新上教版英语必修第三册 05 Unit 1 Road to Success单元测试-

这是一份新上教版英语必修第三册 05 Unit 1 Road to Success单元测试-，共21页。

单元测试一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Almost every kid has, at one time or another, eaten a Hershey chocolate bar. But did you know that the founder of the chocolate empire, Milton Hershey, ____1____ (taste) lots of failure before he ever enjoyed the flavor of success?In 1872 at age 14, Milton took a job at Royer’s Ice Cream Parlor in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Milton took what he learned from Mr. Royer’s shop and set off at age 19 for Philadelphia, ____2____ he started his first company, Spring Garden Confectionary Works. He loved to experiment with candy recipes and soon came up  ____3____ a soft, chewy caramel (焦糖) that proved to be a big hit.Things went well for the company for a while, but Milton increasingly found it hard ____4____ (struggle) with emerging competition. In the year he turned 24, the Spring Garden Confectionary Works went bankrupt. If failure is the best teacher, young Milton Hershey ____5____ argue that he had earned a doctorate (博士学位).His next stop was Denver, followed by Chicago and New York. However, his businesses in these cities all ended up in bankruptcy. Some people in the same situation might have given up, changed professions, or simply found a job working for somebody else. Not Milton Hershey. He went back to Lancaster and prepared to give it one more try by  ____6____ (form) a new enterprise — the Lancaster Caramel Company.This time, Milton got it right. Having learned much from his ____7____ (early) mistakes, Milton and his new company developed quickly. He became a ____8____ (respect) businessman, employing hundreds of people by the time the Columbian Exposition in Chicago was held in 1893.____9____ the Exposition closed, Milton arranged to buy the entire exhibit, factory and all. He had made his money in caramels but decided that the future was in chocolate.Milton was never concerned about bankruptcy again. He died in 1945 at the age of 86, beloved by chocolate lovers around the world. He was to chocolate  _____10_____ Henry Ford was to automobiles and Steve Jobs was to computers. He revolutionized a luxury for the few into a treat for the masses.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.One of the greatest stories of rags to riches success is that of Andrew Carnegie, who started life in poverty but became the richest man in the world. Carnegie was born in Scotland in 1837, the son of a weaver. In 1848, the family moved to the United States and at 13 Carnegie began work in a cotton mill, earning $1.5 per week. About three years later, he found a better job as a telegraph messenger boy. At work, his superiors (上级) were ____11____ by his abilities and willingness to work hard. In 1853, he ____12____ an office job at the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. This was his first big break. He continued to impress and rose ____13____ through the company, gaining more and more responsibility. At the same time, Carnegie loved reading very much and made use of every ____14____ to visit the library. He read ____15____ on all subjects, particularly literature.Carnegie now began to save a little money and, with the help of his employer, began to make some successful investments. He invested in the iron industry and eventually ____16____ up in business himself, owning several iron and steel plants. This was where he made his ____17____. By the 1890s, the Carnegie Steel Company was the biggest and most profitable business in the world.Carnegie had always believed that the pursuit of wealth was never an end in itself. In his view, successful, wealthy people should re-distribute their wealth for the ____18____ of everyone in society. True to his word, in 1901, at the age of 66, he retired from business and ____19____ the rest of his life to charity work.Carnegie’s  ____20____ of formal education and his poor family background clearly didn’t put barriers in the way of success. His rapid rise from poverty to wealth was due to his willingness to work hard, his intelligence and good business sense, and his talent for making things happen. He died in 1919 at the age of 83.