高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown教学演示ppt课件

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Pre-reading
Language pints
Fast reading
Intensive reading
Pst-reading
1. What different znes are there in the cean?2. Which parts f the cean d yu think have been explred?3. What d yu knw abut the deepest part f the cean?
Wrk in grups. Lk at the picture and answer the questins. D further research if necessary.
1. What different znes are there in the cean?
2. Which parts f the cean d yu think have been explred?
The different znes in the cean are Sunlight Zne, Twilight Zne, Midnight Zne and Abyssal Zne.（深海区）.
Sunlight Zne, Twilight Zne.
3. What d yu knw abut the deepest part f the cean?
The deepest part f the cean is Abyssal Zne. It is an area where the water depth is abut 2,000–5,000 metres. The trench can be lwered t 6,000 metres. These very deep areas are smetimes called “Super-abyssal znes”. Actually it is the largest eclgical regin n earth.
Mre than 500 years after it was lst in a strm, the Esmeralda was discvered ff the cast f Oman. The ship is believed t be part f a vyage led by Prtuguese explrer, Vasc da Gama during his secnd vyage t India (1502–1503).
Backgrund Infrmatin
Althugh the Esmeralda was first lcated in 1998, it was explred by marine archaelgists between 2013 and 2015. Researchers used advanced technlgy t examine sme f the bjects n the ship. Fr example, CT scanning was used t identify tw silver cins and a bell.
The Jialng, China’s manned deep-sea vessel, is named after a mythicalChinese sea dragn. At rughly 8.2 metres lng, 3 metres wide and 3.4metres high, it weighs almst 22 metric tns. In 2012, it set the recrd fr the deepest dive after reaching
a depth f 7,062 metres in the Pacific Ocean’s Mariana Trench. Thusands f metres beneath the waves, its crew tk incredible phts and vides and cllected imprtant samples frm the cean flr fr research in ceangraphy.
The Shenhai Yngshi, r Deep Sea Warrir, is China’s deep-sea submersible, which can reach a depth f 4,500 metres. The submersible tk 8 years and invlved ver 90 Chinese rganisatins and
cmpanies, with all f its cre parts being made in China. The Shenhai Yngshi has since been used t cmplete deep-sea diving missins in rder t cllect exact data n natural gas surces.
Read the passage and find ut what has been discvered in the cean depths.
Shipwrecks such as that f the Esmeralda, ruins f ancient cities like Neaplis, extrardinary deep-sea creatures such as bne-white cral and the barreleye, and the substance knwn as “fire ice” have been discvered in the cean depths.
What has been discvered in the cean depths?
Shipwrecks such as that f the Esmeralda.
Evidence:Para 1: Amng these is the Esmeralda, the earliestwreck frm the age f the Eurpean explratin fAsia.
Ruins f ancient cities like Neaplis.
Evidence:Para 2: One such find is the ancient Rman city fNeaplis, discvered ff the cast f Tunisia. Believedt have been buried underwater by a tsunami in thefurth century AD, the ruins f Neaplis are almst2,000 years ld.
Extrardinary deep-sea creatures such as bne-white cral and the barreleye.
Evidence: Para 3: Imagine bne-white cral 6,000 metres belw the cean’s surface, grwing at the rare f nly ne r tw millimetres per year. Swimming thrugh these black depths is the barreleye, a strange fish with eyes that can lk upwards thrugh its transparent frehead.
The substance knwn as “fire ice”.
Evidence:Para 4: Mst ntable f these is China’s discveryf an ice-like substance, knwn as “fire ice”, under the Suth China Sea.
Intensive reading
Think abut the structure f the passage and cmplete the diagram.
OVER THE CENTURIES: sailing acrss ceans t explre Earth’s furthest crners
Ocean explratin
MODERN AGE: explring 1___________
2______________ explratin Finding ancient ruins in 3_____________. Wrking t vercme challenges and make discveries at 4__________.Example: 5__________________
Archaelgical
shallw waters
vast depths
the ruins f Neaplis
6 __________explratin Cntaining abut 90 per cent f 7_______________. Helping cmprehend 8_______________________ ____________.Examples: 9_______________ 10_____________ 11_______________________________________ _________________
the planet’s fish
bne-white cral
the capacity fr life n ur planet
the barreleye
life t be fund even arund the deep-sea vlcanic penings
Discvery f natural resurces Discvering new natural resurces. Studying 12 __________. Identifying areas fr 13_______________.Examples: 14__________ 15_______________________
deep-sea drilling
the sea bed
China’s underwater vessels
1. Why d yu think the authr uses statistics in the passage?
The use f statistics makes the passage mre cnvincing.
2. What ther examples f cean explratin d yu knw f? Share ne with the class.
One pssible answer: ①On 10 Octber, 2020, Endeavur successfully cmpleted 13 dives in Mariana Trench, eight f which brke 10,000 metres. ②There is a grwing interest in the cnstructin f a netwrk f undersea bservatries, which is the mst effective means f early warning earthquake and tsunami.
3. What d yu think drives the explratin f the ceans?
One pssible answer: The ceans make up 70% f the earth’s ttal area. Large numbers f marine animals and plants are imprtant surces f fd fr human beings. Therefre, it is very imprtant fr us t understand the wrld’s ceans. In additin t cncerns abut maritime security and ecnmic interests, explratin f the seabed will satisfy human’s curisity and thirst fr the unknwn knwledge.
4. What cmmn message d the tw reading passages in this unit cnvey? Hw d they each build upn this idea?
Bth passages cnvey the message that humans have the desire and means t explre the unknwn. The first passage des this by lking at ur fascinatin with histry’s greatest mysteries, while the secnd passage lks at pineering explratin f Earth’s ceans.
