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专题10.第十章动词语态（初高区别及衔接）--2024年暑假英语初升高衔接之专题突破（牛津译林版）
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这是一份专题10.第十章动词语态（初高区别及衔接）--2024年暑假英语初升高衔接之专题突破（牛津译林版），文件包含专题10第十章动词语态初高区别及衔接教师版--英语初升高衔接大串讲牛津译林版docx、专题10第十章动词语态初高区别及衔接学生版--英语初升高衔接大串讲牛津译林版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共14页， 欢迎下载使用。
初中知识回顾
回顾一：各类时态的被动语态
8种常见时态的被动语态表达形式：①一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词；②一般过去时：was/were+过去分词；③现在进行时：am/is/are being+过去分词；④过去进行时：was/were being+过去分词；⑤一般将来时：will be+过去分词；⑥过去将来时：wuld be+过去分词；⑦现在完成时：has/have been+过去分词；⑧过去完成时：had been+过去分词。
1.In Ningb, everyne knws that things in blue rubbish bins can be (回收利用).
2.He (invite) t have a business meeting. I knew that my father wuld surely cme t my shw if he culd.
3.I’ve fund a friendly guide here and yesterday I (shw) arund the city.
4.Fr example, it mentined that the zipper was (invent)by Whitcmb Judsn in 1893.
5.Tea is (prduce)in many different areas in China.
回顾二：情态动词的被动语态
情态动词的被动语态形式为：情态动词+be/have been+及物动词的过去分词。
6.First f all, I think mre bike lanes shuld (build).
随堂练习
1.The mvie The Wandering Earth was p by mst peple when it first came ut.
2.I (选择)as a team leader t make sure every student spke English nly.
3.Huawei’s newest phne, the Mate X, can be (折叠).
4.The prblems we face were m in his speech, but he didn’t cme up with ways t slve them.
5.All the tickets were s ut, s Tm went away disappintedly.
6.Nbdy will be p in the accident because all happened by accident.
7.In the traffic accident, ne man was k and anther was badly injured.
8.I think this wrking plan shuld (discuss)fr a secnd time at the meeting.
9.When smene, especially a child, is (教育),he r she is taught at schl r cllege.
10.Users f this app will be (鼓励)t take different rutes in rder t earn mre pints.
高中知识衔接
高中阶段，我们将学习到更复杂的语法结构，因此主动语态和被动语态也会相对复杂一些。被动语态在高中阶段，因为往往出现在较复杂的句子结构和词汇中，因而需要在学习的时候认真记忆词汇并分析句子结构。
知识一：被动语态的特殊表达法
1.表示被动含义的主动动词
系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来)，sund(听起来)，prve(证明是)，feel(摸上去感到)等。如：
Gd medicine tastes bitter t the muth.良药苦口。
2.表示被动含义的主动结构
(1)动名词
be wrth(值得)，want(=need)(需要)，require(需要)后所用的动名词，必须用主动结构表示被动意义。如：
Yur hair wants/needs cutting(needs t be cut).你的头发该剪了。
(2)不定式
作定语：不定式结构常表示动宾关系，即用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这种情形最常出现在“There+be+主语+修饰主语的不定式”和“及物动词+宾语（或双宾语）+修饰宾语的不定式”结构中，特别是“主语+have+宾语+修饰宾语的不定式”结构中。如：
There is s much wrk t d.有这么多事情要做。
(3)主语+be+形容词+不定式
常用于这个结构的形容词有amusing(有趣的)，cheap(便宜的)，dangerus(危险的)，hard(困难的)等。如：
The film is interesting t see.这部电影看起来很有趣。
3.特殊结构
“be+under+名词”结构：这种结构表示某事“在进行中”。如：
The building is under cnstructin.这座楼正在建设中。
经典例题
—Have yu read the bk Jane Eyre?
-Yes.It's a famus bk and really wrth
A.t readB.readingC.t be readD.read
【引申】Yu shuld get up early tmrrw mrning and get there befre the dr pens.
After all,the nvel well.
A.is sldB.is sellingC.sellsD.sld
知识二：被动形式表主动
某些“动词+反身代词”结构中的动词，在变成被动语态时，表主动。此类动词有devte,lse,dress,seat等。如：
The girl dressed herself a blue skirt.
→The girl was dressed in a blue skirt..那个女孩穿着蓝色的裙子。
经典例题
Shrtly after we a waiter came ver t ur table with a smile.
