译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册UNIT4预习新知早知道1课件+学案

Ⅰ.匹配词义

A．单词匹配

(　　)1.assess　　 A．军事冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾

(　　)2.urgent B．内部的；国内的

(　　)3.preserve   C．倒塌，坍塌；昏倒

(　　)4.ruin D．发生的事情；严重事件

(　　)5.conflict   E．文明；文明社会

(　　)6.collapse   F．破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭

(　　)7.architect   G．维护，保护，保存；维持

(　　)8.incident   H．建筑师，建筑设计师

(　　)9.internal   I．to make a judgement about the nature

  or quality of sb./sth.

(　　)10.civilization   J．that needs to be dealt with or happen

 immediately

[答案]　1－5　IJGFA　6－10　CHDBE

B．短语匹配

(　　)1.wear down　 A．(使)磨损；(使)磨平，变小

(　　)2.be faced with B．急需……

(　　)3.be fascinated by C．为了……的利益

(　　)4.in urgent need of D．面对……

(　　)5.at risk   E．相信

(　　)6.lead to   F．被……迷住

(　　)7.break out   G．以……为例

(　　)8.have the belief   H．导致

(　　)9.for the benefit of  I．处于危险中

(　　)10.take...as an example  J．爆发

[答案]　1－5　ADFBI　6－10　HJECG

Ⅱ.默写单词

1．awe vt.　　　 使惊叹，使敬畏n.敬畏，惊叹

2．incredible adj.   极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的

3．sculpture n.   雕像，雕塑品；雕刻术

4．civil adj.   国民的；国家的；民事的

5．outcome n.   结果，效果

6．ecology n.   生态，生态学

7．consultation n.   咨询，商讨；就诊

8．suspend vt.   暂停；悬，挂

9．operator n.   操作人员，技工；接线员

10．cooperation n.   合作，协作；协助，配合

Ⅰ.语境填空

ruin；incident；architect；preserve；suspend；outcome；sculpture；incredible；collapse；conflict

1．The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.

2．That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.

3．He studied sculpture because he enjoyed working with clay.

4．Her diary was a record of her inner conflict．

5．We are waiting to hear the final outcome of the negotiations.

6．The bridge is liable to collapse at any moment.

7．It seemed incredible that she had been there a week already.

8．There was a shooting incident near here last night.

9．Her body was found suspended by a rope.

10．He was one of the principal architects of the revolution.

Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词

1．The government must deal with this as a matter of urgency(urgent)．

2．Environmental damage threatens the whole of civilization(civil)．

3．Incredible(credible)means impossible or very difficult to believe.

4．We waited for three months before going back to see the specialist(special)．

5．The decision was taken after close consultation(consult) with local residents.

1．Unfortunately，they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection.

不幸的是，它们面临各种危险，其中许多急需保护。

2．In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out，fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose.

在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战斗人员甚至故意破坏遗址。

3．The city has been recognized as the musical capital of Europe since the 16th century，home to the likes of Mozart and Beethoven.

这座城市被公认为欧洲的音乐之都，居住着莫扎特和贝多芬等音乐人。

4．Due to high seawater temperatures caused by global warming，a large amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef are seriously affected，which harms its fragile natural ecology.

由于全球变暖导致海水温度升高，大量珊瑚被杀死，部分珊瑚礁受到严重影响，损害了其脆弱的自然生态。

5．The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites，the more likely we are to treat them with respect.

