外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习31 ：选择性必修3 Unit 1　Face values （含解析）

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选择性必修第三册　Unit 1　Face values

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

No. 11 High School in Hangzhou is using facial recognition technology 1. ________ (analysis) the behaviour of students in the classroom, and to keep a record of their attendance. The system involves a facial recognition camera 2. ________ scans the classroom every 30 seconds. The camera is designed to log six types of behaviours by the students: reading, writing, hand raising, standing up, listening to the teacher, and leaning on the desk. It also records the facial expressions of the students and logs whether they look happy, upset, angry, fearful or 3. ________ (disgust). The information collected by the system can help teachers better supervise the performance of their students. On top of that, the system can help teachers rethink their teaching methods 4. ________ (use) statistical data, as well as cut the time needed to check class attendance 5. ________ only a few seconds.

However, 6. ________ are some concerns about students' privacy among the public. Zhang Guanchao, the school's vice principal, explained that privacy was considered in the design of the system, saying “Data collection and application focus on behaviour 7. ________ (manage) of the entire class rather than any individuals.” He also emphasised that the system 8. ________ (it) is not connected to a cloud server, 9. ________ to a local server, in order to prevent unauthorised access to the data.

Facial recognition technology 10. ________ (extend) into many areas of school life so far. For example, facial recognition is used to pay for purchases at the school shop and to borrow books from the school library.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。杭州第十一中学正在使用面部识别技术来分析学生在课堂上的行为，这引起了社会热议。

1. to analyse　考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is using，且前后没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to analyse。

2. that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a facial recognition camera，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。

3. disgusted　考查形容词。根据空前的“happy, upset, angry, fearful”可知，空处需用形容词作表语，disgust对应的形容词disgusted“厌恶的”符合题意。故填disgusted。

4. using　考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语 help，且前后没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，动词use与主语之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词using作状语。故填using。

5. to　考查固定搭配。此处是固定短语cut... to... “将……减少到……”，此处表示将检查出勤率所需的时间缩短到几秒钟。故填to。

6. there　考查there be句型。根据空后句子结构和“are some concerns about...”可知，空处需用there构成there be句型。故填there。

7. management　考查名词。介词on后需接名词作宾语，manage的名词management“管理”符合题意，behaviour management“行为管理”。故填management。

8. itself　考查反身代词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处需用反身代词itself强调系统本身。故填itself。

9. but　考查连词。此处是not... but...结构，表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。

10. has been extended　考查动词的被动语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语so far可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时，因为表示被扩展到学校生活的许多领域，所以空处谓语动词需用现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been done，主语Facial recognition technology是单数，因此助动词需用has。故填has been extended。

B

For those who travel to China, the scenic spots and ancient civilisation are 1. ________ (attract) things, and so is Chinese food and drinks. Like music, dance and painting, eating is also an art in China and Chinese cuisine 2. ________ (list) as one of the top in the field of world cuisines.

Nobody could tell exactly how many restaurants a specific city has, let alone the roadside eateries (饭馆) 3. ________ (distribute) in streets and back lanes. Wherever you would like to eat, in the restaurants 4. ________ the roadside eateries, make sure that the restaurant is clean and the food has been 5. ________ (fresh) prepared and is hot.

Chinese regard eating as an art, 6. ________ is a comprehensive combination of sight, smell, touch, taste and even sound. Chinese cuisine is an important branch from the Chinese culture and the core is taste while the purpose is 7. ________ (preserve) health.

It is a perfect combination of colour, shape, 8. ________ (appear) and flavour. Delicious and nutritious food has been regarded as the basics of ordinary life.