A.seatedB.were seatedC.sat urselvesD.tk places
知识三：区别被动语态和系表结构
被动语态和系表结构在构成上是相同的，都是由be+过去分词而构成，所以在应用时应注意它们的区别。
被动语态：表示以主语为承受者的动作。
系表结构：表示主语的特点或所处的状态。
有些动词的过去分词跟在系动词后，已经具有形容词特征，这样的结构往往是系表结构。
如：be excited兴奋的；be cmpleted完成的；be finished完成的；be delighted高兴的；be surprised惊讶的；be frightened害怕的；be tired累的；be married已婚的；be wrried担心的。
我们可以通过状语来判断句子是被动语态，还是系表结构。
(1)有时间状语和方式状语的，一般为被动语态。如：
The library is clsed at six.图书馆六点钟关门。
(2)在句中有by+人和by+抽象名词时，句子多用被动语态，而by+物时，多用于系表结构。
The buildings were surrunded by peple.大楼被人们包围了。（被动语态）The huse is surrunded by trees.房子周围都是树。（系表结构）
思考总结
被动语态常见的考点为：1.不规则动词的过去分词的拼写；2.主动形式表示被动含义的表达方式；3.各种时态的被动语态；4.被动语态和主系表结构的区别。
我们要学会灵活使用被动语态，在书面表达中，这会使得文章显得地道、精炼。
随堂练习
一.单句填空
1.Since the very beginning, the technlgical base needed fr 5G (cnsider).
2.These dams are smetimes six r seven hundred feet in length, and they (cnstruct) s delicately that they lk mre like the wrk f man than f little dumb beasts.
3.Later, Nelsn (award) the Presidential Medal f Freedm in recgnitin f his wrk.
4.Over the years the tpics which were cntrversial at the time (discuss) and debated.
二.单句改错
5.Every ne f yu are encuraged t visit it.
6.The vluntary activity was ffered us an pprtunity t cntribute t ur sciety.
7.When we arrived, we were warmly welcme by them.
8.Since last winter, the smg has been ccurred a lt f times.
三
These days, 1 wmen and men 2 (surrund) by magazines and websites full f tips n dieting, exercise and fashin. Gne 3 (be) the days when all men had t think abut wearing a nice suit t be smart and handsme. Things 4 (change).
Nw, a survey has suggested that 80% f men admit being unhappy abut their bdies. The biggest bdy issues fr them are beer bellies and lack f muscles. Sme think this sudden vanity is due t the pressure r influence f mdels we 5 (see) n TV and in magazines. Peple end up 6 a perceptin f what the perfect bdy shuld lk like. But nt everybdy 7 (want) t put in the effrt t have perfect muscles 8 Arnld Schwarzenegger. An pprtunistic designer has even 9 (invent) the muscle-enhancing shirt t make the buyer lk mre f a hunk(猛男).
But Je Warner, the frmer editr f Men’s Fitness magazine, thinks the muscle-enhancing shirt is just a trick. He thinks many peple in the cuntry are verweight and shuld accept that they need t d mre exercise regularly. Exercise is always gd. But we mustn’t frget beauty is nly skin-deep. Character is 10 (imprtant) than appearance.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
四
On March 28, seven 1 (mnth) after Manu Ginbili decided t retire frm the NBA, the San Antni Spurs held a mving ceremny sincerely t shw great respect t him and t retire his jersey(球衣)N. 20, which 2 (cnsider) a fitting end t ne f the greatest careers in internatinal basketball.
That day, his fans 3 (scream) ut“Gracias Manu, pr td”, r “Thanks fr everything, Manu”in English.
The Argentine-Italian shting guard played all 16 f his NBA seasns with the Spurs. He was an 4 (imprtance) part f San Antni's “Big Three” era(时代), alng 5 Tim Duncan and Tny Parker. Tgether they helped the team win fur NBA champinships between 2002 and 2014.
Of curse n this big day, Ginbili 6 (seat) between Duncan and Parker.
“Whenever I think abut yu, yu 7 (be) unique as a player,”Parker said at the ceremny.
Their cach Gregg Ppvich then 8 (explain) Ginbili's uniqueness. “The way the team 9 (set) up, we all needed each ther,” he said. “If it were nt fr Manu,there 10 (be) n champinships.”
五
短文改错
In rder t celebrate Natinal Day and the Mid-Autumn Festival, we have an 8-day hliday. Befre it, my classmates and I talk abut what t d during the hliday excitedly. Then we were decided t g t help the farmers instead f staying at hme. As sn as we arrived at the farm, we attracted by the apples that was hanging n the branches. We culdn't waited t pick the apples, which were the mst interesting wrk. Particular, we were allwed t chse the apples we liked best and taste them. We didn't feel bred at all even thugh the jb were tiring. We wrked fr 5 hur happily until the sun set.
