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牛津英语(苏教版)8A U4知识点整理
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8A Unit4 Do it yourself 单元知识点汇总Comic strip-- Reading知识点梳理【知识梳理】1. Here are clear instructions. (P42)Instructionn.指令;指示;用法说明例:It’s important to read the instructions before you start taking the medicine.在服药之前先阅读说明书是很重要的。2. It says,"Do it yourself”. 说明上写着"自己动手做”。(P42)本句中的“it says”意思是“那上面说或'写着”,这是一种特殊的语言表达方式。例:It may be necessary to put up a notice saying “Keep off".张贴一张“请勿靠近”的布告是必要的。【拓展】say和告示、通告搭配使用也表示文字材料“说或写着”,另外,read除了用人作主语,表示“阅读”之外,还可以用有文字的东西做主语,表示“被阅读”读起来“写着”“内容是”。例:Look,On the top of the car is a sign that reads:student driver.看,车顶上有个标志上面写有:学员司机。3. Brush (P45)n. 刷子;画笔 vt.刷例:Have you brushed your teeth, Tom?汤姆,你刷过牙了吗?【拓展】brush up复习;提高; brush past 擦过;brush away 刷去4. It stands for “do it yourself.” (P43)stand for代表;支持;象征例:They know what they stand for. 他们知道他们代表什么。【拓展】stand up站起来;坚持;竖立;站得住脚;拥护stand on 坚持;依靠;位于;stand out突出:站出来;坚持到底stand by支持;袖手旁观;准备;站在旁边;can't stand无法忍受5. When you do DIY, you make, repair or decorate things... (P43)1)Repair vi. 修理;修复 vt.修理;恢复”n.修理.修补例:I've no idea how to repair cars by myself. 我不知道怎样独自修理汽车。【辨析】repair, fix, mend三个词都含有“修理、修补”的意思,有时可以通用,但也有些区别。1)repair对象范围很广,从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品,是使受到一定损坏或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。2)mend意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补),一般指较小之物。3)fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构.把松散的部件固定结 实,将分离的物体各部分装配起来。用于美国口语中,与repair无多大区别。2)decoratevt.&vi.装饰;布置【拓展】decorate with以…来装饰decorate the house 装饰房间; decoration n.装饰,装演;装饰品6. My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. (P44)crazy疯狂的;狂热的,着迷的【拓展】be crazy about热衷于,着迷于’a little crazy有点儿疯狂;go crazy发疯;疯狂be crazy for渴望…;对… 疯狂;drive sb. crazy让某人疯狂7. ..., but he hit a pipe and filled ...(P44)Fillvt. 装满,使充满;满足 vi.被充满例:Please fill the cup with water. 请把这个杯子装满水。【拓展】fill in填写;填充 fill out填写;变丰满,变大;fill up填补;装满;堵塞 fill with装满,充满fill in the blanks 填空;fill in the form 填写表格【点睛】be filled with“被……充满”和be full of为同义短语。8. I also advised him to take a course in DIY. (P44)1) advise动词,意为“建议,忠告,劝告”,常用结构有: advise doing sth建议做某事,不能说advise to do sth.。如:He advised leaving early.他建议早点动身。advise sb. to do sth建议某人做某事。如:He advised me to buy a computer.他建议我买台电脑。2) take a course修一门课例:He will take a course at school next year.他明年将去学校修一门课程。9. I am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday. (P44)attendvt. 出席;上(大学等)vi.出席;致力于例:Thousands of people attended his funeral. 数千人参加了他的葬礼。【拓展】attend a meeting参加会议;attend school 上学;attend class 上课attend a lecture听讲座;上课attend university 上大学【辨析】attend,take part in, join, join in都有“参加;参与;加入”的意思。但还是有区别。加人某党派、某组织或某社会闭体,用join。参加某种活动用join in,如说“与某人一起做某事”,则用 join sb. in sth. / doing sth.。join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。take part in参加(群众性活动、会议等),往往指参加者持积 极态度,起一定作用。attend是正式用语,指参加会议,娇礼,葬礼,典礼;去上课,上学,听报告等。句子的主语只是去听,去看,自己不一定起积 极作用。10. But he kept on painting. (P44)但是他继续粉刷。常用短语:keep on继续;keep on with sth继续某事,坚持;keep on doing sth继续做某事。11. Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.(P44)现在客厅不仅有蓝色的墙壁,还有蓝色的天花板和地板。not only…but also…意为“不但……而且……”,是并列连词,在句子中可连接相同的成分。连接主语时,谓语动词应和最近的主语保持一致。类似用法的短语有:either... or...或者……或者……;neither…nor…既不……也不……(两者都不)。Grammar同步梳理【知识梳理】1. 祈使句当我们向他人发出命令,提出请求或建议时, 常使用祈使句。如:Be quiet, please!Don’t be late again!祈使句的主语通常不明确表示出来。