Chinese cuisine has a long history and is famous worldwide 9. ________ its rich tastes and delightful colours. The difference in local climate, history and eating customs in each region has produced local dishes and snacks with their own 10. ________ (characteristic)．

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的各种美食及饮食文化。

1. attractive　考查形容词。修饰名词things，应用形容词。故填attractive。

2. is listed　考查动词的时态和语态。根据全文时态特点可确定用一般现在时，再根据主语Chinese cuisine 与list是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填is listed。

3. distributed　考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语the roadside eateries与distribute之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填distributed。

4. or　考查连词。句意：无论你想在哪里吃，是饭店还是路边饭馆。根据前后句句意可知，这里用or，表示“或者”。故填or。

5. freshly　考查副词。根据空后的prepared可知前面用副词修饰。故填freshly。

6. which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词art又指物。故填which。

7. to preserve　考查非谓语动词。句意：其目的是养生。根据句意可知，此处表示目的，故用动词不定式。故填to preserve。

8. appearance　考查名词。根据前面的名词colour, shape，可知设空处也应填名词形式。故填appearance。

9. for　考查固定搭配。短语be famous for意为“因……而闻名”。故填for。

10. characteristics　考查名词的单复数。characteristic是可数名词，故用名词的复数形式。故填characteristics。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 体育馆门前站着很多手拿鲜花的学生，他们在等待贵宾的到来。(完全倒装句)

In front of the stadium stood many students holding flowers waiting for the arrival of the honoured guests.

2. 他是第一个到达山顶的人。(序数词＋名词＋to do sth.)

He was the first man to reach the top of the mountain.

3. 我们所关心的是学生们在营地的安全。(what引导主语从句)

What we care about is the students' safety in the camp.

4. 我们花费了半小时修理这台洗衣机。(spend... in doing sth.)

We spent half an hour in repairing the washing machine.

5. 随着时间的推移，情况似乎变得更糟了。(as引导时间状语从句)

As time passed, things seemed to get worse.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

Every two or three months, Thyago Ohana goes out on the busy streets of Vienna with a sign saying “Free Hugs”. The handsome 32­year­old Brazilian, who works in international trade at India's Vienna embassy, chooses a popular site, like the historic shopping street, Kaerntner Strasse. There he opens his arms to anyone who wants a hearty embrace (拥抱)．

He does it because back in 2012, when he was feeling very stressed and anxious during a visit to Paris, a stranger gave him a free hug. He's never forgotten how it filled him with unexpected calm and joy.

For those who take up his offer, the hug makes them laugh and smile. But sometimes it does more, as when an elderly woman in a tour group stopped and watched him. The group moved on, but she remained and asked, “Can I have a hug？” “Of course you can！” said Thyago who wrapped his arms round her. When they broke their embrace, she kept holding onto his shoulders and looked into his eyes. “Thank you，” she said. “I can't remember the last time I was hugged this way.”

It's a memory that still makes Thyago emotional. “It was a really powerful moment of human connection. It's why I keep doing it.”

Of our five senses, our sense of touch is the one that is most easily taken for granted. “A child can be born blind or deaf and they will grow up just fine，” says David J. Linden, author of Touch: The Science of Hand, Heart and Mind. “Yet if a baby is lacking in loving social touch for the first two years of life, then all sorts of disasters unfold.” That's one reason why when babies are born, they are now usually placed on their mother's skin.

Linden says however you do it, “maximising touch in your life is a good thing” — whether holding hands, petting a dog, going to the hairdresser, hugging our kids, our partners or even a stranger.

1. Why did Thyago Ohana offer free hugs to strangers?

A. He longed for calm and joy.

B. He felt stressed and upset.

C. He wanted others to feel connected and cared.

D. He hoped to help others cure their diseases.

2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 suggest?

