2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 1 Face values

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 1 Face values，共10页。

Unit 1　Face values
阅读·提速练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·山东湖北联考)
Cruise(巡航) lines worldwide suspended sailings March 13 because of the spread of the coronavirus pandemic.Now companies such as Carnival and Disney are pushing out their return dates and canceling more trips，meaning passengers can receive full refunds for the price of their trips.
Those who want to take their chances and postpone—even though there’s no firm date when this pandemic will end—can choose to receive a credit for a future cruise.Just remember：If you choose a credit，you have given up your refund.Cruise companies want you to stick with them，and are offering extra perks(津贴) and credits to keep you on board.
Carnival Cruises
On Wednesday，Carnival Cruises announced it would suspend Alaska sailings through June 30 and scrap all San Francisco cruises for the rest of the year.Typical five-day cruises along the California coast called at Catalina Island and Ensenada，Mexico，before returning to the Bay Area.
The company also canceled cruises aboard Carnival Radiance(an upgrade of the Carnival Victory) through Nov.1，and Carnival Legend，through Oct.30.Carnival Legend typically sails from Seattle to Alaska in summer months.
Passengers whose trips have been cancelled may opt for a refund or a future cruise credit.
Disney Cruise Line
Disney Cruise Line on Monday extended its suspension for sailings departing in April.Passengers who had tickets on any of its four ships through April 28 may receive a refund or a cruise credit for a trip within 15 months of their original departure date，according to the company’s website.
Disney also warned passengers about sailings aboard the Disney Wonder that are scheduled to resume April 29.The itinerary(行程) calls for a stop in Vancouver，Canada，but Canada has closed its ports at least through July 1.
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了许多邮轮因新冠疫情被取消后，乘客如何获得退款或信用额度。

1．What can the passengers select if they want to cruise later?
A．Refunds. B．Credits.
C．Perks. D．Chances.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Those who want to take their chances and postpone—even though there’s no firm date when this pandemic will end—can choose to receive a credit for a future cruise.”可知，那些想以后进行游轮之旅的人可以选择获得信用积分。故选 B。
2．What do we know about Carnival Cruises?
A．Carnival Legend typically sails from Seattle to Alaska in winter months.
B．Passengers whose trips have been canceled only choose a future cruise credit.
C．Carnival Radiance is canceled through Oct.30.
D．San Francisco cruises will be canceled for the rest of the year.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“On Wednesday，Carnival Cruises announced it would suspend Alaska sailings through June 30 and scrap all San Francisco cruises for the rest of the year.”可知，今年剩余时间的旧金山游轮将被取消。故选D。
3．What may happen if you had tickets on any of the ships of Disney Cruise Line?
A．You will receive refunds before April 28.
B．Your trip will be delayed till June.
C．You will receive a cruise credit for a trip.
D．You will receive refunds on April 29.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Passengers who had tickets on any of its four ships through April 28 may receive a refund or a cruise credit for a trip within 15 months of their original departure date，according to the company’s website.”可知，如果你有迪士尼游轮的船票，你将会得到邮轮积分。故选C。
B
(2021·湖南师大附中质检)
John White，a typical teenage boy，is keen on hiking and photography.He also lives in a large zoo.
John，the son of the late “Crocodile Hunter” star Steve White，is now taking center stage in “Crikey! It’s the Whites，”a new series on Animal Planet.“We’ve worked on quite a few different TV projects，but this is actually the first time my whole family has come back to Animal Planet together，so it’s pretty unusual，” says John.Premiering(首映)at 8 p．m.on Sunday，“Crikey！” follows the Whites as they run the 100-acre Australia Zoo，founded by Steve White’s parents.Steve owned and ran the zoo before he died in 2006.“We’ve always grown up in front of a camera.Bindi，my sister，and I were both filmed for some of the original ‘Crocodile Hunter’ documentaries(纪录片)，” says John.
“I’m very lucky in the way that I’ve had so much of my life captured(拍摄)on camera，so as the memories you have of Dad start to fade，you can always look back at the old footage(镜头)and relive those special moments，” he says.
“Crikey! It’s the Whites” has some footage of Steve.The most exciting part of the premiere involves John leading the “Croc Show” at the zoo’s “Crocoseum”，a 5,500-seat stadium Steve built to give crocodile performances and educate visitors about crocodile behavior.
Of course，running a zoo doesn’t leave much time for school，so John participates in Distance Education，a program similar to homeschooling.“School can be difficult for me to fit in，” he says.“But I’ve actually got a classroom that’s set up at Australia Zoo and a teacher that travels with us wherever we go，so I can fit in all of my studies.” John continues，“I’m learning as much as I can about all of the animals and all of the work at Australia Zoo.I feel really honored to be following in Dad’s footsteps.I love continuing that work.”
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John White将会继续追随父亲的脚步，经营一家动物园的故事。