三、完形填空Branson was born in London in 1950. He dropped out of school at the age of 16 and started a magazine called Student, but the magazine never made money.Then Branson began ____21____ his next idea: selling mail order albums at discounted price. It rapidly became a more ____22____ business than the magazine itself. Virgin was then ____23____. It was named “Virgin” because none of the ____24____ had been in business before. In 1973, Mike Oldfield, the first Virgin artist ____25____ an album called Tubular Bells that became an international success. Since then, many household names, ____26____ Phil Collins and the Rolling Stones, have helped to make Virgin Music one of the top record companies in the world. Over the next six years, Branson started over fifty different companies encompassing (涵括) everything from filmmaking to air conditioner cleaning. Though he was making a really huge fortune, Branson ____27____ that money is not the motivation behind his ____28____ in so many businesses. Rather, he enjoys ____29____ to do something more effectively than those who have tried before him. In 1984, Branson started Virgin Atlantic Airlines. Branson _____30_____ discouraging comments that told him he could never _____31_____ with British Airways and carried on with his vision. Surprisingly, Virgin was immediately _____32_____ for its service and luxury (奢华). Branson has had the name of Virgin _____33_____ to more than 200 different companies. He is known for unusual business practices (no central headquarters, no board meeting, and he can’t even _____34_____ a computer), his showy publicity stunts (惊人的行为)  (like driving a tank into Times Square), and his adventurous exploits (he was the first person to cross the Atlantic in a hot air balloon). Branson keeps _____35_____ of the future. In discussing the prospect of starting a shuttle service into space, Branson has said, “Why not? It’s virgin territory. ”21．A．finishing B．abandoning C．discussing D．marketing22．A．expensive B．complicated C．profitable D．beneficial23．A．produced B．built C．founded D．set out24．A．staff B．employers C．albums D．workers25．A．managed B．collected C．released D．freed26．A．with B．including C．specially D．despite27．A．points B．demands C．warns D．emphasizes28．A．involvement B．expectation C．investigation D．absorption29．A．failing B．intending C．experimenting D．attempting30．A．ignored B．admitted C．invited D．criticized31．A．conquer B．compete C．win D．defeat32．A．purchased B．recognized C．complimented D．forgotten33．A．fixed B．removed C．accessed D．painted34．A．understand B．operate C．assemble D．cooperate35．A．dreaming B．complaining C．planning D．boasting四、阅读理解ACecilia Chiang, the chef and restaurant owner, was greatly known for introducing regional Chinese dishes to the United States. She helped change the way Americans think about Chinese cooking.Chiang was born into a wealthy Shanghai family with two full-time chefs—one from the north and one from the south. In 1949 her family settled in Tokyo, opening a restaurant called the Forbidden City. But it was a 1960 trip in San Francisco that set Chiang on her dramatic journey to cooking fame. She was both shocked and amused by the food most Americans considered to be Chinese. “They think chop suey(杂烩) is the only thing we have in China,” she said with a laugh. “ What a shame.”So Chiang was determined to open a high-end Chinese restaurant that served authentic Chinese food. “Everybody said, ‘You cannot make it. You cannot speak English. You don’t know anything.’” she recalled. In 1961 then, Chiang opened the Mandarin.The restaurant wasn’t immediately successful. About a year after opening, the Mandarin received a mention from the San Francisco Chronicle (旧金山纪事报). The effect of the powerful writer’s positive comment was immediate. Tourists, dignitaries and celebrities(达官显贵)—from Mae West to John Lennon—flooded into the Mandarin for then -unfamiliar food like tea smoked duck twice cooked pork.Though the Mandarin was closed years later, Cecilia Chiang’s DNA can be found all over American Chinese food. Her son founded the chain P.F. Chang’s and the son of one of her chefs founded Panda Express.In early 2017, Chiang shared how she lived to be so old: “I always think about the better side, the good side of everything. I never think about, Oh, I’m going to fail. Oh, I cannot do this. Oh, I feel sorry for myself.” Instead, Chiang wrote books, starred in a PBS documentary series and won the most famous award in American cooking when she was 93 years old.36．Cecilia Chiang opened the Mandarin in order to ________.A．remember her 1960 trip in San FranciscoB．Serve real Chinese food to the AmericansC．Show her shock and amusement towards foodD．Continue her family tradition of running restaurants37．What do we know about the Mandarin?A．It is in the charge of Chiang’s son now.B．It wasn’t successful until two years later.C．It turned out pretty popular among Americans.D．It changed the way Americans think about China.38．Which of the following best describes Cecilia Chiang?A．Talented and active.B．Ambitious and selfless.C．Optimistic and creative.D．