2024-2025学年上海市奉贤区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷含答案

这是一份2024-2025学年上海市奉贤区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷含答案，共12页。试卷主要包含了 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，45B，__________等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.考试时间105分钟,试卷满分115分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置。
I. Grammar and vcabulary
Sectin A (10分)
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
The Best Music t Bst Prductivity
Hw many times have yu put n yur headphnes t help yu cncentrate n yur tasks? Varius studies have tried t address the questin f (1)________ music in the wrkplace can be helpful r nt. The shrt answer seems t be yes, but it depends n the jb and the music.
In ne study, machine peratrs at a clthes manufacturer became (2)________ (prductive) when they listened t relaxing music; the researchers therefre suggested trying music with a faster pace instead. Hwever, in anther study (3)________ (cnduct) amng surgens wh perated n patients while listening t classical music, it shwed that they were bth faster and mre accurate in perfrmance. In this case, the researchers advised against high pace r lud music (4)________ it culd be distracting.
Accrding t sme scientists, n matter what task yu’re engaged in, lyrics in music (5)________ negatively impact yur attentin. Hwever, if (6)________ (listen) t lyric-less r classical tunes annys yu, yu’re prbably nt ging t be very prductive, s it ultimately depends n yur persnal preference.
There might be a link between ‘emtinal use’ f music at wrk and perfrmance, t. Essentially, if yur md imprves, s des yur wrk. T sme extent, then, yu may be best ff playing music (7)________ makes yu happy. Interestingly, thugh, ne 2023 study, which surveyed 244 peple wh listened t music at wrk, revealed n benefit when music (8)________ (use) fr cgnitive thinking r just played in the backgrund.
But if yu’re just here fr the best tracks (9)________ (bst) yur prductivity, we’ve gt sme recmmendatins fr yu. The tp three sngs mst ften included in wrk-related Sptify lists (10)________ (be): ‘Drps f Jupiter’ (Train), ‘Dreams’ (Fleetwd Mac) and ‘Dn’t Stp Believin’ (Jurney). Integrate these sngs int yur wrkday and experience the bst in prductivity they can prvide.
Sectin B (10分)
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Skyquake
If yu’ve ever heard a lud, distant bming nise with n bvius explanatin like a thunderstrm r a car backfiring, then yu might have experienced a skyquake. Skyquakes have been reprted arund the wrld and lcals have ___11___ names fr them in different regins. Near Seneca Lake in New Yrk State, they’re knwn as ‘Seneca guns’; in Belgium they’re called ‘mistpeffers’; and the Japanese refer t them as ‘uminari’, which ___12___ means ‘cries frm the sea.’
Sme scientists have suggested that a type f meter(流星)culd be the cause. These space rcks explde when they ___13___ Earth’s atmsphere. If this ccurred abve thick clud, the sund culd ___14___ acrss a wide area. Hwever, there is n ___15___ evidence reaching the grund.
A(n) ___16___ explanatin is the gas cming ut f the bttm f the lake. Several ht spts fr skyquake activity are clse t large, deep lakes, such as Seneca. But skyquakes have als been reprted away frm such water bdies.
Researchers at the University f Nrth Carlina cmpared lcal news reprts with infrmatin frm ___17___ sensrs and earthquake detectrs. They were unable t identify any earthquake activity that cincided with the strange nises, ___18___ ruling ut grund shaking as the cause f it. They cncluded that this phenmenn is ___19___ t the atmsphere. Pssible reasns culd include meters explding in the sky r the sund f big waves getting luder because f special weather cnditins near the cean. Over the years, many f these ___20___ mystery nises have turned ut t be caused by military planes flying faster than the speed f sund.
Given the diversity f lcatins and explanatins, it’s pssible that skyquakes in different parts f the wrld have different causes. But fr nw, their true cause remains mysterius.
II. Reading Cmprehensin (45分)
Sectin A (15分)
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
The rigid crridrs f Weltn Academy carried the weight f traditin and cnfrmity (循规蹈矩). Jhn Keating, an English teacher with a(n) ___21___ f mystery and passin, stepped int the academy like a breath f freshness in a dull rm. His very presence was a(n) ___22___ t the lng-established nrms f the schl.
