押浙江卷第38-41题 阅读理解（说明文）（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份押浙江卷第38-41题 阅读理解（说明文）（原卷版+解析版），文件包含押浙江卷第38-41题阅读理解说明文原卷版docx、押浙江卷第38-41题阅读理解说明文解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共23页， 欢迎下载使用。

说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是中考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。
说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。中考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
（2023·浙江杭州·中考真题）
Cyclcrss is crss-cuntry bicycle racing. Racers spend nly part f a race n their bikes because nly part f the tw-mile race is smth. Other parts f the race have the challenge f bstacles (障碍). When racers reach them, they can ride ver them, r pick up their bikes and run.
T be a tp racer, yu must dismunt withut slwing dwn at all. T d this, swing yur right leg ver the bike seat. At the same time, mve the bike away frm yur bdy. This makes rm fr yur right ft t hit the grund next t yur left ft. As yur right ft nears the grund, take yur left ft away frm the bike. Put bth feet n the grund and start running!
As sn as yu are running, yu have t decide what t d with yur bike. Yu may shulder it r lift it. It’s imprtant t practice bth skills. Smetimes yu need t run fast and jump ver sme bstacles. As yur feet hit the grund, yu reach dwn and catch the bttm f yur bike. Lift up carefully and keep the bike n yur right shulder while yu run. Smetimes yu may lift yur bike. Yu catch the tp f yur bike. Then yu lift the bike high enugh t get ver the bstacles and carefully put the bike n the grund.
After yu have carried yur bike acrss an bstacle, yu will need t remunt. As sn as yur bike is n the grund, push ff with yur left leg, swing yur right leg ver the bike seat, and mve int riding psitin. Remunting can be the hardest skill f cyclcrss. Yu can learn by watching smene wh remunts well.
Cyclcrss is a great way t stay active and have fun. Hwever, it can be dangerus. Make sure that yu are well prepared. Then, yu will just need t g!
1．What can we learn abut cyclcrss frm the text?
A．It’s a n-bstacle bike race.B．It’s a crss-city bike race.
C．It’s a challenging bike race.D．It’s a dangerus running race.
2．What des the underlined wrd “dismunt” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Pick up a bike.B．Get ff a bike.C．Get back n a bike.D．Practice riding a bike.
3．Why des a racer have t shulder a bike in a race?
A．T jump ver bstacles.B．T take care f the bike.
C．T make rm fr thers.D．T hit the grund harder.
4．What is the text mainly abut?
A．The skills f cyclcrss racing.B．The histry f cyclcrss racing.
C．The recrds f cyclcrss racing.D．The ppularity f cyclcrss racing.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了越野自行车比赛的情况，以及成为一名顶级赛车手所要具备的技能。
1．细节理解题。根据“Racers spend nly part f a race n their bikes because nly part f the tw-mile race is smth. Other parts f the race have the challenge f bstacles”可知，这是一个有挑战性的比赛，故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“T be a tp racer, yu must dismunt withut slwing dwn at all. T d this, swing yur right leg ver the bike seat. At the same time, mve the bike away frm yur bdy…”可知，要成为一名顶级赛车手，速度必须要快，而且要做到在不减速的情况下从自行车上下来，所以划线单词是指“get ff a bike”，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“As sn as yu are running, yu have t decide what t d with yur bike. Yu may shulder it r lift it. It’s imprtant t practice bth skills. Smetimes yu need t run fast and jump ver sme bstacles.”可知，扛着自行车是为了跳过一些障碍，故选A。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了越野自行车比赛的情况，以及成为一名顶级赛车手所要具备的技能，故选A。
（2023·浙江宁波·中考真题）
①Have yu ever thught abut what’s mre imprtant, lking fashinable r feeling cmfrtable? Yu might have nticed many peple chsing style ver cmfrt and sme even g t extremes（极端）t fllw fashin. But we shuld remember: being fashinable isn’t everything. It’s mre imprtant t be healthy.
②Sme peple believe that they need t be a certain size t lk gd. S, they start extreme diets（日常饮食）that are nt gd fr their health. They might nt eat meals r eat t little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way t live?
