知，与人们的普遍预期相反，气候变化已经引起了许多北极湖泊的消失。故选D。
【74题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But nw it lks as if Arctic lakes are disappearing a century sner than predicted.(但现在看来，北极湖泊的消失似乎比预测的要早一个世纪。)”可知，对比之前科学家的预测，一些北极湖泊似乎消失得要快很多，可见灾难性的气候对北极地区的影响一直被科学家低估了。故选B。
【75题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“And because these spaces are filled with slid ice, liquid water cannt readily get inside,(因为这些空间充满了固体冰，液态水不容易进入，)”可知，因为冻土层中的空间里充满了坚实的冰，导致液体水无法进入。故选A。
【76题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“That is a gd example f why — n matter hw cmplex ur mdels are r may ne day be — we need direct bservatin f the natural wrld.(这是一个很好的例子——说明为什么不管我们的例子有多复杂，或者有一天可能会复杂——我们都需要直接观察自然世界。)”可知，文章通过对在冰冻无树的北极地区部分湖泊消失的现象这一实例的分析，让我们学到了直接观察自然世界对科学研究是必要的。故选A。
阅读表达
Passage 1
阅读表达
Awake frm a shrt sleep in her chair, my grandmther ran her fingers thrugh her wavy white hair, lked ut her windw at the blue sky, and asked me what I wuld wish fr if I had just ne wish.
She ften asks this, and I always answer the same way—“T have Granddad back” —which usually gets her reminiscing abut him. Memries f their 67-year life tgether wuld always make her smile.
My grandmther was brn in Ireland. In her teens, she mved t a pr village in England. At 28, my grandmther walked herself thrugh the snw t birth her first child. When she was 50, she survived an emergency surgery. In her 60s, she suffered frm arthritis(关节炎)but still managed t climb Snwdn, Wales’s tallest peak.
Abut a decade ag, I nticed that she began t lse her hearing. If I asked what she had fr lunch, she might say, “Oh, the weather has been lvely tday. ” She seemed t recycle the same handful f answers t my questins.
In recent years, I’ve been trying t shw up fr her mre, in persn. One day after I made us cffee, I asked her: “What’s the secret t being successful in yur 90s? ”
“Oh Richard, s many peple are ld at 60. They just want t sit all day. Yu wn’t make it t 90 like that. Yu have t try. ”
“Try what? ”
“Try walking, ” she said. “Try gardening. Try cking. Trying desn’t require a lt f trying. Just try a little . Like, with this cffee yu’ve made us. I knw yu tried . ”
Even at 93, my grandmther still knits blankets fr the lcal hspital’s babies and buys bks t cntinue with her French. “Age is just anther bt- her attempting t cnvince yu f the impssible in the wrld, but actually the wrld is filled with pssibilities,” she nce said.
77. What des the underlined phrase mean in Paragraph 2? (n mre than 2 wrds)
______________________________________________________________________________________
78. What is the main idea f Paragraph 3? (n mre than 10 wrds)
______________________________________________________________________________________
79. Why did the authr’s grandmther recycle the same answers t his questins? (n mre than 10 wrds)
______________________________________________________________________________________
80. Hw can peple be successful in ld age accrding t the authr’s grandmther? (n mre than 10 wrds)
______________________________________________________________________________________
81. In yur pinin, what can yung peple d t imprve the quality f ld peple’s life? (n mre than 20 wrds)
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】77. Remembering.##Thinking f. ##Thinking abut. ##Missing.
78. My grandmther has## had a rich life experience.##My grandmther has gne thrugh a lt. ##My grandmther is##was an extrardinary wman.
79. Because she began t lse her hearing. ##Because she culd nt hear clearly.
80. They shuld remain active in ld age.##By trying different things. ##They shuld try ding things.
81. We can help ld peple t learn new skills s that they can keep pace with sciety.##They can visit their grandparents mre ften and spend time with them.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者与祖母之间的日常交流，重点描绘了祖母积极向上、勇于尝试的生活态度，并表达了年龄不是限制、世界充满可能性的主旨。
【77题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据第二段划线词前面的内容“She ften asks this, and I always answer the same way—“T have Granddad back” (她经常问我这个问题，我总是这样回答——“为了让爷爷回来。”)”以及划线词后的内容“Memries f their 67-year life tgether wuld always make her smile.(他们67年的共同生活总是让她微笑。)”可知，作者总是以同样的方式来回答：让爷爷回来，一提到这就会让奶奶想起了和爷爷在一起的时光，这些时光总是让奶奶微笑。故划线词意为“想起，记起来，想念”。故答案为Remembering./Thinking f./ Thinking abut. /Missing.
