译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册UNIT4 课件

这是一份译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册UNIT4 课件，共42页。

UNIT 4　Protecting our heritage sitesSection B　Grammar and usage & Integrated skillsPart 1　Language pointsPart 2　Grammar目录索引 Part 1　Reading comprehension基础落实•必备知识全过关必记写作词汇 1.　　　　　　 n.事件;冲突 2.　　　　　　 vt.预测,预报　n.预测,预报 3.　　　　　　 adj.很大的,十分强烈的;有强烈感情的,热切的;激烈的 4.　　　　　　 adj.简陋的,落后的;原始的,远古的 5.　　　　　　 vt.使感到谦卑,使感到自惭  adj.谦虚的,谦卑的incident　forecast　intense　primitive　humble识记阅读词汇 1.dam n.　　　　　　 2.motion n. 　　 　　　 3.canal n. 　　　　　 4.migration n. 　　　　 　 5.legacy n. 　　　　　 6.splendour (AmE splendor) n.　　　　　　　　　　　　 7.basin n. 　　　 　　 水坝　提议,动议;运动;动作　运河　 迁徙,迁移,移居　遗产　壮丽,雄伟　盆地;洗脸盆;盆;流域串记拓展词汇 1.division n.分歧;分开,分隔→　　　　　　 v.划分;除;分开;使产生分歧 2.architect n.建筑师;设计师→　　　　　　 n.建筑学;建筑风格→　　　　　　 adj.建筑学的;建筑上的 3.operator n.操作人员,技工;接线员→　　　　　　 v.运转;动手术;起作用→　　　　　　　　 n.操作;经营;[外科] 手术 4.cooperation n.合作,协作;协助,配合→　　　　　　 v.合作,配合;协力→　　　　　　 adj.合作的;合作社的 5.interrupt vt.打扰,插嘴;使暂停,使中断→　　　　　　 n.中断;干扰;中断之事 divide　architecturearchitectural　operateoperationcooperatecooperative　interruption　6.conservation n.保护;保持→　　　　　　 v.保存→　　 　　　　 n.自然资源保护论者 7.vote vt.& vi.投票,表决　n.选票;投票→　　　　　　 n.投票人;有选举权的人 8.reserve n.自然保护区;储备　vt.预订;预留;保留→　　　　　　 n.预约,预订;保留 conserveconservationist　voter　reservation1.受到威胁　　　　　　　　　　　　  2.拆开;剖析 　　　　　　　　　　　  3.不知道,不了解 　　　　　　　　　　　  4.预先,提前 　　　　　　　　　　　  5.要求,需要 　　　　　　　　　　　  6.总结;概述 　　　　　　　　　　　  under threat　take apart　 be ignorant of　in advance　call for　sum up要点探究•能力素养全提升1.incident n.事件;冲突【佳句背诵】 The incident has received wide coverage in the press.[事件介绍]这个事件已被新闻界广泛报道。2.cooperation n.合作,协作;协助,配合【佳句背诵】We would like to see closer cooperation between parents and schools.[学校生活]我们希望学生家长和学校有更加紧密的合作。1.division n.分歧;分开,分隔 (1)division(of sth)between...(某事)在……之间的差异division (of sth) into...(某事)分成……(2)divide v.分开,分隔,分歧;分配,分担divide...into...把……分成……(be) divided by被/以……除divide sth among/between...在……之间分配某事【佳句背诵】The division between the prosperous west and the impoverished east remains.[社会发展]富裕的西部和贫穷的东部之间的对立依然存在。【即学即练】一词多义/单句写作①There are deep divisions in the party over the war.　　　　　 ②Germany was reunited after its division into two states at the end of World War Ⅱ.　　　　　 ③社会各阶层之间的划分不像过去那样明显了。_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________　　　　　　　　　　　is not so marked as it used to be. 分歧分开The division between thevarious classes of society【易混辨析】 【图形助记】 2.interrupt vt.打扰,插嘴;使暂停,使中断　vi.打扰,插嘴 (1)be interrupted by被……打断/阻断(2)interruption n.中断;打扰;插嘴without interruption 连续地;不断地【佳句背诵】The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander,without making it impossible to focus.[科学研究]适当程度的背景噪声可能会打断我们正常的思维模式,足以让我们的想象力漫游,而不会让我们无法集中注意力。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①Any small 　　　　　　(interrupt)—a price check,a chatty customer—can have downstream effects,holding up an entire line. ②She has kept up physical training for several years 　　 　　interruption. ③The calm of the afternoon 　　　　　　　　　　　　(interrupt) by a loud noise. ④很抱歉打断你,但我确实有重要的事情要告知你。___________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________, 　　　　　　 I really have something important to inform you. interruption　without　was interruptedI’m sorry to interrupt youbut【易混辨析】 【图形助记】 　interrupt　　　　　　 　disturb 3.vote vt.& vi.投票,表决　n.选票;投票 (1)take/have a vote (on sth) (对某事)进行表决put...to the vote把……付诸表决(2)vote for投票赞成vote against投票反对vote to do sth 投票做某事vote on投票表决vote through投票通过vote...down投票击败,投票否决(3)voter n.选举人,投票人【佳句背诵】We’ll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it.[观点看法]我们将先听取两方的论点,然后再投票表决。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①Unless anyone has anything to add,we’ll take 　　　　　　vote. ②I’ll vote 　　　　　those people whose opinions about education are right. ③The conference is now debating the motion and will vote 　　　　　　it shortly. ④The people of the States will vote 　　　　　　(elect) a new president. ⑤大多数员工投票接受加薪8%的提议。A majority of staff ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ____________of an 8% pay rise. afor　on　to electvoted to accept theoffer4.reserve n.