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江苏专版2023_2024学年新教材高中英语Unit4ProtectingOurHeritageSites单元测评课件牛津译林版选择性必修第三册
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这是一份江苏专版2023_2024学年新教材高中英语Unit4ProtectingOurHeritageSites单元测评课件牛津译林版选择性必修第三册，共60页。
Unit 4 单元测评（时间：120分钟 满分：150分）第一部分 听力（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where does the conversation take place?( ) BA. In a shop. B. In a restaurant. C. In a police station.[解析] M:What can I do for you, madam?W:I left my handbag in your restaurant about ten minutes ago.M:What does your handbag look like?W:It's a new brown leather case. I bought it just two days ago.2. How old is the man?( ) BA. 19. B. 22. C. 30.[解析] M:I've been taking courses at night for three years now. W:Has it really been that long?I remember that you started going to night school at the age of 19. M:Yes, but it seems like only yesterday that I walked into my first class.W:Time flies when you're busy, doesn't it?3. What do we know about the man?( ) CA. He once went to Italy. B. He owns a restaurant. C. He is skilled at cooking.[解析] W:I was amazed to find that you're an excellent cook.M:I have experience in cooking in an Italian restaurant.4. What does the man suggest the woman do?( ) AA. Check the map. B. Ask the conductor. C. Get off immediately.[解析] W:Do you know if this train stops at the Carlisle Street stop?M:There's a route map over there by the door.5. What are the speakers talking about?( ) CA. Cleaning teeth. B. Tooth problems. C. Seeing the dentist.[解析] M:Must I go to the dentist, Mom?W:Yes. People should see the dentist regularly, clean their teeth and have them checked every six months.M:But my teeth never hurt.W:Pain only happens when it has already been left too long.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。6. Why did the woman move?( ) AA. To live in a bigger house.B. To live closer to her office.C. To live with nice neighbors.7. How did the woman usually go to work?( ) BA. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus.[解析] M:I heard you moved into a new house. Is that right?W:Yes, actually, I didn't want to move. The old one is much closer to my office and we got on well with our neighbors. ⑥But we had to as our children are growing up and they need their own space. M:So that's why we often see you drive to work. Did you use to drive or walk to work?W:⑦Usually I walk, and sometimes I take a bus.听第7段材料, 回答第8、9 题。8. How long did James run his business?( ) CA. 10 years. B. 13 years. C. 15 years.9. How does the woman feel about James' situation?( ) AA. Concerned. B. Embarrassed. C. Disappointed.[解析] W:Did you know James went out of business?M:Really?When was that?W:Last month.M:That's too bad. ⑧He had owned that business for 15 years. What happened?W:I don't know. ⑨But life must be pretty tough for his family now. His sons are still so young. One is 13 and the other is 10. M:Well, maybe things are not as bad as they seem to be.W:I hope so.听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。10. What are the man and the woman talking about?( ) CA. Their friends.B. A time for having fun.C. A place mainly for drinking.11. For how many hours is a pub usually open?( ) BA. 3 or 6 hours at lunchtime.B. It depends on the owner. C. Four to eight hours a day.12. Who is not allowed to go into a pub in England?( ) BA. Young people. B. Children under 14. C. Students.[解析] M:⑩What are pubs?W:Pubs in England are friendly and warm places where you can have a drink and usually a simple meal.M:What kind of drinks do people get?W:You can get wine in most pubs. Many also serve coffee. You go to the counter to order and pay for your drink.M:When do people go to the pubs?W:⑪Pubs are not open all day. They can decide when to open. Most open for 3 or 4 hours at lunchtime and again from about 6:00 pm-11:00 pm. In busy areas, pubs may stay open from 11:00 am-11:00 pm. Are there pubs in China?M:Yes. Most of the goers are young people. They like to stay with their friends after work and have an enjoyable time.W:⑫It is against the law in England to go into a pub if you are under the age of 14. So many pubs provide a special room for children.听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?( ) BA. Running. B. Cave-exploring. C. Hiking.14. What else does the Society do besides exploring caves?( ) AA. Clean up caves.B. Teach people about rocks.C. Rescue people trapped in mountains.15. Why doesn't the woman like cave-exploring?( ) A. She is too tired.B. She thinks it's too easy.C. She doesn't like the environment in caves.C16. What does the man invite the woman to do?( ) A. Attend a meeting. B. Join in a party. C. Do some cleaning.[解析] M:Guess what—⑬I joined the Cave-exploring Society last month. W:Seriously?Don't cave-explorers go down into caves?I thought you were only interested in mountain climbing!M:I do like to climb, but you know, the two sports have a lot in common. I'll give you an example:The same technique for climbing down steep rocks is used in both sports. Of course, climbers use this technique to come down hills, while cave-explorers use it to go down holes.W:What else does your society do?AM:For one thing, we help preserve caves. Believe it or not, some people are so careless that they just leave their litter in caves. And some people even write on cave walls. ⑭So we pick up litter and clean away the drawings on the wall. W:⑮I don't think I'd like cave-exploring very much. Caves are wet and cold and dark, aren't they?M:I suppose they are, but they can also be beautiful. Tell you what, ⑯why don't you come along with me to the meeting tonight? They'll be showing pictures that we took in a cave last weekend. You'll see some unbelievable rocks. It might change the way you think about caves.听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。17. Who does the speaker probably call?( ) CA. Her classmates who need help.B. Teachers who will attend the contest.C. Leaders who are in charge of the contest.18. What's the speaker's purpose in making the call?( ) BA. To invite Ms Wells to her soccer games.B. To show Ms Wells should be the winner.C. To tell the headmaster to change her teacher.19. How many Ms Wells' advantages does the speaker list?( ) A. Four. B. Three. C. Two.B20. Where is Ms Wells usually during her lunchtime according to the speaker?