Positive and determined.BAlibaba co-founder and chairman Jack Ma on Monday announced in an open letter that he would step down, with the company CEO Daniel Zhang taking over as the chairman of the board. Zhang, is known as a key architect of Alibaba’s “Singles Day”, the Nov. 11 event that has become the world’s largest online shopping event. In the letter entitled “Happy Teachers’ Day,” Ma said he would retire as the chairman of the board on Sept. 10, 2019. Ma said he would work closely with Zhang to ensure a smooth transition and stay on the Alibaba board of directors until the annual shareholders meeting in two years. After he steps down, he will continue to be part of the “Alibaba Partnership”, which has the ability to nominate the majority of directors on the company’s board. He also wants to return to education and charity, which gives him excitement and blessings.“There’s only Bill Gates who has done the same. No other tech founder in the world has just resigned like that at the top,” said Rupert Hoogewerf, which publishes an annual influential list of China’s richest people. Hoogewerf added that in China, Ma was a figure like no other, with friends ranging from movie stars to billionaires, though he often outshone them all. “He’s the big one, he’s the one that brings them together.”The company was founded at a time when the industry was still dominated by state-owned firms and entrepreneurship was seen as a risky career path. Alibaba, previously recognized as an on-line shopping company, also has investments in sports content, microchips and facial recognition technology and has been positioning itself as a serious player in cloud computing. Mr. Ma said in the letter, “The one thing I can promise everyone is this: Alibaba was never about Jack Ma, but Jack Ma will forever belong to Alibaba.”39．What do we learn about Abibaba from this passage?A．It was founded by Jack Ma alone.B．It is nothing more than an on-line shopping company.C．It was founded at the time when private-owned firms was in a minority.D．Its shareholders meeting holds twice a year.40．What can we infer from paragraph 2?A．Hoogewerf speaks highly of Jack Ma’s firm.B．Bill Gates and Jack Ma have a lot in common.C．Other than stars and billionaires, Jack Ma makes few friends.D．Jack Ma is an influential person to unite his friends.41．Jack Ma will do the following things after stepping down except________.A．Helping people in need.B．Ensuring the company’s transition.C．Education career.D．Suggesting candidates for the board.42．What’s the best title for this passage?A．The Brief Introduction of Jack MaB．Daniel Zhang to Take Over AlibabaC．Alibaba’s DevelopmentD．Jack Ma to Step Down as Alibaba’s HeadCWhile Issey Miyake’s black turtlenecks are well known because of their connection with former Apple CEO Steve Jobs, the influence that the famous Japanese designer had on Apple could have been even larger, with Jobs first wanting Miyake to create a uniform for all Apple employees.Miyake died from liver cancer at age 84 on Aug. 5. As the news of his death has spread, many are revisiting the designer’s work, including his connection to Jobs.In his biography (传记) of Jobs, author Walter Isaacson details how the great man found himself in the company of Miyake as Jobs was attracted to the Japanese style. Isaacson details how the idea for an Apple uniform came from a trip to Japan in the 1980s when Jobs visited Sony and saw that all workers in the factories were wearing matching uniforms. Jobs asked Akio Morita, then the chairman of Sony, about it.“He looked very ashamed and told me that after the war, no one had any clothes, and companies like Sony had to give their workers something to wear each day.” Jobs said.Miyake had worked with Sony to create a brownish-grey nylon jacket that easily turned into a vest (背心) courtesy of removable sleeves. Isaacson wrote that the uniforms became part of Sony’s “signature (签名) style” and it became a way of connecting workers to the company. “I decided that I wanted that type of connection for Apple.” Jobs said, “So I called Issey and asked him to design a vest for Apple. I came back with some samples and told everyone it would be great if we would all wear these vests. Oh man, I get booed off the stage. Everybody hated the idea.”An Apple uniform from Miyake wasn’t meant to be, but it opened the door to a friendship between Miyake and Jobs and finally a uniform for Jobs himself that included Miyake’s black turtlenecks and Levi’s 501 classic fit jeans.43．What makes Miyake known to the public?A．His designing work. B．His connection to Jobs.C．His influence on Apple. D．His interest in a uniform.44．