人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land课堂检测

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land课堂检测，共17页。试卷主要包含了 devte vt， cnvince vt， vercme vt， expand vt， damage vt， switch vt等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1. devte vt. 奉献；致力； 专心
【原句再现】
Indeed, his slim but strng bdy is just like that f millins f Chinese farmers，t whm he has devted his life. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
devtin n. 献身；忠诚；热爱；专心
devtin t duty 忠于职守
devte nself/sth. t sth./ding sth. 把…奉献于…；致力于…
be devted t sth./ding sth. 专心于…；致力于….
devted n. adj. 忠诚的，忠实的
【精品例句】
She devted all her life t medical wrk fr Chinese wmen and children.
她为中国的妇女儿童医疗事业奉献了毕生精力
The ld man devted his life t helping the pr. 这位老人为救济穷人耗尽了毕生精力
If yu have a jb, d devte yurself t it and finally yu’ll succeed.
如果你有一份工作，务必全身心地投入，最终你会成功的
He devted himself entirely/all his life t educatin.
他将一生奉献给了教育事业。
We shuld devte everything we have.
我们应该奉献我们的一切。
He devted a great sum f mney t bks.
他花了一大笔钱买书。
【高考链接】
Her sn, t whm she was s ____, went abrad ten years ag. (湖北课改卷)
A. lved B. cared C. devted D. affected (C)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The scientist devted all his energy t _______ (d) research n the prject. (ding)
2. cnvince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服
【原句再现】
Yuan was cnvinced that the answer culd be fund in the creatin f hybrid rice. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
cnvince sb. f sth.使某人确信/明白某事
cnvince sb. that... 使某人相信……
cnvince sb. t d sth. 说服某人做某事
cnvincing adj. 令人信服的
cnvinced adj. 确信的；坚信的
be cnvinced f ….. 相信……
be cnvinced (that)... (某人)相信……
【精品例句】
We've been trying t cnvince him t give up the plan．
我们一直在试图说服他放弃那个计划。
What she said cnvinced me that I was mistaken.
她说的话让我相信我错了。
I'm nt ging t believe it myself, never mind cnvince anyne else
我自己都不会相信，更别提说服别人了。
Rbert's expressin had bviusly cnvinced her f his inncence.
罗伯特的表情显然使她相信他是清白的。
She needed t find a way t cnvince Michel he was wrng.
她需要想办法使米歇尔相信他错了。
【高考链接】
I dn’t believe what yu said, but if yu can prve it, yu may be able t _____ me. (江西卷)
A. cnvince B. infrm C. guarantee D. refuse (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I am quite cnvinced ______ her experience in it. (f)
I'm nt cmpletely _______ (that)he knew the imprtance f practice. (cnvinced)
His speech was s _______ (cnvince) that everyne present believed what he said. (cnvincing)
3. assumptin n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得
【原句再现】
The cmmn assumptin then was that it culd nt be dne. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
assumptin n. 假定; 假设
it is assumed + that…..从句… (人们/一般) 认为
make an assumptin 认为；假定
n the assumptin that... 假定……
assume v. 假定；设想
assume sb./sth. t be 假定/假设某人/某事为
assuming (that)... cnj.假设/假定……
【精品例句】
We think it is reasnable t assume they lived in these caves, regardless f the cld.
我们认为，假设他们不顾严寒住在这些洞穴里是有道理的
It is generally assumed that stress is caused by t much wrk.
普遍认为，压力系工作过重所致
I made a mistake and I will assume respnsibility fr it. 我错了，我愿意为此承担责任
The assumptin that human clnes have already been brn hasn't been prved yet.
克隆人已经问世的说法还没有被证实
We are wrking n the assumptin that everyne invited will turn up .
我们假设每个人都会应邀出席，并正在就此作安排。
【高考链接】
The prject was predicated n the _________ (assume) that the ecnmy was expanding. (江苏卷) (assumptin)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Assuming (assume) that yu're chsen t be the leader, what will yu d? （Assuming）
It is generally ____ (assume) that t much wrk will cause stress. (assumed)
4. vercme vt. (vercame, vercme) 克服；解决；战胜
【原句再现】
Thrugh intense effrt, Yuan vercame enrmus technical difficulties t develp the first hybrid rice that culd be used fr farming in 1974. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
vercme difficulties 战胜困难
be vercme with…. 因……而受不了
【精品例句】
He vercame all kinds f difficulties and succeeded at last.
他克服了种种困难最终取得了成功。
She vercame injury t win the Olympic gld medal.