初中知识回顾
回顾一：各类时态的被动语态
8种常见时态的被动语态表达形式：①一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词；②一般过去时：was/were+过去分词；③现在进行时：am/is/are being+过去分词；④过去进行时：was/were being+过去分词；⑤一般将来时：will be+过去分词；⑥过去将来时：wuld be+过去分词；⑦现在完成时：has/have been+过去分词；⑧过去完成时：had been+过去分词。
1.In Ningb, everyne knws that things in blue rubbish bins can be (回收利用).
2.He (invite) t have a business meeting. I knew that my father wuld surely cme t my shw if he culd.
3.I’ve fund a friendly guide here and yesterday I (shw) arund the city.
4.Fr example, it mentined that the zipper was (invent)by Whitcmb Judsn in 1893.
5.Tea is (prduce)in many different areas in China.
回顾二：情态动词的被动语态
情态动词的被动语态形式为：情态动词+be/have been+及物动词的过去分词。
6.First f all, I think mre bike lanes shuld (build).
随堂练习
1.The mvie The Wandering Earth was p by mst peple when it first came ut.
2.I (选择)as a team leader t make sure every student spke English nly.
3.Huawei’s newest phne, the Mate X, can be (折叠).
4.The prblems we face were m in his speech, but he didn’t cme up with ways t slve them.
5.All the tickets were s ut, s Tm went away disappintedly.
6.Nbdy will be p in the accident because all happened by accident.
7.In the traffic accident, ne man was k and anther was badly injured.
8.I think this wrking plan shuld (discuss)fr a secnd time at the meeting.
9.When smene, especially a child, is (教育),he r she is taught at schl r cllege.
10.Users f this app will be (鼓励)t take different rutes in rder t earn mre pints.
高中知识衔接
高中阶段，我们将学习到更复杂的语法结构，因此主动语态和被动语态也会相对复杂一些。被动语态在高中阶段，因为往往出现在较复杂的句子结构和词汇中，因而需要在学习的时候认真记忆词汇并分析句子结构。
知识一：被动语态的特殊表达法
1.表示被动含义的主动动词
系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来)，sund(听起来)，prve(证明是)，feel(摸上去感到)等。如：
Gd medicine tastes bitter t the muth.良药苦口。
2.表示被动含义的主动结构
(1)动名词
be wrth(值得)，want(=need)(需要)，require(需要)后所用的动名词，必须用主动结构表示被动意义。如：
Yur hair wants/needs cutting(needs t be cut).你的头发该剪了。
(2)不定式
作定语：不定式结构常表示动宾关系，即用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这种情形最常出现在“There+be+主语+修饰主语的不定式”和“及物动词+宾语（或双宾语）+修饰宾语的不定式”结构中，特别是“主语+have+宾语+修饰宾语的不定式”结构中。如：
There is s much wrk t d.有这么多事情要做。
(3)主语+be+形容词+不定式
常用于这个结构的形容词有amusing(有趣的)，cheap(便宜的)，dangerus(危险的)，hard(困难的)等。如：
The film is interesting t see.这部电影看起来很有趣。
3.特殊结构
“be+under+名词”结构：这种结构表示某事“在进行中”。如：
The building is under cnstructin.这座楼正在建设中。
经典例题
—Have yu read the bk Jane Eyre?
-Yes.It's a famus bk and really wrth
A.t readB.readingC.t be readD.read
【引申】Yu shuld get up early tmrrw mrning and get there befre the dr pens.
After all,the nvel well.
A.is sldB.is sellingC.sellsD.sld
知识二：被动形式表主动
某些“动词+反身代词”结构中的动词，在变成被动语态时，表主动。此类动词有devte,lse,dress,seat等。如：
The girl dressed herself a blue skirt.
→The girl was dressed in a blue skirt..那个女孩穿着蓝色的裙子。
经典例题
Shrtly after we a waiter came ver t ur table with a smile.