③Als, many girls wear shes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them lk taller. But these shes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard t walk cmfrtably, and it can increase risks f falls. Sme even wear tight（紧的）clthes that influence bld circulatin（循环）making it hard t breathe. Shuld we put fashin ver cmfrt and physical health?
④Besides, sme bys and girls spend a lt f time and mney changing their hair clr. The material they use is usually harmful t their health. T make their hair straight r curly, they als use tls that are ht enugh t burn their hair. But using these tls t ften r at very high temperatures can make the hair dry r even burnt. Is it really wrth it t risk ur health, spending s much time and mney?
⑤S, let’s rethink what’s really imprtant. Is it fashin r is it ur well-being? Clthes r hairstyles dn’t tell us anything abut a persn’s character. Instead f spending a lt f time chsing clthes, we culd use that time t d fun things with friends. And instead f fllwing extreme diets, let’s eat prperly and exercise regularly. Remember, yur wrth is nt decided by yur appearance, but by wh yu are as a persn.
5．Why d sme peple g n extreme diets accrding t the passage?
A．Because the diets are healthy.B．Because they just want t lk gd.
C．Because they want t save time.D．Because they want t save mney.
6．What is the writer’s purpse f using a questin in each paragraph?
A．T ask fr help frm readers.B．T tell hw t spend time and mney.
C．T describe the latest fashin.D．T lead readers t think abut the tpic.
7．What des the underlined wrd “well-being” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Grwth.B．Health.C．Warmth.D．Wealth.
8．Which f the fllwing best shws the structure f the passage?
A．B．C．D．
【答案】5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由你这个人决定的。健康的生活才是最重要的。
5．细节理解题。根据“Sme peple believe that they need t be a certain size t lk gd. S, they start extreme diets（日常饮食）that are nt gd fr their health.”可知，因为他们想看起来好看，故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据“It’s mre imprtant t be healthy”以及每一段的问题可知，作者提出这些问题是为了让读者思考“健康才是更重要的”这个主题，故选D。
7．词义猜测题。根据“Is it a healthy way t live”“Shuld we put fashin ver cmfrt and physical health”及“Is it really wrth it t risk ur health, spending s much time and mney”可知，作者提出的每个观点都是围绕“健康”和“时尚”哪一个更重要，所以划线单词与health同义，故选B。
8．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出本文的主题，第二段到第四段介绍人们为了追求时尚的一些不健康生活方式；第五段是总结，故选A。
（2023·浙江温州·中考真题）
A marathn is a lng running race f 26.2 miles (42.195 kilmetres). The first Olympic Marathn was held in Athens. Nw, many cities hst their wn marathns every year. Sme f the best-knwn marathns arund the wrld are the New Yrk City Marathn, the Bstn Marathn and the Tky Marathn. Amng them, the Bstn Marathn which started in 1897, is the ldest yearly marathn in the wrld. As time ges by, the sprt has becme mre than just a race.
Themes f marathns add fun and meaning t the hard miles. Runners run fr helping sick kids, celebrating imprtant events, r just enjying nature. There is a famus marathn in Gisbrne, New Zealand, which is knwn fr being the first city in the wrld t welcme the sunlight every day. Runners can greet the sunrise as they race alng the glden sandy beaches.
Marathn rutes bring peple mre understanding f the ld sprt. Sme rutes prvide great sprting challenges fr runners. The rutes ffer varius surfaces, frm bridges t sand t hills. Runners f all skill levels can sweat freely and push their limits in the race. Sme rutes are well planned fr runners t explre the many sides f a city. Fr example, the rute f the Great Wall Marathn takes the runners alng the great wnder f the wrld. The race can be an amazing chance t get t knw Beijing, its peple and lcal fd.
A marathn is quite a jurney fr runners t enjy the run, challenge themselves and experience the culture. There is s much mre behind the race fr us t explre.
9．Accrding t the passages the ldest yearly marathn is ________.
A．the Tky MarathnB．the Olympic Marathn
C．the Bstn MarathnD．the New Yrk City Marathn
10．What might be the theme f the marathn in Gisbrne?