她战胜了伤痛，赢得了奥运会金牌。
In the final game Sweden easily vercame France.
在决赛中，瑞典队轻松战胜了法国队。
I wuld vercme any weakness, any despair, any fear.
我要克服所有的软弱、绝望和恐惧。
【高考链接】
He was suddenly vercme ______ the harm he had dne. (山东卷) (with)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
We ________ (vercme) all kinds f difficulties in these activities last year. (vercame)
5. expand vt.& vi. 扩大；增加；vt. 扩展；发展 (业务)
【原句再现】
This hybrid enabled farmers t expand their utput greatly. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
expand 把……扩展/发展成……
expand int... 发展成/扩大成……
expand n sth. 细说(阐述)……
【精品例句】
The infrmatin industries are rapidly expanding in China.
中国的信息产业正迅速发展。
The petals f many flwers expand in the sunshine.
许多花瓣在阳光下绽放。
The business has expanded greatly ver the last year.
过去的一年里，这家公司极大地增加了业务量。
【高考链接】
His studi ________ (expand) int a big cmpany. (湖北卷) (was expanded)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Culd yu expand ________ this pint, please? (n)
6. be cmprised f… 包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
【原句再现】
Tday, it is estimated that abut 60 percent f dmestic rice cnsumptin in China is cmprised f crps generated frm Yuan's hybrid strains. (教材P50～51)
【词块积累】
be cmpsed f…..由……组成
cnsist f…. 由……组成
be made up ….由……组成，构成
【精品例句】
The medical team is cmprised f 12 peple, including 3 wmen.
这个医疗队有12人组成，包括三名妇女
A week cnsists f seven days.
救援队由8个士兵和2个医生组成。
The cmmittee is cmprised f representatives frm bth public and private sectrs.
委员会由政府和私人部门的双方代表组成。
Grups are cmprised f tw r mre peple.
小组由两人或两人以上组成。
【高考链接】
The rescue team is cmpsed ______ eight sldiers and tw dctrs.（陕西卷）(f)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The rescue team ______ (cnsist) f eight sldiers and tw dctrs. (cnsists/cnsisted)
The rescue team ________ (make) up f eight sldiers and tw dctrs. (is/was made)
7. damage vt. 损害；损坏；n. 损坏；损害；损失；损害赔偿金
【原句再现】
Fr example, pesticides can damage the land by killing nt nly harmful bacteria and insects, but als helpful nes. (教材P55)
【词块积累】
strm damage t the trees 暴风雨对树木造成的损害
d/cause damage t…对….造成/引起损害
【精品例句】
He was hit by a car and suffered serius brain damage.他被车撞了，脑部严重损伤
The prblem is clear: man has dne great damage t his hme ver the years.
问题显而易见; 多年来，人类已经严重破坏了自己的家园(全国卷)
The heavy rain had caused serius damage t the rf. 大雨严重损坏了房顶
He was rdered t pay damages f S30,000.他被责令支付3万美元的损害赔偿金
Dn t damage yur health fr a gd figure. 不要为了好身材而损害健康
My car was badly damaged, but luckily the kids were nt seriusly hurt.
我的车受损严重，但庆幸的是孩子们伤得并不重
辨析：damage, destry, ruin, spil 四者都有“破坏”之意。 damage通常指部分性的损坏，往往指价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，往往表示可以修复的破坏；destry指彻底的毁坏、毁掉或毁灭，往往无法或很难修复；ruin强调“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去优良的特性或特征，不能恢复。与spil同义且常可换用，只是语气比spil稍强; spil强调“损坏”，与ruin同义，语气不如ruin强; 还有“宠坏”、“ 溺爱”之意
Smking will damage yur health. 抽烟会损害你的健康
That twn was destryed in the earthquake.那个城镇在地震中毁掉了
He kncked ver a bttle f ink and ruined the table clth.