A. Our sense of touch isn't so important.

B. Our sense of touch is undervalued.

C. Our sense of touch does no good to us.

D. Our sense of touch is thought highly of.

3. What does David J. Linden think of social touch?

A. The way of offering social touch counts.

B. Offering hugs is the best way to get social touch.

C. Blind kids will be cured as long as they get enough social touch.

D. Many problems can be tracked back to babyhood short of social touch.

4. Where is this text most likely from?

A. A health magazine.  B. A research paper.  C. A guide book.  D. A biology textbook.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了拥抱可以对人产生良好的影响。

1. C　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，Thyago Ohana为陌生人提供免费拥抱，是因为他想让其他人也感到相互联系和关心。故选C。

2. B　句意理解题。根据第五段中的“Of our five senses, our sense of touch is the one that is most easily taken for granted．”及下文“Yet if a baby is lacking in loving social touch for the first two years of life, then all sorts of disasters unfold.”可推知，画线句想要说明“我们的触觉被低估了”。故选B。

3. D　推理判断题。根据第五段中David J. Linden所说的“Yet if a baby is lacking in loving social touch for the first two years of life, then all sorts of disasters unfold.”可知，David J. Linden认为很多问题可以追溯到婴儿时期社交接触的缺乏。故选D。

4. A　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了拥抱可以对人产生积极的影响。由此推知，这篇文章极可能来自健康杂志。故选A。

B

Recent years have witnessed the growth of luxury (奢侈品) brands. It's clear that a new generation of young, materialistic people is increasingly relying on luxury brands to improve its self­image.

I am a fashionista (时尚达人) too, at least in spirit — I love to look at clothes and shoes. But I don't understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels. When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that's a scary thing.

What's interesting is that scientists have found that having luxury things doesn't lead to happiness.

Study after study has shown that although we want material things, when we get them we don't suddenly become “happy” people. In fact, a series of studies have shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those on material things. That's because experiences are more easily integrated into a person's identity. If I travel to Yunnan, that adventure affects how I think in the future. My memories become a part of me. Moreover, as Van Boven has observed, young people who pursue happiness through “things” are liked less by their peers. People prefer those who pursue happiness through experiences.

It's natural to want to express yourself through your appearance. So my advice is: create a look that isn't tied to a designer label. Convey your own message. Take some lessons from the late Apple co­founder Steve Jobs. He was always in Levis jeans and a black turtleneck(高领套头衫). Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, routinely appears in hoodies(卫衣) and sneakers. These people, successful people, have style.

You don't have to break the bank to send a message about who you are. Take a trip. Go out into the world. Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.

5. What's the author's attitude towards luxury consumption?

A. Favourable.  B. Negative.  C. Positive.  D. Unconcerned.

6. What's the main idea of the fourth paragraph?

A. Material things can't bring about joy.

B. Experiences sink into personality.

C. It's better to invest in experiences.

D. Others' preference is of importance.

7. Why are Steve Jobs and Mark Zuckerberg mentioned in the text?

A. To honour the two successes.

B. To advocate their experience.

C. To support the author's argument.

D. To inspire young people's ambition.

8. What is the underlined sentence intended to express?

A. Do mind your financial security.

B. Do try to make more money.

C. Don't rob a bank for luxuries.

D. Don't spend much on your image.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现拥有奢侈品并不能带来幸福。作者对通过外表来表达自己的人的建议是：创造一个不受设计师标签束缚的外观。

5. B　观点态度题。根据第二段中的“But I don't understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels. When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that's a scary thing.”可推知，作者不支持奢侈品消费。故选B。

6. C　段落大意题。根据第四段中的“In fact, a series of studies have shown that... by their peers. People prefer those who pursue happiness through experiences.”可知，第四段的主旨是最好是投资经验。故选C。

7. C　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“It's natural to want to express yourself through your appearance. So my advice is: create a look that isn't tied to a designer label. Convey your own message.”可推知，文章中提到Steve Jobs和Mark Zuckerberg是为了支持作者的论点。故选C。

8. D　句意理解题。根据第二段中的“When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that's a scary thing.”以及最后一段中的“Take a trip. Go out into the world. Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.”再结合文章主要内容强调不要太在意自己的形象，拥有奢侈品并不能带来幸福，要多去经历才能获得更多的快乐。由此可推知，画线句子的意思是“不要在你的形象上花费太多”。故选D。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

I suffered from Asperger's at my childhood. One of the biggest   1   I faced was communicating with others. I was shy but I loved to read and recite facts. This sometimes made me a   2   for bullies(欺凌). I didn't really understand as much about the disease or how it   3   my life.