A．First Light.B．Lively Kids.C．Green Miles.D．Fun Beach.
11．The writer uses the example f the Great Wall Marathn t tell that the rute ________.
A．is difficult t planB．shws the city culture
C．ffers different surfacesD．brings challenge t runners
12．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．Marathn: Nt Just a RaceB．Marathn: Rutes and Rules
C．Marathn: Histry and ThamesD．Marathn: A Race fr Everyne
【答案】9．C 10．A 11．B 12．A
【导语】本文介绍了马拉松比赛，它是一段享受跑步、挑战自我和体验文化的旅程。
9．细节理解题。根据“Amng them, the Bstn Marathn which started in 1897, is the ldest yearly marathn in the wrld.”可知波士顿马拉松赛是世界上最古老的年度马拉松赛。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据“There is a famus marathn in Gisbrne, New Zealand, which is knwn fr being the first city in the wrld t welcme the sunlight every day.(在新西兰的吉斯伯恩有一场著名的马拉松比赛，它是世界上第一个每天都欢迎阳光的城市。)”可知“第一道光”可作为吉斯伯恩的马拉松主题。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据“Fr example, the rute f the Great Wall Marathn takes the runners alng the great wnder f the wrld. The race can be an amazing chance t get t knw Beijing, its peple and lcal fd.”可知长城马拉松是了解北京、北京人和当地食物的绝佳机会。故选B。
12．最佳标题题。本文介绍了马拉松比赛，它是一段享受跑步、挑战自我和体验文化的旅程。A选项“马拉松：不仅仅是一场比赛”为最佳标题。故选A。
阅读说明文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息：
A. 说明的对象
B. 说明对象的特征
C. 说明的方法（例证法；定义法；分类法；因果关系法；比较对照法；过程分析法）
（1）例证法
这是用具体例子来说明人或事物的特征、本质及其规律的方法,所用例子必须有代表性、典型性,能体现人或事物的本质特征。这是用特殊来说明一般的方法。通常在主题句后,用 Fr example 或 Fr instance 等短语引导出具体的例子。
（2）定义法
下定义就是给说明对象一个明确概念。这是科学而严密的说明方法。它既能揭示事物的本质特征,勾勒其大概,描绘其轮廓,同时也能确定事物的范围和界限。下定义是多方面的,可以给人、事物、思想等下定义。
（3）分类法
分类法是对同属不同类或同类而不同种的人或事物,根据不同性质进行分门别类地说明的方法。分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一。分类必须遵守分类规则,使分类对象具有统一属性,依据同一分类标准,并使分类的子项相互排斥,不互相包蕴。
（4）因果关系法
事物变化的原因和结果是紧密相关的。如果某个现象的存在必然引起另一个现象的发生,那么,这两个现象之间就具有因果关系。因果关系包括由果推因(由结果去推测原因)和由因推果(由原因去推测结果)两种情况。因果关系符合人们的日常思维逻辑,因而在写作中得到广泛应用,常用 because, as, since, s, nw that, , the reasn is that...等表示因果关系。
（5）比较对照法
有意识地把两种相反、相对的事物或同一事物相反、相对的两个方面放在一起,用比较的方法加以描述或说明,指出其相同点,这种写法叫做比较;指出其不同点,叫做对照。比较和对照各有不同的侧重,但两种方法经常结合使用。
（6）过程分析法
过程分析法就是把事物发展过程分为若干步骤,然后逐一加以分析说明。这种写法在说明文中使用得相当广泛。过程分析与叙事和因果关系等写法有密切关系,但彼此又有明显区别:叙事研究的对象是What happens;因果关系研究的对象是Why it happens,而过程分析研究的对象是Hw it happens。
（23-24九年级下·浙江·期中）D yu knw smene wh just can’t make friends? We all have times when it’s hard t cnnect and make friends. S, I will shw yu abut five scial habits that we shuld all pay attentin t, and hw they can help us make mre friends, and better friends.