4．Why is the new series special to John?
A．It includes his whole family.
B．It is being filmed in a large zoo.
C．It is the first documentary he made.
D．It allows him to work with his dad.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“this is actually the first time my whole family has come back to Animal Planet together，so it’s pretty unusual”可知，与以往不同的是，这次他们全家都参与节目的拍摄。故选A。
5．What does John think of being captured on camera?
A．It helps increase his popularity.
B．It encourages him to work hard.
C．It helps strengthen his ties to his dad.
D．It encourages him to care about animals.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，John认为等以后对父亲的记忆变模糊时，这些镜头可以让他重拾对父亲的记忆。故选C。
6．How does John keep up with his schooling?
A．He is taking unique education.
B．He is home-schooled by his mom.
C．He goes to school whenever he has time.
D．He asks some teachers to teach him at home.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“John participates in Distance Education，a program similar to homeschooling.”和“But I’ve actually got a classroom that’s set up at Australia Zoo and a teacher that travels with us wherever we go...”可推知，为了跟上学业进度，约翰接受了独特的教育。故选A。
7．What’s John’s dream job in the future?
A．Feeding animals.
B．Running Australia Zoo.
C．Becoming a crocodile expert.
D．Becoming a wildlife photographer.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后三句 John所说的话可知，他希望自己以后继续经营该动物园。故选B。
C
(2021·安徽舒城质检)
Empathy(同理心) is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants，but few know how to truly give or receive it.In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized，it is in short supply but high demand.This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.
What Is Empathy？—Many people confuse sympathy and empathy，but they are two distinct values.Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone’s feelings；criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and subsequently gaining their trust.Empathy is more than that.Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels，but it also values and respects the feelings of another person.It means treating others with kindness，dignity，and understanding.
Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy—While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts，in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them.It begins with the way parents relate to their children.Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy.
Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met，two things happen.They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving，meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive.An empty jug cannot fill a cup.
It’s a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them.Give their emotions names(for example，jealousy，anger，and love) and teach them that these are normal.Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions.Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在一个强调自我满足的世界里，我们更有理由教导下一代，对周围的人抱有同理心意味着什么。同时说明了同理心的含义，以及如何培养孩子的同理心。