A.seatedB.were seatedC.sat urselvesD.tk places
知识三：区别被动语态和系表结构
被动语态和系表结构在构成上是相同的，都是由be+过去分词而构成，所以在应用时应注意它们的区别。
被动语态：表示以主语为承受者的动作。
系表结构：表示主语的特点或所处的状态。
有些动词的过去分词跟在系动词后，已经具有形容词特征，这样的结构往往是系表结构。
如：be excited兴奋的；be cmpleted完成的；be finished完成的；be delighted高兴的；be surprised惊讶的；be frightened害怕的；be tired累的；be married已婚的；be wrried担心的。
我们可以通过状语来判断句子是被动语态，还是系表结构。
(1)有时间状语和方式状语的，一般为被动语态。如：
The library is clsed at six.图书馆六点钟关门。
(2)在句中有by+人和by+抽象名词时，句子多用被动语态，而by+物时，多用于系表结构。
The buildings were surrunded by peple.大楼被人们包围了。（被动语态）The huse is surrunded by trees.房子周围都是树。（系表结构）
思考总结
被动语态常见的考点为：1.不规则动词的过去分词的拼写；2.主动形式表示被动含义的表达方式；3.各种时态的被动语态；4.被动语态和主系表结构的区别。
我们要学会灵活使用被动语态，在书面表达中，这会使得文章显得地道、精炼。
随堂练习
一.单句填空
1.Since the very beginning, the technlgical base needed fr 5G (cnsider).
2.These dams are smetimes six r seven hundred feet in length, and they (cnstruct) s delicately that they lk mre like the wrk f man than f little dumb beasts.
3.Later, Nelsn (award) the Presidential Medal f Freedm in recgnitin f his wrk.
4.Over the years the tpics which were cntrversial at the time (discuss) and debated.
二.单句改错
5.Every ne f yu are encuraged t visit it.
6.The vluntary activity was ffered us an pprtunity t cntribute t ur sciety.
7.When we arrived, we were warmly welcme by them.
8.Since last winter, the smg has been ccurred a lt f times.
三
These days, 1 wmen and men 2 (surrund) by magazines and websites full f tips n dieting, exercise and fashin. Gne 3 (be) the days when all men had t think abut wearing a nice suit t be smart and handsme. Things 4 (change).
Nw, a survey has suggested that 80% f men admit being unhappy abut their bdies. The biggest bdy issues fr them are beer bellies and lack f muscles. Sme think this sudden vanity is due t the pressure r influence f mdels we 5 (see) n TV and in magazines. Peple end up 6 a perceptin f what the perfect bdy shuld lk like. But nt everybdy 7 (want) t put in the effrt t have perfect muscles 8 Arnld Schwarzenegger. An pprtunistic designer has even 9 (invent) the muscle-enhancing shirt t make the buyer lk mre f a hunk(猛男).
But Je Warner, the frmer editr f Men’s Fitness magazine, thinks the muscle-enhancing shirt is just a trick. He thinks many peple in the cuntry are verweight and shuld accept that they need t d mre exercise regularly. Exercise is always gd. But we mustn’t frget beauty is nly skin-deep. Character is 10 (imprtant) than appearance.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
四
On March 28, seven 1 (mnth) after Manu Ginbili decided t retire frm the NBA, the San Antni Spurs held a mving ceremny sincerely t shw great respect t him and t retire his jersey(球衣)N. 20, which 2 (cnsider) a fitting end t ne f the greatest careers in internatinal basketball.
That day, his fans 3 (scream) ut“Gracias Manu, pr td”, r “Thanks fr everything, Manu”in English.
The Argentine-Italian shting guard played all 16 f his NBA seasns with the Spurs. He was an 4 (imprtance) part f San Antni's “Big Three” era(时代), alng 5 Tim Duncan and Tny Parker. Tgether they helped the team win fur NBA champinships between 2002 and 2014.
Of curse n this big day, Ginbili 6 (seat) between Duncan and Parker.
“Whenever I think abut yu, yu 7 (be) unique as a player,”Parker said at the ceremny.
Their cach Gregg Ppvich then 8 (explain) Ginbili's uniqueness. “The way the team 9 (set) up, we all needed each ther,” he said. “If it were nt fr Manu,there 10 (be) n champinships.”
五
短文改错
In rder t celebrate Natinal Day and the Mid-Autumn Festival, we have an 8-day hliday. Befre it, my classmates and I talk abut what t d during the hliday excitedly. Then we were decided t g t help the farmers instead f staying at hme. As sn as we arrived at the farm, we attracted by the apples that was hanging n the branches. We culdn't waited t pick the apples, which were the mst interesting wrk. Particular, we were allwed t chse the apples we liked best and taste them. We didn't feel bred at all even thugh the jb were tiring. We wrked fr 5 hur happily until the sun set.
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