Learning t learn
As yu read, ntice the discurse markers used in the text, eg in additin, als, hwever, furthermre, as well as. These markers functin like rad signs, helping yu cnnect ideas and understand the writer’s attitude and pinins.
Wrk in grups. Give a talk abut the influences f cean explratin n yur daily life.
1. Lk at the diagram belw and brainstrm examples f hw cean explratin affects yur daily life.
Influences f cean explratin
Cultural exchange
Fd and natural resurces
Trade and ecnmy
Transprt and travel
Envirnment and cnservatin
3. Give yur talk t the class.
Nw think abut hw well yu cntributed t the grup wrk and what yu culd d t imprve.
1. equivalent adj. 相等的，相同的
Eight kilmetres is rughly equivalent t five miles. 八公里约等于五英里。
250 grams r an equivalent amunt in unces. 250克或与之等量的盎司
equivalent n. 相等的东西；等量；对应词
Breathing such plluted air is the equivalent f (= has the same effect as) smking ten cigarettes a day. 呼吸污染这么严重的空气等于每天抽十支烟。
t stack bxes 把箱子摞起来
2. stack v. （使）放成整齐的一叠（或一摞、一堆）
lgs stacked up against a wall 靠墙码放着的木头
stack n. 一叠，一摞，一堆
They were busy stacking the shelves with gds. 他们正忙着摆货物上架呢。
a stack f bks 一摞书
I’ve gt stacks f wrk t d.  我有一大堆活儿要做。
a ntable success / achievement / example 显著的成功 / 成就；明显的事例
3. ntable adj. 值得注意的；显著的；重要的
His eyes are his mst ntable feature. 他的双眼是他最明显的特征。
The twn is ntable fr its ancient harbur. 这座小镇因其古老的港口而出名。
With a few ntable exceptins, everyne gave smething. 人人都给了些东西，只有几个人例外，很是显眼。
a chemical / radiactive, etc. substance 化学、放射性等物质
4. substance n. ①物质；物品；东西
banned / illegal substances (= drugs) 禁用 / 非法物品
It was malicius gssip, cmpletely withut substance. 这是恶意造谣，完全没有事实根据。
The cmmissin’s reprt gives substance t these allegatins. 委员会的报告为这些说法提供了事实根据。
1. set sail ___________________ 2. lead t ___________________ 3. as with ___________________4. ff the cast f ___________________5. at the rate f ___________________
6. be equivalent t ___________________ 7. at depths f ___________________ 8. hld the recrd ___________________9. beynd the reach f ____________________ 10. final frntier ____________________
1. Lying under waters acrss the glbe are an estimated three millin shipwrecks.
Paraphrase: It is believed that arund three millin shipwrecks are lying under waters acrss the glbe.
本句为倒装结构，句中的 Lying under waters acrss the glbe 放在句首表示强调。课文中还有类似的句子。例如：
Para 1 1) Amng these is the Esmeralda, the earliest wreck frm the age f the Eurpean explratin f Asia.
Para 3 2) Swimming thrugh these black depths is the barreleye, a strange fish with eyes that can lk upwards thrugh its transparent frehead.
2. Given ur limited knwledge, it is perhaps n surprise that explratin f the ceans cntinues t lead t discveries in varius scientific fields.
Paraphrase: Our knwledge f the ceans is limited, s it is perhaps nt surprising that explratin f them cntinues t lead t discveries in varius scientific fields.
本句中的 Given 表示“考虑到”的意思。例如：
Given his age (= Cnsidering hw ld he is), he’s remarkably active. 考虑到他的年龄，他已是相当活跃的了。
Language pints
Usually, I am sensible with mney, as I have t be, given that I dn’t earn that much. 我花钱通常是很明智的。考虑到自己挣得不多，必须这样做。
Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right jb fr her. 考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看来是很适合她的工作。
It is difficult fr such a little child t finish the task alne.
it 为形式主语，真正的主语为 that explratin f the ceans cntinues t lead t discveries in varius scientific fields。为了避免句子头重脚轻，故用 it 作形式主语，这种用法在英语中很常见。例如：
It is nt clear whether he will cme r nt.
3. In these waters, mre than 200 metres deep, where light cannt reach, are extrardinary creatures that appear as if they are straight ut f science fictin.
Paraphrase: Extrardinary creatures that lk as thugh they are smething directly ut f science fictin live in these waters with a depth f mre than 200 metres, which are s deep that light cannt reach them.
本句为一个复合句，其中包含了两个定语从句，分别是：非限制性定语从句 where light cannt reach，修饰先行词 waters；限制性定语从句 that appear as if they are straight ut f science fictin，修饰先行词 creatures。
4. The Jialng even hlds the recrd fr the deepest dive by a manned submarine, at 7,062 metres, giving China its place alngside the wrld’s tp cean explrers.
Paraphrase: The Jialng is the manned submarine t have dived t a recrd depth f 7,062 metres. Because f this, China is cnsidered ne f the best cean explrers in the wrld.
本句中 hld the recrd 表示 “保持纪录”。
句中 alngside 是介词，表示“与……同等重要”。例如： When he dies he will take his place alngside Dickens as ne f the truly great writers f his time.他死后会成为他那个时代真正的伟大作家之一，与狄更斯齐名。
5. Being a tugh envirnment f cmplete darkness, enrmus pressure and intense cld, the cean depths have lng been beynd the reach f human explratin.
Paraphrase: The cean depths have lng been beynd the reach f human explratin because they are a tugh envirnment f cmplete darkness, enrmus pressure and intense cld.
The sht was well beynd the reach f the galkeeper.这次射门使守门员鞭长莫及。
本句中 Being a tugh envirnment f … 作为现在分词短语置于句首，表示 the cean depths 的状态。
本句中的 beynd the reach f … 表示“超过……能力之外；无法达到”。例如：