8．Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy?
A．Because people tend to center themselves.
B．Because everyone lacks empathy.
C．Because empathy is a strange quality.
D．Because it’s better to give than to receive.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized，it is in short supply but high demand.This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.”可知，下一代人被教导要有同理心，因为人们往往以自己为中心。故选A。
9．Which situation can empathy be used in?
A．When a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland.
B．When a teacher is comforting a student about his failure in exams.
C．When a criminal is cheating a victim.
D．When a dancer is dancing to music.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts，in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them.”可推知，B选项“当老师安慰学生考试不及格时”符合同理心使用的情况。故选B。
10．What does the underlined sentence “An empty jug cannot fill a cup.” mean?
A．An empty jug is too small to hold a cup.
B．It’s a must to talk to kids about emotions.
C．Adults should set an example to kids.
D．Kids give empathy with their emotional needs met first.
答案　D
解析　句意理解题。结合上文“Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met，two things happen.They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving，meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive.”可知，要想孩子们有同理心，必须首先满足他们自己的情感需求。故选D。
11．What is the main topic of the passage?
A．How to train kids to have empathy.
B．How to distinguish sympathy and empathy.
C．How to help kids finish empathy-related tasks.
D．Whether kids can be trained to be more empathetic.
答案　A
解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.”可知，文章主要内容为如何教导孩子拥有同理心。故选A。
D
(2021·江苏泰州质检)
The coronavirus pandemic(冠状病毒流行病) is a terrible crisis，of course.But it also presents an opportunity to change the way that research is conducted and shared.The way that researchers respond to COVID-19 right now can serve as a blueprint for the future.Scientists publishing data，ideas and information relating to the coronavirus pandemic on ResearchGate，a professional network that advocates open research，push against the old patterns of scientific culture.
Researchers are far more likely to post early-stage research on the websites than we’ve traditionally seen in other industries.We’re seeing people publish shorter，briefer content，and more figures.It’s really exciting to see researchers upload more and more preprints(预印本)．The urgency of this crisis encourages the global community of researchers to share more freely and work across industries，even as borders remain closed.
The way that research is confirmed and shared hasn’t changed much over the past decades，or perhaps the last century.We still rely on mysterious systems of peer review(同行评审) and the in-person conference is still a main means of knowledge exchange.The COVID-19 crisis is challenging both：one reason is that it is too slow(it can take six to nine months for a scientist’s primary results to be peer-reviewed and appear in a journal)，and the other，it is no longer safe.We need to try new ways to do things，in real time，and the ideas that work in this time of crisis will serve us well in the future.
At ResearchGate，we constantly work to improve scientific productivity to enable much-needed breakthroughs.This crisis encourages us to do our best to support researchers in becoming more efficient and more open.We need to connect with all the actors in science to further this change：funders，publishers，institutions and even nations need to come together and reimagine what science could be and how it could drive the development of better societies.
The future of science is surely international，interdisciplinary(跨学科的) and open.Through the COVID-19，efforts from some organizations stand out as leading the way，in bringing national donors，charities and companies together to solve problems.There are also many examples of interdisciplinary and international cooperation that give us hope for advancing a new culture of science.ResearchGate’s own COVID-19 community page is designed to encourage interdisciplinary cooperation during the coronavirus pandemic.
The tools that we develop through the COVID-19 crisis must equip us to work together across borders to face future crises.Our collective(共同的) actions in the face of climate change，for instance，have been inadequate so far.Let’s use this crisis to learn how to make science better，and let’s continue these efforts beyond the crisis，together.This moment is an opportunity to pave new paths that we’ll follow tomorrow.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。尽管新冠病毒是一场可怕的危机，但它也提供了一个机会来改变研究的进行和分享的方式。本文阐述了新冠病毒的爆发对科学的影响。