(1)祈使句的肯定形式以动词原形开头;否定形式是动词原形前加 do not/don’t(2)为了显示客气和礼貌,我们常在祈使句中加please。当please在句末时,必须用逗号隔开。2. 用should和had better提建议had better 和 should 都是情态动词,后接动词原形,而且均没有人称和数的变化。had better的语气比should强一些。had better中的had可缩写为 ‘d否定形式: had better not should not/ shouldn’tYou’d better not play computer games now.He shouldn’t be late for school again. Task同步梳理【知识梳理】1.cut out切断;删去;停止;关掉 (P47)例:I cut it out and pinned it on the wall.我把它剪了下来, 钉在墙上。【拓展】cut off切断冲断;使死亡;cut down削减;砍倒;杀死;删节cut in插嘴;超车;插入;cut into打断;侵犯;cut down on削减,减少cut up切碎;抨击;2. Mix them together. (P49)mix vt.混合例:In a bowl, mix together flour, sugar, and salt.在一个碗里面,把面粉、糖和盐混合。【拓展】mix with 和…混合mix up混堵;梓和;调和3. Finished (P50)adj. 完结的,完成的;精巧的例:He would like to be judged after the drama is finished.他希望大家能在剧集完结之后再来评判他的表演。4. Keep trying , and you will find you can remember things better. (P47)继续努力,你会发现你可以更好地记住事物。本句中有“Keep trying and you will..”这个句式结构,用并列连同and连接祈使句和will句式,表示“做某事后你就会怎样”。例:Leave it with him and he will see what I can do.把它留给我吧,我想想有没有办法。【拓展】祈使句后接陈述句时.须用连接词连接。如果祈使 句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时,要用并列连词and来连 接:如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时,要用并列连词or来连接。5. comfortable adj.舒适的,舒服的例:We have a comfortable new house. 我们有了一个舒适的新房子。【拓展】comfort n.安慰;舒适 vt.安慰comfortably adv.舒服地,安乐地uncomfortable adj.不舒适的6. patient有耐性的,能容忍的 n.病人;患者例:She was patient with her patients. 她对病人很有耐心。【拓展】be patient with 对…有耐心impatient adj.无耐心的7. I am certain that I can fix it myself .我确信我自己能够修理 我的自行车。(P51)本句中的be certain that…意思是“对做某事确信或 有把握”。例:You may be certain that he is honest. 你可以确信他是诚实的。【拓展】be certain to do肯定有把握做…be certain( uncertain)of/about 对…有把握(无把握)be certain+从句 确信…make certain (of)把…弄清楚例:It was certain that our football team would win the game.我们足球队肯定会贏
8A Unit4 Do it yourself 单元知识点汇总Comic strip-- Reading知识点梳理【知识梳理】1. Here are clear instructions. (P42)Instructionn.指令;指示;用法说明例:It’s important to read the instructions before you start taking the medicine.在服药之前先阅读说明书是很重要的。2. It says,"Do it yourself”. 说明上写着"自己动手做”。(P42)本句中的“it says”意思是“那上面说或'写着”,这是一种特殊的语言表达方式。例:It may be necessary to put up a notice saying “Keep off".张贴一张“请勿靠近”的布告是必要的。【拓展】say和告示、通告搭配使用也表示文字材料“说或写着”,另外,read除了用人作主语,表示“阅读”之外,还可以用有文字的东西做主语,表示“被阅读”读起来“写着”“内容是”。例:Look,On the top of the car is a sign that reads:student driver.看,车顶上有个标志上面写有:学员司机。3. Brush (P45)n. 刷子;画笔 vt.刷例:Have you brushed your teeth, Tom?汤姆,你刷过牙了吗?【拓展】brush up复习;提高; brush past 擦过;brush away 刷去4. It stands for “do it yourself.” (P43)stand for代表;支持;象征例:They know what they stand for. 他们知道他们代表什么。【拓展】stand up站起来;坚持;竖立;站得住脚;拥护stand on 坚持;依靠;位于;stand out突出:站出来;坚持到底stand by支持;袖手旁观;准备;站在旁边;can't stand无法忍受5. When you do DIY, you make, repair or decorate things... (P43)1)Repair vi. 修理;修复 vt.修理;恢复”n.修理.修补例:I've no idea how to repair cars by myself. 我不知道怎样独自修理汽车。【辨析】repair, fix, mend三个词都含有“修理、修补”的意思,有时可以通用,但也有些区别。1)repair对象范围很广,从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品,是使受到一定损坏或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。2)mend意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补),一般指较小之物。3)fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构.把松散的部件固定结 实,将分离的物体各部分装配起来。用于美国口语中,与repair无多大区别。2)decoratevt.&vi.装饰;布置【拓展】decorate with以…来装饰decorate the house 装饰房间; decoration n.装饰,装演;装饰品6. My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. (P44)crazy疯狂的;狂热的,着迷的【拓展】be crazy about热衷于,着迷于’a little crazy有点儿疯狂;go crazy发疯;疯狂be crazy for渴望…;对… 疯狂;drive sb. crazy让某人疯狂7. ..., but he hit a pipe and filled ...