Talking abut yurself
This is number ne because it’s smething many f us d t ften. Cnversatins are give-and-take. When yu nly talk abut yurself, yu are just taking, nt giving. Learn t ask questins, and when yu listen, dn’t prepare yur next thught in yur head. When bth are listening, the cnversatin becmes much mre interesting.
Staring at yur phne
Everyne is staring at their phnes. It may seem kay, as it’s nt a scial event. But every time we stare at ur screens, we blck ut the wrld, and any chance we have f cnnecting with anther persn. This isn’t just imprtant with strangers, but even with friends, because lking at ur phnes tells everyne, “My phne is mre imprtant than yu.”
Uninterested bdy language
Sme peple use their hands a lt when they speak, and sme f us dn’t. But bdy language isn’t just abut ur hands, it’s abut ur whle bdy. When we dn’t sit up straight and make eye cntact, it shws that we dn’t really care. I’m guilty f this smetimes, t. And f curse, smiling helps! It desn’t need t be a big smile, it needs t be a real smile. Mr. Bean is the persn wh can make full use f the bdy language. He can make himself understd withut saying a wrd.
Dn’t rush it, but dn’t frget t pen up
Friendships are a type f relatinship, s they shuldn’t get t deep r t quickly. Sme peple share their whle life stry and struggles t fast. But that’s embarrassing fr the listener. Other peple dn’t want t seem weak, s they never pen up, and the friendship desn’t get deeper.
Being t negative
Everyne wakes up n the wrng side f the bed smetimes. But being grumpy (坏脾气的) every day is smething different. Dn’t get a reputatin fr being a Debbie Dwner. Try t see the gd things in life, and that will help yu spread a psitive attitude.
It’s tugh t make friends, and tugh t understand ur wn friends smetimes, s I hpe this list helps yu in sme way.
13．Hw des the writer shw the imprtance f different kinds f bdy language?
A．By telling stries.B．By asking questins.
C．By giving examples.D．By making cmparisns.
14．What des the underlined phrase “wake up n the wrng side f the bed” in the passage mean?
A．have awful feelingsB．fight with friends
C．get up late fr wrkD．put the wrng clthes n
15．Which f the fllwing might be the writer’s suggestin?
A．Prepare all that yu want t talk befre a cnversatin.
B．Stare at yur phne and use yur hands when speaking.
C．Try t shw ff when meeting thers fr the first time.
D．Learn t manage yur bad feelings well nce in a while.
16．What is the writer’s purpse in writing this passage?
A．T ask peple t be plite when talking.
B．T remind peple f sme gd things in life.
C．T tell peple that it’s difficult t make friends.
D．T list sme scial habits t help us make friends.
【答案】13．C 14．A 15．D 16．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们都应该注意的五个社交习惯，以及它们如何帮助我们交到更多的朋友和更好的朋友。
13．细节理解题。根据“Sme peple use their hands a lt when they speak, and sme f us dn’t.”及“When we dn’t sit up straight and make eye cntact, it shws that we dn’t really care.”可知，作者通过举例说明了各种肢体语言的重要性。故选C。
14．词句猜测题。根据“But being grumpy (坏脾气的) every day is smething different.”可推知，此处指起床的时候感觉不好。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据“Try t see the gd things in life, and that will help yu spread a psitive attitude.”及第六段内容可推知，作者建议人们应学着偶尔管理好自己的不良情绪，应传播积极的态度。故选D。
16．主旨大意题。根据“S, I will shw yu abut five scial habits that we shuld all pay attentin t, and hw they can help us make mre friends, and better friends.”可知，本文主要列举了一些社交习惯，能帮助我们交朋友。故选D。
（2024·浙江杭州·一模）We made a survey amng different age grups n preferred ways f watching TV prgrams. The fllwing is the analysis (分析) f the survey results. We hpe t give suggestins t advertisers based n the findings.
TV viewers f different ages were asked abut their primary way f watching TV. The results can be seen in the pie chart, which shws that althugh live TV is still ppular, it is nw preferred by just under half f thse surveyed. Watching recrded prgrams (DVR) is the secnd mst ppular way (23%), with nline streaming (直播) in third place (17%).