12．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．Scientists often publish unfinished reports.
B．Scientists have worked across borders during the crisis.
C．Scientists share their research results more freely now.
D．Current research cannot meet the needs of dealing with the crisis.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“Scientists publishing data，ideas and information relating to the coronavirus pandemic on ResearchGate，a professional network that advocates open research，push against the old patterns of scientific culture.”和第二段的“Researchers are far more likely to post early-stage research on the websites than we’ve traditionally seen in other industries.”可推断，科学家们现在更自由地分享他们的研究成果。故选C。
13．What does the author think of the peer review system?
A．It can consume a large amount of time.
B．It is a rare way of knowledge exchange.
C．It will play an important role in the future.
D．It is helpful in protecting significant research results.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“The COVID-19 crisis is challenging both：one reason is that it is too slow(it can take six to nine months for a scientist’s primary results to be peer-reviewed and appear in a journal)”可知，作者认为同行评审系统需要大量的时间。故选A。
14．What do the researchers expect of the future of science?
A．Scientists will make great progress in medicine.
B．Scientific reports will be produced more quickly.
C．It will value interdisciplinary and international cooperation.
D．Large institutions will lead the way in scientific breakthroughs.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段的“The future of science is surely international，interdisciplinary(跨学科的) and open.”可知，研究人员期待未来的科学将重视跨学科和国际合作。故选C。
15．What may be the best title for the text?
A．How Does Science Affect Our Life?
B．How Is COVID-19 Changing Science?
C．The Role of Science in Conquering the COVID-19 Crisis
D．The Tools That We Develop Through the COVID-19 Crisis
答案　B
解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知，尽管冠状病毒大流行是一场可怕的危机，但它也提供了一个机会来改变研究的进行和分享的方式。由此推断本文主要介绍了新冠病毒是如何影响科学的，故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·河北唐山质检)
Children who lack self-control don’t lack intelligence.People who are impulsive(冲动) and quick to take risks have wonderful strengths.They are often the ones who become our adventurers，discoverers，or inventors. 1
Self-control feeds directly into decision-making.A shortage of self-control during childhood might lead to a bit too much fun food at the party，more time gaming than homeworking，or a few too many bursts of anger. 2 During adolescence though，the consequences of poor decisions and a lack of self-control，could be disastrous.
3 They close down opportunities and set them on a path to a more harmful lifestyle.These include decisions around their health，money and behavior.
Adolescence is a time of massive brain change，designed to support their preparation for adulthood. 4 Risk-taking is a healthy，normal part of adolescence，but teens with higher self-control are more able to calculate the risks and tell the difference between a dangerous risk and one that they can learn from and grow through.
When adolescence hits，the experiences our children expose themselves to will largely be out of our hands.This is where they start to discover who they are and where they fit into the world. 5 It will play a huge part in driving their decisions，their experiences and the way their brain develops as they move into adulthood.Self-control in childhood，sets up self-control in adolescence，which sets up a brain for life.
A．Their level of self-control at this stage is vital.
B．They can also cause themselves to be in a lot of trouble.
C．Part of this readying involves experimentation and taking risks.
D．The brain changes according to the experiences it is exposed to.
E．It keeps them safe and guides their developing brains in the right direction.
F．Adolescents who lack self-control are more likely to make harmful decisions.
G．In the short term，the effect from these decisions might seem fairly unharmful.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了缺乏自制力的孩子在青春期将会面临的一些问题。

1．答案　B
解析　根据上文可知，上文提到了他们的优势，再根据下文的介绍可知，下文讲了他们的缺点。故B选项“他们也会给自己带来很多麻烦”符合语境。
2．答案　G
解析　根据上下文可知，本段主要说明了自控力对决策的影响，上文说明的是童年时期，后文则表示转折，说明糟糕的决定在青春期可能会有灾难性的后果，可推知，本句应当是说明短期内这些决定的影响无害。故G选项“在短期内，这些决定的影响似乎相当无害”符合语境。
3．答案　F
解析　本句为本段主旨句，结合后文内容可知本段主要是在说明缺乏自制力的青少年更有可能做出有害的决定。后文中的harmful可对应F选项中的harmful。故F选项“缺乏自制力的青少年更有可能做出有害的决定”符合语境。
4．答案　C
解析　根据上文“Adolescence is a time of massive brain change，designed to support their preparation for adulthood.”可知，本句承接上文，进一步解释说明这些为成年所做的准备的情况。上文中的preparation可对应C选项中的readying，下文中的Risk-taking对应C选项中的taking risks。故C选项“这种准备的一部分包括实验和冒险”符合语境。
5．答案　A
解析　根据上下文可知，本句承上启下说明在青春期阶段自我控制能力的形成对于青少年的重要性。上文中的adolescence可对应A选项中的“at this stage”，后文中的It可对应A选项中的“Their level of self-control”。故A选项“他们在这个阶段的自我控制水平是至关重要的”符合语境。