【78题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“My grandmther was brn in Ireland. In her teens, she mved t a pr village in England. At 28, my grandmther walked herself thrugh the snw t birth her first child. When she was 50, she survived an emergency surgery. In her 60s, she suffered frm arthritis(关节炎)but still managed t climb Snwdn, Wales’s tallest peak.(我祖母出生在爱尔兰。在她十几岁的时候，她搬到了英国的一个贫穷的村庄。28岁时，我的祖母在雪地里步行生下了她的第一个孩子。50岁时，她在一次紧急手术中幸存下来。60多岁时，她饱受关节炎之苦，但仍成功攀登了威尔士最高峰斯诺登峰。)”可知，本段主要介绍了奶奶的生活经历描述了奶奶具有丰富的人生经历，她是一位非凡的女性。故答案为My grandmther has/had a rich life experience./My grandmther has gne thrugh a lt./My grandmther is/was an extrardinary wman.
【79题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Abut a decade ag, I nticed that she began t lse her hearing. If I asked what she had fr lunch, she might say, “Oh, the weather has been lvely tday. ”(大约十年前，我注意到她的听力开始下降。如果我问她午餐吃了什么，她可能会说：“哦，今天天气真好。”)”可知，作者注意到祖母十年前开始失去听力，所以当作者问她午饭吃了什么时，她可能会说“哦，今天天气真好。”，这说明她无法听清作者的问题，因此会用同样的几个答案来回答作者的问题。故答案为Because she began t lse her hearing./Because she culd nt hear clearly.
【80题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第六段中““Oh Richard, s many peple are ld at 60. They just want t sit all day. Yu wn’t make it t 90 like that. Yu have t try. ”(“哦，Richard，很多人60岁就老了。他们只想整天坐着。你这样活不到90岁的。你必须尝试。”)”以及第八段““Try walking, ” she said. “Try gardening. Try cking. Trying desn’t require a lt f trying. Just try a little . Like, with this cffee yu’ve made us. I knw yu tried . ”(“试试走路，”她说。“试试园艺。试着做饭。尝试并不需要很多尝试。就尝一点。比如，你给我们煮的咖啡。我知道你尽力了。”)”可知，作者祖母认为人要想在老年时成功，就要不断尝试。故答案为They shuld remain active in ld age./By trying different things./ They shuld try ding things.
【81题详解】
开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，回答合理即可。根据问题内容“In yur pinin, what can yung peple d t imprve the quality f ld peple’s life? (在你看来，年轻人能做些什么来提高老年人的生活质量？)”可知，本人认为：我们可以帮助老年人学习新的技能，使他们能够跟上社会的步伐。或者他们可以更经常地看望他们的祖父母，花时间和他们在一起。故答案为We can help ld peple t learn new skills s that they can keep pace with sciety./They can visit their grandparents mre ften and spend time with them.
Passage 2
阅读表达
Studies shw teaching children hw t ck at an early age helps with reading cmprehensin and fine mtr ability, in additin t learning abut nutritin and fd safety. In 2015 Stephanie Drewry was lking fr a cking summer camp fr her three children. T her dismay, she quickly realized such a camp didn’t exist.
“I have my degree in educatin, but I had been staying hme with my kids, ” Drewry says. “I lve wrking with kids, s I just decided t take a spare bedrm and turn it int a ne-rm cking schl called Spruts Cking Schl. ”
The schl grew in ppularity s quickly that Drewry realized she wuld need mre space utside her hme fr the classes. In 2017 she mved Spruts int a 1,400-square-ft strefrnt (临街店面) in Carmel, Indiana. As demand grew, Drewry pened anther Spruts in the same area in 2022.
“Our classrms are built with kids in mind. The wrktps (操作台) in the classrms are slightly lwer than nrmal t fit in with their height,” Drewry says. “All f the cking facilities are dmestic nes. I wanted t have them feel like cking in their wn hme.”
The schl ffers activities targeted at kids aged 3 t 13. Yunger kids might make ckies while lder nes are cking sup and meatballs. There are birthday parties and summer camps as well. The fun part f the activities is that the kids can eat r take hme whatever they make. They can als enjy themselves in the themed classes like Harry Ptter r Winter Wnder-land Baking. With all these activities, the schl is extremely ppular.