He was nt ne t simply stand at the frnt f the classrm and lectured abut Shakespeare’s petry r the rules f grammar. ___23___, he had a unique way f making the wrds cme alive. In his first class, he walked int the rm, a twinkle in his eye, and led the bys ut int the hallway. Pinting at the ld, faded pictures f frmer students, he said, “Carpe diem, bys. Seize the day. Make yur lives ___24___. These men were nce just like yu, with dreams and ptential. Dn’t let this place bury yur ambitins.”
His special haven, the “Whispers f the Bard,” was a magical place hidden away frm the ___25___ eyes f the schl authrities. Here, under the pen sky, Keating wuld gather the students arund him. He wuld recite petry with such enthusiasm that the wrds seemed t ___26___in the air. “Petry,” he tld them, “is nt just abut rhymes and meters. It’s the language f the ___27___. It’s the way we express the deepest desires and the wildest dreams that we hld ___28___us.”
He encuraged each student t find their wn vice between the lines f the great pets. T Neil Perry, wh had a hidden passin fr the ___29___ burning like a small fire in his heart, Keating was like a guiding star. He saw the ptential in Neil’s eyes and said, “Neil, the stage is waiting fr yu. Dn’t let anyne even yur father ___30___ yur light. Yur dreams are precius, and yu have the talent t make them cme true.” He helped Neil practice his lines, shwing him hw t ___31___ his emtins thrugh every wrd. Under Keating’s guidance in every sessin, Neil grew mre cnfident, believing that he culd even ___32___ what his father expected f him.
Fr Tdd Andersn, wh was shy and ften ___33___ by his brther seemingly excellent at everything, Keating nticed his talent fr seeing the deeper meaning in literature. “Tdd,” he said, “yur mind is a treasure chest. Open it and share yur thughts with the wrld. Dn’t be afraid t ___34___. Yur interpretatins are as valuable as any ther’s.” With Keating’s encuraging wrds, Tdd started t cme ut f his ___35___, finding the curage t speak up and express himself.
Keating’s encuragement was like a gentle wind that blew thrugh the lives f these students, fanning the flames f their dreams and giving them the strength t pursue what they truly lved.
Sectin B (22分)
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
A
In the year 1669, a German trader named Hennig Brand set ut n an unusual quest that wuld lead t ne f the mst fascinating discveries in the histry f chemistry. Brand, driven by the age-ld alchemists’ dream f magically turning base metals int gld, cnducted a series f experiments that wuld frever change ur understanding f elements.
Brand’s jurney began with an assumptin that the key t creating “gld” resided in human urine (尿液). This seemingly strange idea was fueled by the bservatin that urine shared a similar yellw clr with the precius metal. Acting n this belief, Brand cllected an astnishing 5000 liters f urine and allwed it t stand and ferment (发酵).
After weeks f fermentatin, Brand biled the urine dwn t a thick, sticky substance. He then mixed this paste with sand and heated the mixture t an extreme temperature. What emerged frm this prcess was a substance that was entirely new t the wrld f science – a white slid that shne with a sft light in the dark.
Brand named this glwing material “phsphrus,” riginating frm the Greek wrds fr “light bearer.” The discvery f phsphrus was nt just a scientific breakthrugh; it captured the imaginatin f the public and the scientific cmmunity alike. Its ability t give ff light in the darkness was bth fascinating and mysterius.
The implicatins f Brand’s discvery were far-reaching. Phsphrus was nt nly a nvelty but als a substance with practical applicatins. It wuld later becme an essential cmpnent in the prductin f matches, fertilizers, and varius chemicals.
Hennig Brand’s accidental discvery f phsphrus in 1669 was mre than just finding a new element; it marked the end f the era f the perid f magic chemistry and the beginning f mdern chemistry. Brand’s phsphrus, nce sught as a means t wealth, became a crnerstne in the field f science, a clear demnstratin f pwer f curisity and the unexpected paths that can lead t enlightenment.
What is the main idea f the passage?
A. The fall f ancient alchemists and the rise f mdern chemists.
B. The accidental discvery f phsphrus and its scientific impact.
C. The imprtance f human urine in scientific experiments.
D. The transfrmatin f base metals int gld thrugh magic.
What was Hennig Brand’s initial gal when he started his experiments?
A. T turn human urine int gld.B. T discver a new element.
C. T prduce a glwing substance.D. T refrm mdern chemistry.
The underlined wrd “crnerstne” in the last paragraph is clsest in meaning t ______.
A. mysteryB. symblC. bstacleD. fundatin
What can be inferred abut Hennig Brand frm the passage?