他碰翻了一瓶墨水，把那块桌布弄脏了
The bad weather ruined spilt ur trip. 恶劣的天气破坏了我们的旅行
She spils thse kids f hers. 她那几个孩子被她宠坏了
【高考链接】
The accident caused sme t my car, but it's nthing serius. (辽宁卷)
A. harm B. injury C. ruin D. damage (D)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The earthquake did much damage ____ the village. (t)
8. shrtage n．短缺，不足，缺乏
【原句再现】
Hwever, what cncerned him mst was that farmers ften had pr harvests and smetimes even had a serius shrtage f fd t eat. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
shrt adj. 短的；不足的；矮的，低的
shrts 短裤
shrten vt. 使变短，缩短；反义词是：lengthen
shrtly adv. 立刻，不久
shrtly after… ….后不久
shrtcming n. 缺点，短处
vercme shrtcmings 克服缺点
in shrt 总之，简言之
cut/make a lng stry shrt 长话短说
fd/water/husing shrtage. 食物/用/住房短缺
be shrt fr 是…简称，缩写
be shrt f 缺少……
【精品例句】
He is t shrt t becme a basketball player. 他太矮，当不了篮球运动员
The bus stp is a shrt way ff. 公交站离这里不远
His answer was shrt and t the pint. 他的回答简明切题
UN is shrt fr United Natins. UN是United Natins 的缩写
He is shrt f funds right nw. 他目前缺资金
The reprt seemed t be shrt f facts. 这个报告似乎缺乏事实依据
In shrt, I will d my best t help make the sprts meeting a success.
总之，我会尽力促成此次运动会的成功
T vercme a shrtage f medical staff, 10 dctrs have been emplyed frm verseas.
为解决医务人员不足问题，已从海外聘请了十名医生
Smking shrtens yur life. 吸烟会减寿
He finished a difficult task n his wn shrtly after he entered the cmpany.
他进公司后不久就独立完成了一项艰巨任务
【高考链接】
1. -- Why didn’t yu buy the camera yu had lnged fr?
-- I had planned t, but I was ￡50 ______
A. fewer B. less C. cheap D. shrt (D)
2. The shpkeeper gave us _____ weight we gt 9 kils instead f 10 kils.
A. scarce B. shrt C. light D. slight (B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
WHO is shrt _____ Wrld Health Organizatin，which is devted t helping imprve the wrld’s health cnditin. But nw it is shrt ______ enugh experienced medical wrkers. And it als finds the ______ f freshwater made the living cnditins wrse in sme cuntries. (fr; f; shrtage)
9. switch vt. 转换；交换 vt. & vi. (使)改变；转变 n．开关；转换器；改变
【原句再现】
As an alternative, sme farmers have switched t rganic farming, and many custmers have turned t rganic fd when they shp at the lcal grcery. (教材P55)
【词块积累】
make a switch 改变
switch ff 关 (电灯、机器等)；切断(电流、气体等)
switch n 开(电灯、机器等)；打开(开关)；接通(电流等)
switch (frm...)t... (从……) 转变成，(从……) 转换到
switch sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物
【精品例句】
We asked them if they wuld switch places with us．
我们问他们是否愿意和我们调换位置
Switch ff the TV befre yu g ut.
你出门前要把电视关掉。
The remte cntrl allws yu t switch easily between TV channels.
遥控器让你在不同的电视频道之间轻松地转换。
Where is the light switch?
电灯开关在哪儿？
We had t make a switch in ur arrangements.
我们不得不对我们的安排做出变动。
【高考链接】
These students switched _______ the lamps because it was dark in the classrm. (江苏卷) (n)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He was s stubbrn that he refused t make _______ switch. (a)
10. range n. 一系列；范围；界限；距离；山脉；vt.包括，处于…范围内
【原句再现】
Finally, he suggested that farmers grw a diversity range f crps next t each ther in the field. (教材P58)
【词块积累】
a full/wide range f…. 各种各样的；范围广泛的；一套；一系列
a range f services / prducts 一整套服务/一系列产品
in / within range (f) 在…范围之内
beynd/ut f range (f) 超出…范围
range frm A t B 范围从…到…
range between A and B 在A和B之间范围变动
【精品例句】
Cllege students cme frm a wide range f scial, cultural and ecnmic backgrunds.
大学生年龄参差不齐，有着不同的社会、文化和经济背景
Mst f the students are in the 16-19 age range. 大部分学生的年龄在16-19之间
The price was beynd ur range, s we declined.
那个价格超出了我们承受的范围，所以我们拒绝了
D nt miss this pprtunity t see whales at clse range 别错过了近距离看鲸的机会
Between Italy and France, there is a muntain range called the Alps.