When I was in my 20s, I   4   to Paris. I was deeply attracted by the city, and I   5   a job in a big hotel right then. As an Eiffel Tower ambassador, I   6   guests and visitors as they took the lift to the top of the hotel's 46­story where I liked to   7   the local attractions and helped people find the best   8   for taking photos. At first, I had a problem with changes in everyday life,   9   when talking with people who were different from me. But I liked to memorise facts, and that really   10   in my job because people loved to learn all of the interesting things about the city. Every day when I clocked in, I felt it's time for me to perform for and   11   the guests. I loved it when I learnt something new because I couldn't   12   to share the information with others.

Everyone is   13  ， and everyone has a gift. It takes me more than 50 years to   14   that I am different. Just be yourself, be kind, and try to make a   15   in your life.

1. A. decisions B. challenges C. conflicts D. changes

2. A. victory B. design C. memory D. target

3. A. reflected B. improved C. affected D. forgot

4. A. moved B. escaped C. rushed D. gathered

5. A. prepared for B. put away C. applied for D. turned down

6. A. drove B. directed C. sent D. accompanied

7. A. introduce B. identify C. consider D. connect

8. A. advertisements B. spots C. reasons D. habits

9. A. chiefly B. personally C. specially D. especially

10. A. favoured B. treated C. helped D. relaxed

11. A. entertain B. trust C. hire D. educate

12. A. stop B. work C. wait D. follow

13. A. difficult B. terrible C. bright D. unique

14. A. recognise B. realise C. wonder D. admit

15. A. difference B. promise C. choice D. sacrifice

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者患有阿斯伯格综合征，很难和他人交流。但随着年龄的增长，作者悟出一个道理：生活中每个人都要活出自己的风采。

1. B　作者患有阿斯伯格综合征，因此在日常生活中会有很多挑战。故选B。

2. D　作者虽然在与人交流方面存在困难，但是拥有很好的阅读和背诵技能，有些人会因此欺凌作者，即作者成为他人攻击欺凌的目标。故选D。

3. C　作者不太了解这种病，即作者并不清楚这种病会怎样影响自己的生活。故选C。

4. A　根据下文的内容可知，作者来到巴黎后喜欢上了这个城市，因此作者此前并未在巴黎生活。move to搬到某地。故选A。

5. C　根据下一句可知，作者成为埃菲尔铁塔的大使，因此applied for“申请”符合语境。故选C。

6. D　根据下文内容可知，作为埃菲尔铁塔的大使，相当于导游，因此要陪同游客照相并讲述与铁塔相关的故事。故选D。

7. A　根据上一题的分析可知，作者作为埃菲尔铁塔的大使，要向游客介绍当地的景点。故选A。

8. B　游客照相，因此作者他们需要找到最佳拍摄地点。故选B。

9. D　句意：起初，我在日常生活中面对一些变化遇到了问题，特别是在与我不同的人进行交谈时。空处所在的句子是在着重举例说明作者生活中面临的一些变化。故选D。

10. C　人们喜欢听作者讲故事，因此作者喜欢记一些东西的本领在工作中帮助了自己。故选C。

11. A　根据“perform for”可知，作者为人们讲故事时是在为人们展示自己，同时也是在招待游客。故选A。

12. C　作者喜欢为人们讲故事，因此在知道新东西后，作者便迫不及待地要分享给游客。故选C。

13. D　根据下文中的“I am different”可知，每一个人包括作者都是独一无二的。故选D。

14. B　空后及下文内容讲的是作者多年以后意识到的东西，是作者的人生感悟。故选B。

15. A　make a difference意为“有影响，有关系”，在文中可以理解为“与众不同”，即每个人都是不同的，因此在生活中要活出自己的风采。故选A。