A. He was a serius chemist wh fllwed established scientific methds.
B. He was a visinary scientist wh predicted the future f chemistry.
C. He was a curius individual willing t explre uncnventinal ideas.
D. He was a wealthy trader with a deep understanding f chemistry.

B
40.Accrding t the ntice bard, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. The subway is the nly way t travel in the city.
B. The subway runs every 4 minutes any time f the day.
C. An entire jurney f 24 statins takes 15 minutes.
D. An adult ticket fr a full circuit csts nly £1.80.
41.T arrive at Kelvinbridge n a weekday mrning as sn as pssible, yu can take the earliest train frm St Ench at ____________.
A. 6:34B. 6:32C. 10:00D. 10:03
42.A cuple taking a 15-year-ld and a newbrn n a ONE-DAY trip in Glasgw can maximize their subway experience by paying ____________.
A. £6.45B. £8.40C. £10.75D. £12.90
C
Fr the first time, scientists have bserved the brain thrughut the pregnancy (怀孕) timeline. Sex hrmnes, like estrgen and teststerne, are pwerful players in the brain, affecting md, memry, and mre. Sme f the mst dramatic hrmnal changes that humans experience happen during pregnancy, and yet thse nine mnths have been a black bx fr human neurscience until nw.
A new study published this week in Nature Neurscience prvides the mst extensive lk inside that black bx yet. Researchers scanned the brain f ne wman 26 times ver the entire curse f her pregnancy – befre, during and after. Brain scans shw that tracks f white matter get strnger during pregnancy. Previus brain imaging studies frm befre and after pregnancy have shwn that pregnancy shrinks (缩小) parts f the brain, specifically its gray matter. These uter layers f the brain are respnsible fr mst f sensatin, learning and ther great things the brain des.
Shrinking gray matter may sund scary, but it happens t all f us thrughut develpment t fine-tune ur neural prcessing and make ur brains mre efficient. Thugh the term “mmmy brain” is ften used t refer t the brain fg and frgetfulness sme peple feel during pregnancy, the brain changes are likely adaptive. Fr example, yu may be frgetting where yur keys are, but yu are way mre fcused n what is happening t yur baby. Researchers are particularly interested in changes within brain regins that help with scial cgnitin by allwing us t take n thers’ perspectives.
The scale and pattern f brain changes during pregnancy are similar t what ther researchers have seen in adlescent brains during puberty (青春期), als driven by hrmnes. Other researchers have been able t detect whether smene had been pregnant based nly n neur imaging data frm decades later. S despite the cmmn saying that ur brains stp develping in ur mid-20s, hrmnes seem t drive big, lng-lasting changes thrughut adulthd.
Frm studying the wman’s brain, researchers cnfirmed gray matter decreased by fur percent ver the curse f pregnancy and that decrease persisted thrughut the end f the study tw years after giving birth. And it wasn’t just ne area r netwrk – 80% f brain regins shrunk. While certain areas and netwrks changed faster than thers, the team desn’t yet knw what the implicatins are.
43.The passage mainly tells us __________________.
A. hw pregnancy impacts wmen’s memry B. hw brain scans lead t a breakthrugh
C. hw puberty differs frm pregnancyD. hw brain changes during pregnancy
44.Based n the research, a pregnant wman shuld ______ changes accmpanying “mmmy brain”?
A. peacefully acceptB. cnsciusly avid
C. cmpletely ignreD. eagerly expect
45.We can learn frm the last tw paragraphs that ________________________.
A.researchers have figured ut why certain areas f brain change faster
B.despite similarity, brain changes in puberty aren’t driven by hrmnes
C.hrmnes are likely t cause brain changes beynd adlescence
D.the shrinkage f gray matter in brain stps shrtly after child birth
Presenting a finding
Explaining
Relating with ther findings
46.What is the structure f this passage?
A.
Summarizing the main pints
Intrducing a tpic
Prviding examples
B.
Stating a prblem
Prpsing slutins
Evaluating the slutins
C.
Predicting the future trends
Describing a phenmenn
Analyzing the causes
D.