Teaching kids, especially thse picky eaters, t ck helps a lt because they’re mre willing t eat smething made by themselves. Mre imprtantly, it is als abut releasing children int the wrld with a life skill they’ll need as an adult when they’re n lnger in their parents’ care.
82. What des the underlined wrd mean in Paragraph 1? (1 wrd)
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83. Why was Spruts mved int a 1,400-square-ft strefrnt in 2017? (n mre than 10 wrds)
______________________________________________________________________________________
84. Hw des the schl design the classrms in cnsideratin f kids’ height? (n mre than 10 wrds)
______________________________________________________________________________________
85. Why is the schl s ppular accrding t Paragraph 5? (n mre than10 wrds)
______________________________________________________________________________________
86. Besides cking, what ther life skills wuld yu like t develp? Please give ne example and explain why. (n mre than 20 wrds)
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【答案】82. Disappintment. / Unhappiness. / Frustratin. / Wrry. / Sadness. / Discuragement. / Dissatisfactin. / Discntent.
83. Because f its grwing ppularity and need fr mre space.
Or: Because it needed mre space fr classes.
Or: Because it became ppular very quickly.
84. By slightly lwering the wrktps.
Or: The schl makes the wrktps lwer than nrmal.
Or: The wrktps are slightly lwer than nrmal.
85. Because it ffers different kinds f fun activities.
Or: Because varius/ diverse and interesting activities are ffered.
Or: It ffers fun activities targeted at children f different ages.
86. I’d like t develp the skill f driving. I can g t different places and enjy a cnvenient life.
Or: Swimming. I have a better chance f survival in case f emergency.
Or: Cmmunicatin skills. With gd cmmunicatin skills, I can establish gd interpersnal relatinships with peple arund me.
Or: Cmputer skills. Gd cmputer skills enable me t enjy a mre cnvenient and efficient life.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了斯蒂芬妮·德鲁里为了让自己的孩子学习烹饪知识，建立了烹饪学校，介绍了学校的一些情况。
【82题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据第一段“Stephanie Drewry was lking fr a cking summer camp fr her three children(斯蒂芬妮·德鲁里正在为她的三个孩子寻找一个烹饪夏令营)”和下文“she quickly realized such a camp didn’t exist.(她很快意识到这样的营地并不存在)”可知，Drewry想让孩子参加烹饪夏令营，但是发现没有此类项目，所以感到很失望。故划线词意思是“失望”或“不开心”、“沮丧”、“担心”或“悲伤”。故答案为Disappintment. / Unhappiness. / Frustratin. / Wrry. / Sadness./ Discuragement. / Dissatisfactin. / Discntent.
【83题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“The schl grew in ppularity s quickly that Drewry realized she wuld need mre space utside her hme fr the classes.(这所学校受欢迎的速度如此之快，以至于德鲁里意识到她需要在家外面有更多的地方来上课)”可知，Drewry的学校大受欢迎，所以需要更大的办学空间。故答案为Because f its grwing ppularity and need fr mre space. Or: Because it needed mre space fr classes.
Or: Because it became ppular very quickly.
【84题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“Our classrms are built with kids in mind. The wrktps (操作台) in the classrms are slightly lwer than nrmal t fit in with their height(我们的教室是为孩子们而建的。教室里的工作台面略低于正常水平，以适应他们的身高)”可知，Spruts学校的设计以学生为本，教室内的操作 台比正常高度稍低，以适应孩子们的身高。故答案为By slightly lwering the wrktps.
Or: The schl makes the wrktps lwer than nrmal.
Or: The wrktps are slightly lwer than nrmal.
【85题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段“The schl ffers activities targeted at kids aged 3 t 13. Yunger kids might make ckies while lder nes are cking sup and meatballs. There are birthday parties and summer camps as well. The fun part f the activities is that the kids can eat r take hme whatever they make. They can als enjy themselves in the themed classes like Harry Ptter r Winter Wnder-land Baking. With all these activities, the schl is extremely ppular.(这所学校提供针对3至13岁儿童的活动。年幼的孩子可能会做饼干，而年长的孩子正在做汤和肉丸。也有生日聚会和夏令营。这些活动的有趣之处在于，孩子们可以吃自己做的东西，也可以把它们带回家。他们还可以在哈利波特或冬日仙境烘焙等主题课程中尽情享受。由于这些活动，这所学校非常受欢迎)”可知，学校提供了各种各样有趣的课程和活动，深受学生喜爱。故答案为Because it ffers different kinds f fun activities.