Of the peple wh chse each f the three main viewing kinds, the graph (柱状图) shws what percentage was in each f the seven age grups. T help advertisers lk fr target (目标) age grups, the reprt will fcus n the data (数据) shwn in this graph.
The survey shws that live TV viewers are still the largest grup. They are lder in age, s advertising thrugh live TV will be less helpful fr prducts aimed at yunger peple.
On demand (点播) r DVR viewers are mre likely t be aged 25—44. This is the best kind fr advertisers aiming at a wide age grup. Hwever, it shuld be remembered that they are likely t skip advertisements when watching recrded prgrams. They think it is a waste f time t watch ads.
Online streaming viewers are typically yunger in age (under 25). Althugh they nw make up less than a fifth f viewers, the number is likely t rise in the near future.
Generally, it is likely that the data fr the three kinds will becme almst the same in the near future.
17．Which f the fllwing is the secnd mst ppular way f watching TV?
A．Live TV.B．On demand.C．DVR.D．Online streaming.
18．Accrding t the graph, which age grup like live TV best?
A．The 18 r yunger grup.B．The 18—24 grup.
C．The 45—54 grup.D．The 65 r lder grup.
19．Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrd “skip” in Paragraph 5?
A．Enjy.B．Avid.C．Take.D．Find.
20．Which is the best title fr the text?
A．The analysis f peple’s preferred TV advertisements.
B．The analysis f peple’s favrite way f watching TV.
C．The analysis f advertisers’ favrite TV watching time.
D．The analysis f advertisers’ suggestins t TV viewers.
【答案】17．C 18．D 19．B 20．B
【导语】本文主要是对人们最喜欢看电视的方式的分析。
17．细节理解题。根据“Watching recrded prgrams (DVR) is the secnd mst ppular way (23%)”可知，看录制的节目是第二大最受欢迎的方式。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据柱状图和“The survey shws that live TV viewers are still the largest grup. They are lder in age”可知，65岁及以上的老人最喜欢电视直播。故选D。
19．词义猜测题。根据“They think it is a waste f time t watch ads.”可知，很多人认为看广告是浪费时间，所以他们在观看录制的节目时很可能会跳过广告。skip意为“跳过”，和avid意思相近，故选B。
20．最佳标题题。根据“We made a survey amng different age grups n preferred ways f watching TV prgrams”可知，文章主要是对人们最喜欢看电视的方式的分析，所以B选项符合，故选B。
（2024·浙江舟山·二模）Music helps us exercise — but why is it pssible? There are tw main reasns. The first is simple: Music distract us. When we listen t a sng we like, ur brain pays attentin t the music, s ur bdy might nt feel tired immediately, and we exercise a little lnger.
Music als mtivates (激励) us. When we hear dance music, fr example, we naturally start t mve t the beat. A cheerful sng makes us feel happier. This gives us energy and helps us exercise lnger. Music with a quick beat is gd fr exercising. But the music shuldn’t be t fast. Generally, sngs with 120—140 beats per minute (BPM) are the best.
A new study by cgnitive scientist Tm Fritz suggests that this is nly part f the explanatin, hwever. In an experiment, Fritz put 61 peple in small grups. They all then exercised twice. One time, each grup wrked ut while listening t music fr six minutes. Anther time they exercised fr six minutes n special Jymmin machines. Using these machines, each grup made music as they mved. At the end, 53 f the 61 peple agreed that they felt less tired when they exercised n the Jymmin machines. When we exercise and make music, especially with ther peple, wrking ut seems t be easier.
Hw des Fritz explain this? Maybe peple did better n the Jymmin machines because they had mre cntrl, he says. Peple created the beat and culd make it g faster r slwer. Als, the activity was scial. Each grup was making music tgether and having fun. Fritz believes that Jymmin exercise may have ther advantages, t. He wants t find ut if it can help with mre serius cnditins. Fr example, it may even be a gd way t treat depressin (抑郁症).