在意大利和法国之间有一座山脉叫阿尔皮斯山
【高考链接】
The natinal park has a large cllectin f wildlife, ______ (range) frm butterflies t elephants. (北京卷) (ranging)
This restaurant has becme ppular fr its wide _____ f fds that suit all tastes and pckets. （陕西卷）
A. divisin B. area C. range D. circle (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The shw had a massive audience, _____ (range) frm children t grandparents. (ranging)
When driving n highways, the driver must cntrl his r her speed ____ a range f speed-limiting. (in/within)
11. prtect vt. 保护
【原句再现】
In class, they als learn abut eclgy, which is the study f hw t prtect the natural balance f the envirnment. （教材P60）
【词块积累】
prtect sb./sth. frm (ding) sth. 保护…免遭/免受….
prtectin n. 保护；呵护
prtective adj. 给予保护的；保护的
envirnment prtectin 环境保护
fire/fld/sun prtectin 防火/防洪/防晒
under the prtectin f ….在….保护下
prtect sb/sth. against sth. = prtect sb./sth. frm (ding) sth.保护某人免受/免遭…
【精品例句】
If we dn’t act nw t prtect the envirnment, we’ll live t regret it.
如果我们现在不行动起来保护环境，我们终将后悔
Intellectual prperty rights prtect the artist frm having his/her creative ideas cpied by anther. 知识产权保护艺术家的创意不会被别人抄袭
Smething must be dne t prtect the envirnment frm being plluted.
必须采取措施以保护环境免受污染
Waxing yur car will help prtect against rust. 给车打蜡可以防止生锈
Physical exercise can prtect yu against heart disease.
体育锻炼可以预防心脏病
He’s very prtective f his yunger brther. 他很爱护他的弟弟
【高考链接】
He was wearing dark glasses t prtect his eyes ______ the sunlight. (江西卷) (frm/against)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
We all shuld prtect the children _____ being hurt. (frm/against)
12. impress. vt.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目
【原句再现】
What impresses peple mst abut Yuan Lngping is his nging ability t fulfil his dreams. (教材P51)
【词块积累】
impressin. n.印象；感想
have/leave/make a(n) n/upn sb给某人留下……的印象
impress sb with/by sth 使某人对某事印象深刻
sb. be impressed by/with ...为……所感动；对……有印象
impress sth. n/upn sb. 使某人意识到某事的重要性
impressive .adj. 给人印象深的；令人赞叹的
【精品例句】
He wishes his bk t make a gd impressin n all the readers.
他希望他的书能给所有读者留下深刻印象
We were s impressed by what he said and what he did.他的言行让我们感动
The teacher impressed the imprtance f English n/upn us
老师让我们意识到英语的重要性
The by was very impressive in the speech cntest. 他在演讲比赛中表现很出色
【高考链接】
My first ____ f him was that he was a kind and thughtful yung man.（山东卷）
A. expressin B. attentin C. satisfactin D. impressin （D）
What was s ____ abut Jasmine Westland’s Victry was that she came first in the marathn bare-fted. （湖北卷）
A. awful B. essential C. impressive D. bvius （C）
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The teachers were very impressed ______ yur perfrmance in the exam. (with/by)
Her wrds are strngly impressed ______ my memry. (n)
13. reality n. 现实
【原句再现】
His latest visin fr “ seawater rice” has als becme a reality, and ptentially pened up nearly ne millin square kilmeters f salty land in China fr rice prductin. (教材P51)
【词块积累】
realize/realise vt. 实现；使…成为现实；认识到，意识到
realizatin/realisatin 实现
real adj. 真的，真实的，天然的
really adv. 真实地，确实；当真
in reality 实际上，事实上
in real life 在现实生活中
nt really 不是
realize ne’s dreams/hpes/ambitins 实现某人的梦想/希望/抱负
realise + that/wh- 从句，认识到；意识到
【精品例句】
This is nt imaginatin, but reality. 这不是想象，而是事实
Outwardly she seemed cnfident but in reality she felt extremely nervus.
她表面上似乎自信，其实她感到极其紧张
Her wish t becme a mvie star was finally realized. 她当明星的愿望终于实现了
Only when I left my parents fr Italy did I realize hw much I lved them.
知道离开父母去意大利时，我才明白自己有多爱他们
I have realized it is yur persnality that decides wh yu truly are.
我意识到，正是你的个性决定了真正的你
I never realized hw hard it is t run n sand. 我从没有意识到在沙滩上跑有多困难
【高考链接】
1. -- Yu knw，I met my girlfriend’s parents fr the first time nly yesterday. (陕西卷)
-- _____? I thught yu’d met them befre.
A. S what B. Pardn C. Really D. What fr (C)
2. -- This apple pie is s sweet, dn’t yu think s? (山东卷)
-- ____. I think it’s just right, actually.