Or: Because varius/ diverse and interesting activities are ffered. Or: It ffers fun activities targeted at children f different ages.
【86题详解】
考查开放题。要求“除了烹饪，你还想培养哪些生活技能？请举一个例子并解释原因。”可回答我想提高驾驶技术。我可以去不同的地方，享受便利的生活。或者：游泳。在紧急情况下我有更大的生存机会。或者：沟通技巧。有良好的沟通能力，能与周围的人建立良好的人际关系。或者：计算机技能。良好的计算机技能使我能够享受更方便、更高效的生活。故答案为I’d like t develp the skill f driving. I can g t different places and enjy a cnvenient life.
Or: Swimming. I have a better chance f survival in case f emergency.
Or: Cmmunicatin skills. With gd cmmunicatin skills, I can establish gd interpersnal relatinships with peple arund me.
Or: Cmputer skills. Gd cmputer skills enable me t enjy a mre cnvenient and efficient life.
书面表达
87. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。一位外国游客近日在Understanding China网站上发布短视频，赞叹科技在中国人购物、出行、学习等方面的广泛应用，一位名为 Chris的网友在评论区询问是否确实如此。请根据以下提示留言：
（1）对视频反映的情况予以肯定；
（2）介绍科技在你生活中的应用；
（3）希望国际友人来中国亲身体验。
试题词汇：短视频 vide clip
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Chris,
What yu see in the vide clip is all true. Technlgy is indeed everywhere in ur life.
Every day, I g t schl by subway. I pay the fare with my mbile phne. In my schl, every classrm is equipped with a big tuch screen, s we dn’t use blackbards anymre. If I need bks fr study, I will d shpping nline. With a simple click, the bks will be delivered t my dr the next day. During hlidays, my family usually g traveling by high speed train, which carries us t ur destinatins with speed and cmfrt.
If yu have the chance t cme t China, yu can see fr yurself. Yu will be amazed by the fact that Chinese peple are s at ease with technlgy.
Best regards,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就外国游客在网站上发布短视频，赞叹科技在中国人购物、出行、学习等方面的广泛应用，对网友Chris在评论区询问一事进行留言。
【详解】1.词汇积累
地铁：subway→undergrund
配备：be equipped with→be furnished with
机会：chance→pprtunity
惊讶的：amazed→astnished
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Technlgy is indeed everywhere in ur life.
拓展句：It is certain that technlgy is indeed everywhere in ur life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】During hlidays, my family usually g traveling by high speed train, which carries us t ur destinatins with speed and cmfrt. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Yu will be amazed by the fact that Chinese peple are s at ease with technlgy. (运用了that引导的同位语从句)
88. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，学校即将举办“低碳校园，从我做起”英语主题演讲活动，你要报名参加。请根据以下提示，写一篇演讲稿：
（1）指出校园中不符合低碳环保理念的现象；
（2）建议从身边小事做起，如……；
（3）号召大家行动起来。
试题词汇：低碳校园 lw carbn campus
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
My fellw students,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu!
【答案】My fellw students,
Recently, sme careless behavirs like wasting fd and leaving lights n all day lng at schl have raised ur cncern, all f which are bad fr the envirnment. T deal with such prblems. I’d like t give the fllwing prpsals t prmte awareness f green living.
Firstly, always turn ff the lights in yur classrm upn leaving. Secndly, dn’t rder mre than yu need in the schl canteen t save every bit f fd. After all, the prductin f fd prduces a large amunt f greenhuse gases. Thirdly, take reusable water bttles alng instead f bttled water t reduce plastic waste.
Small acts can make a big difference. S let’s d smething t create a beautiful, lw carbn campus.
Thank yu!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生按要求写一篇演讲稿，参加学校即将举办的“低碳校园，从我做起”英语主题演讲活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
处理：deal with → tackle with
想要做某事：wuld like t d sth. → feel like ding sth.
关掉：turn ff → switch ff
减少：reduce → diminish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thirdly, take reusable water bttles alng instead f bttled water t reduce plastic waste.
拓展句：Thirdly, take reusable water bttles alng instead f bttled water s that we can reduce plastic waste.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, sme careless behavirs like wasting fd and leaving lights n all day lng at schl have raised ur cncern, all f which are bad fr the envirnment. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】T deal with such prblems. I’d like t give the fllwing prpsals t prmte awareness f green living. (运用了不定式形式作目的状语)
Li Jin
@ Chris
Psted n Mar. 15, 202411: 00 AM