21．What des the underlined wrd “distract” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．develp ne’s interestB．change ne’s mind
C．influence ne’s healthD．turn ne’s attentin
22．Accrding t Paragraph 2, which f the fllwing might be the best sng fr exercise?
A．“Lse Yurself” (86 BPM).B．“Strnger” (116 BPM).
C．“On the Flr” (130 BPM).D．“Lcked ut f Heaven” (144 BPM).
23．Paragraphs 3 and 4 are mainly abut the advantages f ________ while exercising.
A．creating musicB．recrding music
C．listening t musicD．watching music vides
24．What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A．Dance t the beat.B．Chse the right dance music.
C．Exercise t the music.D．Try the new Jymmin machines.
【答案】21．D 22．C 23．A 24．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了音乐能帮助我们锻炼的原因及其运用。
21．词义猜测题。根据“When we listen t a sng we like, ur brain pays attentin t the music, s ur bdy might nt feel tired immediately, and we exercise a little lnger.”可知当我们听自己喜欢的歌时，我们的大脑会关注音乐，所以我们的身体可能不会立即感到疲劳，我们会锻炼更长的时间，由此可知音乐能使我们分心，distract意为“使分心”，与“turn ne’s attentin”同义，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据“Generally, sngs with 120—140 beats per minute (BPM) are the best.”可知一般来说，每分钟120—140拍的歌曲是最好的，选项C符合。故选C。
23．主旨大意题。根据“When we exercise and make music, especially with ther peple, wrking ut seems t be easier.”以及“Peple created the beat and culd make it g faster r slwer”可知这两段主要是关于在锻炼的同时创作音乐的优点。故选A。
24．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了音乐能帮助我们锻炼的原因及其运用，以选项C“随着音乐锻炼”为标题最合适。故选C。
（2024·浙江绍兴·一模）
D yu enjy having fd? D yu lve the mix f tastes? Fd stps us feeling hungry and gives us energy that ur bdy needs. It’s n wnder we spend s much time preparing and eating fd. But what many f us dn’t cnsider is hw ur md (情绪) is affected by what we eat.
Fr me, it’s the unhealthy fds that put a smile n my face — chclate, cakes and ice cream — well, I d have a sweet tth! It seems that bad fd usually makes us happy, at least in the shrt term. Mst f us get this feeling when we use fd as a quick pick-me-up. But experts tell us that eating bad fd lng term, nt nly makes us put n weight but can lead t ther health prblems, and it can als affect ur mental state and bring n depressin.
The link between ur mind and fd has been lked at by scientists. They’ve recently fund that it’s the bacteria (细菌) in ur bdy that affects ur md. It’s thught we have 39 trillin f these simple, small nes in ur bdy. Researchers at McMaster University in Canada and University Cllege Crk in Ireland, have fund that certain “gd” bacteria help reduce anxiety in mice. Experts believe that, fr us humans, this means fd with “gd” bacteria can imprve the way we feel. Many fd prducts are high in this “gd” bacteria and sme f the best types are hmemade fermented (发酵的) fd like mis sup and ygurt. This really makes me think twice abut what I eat — maybe I shuld change my diet t cheer me up!
S maybe it’s time t give up the fatty and sugary things. Eating healthily may seem simple, even if the science behind it is cmplex. Remember, we are what we eat. There are ther factrs that can change ur md but it seems we have sme ability t imprve hw we feel by cntrlling what we put n ur plate. Des yur diet affect yur md?
25．Hw des the writer lead int the tpic?
A．By telling stries.B．By giving examples.
C．By asking questins.D．By listing numbers.
26．Peple with a sweet tth ________.
A．prefer unhealthy fdB．enjy eating sweets
C．have a tthache ftenD．are happy when eating
27．Accrding t Paragraph 3, “gd” bacteria ________.
A．imprve peple’s feelingsB．nly reduce anxiety in mice
C．can be fund in all kinds f supD．are t small t be fund in humans’ bdies
28．The writer is ging t ________ after knwing the relatinship between fd and md.
