高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future课时作业

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future课时作业，共10页。试卷主要包含了predict v，identify vt，lifestyle n，utnumber v，　　　　 adj等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
(2023新课标Ⅱ,B)
Turning sil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sund like tugh wrk fr middle and high schl kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramill's students live in neighbrhds where fresh fd and green space are nt easy t find and fast fd restaurants utnumber grcery stres. “The kids literally cme t schl with bags f snacks and large bttles f sft drinks,” she says. “They cme t us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Thugh sme are initially scared f the insects and turned ff by the dirt, mst are eager t try smething new.
Urban Spruts' classes, at tw middle schls and tw high schls, include hands-n experiments such as sil testing, flwer-and-seed dissectin, tastings f fresh r dried prduce, and wrk in the garden. Several times a year, students ck the vegetables they grw, and they ccasinally make salads fr their entire schls.
Prgram evaluatins shw that kids eat mre vegetables as a result f the classes. “We have students wh say they went hme and talked t their parents and nw they're eating differently,” Jaramill says.
She adds that the prgram's benefits g beynd nutritin. Sme students get s interested in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens. Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n Jaramill's special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues. “They get utside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
1.What d we knw abut Abby Jaramill?
A.She used t be a health wrker. B.She grew up in a lw-incme family.
C.She wns a fast fd restaurant. D.She is an initiatr f Urban Spruts.
2.What was a prblem facing Jaramill at the start f the prgram?
A.The kids' parents distrusted her. B.Students had little time fr her classes.
C.Sme kids disliked garden wrk. D.There was n space fr schl gardens.
3.Which f the fllwing best describes the impact f the prgram?
A.Far-reaching. B.Predictable. C.Shrt-lived. D.Unidentifiable.
4.What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A.Rescuing Schl Gardens B.Experiencing Cuntry Life
C.Grwing Vegetable Lvers D.Changing Lcal Landscape
高考词汇站
派生/合成词汇
1.envirnment n.环境→ adj.环境的;环保的
2.aware adj.意识到的,知道的→ n.意识,知道
3.evaluate vt.评价;评估→ n.评价,评估
4.trust v.信任;相信→ v.不信任,怀疑
5.predict v.预测;预报→ adj.可预见的,可预料的
6.identify vt.识别;确认→identifiable adj.可识别的;可辨认的→ adj.无法辨认的,难以确认的
7.lifestyle n.
8.utnumber v.
9. adj.动手的,实际操作的
10.far-reaching adj.
11.shrt-lived adj.
B
(2022新高考Ⅰ,B)
Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste. The arugula(芝麻菜) was t make a nice green salad, runding ut a rast chicken dinner. But I ended up wrking late. Then friends called with a dinner invitatin. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much;I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
In a wrld where nearly 800 millin peple a year g hungry, “fd waste ges against the mral grain,” as Elizabeth Ryte writes in this mnth's cver stry. It's jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away—frm “ugly”(but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grcers t large amunts f uneaten dishes thrwn int restaurant garbage cans.
Prducing fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces used t grw it. That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem. In fact, Ryte writes, “if fd waste were a cuntry, it wuld be the third largest prducer f greenhuse gases in the wrld.”
If that's hard t understand, let's keep it as simple as the arugula at the back f my refrigeratr. Mike Curtin sees my arugula stry all the time—but fr him, it's mre like 12 bxes f dnated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO f DC Central Kitchen in Washingtn, D.C., which recvers fd and turns it int healthy meals. Last year it recvered mre than 807,500 punds f fd by taking dnatins and cllecting blemished(有瑕疵的) prduce that therwise wuld have rtted(腐烂) in fields. And the strawberries?Vlunteers will wash, cut, and freeze r dry them fr use in meals dwn the rad.
Such methds seem bvius, yet s ften we just dn't think. “Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn't eat,”Curtin says.
5.What des the authr want t shw by telling the arugula stry?
A.We pay little attentin t fd waste.
B.We waste fd unintentinally at times.
C.We waste mre vegetables than meat.
D.We have gd reasns fr wasting fd.
6.What is a cnsequence f fd waste accrding t the text?
A.Mral decline. B.Envirnmental harm.
C.Energy shrtage. D.Wrldwide starvatin.
7.What des Curtin's cmpany d?
A.It prduces kitchen equipment.