Which of the following is included in Isaacson’s biography?A．When Miyake died from liver cancer.B．Why Jobs favored the Japanese style.C．How the idea of an Apple uniform came.D．What Jobs saw in Japan’s Apple Company.45．What leads to Jobs’s idea of Apple uniform?A．A vest turned into a jacket.B．A detail of visiting a Japanese company.C．A way of wearing these vests.D．A signature from a Japanese company.46．What does the author think of Miyake’s Apple uniform?A．It makes Miyake and Jobs become friends.B．It should be designed for Jobs.C．It proves the friendship between people.D．It connects Apple with Sony.五、六选四Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Jeff Bezos Reveals His No. 1 Leadership SecretAmazon has reached what its founder and CEO Jeff Bezos called "an interesting milestone.” The retailing giant so highly associated with books and then music and video, now has tens of millions of products in stock and a majority are non-media goods, from drills to tennis balls to almost anything else that can be shipped._____47_____ The 48-year-old has officially transformed Amazon, which he founded in 1994, from an online bookstore that sells other stuff to a retailer---and business services provider---that once sold mostly books. Amazon's stock is up 397 percent in the last five years.So, what's behind the success of the world’s largest online retailer? _____48_____ Bezos regularly leaves one seat open at meetings and informs all attendees that they should consider that seat occupied by their customer---the most important person in the room.Always trying to find out what customers want, Bezos is even stricter about that customers don’t want. They hate delays, defects and out-of-stock products, so the company constantly looks to make them as rare as possible. _____49_____ Amazon data show that a 0.1 second delay in page loading can translate into a one percent drop in customer activity.But great customer service doesn’t fully explain Amazon's extraordinary success. For Bezos, a data driven customer focus encourages him to take risks to innovate. Amazon's kindle, for example, came into being because Bezos believed millions would want an e-book reader that could download any book within 60 seconds. _____50_____ Engineers were free to solve technical challenges as they saw fit, only needing to make it right for consumers.Efficiency ---- cheapness, in the eyes of Amazon’s critics---is also an important part of the Amazon culture. In fact, Bezos likes the two. In 2009, Bezos declared that Amazon had begun fighting against waste. The more he could get rid of needless costs, the easier it would be to deliver rock-bottom prices to customers.A．That turning point might be Bezos' greatest accomplishmentB．Amazon executives would tell you: the empty chair, the internal nickname of the figure that rule their lives.C．Bezos could have done it earlier but he took over twenty years to compete that targetD．Even the tiniest delay in loading a web-page isn’t insignificantE．Customers do enjoy quick delivery, quality products and great after-sales service.F．He set that target without getting pinned down by technical issues.六、概要写作51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible.The Paper ArchitectFor a long time, Zaha Hadid was known as “the paper architect,” someone whose grand designs never left the page to become real buildings. But in recent years her buildings have sprung up like mushrooms all over the world: the Guangzhou Opera House in China, a car factory in Germany, a contemporary art museum in Rome, a transportation museum in Scotland, and the Aquatics Center for the 2012 Olympics in London.Pinning down her individual style is difficult. Certainly Hadid has been influenced by the modem trend in architecture that likes to play with the traditional shape of buildings and fragment (分解) them, creating unpredictable angles and surfaces. Working in this way, she and her fellow architects have produced some spaceship-like structures that seem to go against the normal laws of engineering.The idea of offering the viewer multiple perspectives from within the building is a theme that runs through Hadid’s work. Her most famous building, MAXXI—a museum for the 21st century— in Rome, is a great example. It is a complex and spectacular structure of interlocking concrete shapes. Inside spaces interconnect Tike winding streets, so that the visitor is surprised and charmed at each turn. The Rosenthal Center in Cincinnati produces a similar effect. Like an extension of the street it sits on, it draws you in, with walkways directing you this way and that, and windows inviting you to sample the view. “It’s about promenading” says Hadid, “being able to pause, to look out, look above, look sideways.”So what inspires someone like Hadid to produce such different buildings? She speaks in complimentary terms about the work of her contemporaries. She also cites the natural landscape and organic geological patterns as an influence. But it is not a question that she seems too concerned with and nor perhaps should we be. Hadid is an artist, sharing with us her vision of what buildings should be like and always, as she does so, trying to keep human interests—our interests as users and viewers—at heart.