A．lse fatB．change the dietC．d mre studiesD．cntrl the md
【答案】25．C 26．B 27．A 28．B
【导语】本文讨论了食物如何影响情绪，科学研究发现体内细菌影响情绪，“好”细菌可减轻焦虑，改变饮食可以提升情绪。
25．细节理解题。根据“D yu enjy having fd? D yu lve the mix f tastes?”可知，作者通过提问进入主题。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据“Fr me, it’s the unhealthy fds that put a smile n my face — chclate, cakes and ice cream — well, I d have a sweet tth! ”可知，巧克力、蛋糕和冰淇淋这些都是甜食，由此可推测，此处表示喜欢吃甜食。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“Experts believe that, fr us humans, this means fd with “gd” bacteria can imprve the way we feel.”可知，“好”细菌能够改善人们的感受。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据“S maybe it’s time t give up the fatty and sugary things. ”可知，作者准备放弃含脂肪和糖的东西了，打算改变饮食。故选B。
（2024·浙江杭州·一模）Summer, winter and fall may have their fans, but spring is clearly the mst lvable f the fur seasns. Here are sme scientific reasns why spring is great.
Spring marks the end f a cld winter. In many places, the temperature in this seasn is abut 15 t 21°C． Peple tend t be the mst cmfrtable at temperatures arund 22°C, s the arrival f spring means peple can finally get ff their heavy winter clthes and still be cmfrtable.
Warmer temperatures make peple want t spend mre time utdrs withut freezing their feet, which is great fr mental (心理) health. Acrss the seasns, research has fund that taking walks in nature slws peple’s heart rate and makes them mre relaxed. Spending 30 minutes r mre utside in warm, sunny spring weather will put peple in a cheerful md. Peple can als have better memries thrugh a walk.
Fllwing the spring equinx (春分), days begin lasting lnger and nights get shrter. That means peple have mre light hurs t get things dne. Research has shwn that thse extra hurs f sun can be an imprtant md-bster. The lnger the sun is up during the day, the less blue peple feel.
In additin, many animals mve suth during the winter. Then they mve back nrth as temperatures rise. Fr nrthern areas, there’s n better sign f spring than birdsng utside the windw. Birds can start flying nrth as early as mid-February and it lasts int June. It means that thrughut the spring, peple can expect t see lts f birds. And seeing mre birds can make peple happier. A UK study has fund that the mre birds peple see in their neighbrhds, the better their mental health is.
29．What is the main idea f Paragraph 3?
A．Taking walks in nature helps peple have better memries.
B．Peple likes t take a walk because f the warmer temperature.
C．Warm spring make peple g utdrs, which is gd fr them.
D．Peple spend mre time utdrs, which is great fr mental health.
30．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 5 refer t?
A．Birds flying nrth.B．Mid-February.
C．Spring.D．Birdsng.
31．What scientific result des the text tell us?
A．Taking walks in nature can nly help make peple relaxed.
B．The mre birds peple see, the better their physical health is.
C．Peple will be the mst cmfrtable at temperatures arund 15℃.
D．The lnger the sun is up during the day, the happier peple feel.
32．Which f the fllwing shws the structure (结构) f the passage? (P= Paragraph)
A．B．C．D．
【答案】29．C 30．A 31．D 32．B
【导语】本文从科学角度分析了人们最喜欢春天的原因。
29．主旨大意题。根据“Warmer temperatures make peple want t spend mre time utdrs withut freezing their feet, which is great fr mental (心理) health.”可知，本段主要讲述了温暖的春天使人们想要花更多时间去户外，这对他们很有好处。故选C。
30．词义猜测题。根据“Birds can start flying nrth as early as mid-February and it lasts int June.”可知，鸟儿们早在二月中旬就可以开始北飞，一直持续到六月。因此it指的是鸟儿往北飞。故选A。
31．细节理解题。根据“The lnger the sun is up during the day, the less blue peple feel.”可知，白天太阳升起的时间越长，人们就越少感到沮丧，也即是感到更快乐。故选D。
32．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出主题“人们最喜欢春天的原因”；第二、三、四、五段具体解释了人们更喜欢春天的原因，因此文章是总分结构。故选B。