我们越是承认遗产地的突出普遍价值，就越有可能尊重它们。

词语助读

①awe vt.使惊叹，使敬畏n.敬畏，惊叹

②wonder n．奇迹；奇观

③fascinate vt.迷住；深深吸引

④civilization n．文明；文明社会

⑤UNESCO联合国教科文组织

⑥preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持

⑦belief n．相信；信任

⑧heritage site遗产；遗址

⑨currently adv.当前；目前

⑩urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的

⑪specific adj.具体的；明确的；特定的

⑫at risk处境危险

⑬wear down (使)磨损，(使)磨平，变小

⑭pyramid n．金字塔

⑮originally adv.本来地；起初地

⑯disaster n．灾难；灾祸

⑰lead to 导致

⑱destruction n．破坏；毁灭

⑲cause a great deal of damage to 造成大量的破坏

⑳amazing adj.令人惊异的；令人吃惊的

clay n．黏土，陶土

sculpture n．雕像，雕塑品；雕刻术

accidentally adv.偶然地；意外地

missile n．导弹

break out 发生；爆发

on purpose 故意地；有意地

meanwhile adv.同时；期间

status n．地位；情形

give rise to造成；引起；导致

a series of 一系列的

a bit of 一点

wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗

Angkor n．吴哥(柬埔寨旅游圣地)

typical adj.典型的；一贯的

architecture n．建筑；建筑学

irreparable adj.不可修复的；不可弥补的

internal adj.内部的；国内的

growth n．成长；增长

consumption n．消费；消耗

in danger 处于危险中

recognize vt.承认；辨别出

Mozart莫扎特

Beethoven贝多芬

construction n．建造；建筑

disastrous adj.灾难性的

outcome n．结果；后果

the Great Barrier Reef大堡礁

reef n．礁，礁脉

affect vt.影响

fragile adj.脆弱的；易碎的

ecology n．生态；生态学

diversity n．多样性；多样化

boost vt.增加；促进；提高

coastline n．海岸线

agenda n．日程表，议事日程

for the benefit of为了……的利益

acknowledge vt.承认；答谢

outstanding adj.杰出的；优秀的

joint adj.联合的；共同的

generation n．辈；代

irreplaceable adj.不可替代的；不能调换的

take action采取行动

课文呈现

Heritage in danger

Welcome，everybody.It's wonderful to be here.Before we begin，I want to ask you：have you ever been awed① by natural wonders②？Have you ever been fascinated③ by human civilization④？If so[1]，you might already understand why UNESCO⑤ is fighting to preserve⑥ sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.I have the belief⑦ that some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites⑧ or maybe even visited one[2]! There are currently⑨ around 1，100 sites in more than 160 countries worldwide.Unfortunately，they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent⑩ need of protection.Let's look at some specific⑪ issues.

[1]If so如果那样的话。

[2]that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief。

Heritage sites are at risk⑫ from natural forces.The long­term natural forces，such as wind，water and temperature，can gradually wear down⑬ heritage sites.For instance，the Great Pyramid⑭ of Giza is now several metres shorter than it was originally⑮.Natural disasters⑯，the sudden and powerful natural forces，can lead to⑰ the destruction⑱ of heritage sites：in 2003，a terrible earthquake shook south­eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of Bam，an incredible UNESCO cultural heritage site.

Another big danger is human activities.Wars can cause a great deal of damage to⑲ both natural and cultural heritage sites.Sometimes，amazing⑳ ancient clay㉑ sculptures㉒ and buildings are accidentally㉓ destroyed by missile㉔ attacks during periods of violence.In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out㉕[3], fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose㉖.

[3]where引导定语从句，修饰先行词areas。

Meanwhile㉗，World Heritage status㉘ may give rise to㉙ a series of㉚ problems.One of the problems is the flood of tourists.Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year，so it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of㉛ wear and tear㉜.The temples of Angkor㉝ in Cambodia are typical㉞ examples of unique architecture㉟.Every day，thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps[4] are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long­term consequences could led to irreparable㊱ destruction to the internal㊲ structure.

[4]现在分词短语作定语，修饰tourists。

Due to human population growth㊳，the demand for production and consumption㊴ of goods increases.Widespread development puts our cultural  and natural heritage sites in danger㊵.Many heritage sites are even at risk of being lost forever.Take the Historic Centre of Vienna in Austria as an example.The city has been recognized㊶ as the musical capital of Europe since the 16th century，home to the likes of Mozart㊷ and Beethoven㊸. It is now on the List of World Heritage in Danger due to high­rise construction㊹ projects in Central Vienna.