A. Nt really B. I hpe s C. Sunds gd D. N wnder (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
When I gt n the bus, I _____ (realize) I had left my wallet at hme.（山东课改卷）
14. visin n. 视力，视觉
【原句再现】
His latest visin fr “ seawater rice” has als becme a reality, and ptentially pened up nearly ne millin square kilmeters f salty land in China fr rice prductin. (教材P51)
【词块积累】
visible adj. 看得见的；可见的
be visible t... ……能看见
have gd/bad visin 视力好/差
【精品例句】
We cut the trees dwn t make the lake visible frm the huse.
我们把树砍倒，这样从房子里就能看见湖了。
The sea was nw ut, leaving the wreck fully visible.
海水完全退去了，沉船完全露了出来。
It is a visible star in the sky.
这是一颗在天空中可见的星星。
She std, half visible in the dim light.
她站在昏暗的光线里，半隐半现。
【高考链接】
Its cntents are visible ________ all f them. (湖北卷) （t）
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The stars in the sky during a clear night are visible ______ us. (t)
●本单元重要词组
15. deep dwn 实际上；在心底
Deep dwn, Yuan is still very much a farmer at heart. (教材P51)
He tried t behave as an adult, but deep dwn he was still a child.
16. in turn 相应地；转而；依次/轮流
This affects the crps grwn n the land and, in turn, the animals and humans wh digest them. (教材P55)
Please cme t the factry n duty in turn.
17. fr instance
Fr instance, they may grw crn r wheat in a field ne year, and then grw beans there the next. (教材P56)
Fr instance, peanuts grw n the grund’s surface, but many ther vegetables put dwn deep rts.
●句型点拨
1. what引导主语从句
【原句再现】
Hwever，what cncerned him mst was that farmers ften had pr harvests and smetimes even had a serius shrtage f fd t eat. (教材P50)
句式分析：句中what cncerned him mst为what引导的主语从句。
【能力拓展】
what是连接代词，引导的从句可以作主语、宾语或表语；what本身在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
温馨提示：what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略。
【精品例句】
He wanted t knw what the manager had said at the meeting.
他想知道经理在会议上说了些什么。
What we need is mney.
我们需要的是钱。
What I want t knw is this.
我想知道的就是这一点。
It's the best that yu shuld wrk hard．
你最好还是努力工作。
【高考链接】
The yung girl was t frightened t speak, standing there fr ______ seemed like hurs.
(陕西卷) (what)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Shw me _______ yu have bught. (what)
________ made her angry was nt clear. (What)
2. It is/was＋过去分词＋that...
【原句再现】
Tday，it is estimated that abut 60 percent f dmestic rice cnsumptin in China is cmprised f crps generated frm Yuan's hybrid strains. (教材P50～51)
句式分析：句中it is estimated that“据估算”为 “It is/was＋过去分词＋that...” 结构。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
【能力拓展】
※ 常用于此结构的动词有say，reprt，think，hpe，suggest，believe，require，annunce等。
※ 此句型可改写为“sb./sth.＋be said/believed/thught＋t d”或“peple say/think...(that)...”结构。
【精品例句】
It is reprted that ne third f citizens plan t buy a private car.
据报道，三分之一的市民打算购买私家车。
It is said that he has passed the driving test.
据说他已经通过了驾照考试。
【高考链接】
It ________ (estimate) that the meeting will last fur days. （山东卷） (is estimated)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
It ________ (hpe) that the terrible disease will sn be cntrlled. (is hped)
3. given that...引导的状语从句
【原句再现】
Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, ne might think he wuld retire t a life f leisure. (教材P51)
句式分析：given that...意为“考虑到……”，引导的是一个状语从句。
【能力拓展】
※ 用作give 的过去分词，引出过去分词短语作状语，意为“如果有……”，“假定……”等义，此时要注意其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。
※ 可用作介词，后接名词或代词，意为“考虑到”或“鉴于”。
※ 用作形容词，意为“特定的”“一定的”“规定的”等，通常用作定语。
※ given 后也可接 that 从句，表示“考虑到”。
【精品例句】
Given that they're inexperienced, they've dne a gd jb.
在缺乏经验的情况下， 他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。
Given that he gracefully aplgized, the wman accepted his aplgy.
在他有礼貌地道歉后，这位女士接受了他的道歉。
【高考链接】
_______ (give) that she is interested in children, I'm sure teaching is the right career fr her. (湖北卷) (Given)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The wrk must be dne within the ________ (give) time. (given)
______ (give) her interest in children, I'm sure teaching is the right career fr her. (Given)
●主语从句（详见语法课件）