自然保护区;储备　vt.预订;预留;保留 (1)in reserve预备,储备without reserve毫无保留地;直言不讳keep a reserve of...for...保留……以备……之用nature reserve自然保护区(2)reserve sth for...为……保留/预订某物reserve a room/table/seat预订一个房间/桌位/座位(3)reservation n.预约;预订make/book a reservation for...预订(房间、票等);预约(4)reserved adj.保留的;预订的;冷淡的【佳句背诵】When the tiny creature arrived on January 31,she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve.[动物保护]当这只小动物于1月31日出生时,她成了该保护区出生的第40头黑犀牛。【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作①The tractor was resting against the crash barrier in the central __________　　　　　　　　(reserve),having miraculously crossed the busy road with fast-flowing traffic. ②The seats in the front parts of the hall are reserved 　　　　　　the outstanding figures to be awarded. ③The government is planning to set up more nature 　　　　　　(reserve). ④It isn’t wise to spend all your salary every month.Keep some money ______　　　　　　reserve,just in case. ⑤为了参加这个盛大的仪式,你最好周五前在网上预订。To attend the grand ceremony,you’d better ____________ ____________ ____________ ______________before Friday. reservation　for　reserves　in　make/book areservation online1.so that引导状语从句Every country can be proud of its cultural or natural heritage sites,which must be protected,so that we can enjoy them today and allow future generations to know where they come from.(教材原句)每个国家都可为其文化或自然遗产感到自豪,这些遗产必须得到保护,以便我们今天能欣赏它们,并让后代知道它们来自哪里。(1)引导目的状语从句so that意为“以便,为了”,引导目的状语从句,从句中常含有情态动词 may,can,could等,并可与 in order that 互换,so that一般不用于句首,而in order that可用于句首;当so that/in order that引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可将从句简化为动词不定式或in order to/so as to结构。注意:so as to不能放在句首,而in order to可以放在句首。(2)引导结果状语从句so that还可意为“因此,结果”,引导结果状语从句,that还可省略,此时不能与in order that换用;从句中的谓语动词根据需要使用相应的时态,主从句间可用逗号相隔。【佳句背诵】For postcrossing to work worldwide,a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other.[文化交流]为了在世界范围内进行跨界工作,需要一种共同的沟通语言,以便每个人都能相互理解。【即学即练】单句写作/一句多译①他斜移了椅子,以便坐着观察她。He angled his chair ___________ ___________ ___________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ___________. so that he couldsit and watch her②你不必为了展示你的幽默感而成为小组里讲笑话的人。→You don’t have to be the joke teller in the group　　　　　　　　　show your sense of humor. →　　　　　　　　 show your sense of humor,you don’t have to be the joke teller in the group. →You don’t have to be the joke teller in the group 　　　　　　　your sense of humor. →You don’t have to be the joke teller in the group 　　　　　　　　　you can show your sense of humor. in order to/so as toIn order toto showso that/in order that2.so...that...引导结果状语从句As a national park and nature reserve,Jiuzhaigou Valley,just north of the Sichuan Basin,is home to mighty snow-capped mountains,thick forests alive with wildlife,impressive waterfalls and lakes so blue that they take our breath away.(教材原句)作为一个国家公园和自然保护区,九寨沟就在四川盆地的北面,这里有雄伟的雪山、野生动物生存的茂密森林、令人印象深刻的瀑布和蓝色的湖泊,它们让我们惊叹不已。(1)so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句,可以构成如下结构:①so+adj./adv.+ that...②so+adj.+ a(n) + 可数名词单数 + that...③so+many/much/few/little + n.+ that...(2)such...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句,可以构成如下结构:①such +a(n) +adj.+可数名词单数+that...②such +adj.+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that...(3)在so/such...that...引导的结果状语从句中,so/such及其修饰部分位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。【佳句背诵】Tom was so sad that tears rolled down his cheeks.[人物描写]汤姆是如此地伤心以至于眼泪顺着他的脸颊滚了下来。【即学即练】单句语法填空/句型转换①He has done 　　　　　much in so short a time that almost everyone thinks that it is a miracle. ②The generation growing up with TV spend so much of their time in front of TV 　　　　　they hardly have enough time to study. ③The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.→It is ____________________________you don’t need much of it to make you happy.(such...that...) ④Everyone was so easy and like-minded that it was very good to feel at home.→____________________________________ that it was very good to feel at home.