(P44)Fillvt. 装满,使充满;满足 vi.被充满例:Please fill the cup with water. 请把这个杯子装满水。【拓展】fill in填写;填充 fill out填写;变丰满,变大;fill up填补;装满;堵塞 fill with装满,充满fill in the blanks 填空;fill in the form 填写表格【点睛】be filled with“被……充满”和be full of为同义短语。8. I also advised him to take a course in DIY. (P44)1) advise动词,意为“建议,忠告,劝告”,常用结构有: advise doing sth建议做某事,不能说advise to do sth.。如:He advised leaving early.他建议早点动身。advise sb. to do sth建议某人做某事。如:He advised me to buy a computer.他建议我买台电脑。2) take a course修一门课例:He will take a course at school next year.他明年将去学校修一门课程。9. I am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday. (P44)attendvt. 出席;上(大学等)vi.出席;致力于例:Thousands of people attended his funeral. 数千人参加了他的葬礼。【拓展】attend a meeting参加会议;attend school 上学;attend class 上课attend a lecture听讲座;上课attend university 上大学【辨析】attend,take part in, join, join in都有“参加;参与;加入”的意思。但还是有区别。加人某党派、某组织或某社会闭体,用join。参加某种活动用join in,如说“与某人一起做某事”,则用 join sb. in sth. / doing sth.。join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。take part in参加(群众性活动、会议等),往往指参加者持积 极态度,起一定作用。attend是正式用语,指参加会议,娇礼,葬礼,典礼;去上课,上学,听报告等。句子的主语只是去听,去看,自己不一定起积 极作用。10. But he kept on painting. (P44)但是他继续粉刷。常用短语:keep on继续;keep on with sth继续某事,坚持;keep on doing sth继续做某事。11. Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.(P44)现在客厅不仅有蓝色的墙壁,还有蓝色的天花板和地板。not only…but also…意为“不但……而且……”,是并列连词,在句子中可连接相同的成分。连接主语时,谓语动词应和最近的主语保持一致。类似用法的短语有:either... or...或者……或者……;neither…nor…既不……也不……(两者都不)。Grammar同步梳理【知识梳理】1. 祈使句当我们向他人发出命令,提出请求或建议时, 常使用祈使句。如:Be quiet, please!Don’t be late again!祈使句的主语通常不明确表示出来。(1)祈使句的肯定形式以动词原形开头;否定形式是动词原形前加 do not/don’t(2)为了显示客气和礼貌,我们常在祈使句中加please。当please在句末时,必须用逗号隔开。2. 用should和had better提建议had better 和 should 都是情态动词,后接动词原形,而且均没有人称和数的变化。had better的语气比should强一些。had better中的had可缩写为 ‘d否定形式: had better not should not/ shouldn’tYou’d better not play computer games now.He shouldn’t be late for school again. Task同步梳理【知识梳理】1.cut out切断;删去;停止;关掉 (P47)例:I cut it out and pinned it on the wall.我把它剪了下来, 钉在墙上。【拓展】cut off切断冲断;使死亡;cut down削减;砍倒;杀死;删节cut in插嘴;超车;插入;cut into打断;侵犯;cut down on削减,减少cut up切碎;抨击;2. Mix them together. (P49)mix vt.混合例:In a bowl, mix together flour, sugar, and salt.在一个碗里面,把面粉、糖和盐混合。【拓展】mix with 和…混合mix up混堵;梓和;调和3. Finished (P50)adj. 完结的,完成的;精巧的例:He would like to be judged after the drama is finished.他希望大家能在剧集完结之后再来评判他的表演。4. Keep trying , and you will find you can remember things better. (P47)继续努力,你会发现你可以更好地记住事物。本句中有“Keep trying and you will..”这个句式结构,用并列连同and连接祈使句和will句式,表示“做某事后你就会怎样”。例:Leave it with him and he will see what I can do.把它留给我吧,我想想有没有办法。【拓展】祈使句后接陈述句时.须用连接词连接。如果祈使 句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时,要用并列连词and来连 接:如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时,要用并列连词or来连接。5. comfortable adj.舒适的,舒服的例:We have a comfortable new house. 我们有了一个舒适的新房子。【拓展】comfort n.安慰;舒适 vt.安慰comfortably adv.舒服地,安乐地uncomfortable adj.不舒适的6. patient有耐性的,能容忍的 n.病人;患者例:She was patient with her patients. 她对病人很有耐心。【拓展】be patient with 对…有耐心impatient adj.无耐心的7. I am certain that I can fix it myself .我确信我自己能够修理 我的自行车。(P51)本句中的be certain that…意思是“对做某事确信或 有把握”。例:You may be certain that he is honest. 你可以确信他是诚实的。【拓展】be certain to do肯定有把握做…be certain( uncertain)of/about 对…有把握(无把握)be certain+从句 确信…make certain (of)把…弄清楚例:It was certain that our football team would win the game.我们足球队肯定会贏
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