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________七、汉译英52．她能感觉到愤怒在她心中酝酿。___________________________________________________________________________53．当我进来时，我看到他坐在沙发上陷入了深思。(过去分词作状语) ___________________________________________________________________________54．每天都有这么多人用英语交流，掌握好英语将变得越来越重要。(with复合结构) ___________________________________________________________________________55．有人发现一群孩子正在操场上玩耍。(find＋宾＋宾补)___________________________________________________________________________八、图画作文56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请写一篇短文，文章必须包括：1.描述图片2.就“低头族(phubbing)”这一现象谈谈你的看法_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A．opportunity   B．set     C．devoted    D．widely    E. fortune   F. gained  G. lack   H. benefit    I. rapidly    J. put   K. impressed参考答案1．had tasted    2．where    3．with    4．to struggle    5．could    6．forming    7．earlier    8．respected    9．When ##After    10．what## as【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了巧克力帝国创始人弥尔顿·好时的创业经历。1．考查动词时态。句意：但你知道巧克力帝国的创始人弥尔顿·好时在享受成功的味道之前已经尝过很多失败的滋味吗？分析句子结构可知，设空处应用动词作谓语。根据before he ever enjoyed the flavor of success可知，此处动作发生在过去的过去，应使用过去完成时。故填had tasted。2．考查定语从句。句意：弥尔顿带着他从罗耶先生的商店里学到的东西，在19岁时启程前往费城，在那里他创办了自己的第一家公司——春园糖果厂。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是Philadelphia，在从句中作地点状语，应由关系副词where引导。故填where。3．考查介词。句意：他喜欢尝试糖果食谱，很快就想出了一种柔软、耐嚼的焦糖，并大受欢迎。根据空前动词come up和空后名词caramel可知，此处是固定短语come up with“提出，想出”。故填with。4．考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司在一段时间内进展顺利，但弥尔顿越来越发现很难与新兴的竞争作斗争。分析句子结构，根据形式宾语it及形容词hard可知，设空处应用不定式to do作句中真正的宾语。故填to struggle。5．考查情态动词。句意：如果失败是最好的老师，年轻的弥尔顿·好时可能会争辩说他已经获得了博士学位。根据空后动词argue可知，设空处应用情态动词。分析句子结构，that引导宾语从句，且从句中时态为过去完成时，设空处应用一般过去时，结合句意，表示对过去的可能性进行推测，应用情态动词could。故填could。6．考查非谓语动词。句意：他回到Lancaster，准备再试一次，组建一家新公司——Lancaster焦糖公司。根据介词by可知，设空处应用动名词，作宾语。故填forming。7．考查形容词比较级。句意：从他早期的错误中吸取了很多教训，弥尔顿和他的新公司发展迅速，他成为了一名受人尊重的商人。根据前文“Having learned much from”可知，弥尔顿是从早期的错误中积累经验，设空处应用比较级形式，early是形容词，意为“早期的”，其比较级形式是earlier。故填earlier。8．考查形容词。句意：从他早期的错误中吸取了很多教训，弥尔顿和他的新公司发展迅速，他成为了一名受人尊重的商人。设空处应用形容词，修饰名词businessman，作定语。respect是动词，意为“尊重”，其形容词形式为respected。故填respected。9．考查时间状语从句。句意：当博览会关闭时（博览会闭幕后），弥尔顿安排购买了整个展品，工厂和所有展品。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导时间状语从句。结合句意，（当博览会关闭时）博览会闭幕过后，弥尔顿进行的一系列动作，应用when或after引导。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When或After。10．考查比较状语从句。句意：他对于巧克力的影响，就像亨利·福特对汽车和史蒂夫·乔布斯对电脑的影响一样。分析句子可知，设空处应用连词引导比较状语从句。固定句型A is to B what /as C is to D意为“A之于B犹如C之于D”。故填what或as。11．K    12．F    13．I    14．A    15．D    16．B    17．E    18．H    19．C    20．G【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了卡耐基通过自己的努力从贫穷成为成功人士的故事11．考查过去分词。句意：在工作中，他的能力和努力工作的意愿给他的上司留下了深刻的印象。were impressed by表示“对某事印象深刻”，K. impressed“印象深刻”，故选K。12．考查动词时态。句意：1853年，他在宾夕法尼亚铁路公司得到了一份办公室工作。根据“ This was his first big break. ”可知，这是他获得的第一份工作，in 1853提示，应用一般过去时，F. gained“获得”，故选F。13．考查副词。句意：他继续给人留下深刻印象，在公司里迅速晋升，承担越来越多的责任。根据“gaining more and more responsibility”可知，他快速升职， I. rapidly“快速地”，故选 I 。14．考查名词。句意：与此同时，卡内基非常喜欢阅读，并利用一切机会去图书馆。make use of表示“利用”，根据“visit the library”可知，利用机会去图书馆，A.opportunity“机会”，故选A。15．考查副词。句意：他博览群书，尤其是文学。根据“on all subjects”可知，这是广泛阅读，D. widely“广泛地”，故选D。16．考查过去分词。句意：他投资了钢铁行业，并最终建立了自己的企业，拥有几家钢铁厂。set up表示“建立”，是固定短语，B. set“设立”，故选B。17．考查名词。句意：这就是他发迹的地方。根据“the biggest and most profitable business”可知，这是赚取财富， E. fortune“财富”，故选E。18．考查名词。句意：在他看来，成功的富人应该为了社会上每个人的利益重新分配他们的财富。根据“the rest of his life to charity work.”可知，这是做对大家有好处的事， H. benefit“好处”，故选H。19．考查过去分词。句意：1901年，66岁的他信守诺言，从商界退休，将余生奉献给慈善事业。devote life to something表示“致力于做某事”and表示并列，都用一般过去时， C. devoted“致力于”，故选C。20．考查名词。句意：卡耐基缺乏正规教育和贫穷的家庭背景显然没有成为他成功的障碍。根据“didn’t put barriers”可知，缺乏教育没有成为障碍，G. lack“缺乏”，故选G。21．D    22．C    23．C    24．A    25．C    26．B    27．D    28．A    29．D    30．A    31．B    32．B    33．A    34．B    35．A【导语】本篇是一篇记叙文。介绍了Branson的创业历史。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Branson开始推销他的下一个想法：以折扣价出售邮购专辑。A. finishing完成；B. abandoning放弃；C. discussing讨论；D. marketing推销。根据下文“selling mail order albums at discounted price”（以折扣价出售邮购专辑）可知，Branson是要去把他的想法变成现实，是做一个生意，推销自己的想法，故选D。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它迅速成为了一种比杂志更赚钱的生意。