Sectin C (8分)
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Ratting n Crimes
“Yu are never mre than six feet away frm a rat,” ges the saying. Thugh it has been cncluded that this estimate is incrrect, it might sn be accurate fr thse invlved in the illegal wildlife trade. A team f researchers have trained African rats t pick up the scents (气味) f endangered animal prducts, such as elephant ivry and rhin hrn. 47.__________
The rat pack can even identify these items when cncealed amng ther substances, and have been shwn t remember the smells after mnths f nn-expsure. This isn’t the first time APOPO, a Tanzania-based nn-prfit, have recgnized a ptential fr a super-rat wrkfrce. 48.__________ The rganizatin lks t prvide lw-tech, cst-efficient slutins t pressing challenges thrughut Africa.
The rats in the new study went thrugh several demanding stages f training. They first learned t smell a target scent fr several secnds t earn a flavured reward. 49.__________ The final step was memry cnslidatin training, where they were reintrduced t scents they’d nt encuntered fr five and eight mnths, respectively. Despite the mnths f nn-expsure, the rats shwed perfect memry scres, suggesting that their cgnitive memry perfrmance is similar t that f dgs.
Illegal capture, killing, and harvesting f animals and plants have increased dramatically in recent years. Fr example, 55 African elephants are killed fr their tusks every day, ver 20,000 a year. This has t be stpped immediately.
50.__________ They will be armed with custm-made vests (马甲). With their frnt paws, they will be able t pull a small ball attached t the chest f their vest, which gives ut a beeping sund. This way rats will be able t alert handlers when they detect a target. Once fully trained and prepared, these giant rats culd becme illegal hunters’ wrst enemy.
III. Summary Writing (10分)
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
The Significance f Cattle in Maasai Sciety
Cattle are the traditinal partners f the Maasai peple f East Africa. The traditinal Maasai diet is heavily centered arund cattle prducts. Milk is a fundamental cmpnent f the Maasai diet, cnsumed daily and in varius frms. Fresh milk, knwn as “enkirwua”, is ften drunk straight r mixed with herbs fr added flavr and medicinal benefits. Prcessed milk, r “mkre”, is a ppular variatin, prviding rich surce f nutritin. Cattle’s meat is anther imprtant part f the Maasai diet, cnsumed during special ccasins and ceremnies. Every part f the animal is used, reflecting the Maasai’s resurcefulness and respect fr their livestck. It represents strength and the cmmunity’s cllective wealth.
Cattle hld significant value in Maasai scial life. An individual’s scial status is heavily influenced by cattle wnership. The number f cattle ne pssesses directly relates with his standing in the cmmunity. This is particularly evident during traditinal ceremnies, such as weddings, where the exchange f cattle as gifts signifies the strng bnd between families and a shared cmmitment t the future. Families there share respnsibilities in cattle care and their cllective management prmtes unity and teamwrk. Fr example, the prcess f milking is a shared activity, invlving bth men and wmen and strengthening scial bnds. It is especially vital during challenging times, such as drughts r ther hardships when the well-being f the cattle is crucial.
Cattle als play a big rle in Maasai rituals and ceremnies, accmpanying individuals frm birth t death. Fr example, the sacrifice f a cw during naming ceremnies r funerals nt nly celebrates the ccasin but als strengthens the cmmunity’s spiritual cnnectin with their livestck. These rituals highlight the spiritual imprtance f cattle, seen as a link between the physical and spiritual wrlds, thus firmly establishing their central rle in Maasai culture.
IV. Translatin (15分)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
52.农忙季节,这个偏远的小村子显得空荡荡的。(desert)
53.上海博物馆的埃及展太火爆了,根本抢不到票。(impssible)
54.虽然这部经典老片在1998年首映,但当它本月重新上映时,依然在影迷中引起了极大的反响。(release)
55.这位原本深耕于科研领域的女学者,凭借自己坚持不懈的努力,历经极度严苛的训练,最终成为了一名宇航员。(engage)
V. Guided Writing (25分)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明,近日有一位外国视频博主Mike正在中国旅行,他计划制作一期关于中国的视频。现在他向广大网友征集相关视频素材,视频打算聚焦中国近年来的快速发展与变化,例如：高速铁路（high-speed trains）,共享单车（shared bicycles）,移动支付（mbile payment）,网上购物（nline shpping）,外卖餐饮（fd delivery）等方面。
请你给他写一封邮件,为他提供具体的素材建议。
内容须包括：
1. 推荐你认为最具代表性的素材（1～2个）.