Such dangers can have disastrous㊺ outcomes㊻ not only for the sites themselves，but also for people.For instance，the Great Barrier Reef㊼ off the north­east coast of Australia is a natural heritage site in danger.Due to high seawater temperatures caused by global warming，a large amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef㊽ are seriously affected㊾，which harms its fragile㊿ natural ecology[6]．As well as being home to a wide diversity of ocean species，the reef can boost tourism and fishing in the local area，providing many job opportunities.It also helps protect the coastline against waves and floods.If the reef disappears，many people's lives and possibly even their homes will suffer greatly.

[5]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。

Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind.The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites，the more likely we are to treat them with respect.These sites are the great wonders of our world and tell the story of human civilization.We all share a joint responsibility to protect and preserve them，not just for ourselves，but for future generations.If your heart breaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage being lost forever，please take action.If you're interested，please look at our website and participate in any way you can! Thank you.

译文参考

濒危遗产

欢迎各位。很高兴来到这里。在我们开始之前，我想问你：你曾经惊叹自然奇观吗？你对人类文明着迷了吗？如果是这样，你们也许已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正在竭力保护对人类具有文化和自然重要性的遗址。我相信你们中的一些人听说过联合国教科文组织的遗产地，甚至可能参观过一个！目前在全球160多个国家有大约1 100个遗产地。不幸的是，它们面临各种危险，其中许多急需保护。让我们看看一些具体的问题。

遗产地面临着自然的威胁。诸如风、水和气温等长期存在的自然力逐渐侵蚀遗产地。例如，吉萨大金字塔现在比原来矮了几米。自然灾害这种突然而强大的自然力量会破坏遗产地：2003年，一场可怕的地震袭击了伊朗东南部，摧毁了巴姆古城的大部分地区。该古城是一处令人叹为观止的联合国教科文组织文化遗产地。

另一大危险是人类活动。战争会对自然和文化遗产造成巨大的破坏。有时，令人惊叹的古代泥塑和建筑在暴力时期被导弹袭击意外摧毁。在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战斗人员甚至故意破坏遗址。

同时，世界遗产的地位也可能引发一系列的问题。其中一个问题是游客泛滥。每年有大量游客涌入联合国教科文组织世界遗产地旅游，所以这些遗产地遭受些损坏也是很自然的。柬埔寨吴哥窟的寺庙是独特建筑的典型代表。每天，成千上万的游客爬上狭窄的石阶，把这些古老的建筑都磨坏了，长此以往可能会对内部结构造成无法弥补的破坏。

由于人口的增长，对生产和消费商品的需求增加。广泛的开发使我们的文化和自然遗产地处于危险之中。许多遗址甚至有可能永远消失。以奥地利的维也纳历史中心为例。自16世纪以来，这座城市被公认为欧洲的音乐之都，居住着莫扎特和贝多芬等音乐人。由于维也纳市中心的高层建筑工程，它现在被列入濒危世界遗产名录。

这样的危险不仅会给遗产本身带来灾难性的后果，也会给人们带来灾难性的后果。例如，澳大利亚东北海岸的大堡礁是一处处于危险之中的自然遗产。由于全球变暖导致海水温度升高，大量珊瑚被杀死，部分珊瑚礁受到严重影响，损害了其脆弱的自然生态。珊瑚礁不仅是海洋物种多样性的家园，还可以促进当地旅游和渔业经济，提供许多就业机会。它也有助于保护海岸线免受海浪和洪水的侵袭。如果珊瑚礁消失，许多人的生活，甚至可能他们的家园都将遭受巨大的损失。

为了全人类的利益，遗产保护是当务之急。我们越是承认遗产地的突出普遍价值，就越有可能尊重它们。这些遗址是我们世界的伟大奇迹，讲述着人类文明的故事。我们都有共同的责任来保护环境，不仅是为了我们自己，而且是为了子孙后代。如果你们像我一样，一想到那些无可取代的遗产将会永远消失就觉得心碎，那么就请采取行动吧。如果您感兴趣，请查看我们的网站，并以任何方式参与！非常感谢。