(倒装句) so　that　such delicious food thatSo easy and like-minded was everyonePart 2　Grammar语法冲关•语言规则全理清同位语从句Many people have the doubt whether there is any connection between our senses and our health.Scientists observe the fact that making the most of our senses when we are young can keep us healthy later on in life. Why do we feel anxious or tired?One study shows the truth that approximately 90% of our time is spent watching television or using computers.It is added that while our sense of sight is used too much,our senses of touch and smell have been ignored.People often ask the question whether or not we should develop all senses. There is no doubt that the answer is yes.【语法感悟】以上画线词引导的都是同位语从句。同位语从句指的是在复合句中充当　　　　　　的从句,属于名词性从句的范畴,同位语从句用来对其前面的　　　　　　进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系(即被解释说明的词=同位语)。同位语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词后面,但有时同位语从句被别的词隔开,在语法上叫作分隔式同位语从句。 同位语抽象名词一、同位语从句的先行词1.同位语从句常放在fact,news,idea,view,truth,hope,problem,information,wish,promise,answer,evidence,report,explanation,conclusion等抽象名词后面,说明该名词的具体内容。We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到消息说我们队赢了。I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么时候回来。2.同位语从句放在advice,demand,desire,instruction,order,proposal, recommendation,request,requirement,suggestion,wish 等表示“命令、建议、要求”等名词后面时,从句的谓语动词需用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,其中should可省略。John Snow puts forward a suggestion that people should not be exposed to polluted water.约翰·斯诺提出了一个建议,人们不应该接触被污染的水。Here came the order that we should finish all the work this week.命令来了,要我们在本周完成所有的工作。二、同位语从句的引导词1.连接词that不能省略,无意义,不作任何成分。Few of us hold the belief that artificial intelligence will take the place of humans.我们中很少有人相信人工智能将取代人类。2.从属连词whether不能省略,不作成分,意为“是否”。We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.我们没有调查他是否值得信任的问题。3.连接代词who/what/which/whose在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。These teachers have no idea what it is like to earn one’s living in industry or commerce.这些老师不知道在工业或商业领域中谋生是什么样的。There were varieties of brands on the car show,but I had no idea which was most suitable for me.车展上有各种各样的品牌,但我不知道哪一种最适合我。4.连接副词how/when/why/where在从句中作状语。We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light.我们解决不了如何才能超过光速的问题。As a six-year-old boy,he has no idea why people say to him money makes the mare go.作为一个六岁的男孩,他不知道为什么人们会对他说:有钱能使鬼推磨。三、同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.定语从句中的that是代词,可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语;同位语从句中的that是连接词,无成分无意义。This is why there is a saying that if you want something done,ask a busy person to do it.这就是为什么有句谚语说,如果你想做某件事,就让一个忙碌的人去做。(同位语从句)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.母亲做出了一个使她所有的孩子都高兴的承诺。(定语从句)2.定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征,与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系;同位语从句是对名词即先行词加以补充说明,是名词全部内容的体现。The suggestion that he made at the meeting was very right.(定语从句)他在会上提出的建议是非常正确的。The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.(同位语从句)经理提出了一个建议,说我们应该有一个助手。【温馨提示】在名词和从句之间加be,使之构成一个新句子,如果合乎逻辑,句子通顺,则是同位语从句;定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。【即学即练】单句语法填空1.Can you find the answer to the question 　　　　　　was wrong with the computer? 2.There is some doubt 　　　　　　she has the ability to do the job. 3.There can be no doubt 　　　　　　my brother is qualified for the job. 4.There is no possibility 　　　　　　we will finish the work in such a short time. 5.The question 　　　　　　the gas is harmful to people’s health is not clear. what　whether　that　that　whether　6.I have no idea 　　　　　　the cell phone isn’t working,so could you fix it for me? 7.The problem 　　　　　　should replace our monitor is not decided. 8.Evidence has been piled up 　　　　　　drinking water after getting up in the morning contributes to one’s health. 9.I made a promise to myself 　　　　　　this year,my first year in high school,would be different. 10.Despite the fact 　　　　　　they lacked food,the explorers continued towards the goal. whywho　that　that　that