A. expensive昂贵的；B. complicated复杂的；C. profitable有利润的；D. beneficial有利的。根据后文“Virgin was then founded”（维珍也就在那个时候被建立了）可知，Branson开创了维珍公司，说明在他做这个生意的时候，他赚钱了、获得利润了，故选C。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：维珍也就在那个时候被建立了。A. produced生产；B. built建造；C. founded建立；D. set out出发。根据后文“Branson has had the name of Virgin fixed to more than 200 different companies.”（Branson把维珍这个名字扩展到超过200家不同的公司。）可知，Virgin这个名字是公司的名字，那么公司应该是被创立，故选C。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它被命名为维珍是因为在成功之前一个上班的员工都没有。A. staff职员；B. employers老板；C. albums专辑；D. workers工人。根据后文“the first Virgin artist”（第一位维珍艺术家）以及“virgin”（原始的）可知，这个公司刚刚开始是没有员工的，而这里是公司，不是表示工厂，所以排除D，故选A。25．考查动词和副词词义辨析。句意：在1973年，第一位维珍艺术家Mike Oldfield发行了第一部专辑Tubular Bells并获得全球成功。A. managed管理；B. collected收集；C. released发布、发行；D. freed释放。根据下文“an album”（专辑）可知，专辑应该是被发行的，故选C。26．考查介词词义辨析。句意：自从那以后，许多家喻户晓的名字包括Phil Collins和the Rolling Stones已经帮助并使得维珍音乐成为世界上顶尖的唱片公司。A. with和；B. including包括；C. specially特别的；D. despite尽管。根据上文“many household names”（许多家喻户晓的名字）以及之后的具体名字Phil Collins和the Rolling Stones可知，这里是举例子，所以应该是包括，故选B。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他赚了很多的钱，但是Branson强调钱不是他做这么多生意的动力。A. points指出；B. demands要求；C. warns警告；D. emphasizes强调。根据上文“Though he was making a really huge fortune”（尽管他赚了很多的钱）可知，Branson确实赚了很多钱，而这句话是让步状语从句，后面表示转折，所以这里是想要表达相反意思，所以要突出，强调，故选D。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他赚了很多的钱，但是Branson强调钱不是他做这么多生意的动力。A. involvement卷入、参与；B. expectation期待；C. investigation调查；D. absorption吸收。根据前文“Branson started over fifty different companies encompassing everything from filmmaking to air conditioner cleaning”（Branson创立了超过50家公司，涵括了从电影制作到空调清洗几乎所有事情）可知，Branson有很多公司，参与很多商业，故选A。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，他享受尝试把一些之前别人尝试做过的事情做的更好的过程。A. failing失败；B. intending打算；C. experimenting实验；D. attempting尝试。由下文“those who have tried before him”（在他之前做过尝试的人）可知，Branson是想要尝试超越别人尝试过的事情，故选D。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Branson不管那些告诉他，他永远没办法和英国航空公司相抗衡的负面评论，继续实施他的抱负。A. ignored忽略；B. admitted承认；C. invited邀请；D. criticized批评。根据前文“Branson started Virgin Atlantic Airlines”（Branson开创了维珍大西洋航空公司）可知，Branson最终还是创立了这个公司，而这里说的是“discouraging comments”（不好的评论），所以应该是忽略了这些不好的评论，故选A。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Branson不管那些告诉他，他永远没办法和英国航空公司相抗衡的负面评论，继续实施他的抱负。A. conquer征服；B. compete竞争；C. win赢；D. defeat击败。根据下文“British Airways”（英国航空公司）可知，Branson创立的航空公司需要和已经有的航空公司进行竞争，故选B。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：惊喜的是，维珍立即由于它的服务和奢华而被认可。A. purchased购买；B. recognized认可；C. complimented赞美；D. forgotten忘记。根据上文“Surprisingly”（令人惊喜的是）可知，Branson创立的公司成功了，由于它的服务和奢华被人们认可了，故选B。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Branson把维珍这个名字扩展到超过200家不同的公司。A. fixed安装；B. removed移除；C. accessed接近；D. painted画画。根据本处语境可知，Virgin这个名字被用在了200多家公司，固定搭配fix to译为“把……装在……上”,故选A。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他因为他不同寻常的商业行为而出名（没当过核心领导，没开过董事会议，他甚至不会操作电脑）。A. understand理解；B. operate操作；C. assemble相似；D. cooperate合作。根据本句“no central headquarters, no board meeting”（没当过核心领导，没开过董事会议）以及单词even (甚至)表示递增，说明Branson有很多不会的，也不会操作电脑，故选B。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续展望着未来。A. dreaming梦想；B. complaining抱怨；C. planning计划；D. boasting夸耀。根据后文“Branson has said, “Why not? It’s virgin territory. ””（Branson说：“为什么不呢？那是一个新的领域”）可知，Branson继续在追逐新的梦想，故选A。36．B    37．C    38．D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Cecilia Chiang在美国创业开中菜馆获得成功，改变了美国人过去对中国菜的刻板印象并使中国菜在美国风靡的故事。36．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So Chiang was determined to open a high-end Chinese restaurant that served authentic Chinese food.(Chiang决定开设一家高档中餐馆，提供正宗的中餐)”由此可知，Cecilia Chiang开设Mandarin餐馆是为了向美国人提供真正的中国菜。故选B。37．推理判断题。根据第四段的“The restaurant wasn’t immediately successful. About a year after opening, the Mandarin received a mention from the San Francisco Chronicle. The effect of the powerful writer’s positive comment was immediate. Tourists, dignitaries and celebrities—from Mae West to John Lennon—flooded into the Mandarin for then-unfamiliar food like tea-smoked duck and twice-cooked pork.(这家餐厅并没有立即获得成功。开业大约一年后，《旧金山纪事报》提到了Mandarin。这位有影响力的作家的正面评论立刻产生了效果。从Mae West到John Lennon，游客、达官显贵和名人纷纷涌入Mandarin，品尝当时不熟悉的食物，比如茶熏鸭和回锅肉。)”可知，Chiang的Mandarin餐馆并不是一开张就获得成功的。在开了大约一年后，Mandarin餐馆被《旧金山纪事报》提到之后，很多游客和社会名流蜂拥而至来到Chiang的餐馆品尝当时他们并不熟悉的食物。再结合第五段的“Though the Mandarin was closed years later, Cecilia Chiang’s DNA can be found all over American Chinese food. Her son founded the chain P. F. Chang’s and the son of one of her chefs founded Panda Express.(尽管Mandarin餐馆几年后被关闭了，但Chiang的中国菜得以在美国传承下去。她的儿子创立了P. F. Chang连锁店，她的一位厨师的儿子创立了Panda Express)”可知，Chiang的中国菜得以在美国传承下去。所以Mandarin餐馆在被《旧金山纪事报》报道后便出名了，许多名人都前来尝试中餐，后来又得以传承下去。