2. 结合自身经历给出理由。
答案

语法：
1. whether 2. less prductive3. cnducted4. because/as/since
5. may/might/can/culd6. listening 7. that/which8. was used
9. t bst 10. are
词汇：
11-15 HGABC 16-20 JIKDE

完型填空：
21-25 ACCBD 26-30 ACDBA 31-35 BDBCB
阅读：
36-39 BADC
40-42 DBC
43-46 DACA
47-50 CABF
概要写作：
51. 参考答案：
Maasai life revlves arund cattle. Cattle prducts such as milk and meat play a fundamental rle in Massai diet, reflecting cmmunities’ wealth and strength. Cattle als matter in scial life as a sign f scial status and a cntributr t unity and teamwrk. Furthermre, cattle hld value in Massai rituals and ceremnies, bridging spiritual and physical wrlds in Massai culture.
(60 wrds)
提纲：
Maasai life revlves arund cattle:
1) Cattle prducts, including milk and meat + represent richness, strength and wealth.
2) Cattle hlds scial value + reflect scial status / prmte unity and teamwrk
3) Cattle play a rle in rituals and ceremnies + strengthen spiritual cnnectin
翻译：
52.农忙季节,这个偏远的小村子里显得空荡荡的。(desert)
In busy farming seasns, the small remte village lks/appears/seems deserted.
1’1’1’
53.上海博物馆的埃及展太火爆了,根本抢不到票。 (impssible)
The Egyptian exhibitin at the Shanghai Museum was s ppular that it was almst
0.5’0.5’1’
impssible t get/buy tickets.
1’
54.虽然这部经典老片在1998年首映,但当它本月重新上映时,依然在影迷中引起了极大的反响。(release)
Althugh this classic film was first released in 1998, it still generated/arused/caused a huge
0.5’1’1’
respnse/feedback amng fans when it was re-released this mnth.
0.5’1’
55.这位原本深耕于科研领域的女学者,凭借自己坚持不懈的努力,历经极度严苛的训练,最终成为了一名宇航员。(engage)
This female schlar, riginally deeply engaged in the field f scientific research, eventually
0.5’1’1’
became/has becme an astrnaut thrugh/with her persistent effrts and extremely strict
1’1.5’
training.
写作：
略
A. enter
B. ech
C. physical
D. linked
E. suppsed
F. initial
G. literally
H. diverse
weather
J. alternative
K. effectively
21.
air
gesture
md
utlk
22.
threat
barrier
challenge
pprtunity
23.
Hwever
Therefre
Instead
Mrever
24.
mysterius
extrardinary
practical
specific
25.
caring
shining
wandering
watching
26.
dance
flat
mve
slide
27.
insight
inncence
sul
sense
28.
between
upn
int
within
29.
petry
stage
match
music
30.
dim
adjust
flash
fuel
31.
cnceal
prject
stimulate
sustain
32.
fall within
persist in
keep ff
g beynd
33.
verseen
vershadwed
verestimated
verlked
34.
step away
fit in
stand ut
push frward
35.
rutine
shell
circle
space
Ging undergrund?
The Subway is the easiest way t get arund the City Centre and West End f Glasgw. Running every fur minutes at peak times, it takes just 24 minutes t cmplete a circuit f the 15 statins and csts frm as little as £1.80 fr an adult single t travel anywhere else n the system.
First Trains
Last Trains
Outer Circle
Mn. t Sat.
Sun.
Outer Circle
Mn. t Sat.
Sun.
Frm Gvan
06:30
10:00
Frm Gvan
23:16
17:50
Frm St Ench
06:34
10:03
Frm St Ench
23:30
18:03
Inner Circle
Mn. t Sat.
Sun.
Inner Circle
Mn. t Sat.
Sun.
Frm Gvan
06:30
10:00
Frm Gvan
23:16
17:50
Frm St Ench
06:32
10:00
Frm St Ench
23:28
18:00
Subway tickets
Type
Adult
Child**
* unlimited travel fr ne day
** Applies t children under 16 years ld. Children under five travel fr free if accmpanied by a fare paying adult.
Single
£1.80
£0.85
Return
£3.40
£1.60
All day*
£4.30
£2.15
Previusly, they’ve trained packs f her rats t detect dangerus bacteria.
Then they were intrduced t cmmn scents used t mask illegal wildlife trade.
This effrt aims t prvide a lw-cst detectin system t prevent illegal hunting.
Hwever, there are cncerns that the rats might be distracted by sme cmmn scents.
Existing screening tls are expensive and time intensive, necessitating a new apprach.
Fr this purpse, these trained rats will be expected t wrk in likely htspts fr illegal wildlife trade.