B.It turns rtten arugula int clean fuel.
C.It helps lcal farmers grw fruits.
D.It makes meals ut f unwanted fd.
8.What des Curtin suggest peple d?
A.Buy nly what is needed.
B.Reduce fd cnsumptin.
C.G shpping nce a week.
D.Eat in restaurants less ften.
高考词汇站
派生/合成词汇
1.mind v.当心,注意 n.大脑 → adj.留神的,注意的
2.freeze v.冷冻,冷藏→ n.冰冻室,冰柜
3.eat v.吃 → adj.可吃的
4.dnate v.捐赠→ n.捐赠(物)
5.cnsume v.消耗,耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)→ n.消费量,消耗量
6.jaw-drpping adj.
熟词生义
7.recver v.
答案与分层梯度式解析
高考练
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要通过介绍一个名为Prject Debater的软件程序在辩论中战胜了人类对手,以及它明显的缺陷——无法理解意义,说明了社会交往才是理解意义的关键所在。
1.B 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“ a sftware prgram called Prject Debater beat its human ppnents, including Na Ovadia, Israel's frmer natinal debating champin”可知,一个名为Prject Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手,其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Na Ovadia。所以,作者在第一段提到Na Ovadia的目的是展示Prject Debater的聪明。故选B。
2.C 词义猜测题。画线处上文提到“尽管Prject Debater很聪明,但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的论点中提取句子,并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误”。画线处所在句子意思是“这样的 wrinkles无疑会被解决”,由此可知,画线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”,和errrs意思相近,故选C。
3.B 细节理解题。倒数第二段提到Hammnd所指的是意义的问题,而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键,计算机使用符号,它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则,但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义,事实上,对于计算机来说,意义是无关紧要的。由此可知,根据Hammnd的说法,Prject Debater不能理解意义,故选B。
4.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段前三句提到“意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程,而不是计算的过程,这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中,也存在于我们的头脑之外,存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。这就是人类与机器的区别。”可知,从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
长难句
原句1 As Kristian Hammnd, prfessr f electrical engineering and cmputer science at Nrthwestern University, put it: “There's never a stage at which the system knws what it's talking abut.”
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。As引导非限制性定语从句,as sb. put it意为“正如某人所说”;at which引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词stage;what引导宾语从句。
译文 正如西北大学电子工程和计算机科学教授Kristian Hammnd所说的:“从来没有一个阶段系统知道它在说什么。”
原句2 What Hammnd is referring t is the questin f meaning, and meaning is central t what distinguishes the least intelligent f humans frm the mst intelligent f machines.
分析 该句是一个并列复合句。and连接前后两个并列的分句。在第一个分句中What引导主语从句,第二个分句中what引导介词t后的宾语从句。
译文 Hammnd指的是意义的问题,而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的核心。
【高考词汇站】 1.weakness 2.argument 3.central
4.intelligent 5.irrelevant 6.interactin 7.做得比……好;胜过 8.聪颖的
B
◎语篇解读 本文介绍了一种铁路无人机,这种无人机可以保障铁路安全并能大量节省铁路维护费用。
5.A 细节理解题。由第二段第一、二句“Drnes are already being used t examine high-tensin electrical lines. They culd d precisely the same thing t inspect railway lines and ther vital aspects f rail infrastructure... (无人机已经被用来检查高压电线。它们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面……)”可知,无人机在检查高压电线方面的应用使它们在铁路线方面的应用成为可能。
6.C 词义猜测题。由第三段第二句尤其是其中的“sending maintenance staff”和“t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure”可知,派遣维修人员是为了检查和维修铁路基础设施,因此maintenance表示“检查和维修”。
7.A 细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句“With their ability t see ahead, they culd signal any prblem, s that fast-mving trains wuld be able t react in time.”可知,铁路无人机有望具备预警的功能。
8.D 主旨大意题。纵观全文,梳理文章结构:第一段通过设问引出话题:无人机在铁路领域的应用;第二段分析将无人机运用于该领域的可行性;第三、四段介绍应用后的好处。由此可知,文章主要说明无人机会如何改变铁路的未来,故以此为题目最合适。
【高考词汇站】 1.reliability 2.peratin;peratr
3.safety 4.prtectin 5.apprximately 6.铁路 7.高压的 8.在空中,在头上方 9.(飞机的)副驾驶员 10.迅速移动的