由此推知，Mandarin餐馆在美国人中很受欢迎。故选C。38．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Everybody said. ‘You cannot make it. You cannot speak English. You don’t know anything,’ she recalled. In 1961 then, Chiang opened the Mandarin.(“每个人都说，你做不到。你不会说英语。你什么都不知道”。她回忆道。但在1961年，Chang还是开办了Mandarin)”可知，虽然困难重重，Chang还是创立了餐厅。由此推知，Chang是一个意志坚定的人，即determined。再结合文章最后一段“I always think about the better side, the good side of everything.(我总是想到更好的一面，每件事好的一面)”可知，Chang总是看待事物更好的一面。由此推知，Chang是一个积极的人，即positive。所以Chang是一个positive(积极的)和determined(意志坚定的)的人。故选D。39．C    40．D    41．B    42．D【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了马云在一封公开信中宣布辞去阿里巴巴董事长职务。39．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句The company was founded at a time when the industry was still dominated by state-owned firms and entrepreneurship was seen as a risky career path.(该公司成立之际，该行业仍由国有公司主导，创业被视为一条危险的职业道路。)可推断，成立之初，私有企业占少数，故答案为C。40．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句He’s the big one, he’s the one that brings them together.(他是那个大人物，是那个把他们聚集在一起的人。)可推知，马云对于团结周围朋友来说是有影响力的人，答案为D。41．细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句After he steps down, he will continue to be part of the “Alibaba Partnership”, which has the ability to nominate the majority of directors on the company’s board. He also wants to return to education and charity, which gives him excitement and blessings.(在他下台后，他将继续是“Alibaba Partnership”的一部分，Alibaba Partnership拥有提名阿里巴巴公司董事会的大多数董事。他还想回到教育和慈善事业，这给了他兴奋和祝福。)可知，在卸任后，马云会回归慈善和教育，并且有权推荐董事会候选人。故答案为B。42．主旨大意题，通读全文，尤其是文章首句Alibaba co-founder and chairman Jack Ma on Monday announced in an open letter that he would step down, with the company CEO Daniel Zhang taking over as the chairman of the board.(阿里巴巴联合创始人兼董事长马云周一在一封公开信中宣布，他将辞职，公司首席执行官张丹妮接任董事会主席。)可知，本文主要报道马云辞去阿里巴巴总裁一职，因此D符合文章主要内容，作为标题最为恰当。故答案是D。43．C    44．C    45．B    46．A【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了日本设计师Issey Miyake为苹果公司设计制服的过程及他与苹果公司CEO Steve Jobs之间友谊的建立过程。43．细节理解题。根据第一段“While Issey Miyake’s black turtlenecks are well known because of their connection with former Apple CEO Steve Jobs, the influence that the famous Japanese designer had on Apple could have been even larger, (尽管Issey Miyake的黑色高领衫因与前苹果公司CEO Steve Jobs的关系而名声在外，但是这位著名的日本设计师对苹果公司的影响甚至本来可能会更大一些)”可知，Miyake对苹果公司的影响使他名声在外。故选C。44．细节理解题。根据第三段“ Isaacson details how the idea for an Apple uniform came from a trip to Japan in the 1980s(Isaacson详细描述了为苹果公司做制服的想法是如果通过在二十世纪八十年代去日本的一次旅行中产生的)”可知，在Isaacson的传记中讲述了制作苹果公司制服的想法是如何产生的。故选C。45．细节理解题。根据第三段“Isaacson details how the idea for an Apple uniform came from a trip to Japan in the 1980s when Jobs visited Sony and saw that all workers in the factories were wearing matching uniforms. (Isaacson详细描述了为苹果公司做制服的想法是如果通过在二十世纪八十年代去日本的一次旅行中产生的，当时Jobs参观了Sony公司，看到了工厂所有的工人都穿着统一的制服)”可知，因参观了一家日本公司，导致Job有了制作苹果公司制服的想法。故选B。46．推理判断题。根据最后一段“An Apple uniform from Miyake wasn’t meant to be, but it opened the door to a friendship between Miyake and Jobs and finally a uniform for Jobs himself that included Miyake’s black turtlenecks and Levi’s 501 classic fit jeans.( Miyake设计的苹果制服并不是注定的，但它打开了Miyake和Jobs之间友谊的大门，并最终为Jobs本人设计了一套制服，包括Miyake的黑色高领毛衣和李维斯501经典合身牛仔裤)”可知，作者认为Miyake的苹果制服使他和Jobs成为了朋友。故选A。47．A    48．B    49．D    50．F【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了亚马逊创始人兼首席执行官杰夫•贝佐斯揭示的亚马逊成功的最大秘诀。47．空后说现年48岁的贝佐斯正式改变了他于1994年创立的亚马逊，从一家在线书店向一家零售商和商业服务提供商转变，后者曾经主要销售书籍。亚马逊的股票在过去五年里上涨了397%，此处总领全段，说的是这种转型对贝佐斯的影响，故A项（这个转折点可能是贝佐斯最大的成就）符合语境。48．空后说贝佐斯经常在会议上留下一个空位，并通知所有与会者，他们应该考虑他们的客户所占的座位——房间里最重要的人，因此此处应该会提到与座位有关的内容，故B项（亚马逊的高管们会告诉你：这张空椅子，是统治他们生活的人物的内部昵称）符合语境。49．空后说亚马逊数据显示，页面加载延迟0.1秒可以转化为客户活动减少1%，因此此处应该是说加载页面的小小延迟也会造成很大影响，故D项（即使是加载网页的最小延迟也不是不重要的）符合语境。50．空后说工程师可以自由地解决他们认为合适的技术挑战，只需要让它适合于消费者，因此此处应该会提到技术问题，故F项（他没有被技术问题所困扰就设定了目标）符合语境。51．    Recent years have seen an increasing number of Zaha Hadid’s buildings globally. By breaking down traditional building shapes to produce seemingly impossible structures, Hadid has formed her own style. She hopes people inside her works can appreciate them from different angles. As an artist, she wants people to know more buildings, which is why she has produced such distinct works.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国女建筑师扎哈·哈迪德。近年来，扎哈·哈迪德的建筑作品出现在全球各地，她的作品打破传统的建筑造型，创造出看似不可能的结构，她希望人们能够从不同的角度欣赏她的作品。同时，作为一名建筑师，她也希望人们更多地了解建筑。【详解】1.要点摘录①But in recent years her buildings have sprung up like mushrooms all over the world: the Guangzhou Opera House in China, a car factory in Germany, a contemporary art museum in Rome, a transportation museum in Scotland, and the Aquatics Center for the 2012 Olympics in London.②Certainly Hadid has been influenced by the modem trend in architecture that likes to play with the traditional shape of buildings and fragment (分解) them, creating unpredictable angles and surfaces.③Working in this way, she and her fellow architects have produced some spaceship-like structures that seem to go against the normal laws of engineering.④The idea of offering the viewer multiple perspectives from within the building is a theme that runs through Hadid’s work.⑤So what inspires someone like Hadid to produce such different buildings? She speaks in complimentary terms about the work of her contemporaries.⑥Hadid is an artist, sharing with us her vision of what buildings should be like and always, as she does so, trying to keep human interests—our interests as users and viewers—at heart.2.缜密构思将第②和③两个要点进行重组，将第⑤和⑥两个要点进行重组。3.遣词造句①Recently, Hadid’s buildings have sprung up all over the world.②Hadid broke down traditional building shapes to produce seemingly impossible structures, which made her form her own style.③Hadid’s works can offer the viewer multiple perspectives from within the building.④Hadid has produced such distinct works, because she wants people to know more buildings.【点睛】[高分句型1] By breaking down traditional building shapes to produce seemingly impossible structures, Hadid has formed her own style. （运用了“by doing”结构在句中作状语，对原文第二段进行了概括）[高分句型2] As an artist, she wants people to know more buildings, which is why she has produced such distinct works.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，对原文第四段进行了概括）52．She could feel the anger growing, bubbling up inside her.【详解】考查非谓语动词作宾补。表示主语“她”用she；表示“能感觉到愤怒在她心中酝酿”可以用“动词+宾语+宾补”的结构，anger与grow, bubble up之间是主谓的关系，所以用现在分词作宾补，即could feel the anger growing, bubbling up inside her.故翻译为：She could feel the anger growing, bubbling up inside her.53．When I came in，I saw him sitting in the sofa lost in thought.【详解】考查非谓语和状语从句。“进来”翻译为come in；“看到”翻译为see；“坐在沙发上”翻译为sit in the sofa；“陷入深思”翻译为be lost in thought。根据句意，“当我进来时”可用when引导时间状语从句，“看到他坐在沙发上”可用see sb. doing sth.句型，“陷入沉思”可用lost in though做状语。且此处陈述过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时，故翻译为：When I came in，I saw him sitting in the sofa lost in thought。54．With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.【详解】考查时态，with复合结构，固定句型和短语。句子陈述将来的事情，用一般将来时；根据要求“每天都有这么多人用英语交流”可处理为with复合结构，“如此多的人”表达为so many people，“用英语交流”表达为communicate in English，people和communicate之间为主动关系，用现在分词作宾补；“做某事是……的”用固定句型it be +adj.+to do，“越来越重要”表达为more and more important，“掌握好英语”表达为have a good command of English。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.55．A group of children were found playing on the playground.【详解】考查固定句式。本句要用“find＋宾＋宾补”，分析句子可知，发现某人在做某事为“find sb doing sth.”。本句中是“孩子被发现……”，故用sb be found doing sth，因此本句可译为A group of children were found playing on the playground.  56．The cartoon vividly reflects a common phenomenon: many people are becoming increasingly addicted to the virtual world presented by smartphones. It warns us that the phenomenon of phubbing has grown to such an extent that it shouldn't be treated lightly.Since they inevitably distract people's attention, things like that are entirely possible. In fact, phubbing has a far more profound impact on people and society. Phubbing is not only a distraction, but also a poison to our relationships with others. To reverse the trend of phubbing, the key is to pay more attention to the charm of real life. With time and efforts wasted on the smartphones back, we are perfectly capable of hanging out with friends, having dinner with our family, and most importantly, embracing the reality. It's time to say goodbye to technological devices. Hug your real life, and you'll be surprised how much meaningful stuff you can get done without these inventions.【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画作文。要求考生对图中反映的低头族现象提出自己的看法和建议。【详解】1.词汇积累愈发沉迷于：are becoming increasingly addicted to→ are becoming increasingly obsessed with不可避免地：inevitably→ unavoidably能够：are perfectly capable of→ are perfectly able to惊讶的：surprised→ amazed2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：With time and efforts wasted on the smartphones back, we are perfectly capable of hanging out with friends, having dinner with our family, and most importantly, embracing the reality. 拓展句：With time and efforts wasted on the smartphones back, we are perfectly capable of hanging out with friends, having dinner with our family, and what is the most important is embracing the reality.【点睛】【高分句型1】It warns us that the phenomenon of phubbing has grown to such an extent that it shouldn't be treated lightly.（运用了such...that…如此……以至于……固定句式）【高分句型2】Hug your real life, and you'll be surprised how much meaningful stuff you can get done without these inventions.（运用了祈使句+and+一般将来时的句式结构）