( ) A. In her room. B. At the restaurant. C. In the playground.[解析] W:⑰I'm calling you about the Teacher-Who-Made-a-Difference contest. ⑱I think Ms Wells should be the winner of the contest. Ms Wells has done so much for all of her students;this is the least I can do for her. ⑲First of all, Ms Wells is helpful. She's willing to help anyone in the classroom who needs help. My teacher always helps us with worksheets. ⑲In addition, Ms Wells is a kind person. Not only is she kind to kids, but she's also kind to other teachers and parents. She is always thoughtful and considerate. ⑲Lastly, Ms Wells devotes her time to kids. ⑳She devotes her lunchtime to Student Council, which meets in her room. Last fall, MsAWells promised me that she would come to one of my soccer games. Guess what?She did, even though she had a lot of school stuff to do and had to leave for Chicago. In conclusion, I think Ms Wells should be the winner of the contest. I know you will agree with me that Ms Wells is a teacher who made a difference. She's the best!第二部分 阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A72 hours in Beijing Traveling to China is no longer a luxury for many foreign passport holders. The Chinese government has permitted a 72-hour visa-free policy that offers access to visitors from 53 countries including the US, France and Austria. Let's start with the capital of China, Beijing. Here's a pick of the best in Beijing! Mutianyu Great Wall Your trip to Beijing isn't really complete without seeing one of the “New Seven Wonders of the World”, the Great Wall of China. The Mutianyu section of the Great Wall is by far the most well-preserved of all. Taking a one-hour bus ride, Mutianyu would be your ideal location for a half-day of hiking away from the large crowds in the city. Also, the authorities have allowed tourists to paint graffiti on a specific section of the Great Wall since 2014. The Great Wall was designated（把……定名为） a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987. Summer Palace Located in northwestern Beijing, the Summer Palace is by far the city's most well-preserved royal park. With its huge lake and hilltop views, the palace offersyou a pastoral escape into the landscape of traditional Chinese paintings. The Summer Palace was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1998. 798 Art Zone This would be on the top of my list! Named after the 798 factory that was built in the 1950s, the art zone is home to various galleries, design studios, art exhibition spaces, fashionable shops and bars. You could easily spend half your day wandering around the complex, feeling the contrast of the present and the past. Sichuan Provincial Restaurant While in Beijing, apart from trying the city's best-known Peking duck, the Sichuan provincial restaurant is one of places where you can enjoy regional delicious food. It offers one of China's eight great cuisines, Sichuan Cuisine, which ranges from Mapo tofu to spicy chicken. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国政府允许无签证的外籍游客可以在中国停留72小时, 在这72小时内, 他们不容错过的北京四个旅游目的地。21. How does the author describe Mutianyu Great Wall?( ) CA. Tourists need a half day to arrive there.B. Tourists are allowed to paint graffiti anywhere.C. It is the most well-maintained part of the Great Wall.D. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site 20 years ago.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段可知, 如果你没有看到“世界新七大奇迹”之一的中国长城, 你的北京之旅就不算真正完整。到目前为止, 慕田峪长城是所有长城中保存最完好的。22. Where would you go first if you were the author?( ) CA. Mutianyu Great Wall. B. Summer Palace.C. 798 Art Zone. D. Sichuan Provincial Restaurant.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This would be on the top of my list!”可知, 如果你是作者, 那798 Art Zone会是旅游清单中的第一个目的地。23. Who is the text intended for?( ) BA. The tourists who prefer to travel for free.B. The foreigners to stay in Beijing for 3 days.C. The visitors coming from every corner of China.D. The foreigners coming to Beijing for the first time.[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 本文先说明中国政府批准72小时免签政策, 允许国外游客入境, 接着引出北京最好的旅游目的地的介绍, 由此推知本文的目标群体是在北京待3天的外国人。B (2022·山东济宁期中) Everglades National Park is located in the state of Florida. It is the largest wilderness in the entire country and makes up 25% of the wetlands in the state. The Everglades is home to several rare and endangered species. It is also the third largest national park in the US, after Death Valley National Park and Yellowstone National Park. Each year, about 1 million tourists visit the park. On a global level, it has been announced as a World Heritage Site. Unlike most other national parks, Everglades National Park was created to protect an ecosystem（生态系统） from being damaged. In 1947, President HarryTruman spoke at the official opening of Everglades National Park, saying the goal of creating the park was to protect forever a wild area that could never be replaced. 10, 000 different islands make up Everglades National Park. There exists natural wildlife on each of these islands. The Everglades is home to about 30 species that are endangered. In addition, more than 350 bird species and 300 species of fresh and saltwater fish live within the park. The Everglades is also home to 40 species of mammals（哺乳动物）. There are many ways to explore the Everglades. Visitors can see alligators（短吻鳄） while hiking the Anhinga Trail. The Everglades is one of the few places on Earth where freshwater alligators and saltwater crocodiles live in the same area. Visitors using airboats are likely to see large groups of birds. Some visitors might enjoy riding bicycles through Shark Valley. Others may want to move slowly through the water where they can see insects and wildlife closely. According to experts, changes to the Everglades are becoming a danger to several different kinds of wildlife. They say it is a result of actions the US government began more than 50 years ago, and settlers began even earlier. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为世界文化遗产之一的位于美国佛罗里达州的大沼泽地国家公园。24. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?( ) DA. Florida is famous for its large wetlands.B. There are three important national parks in the US.C. Visitors think highly of Everglades National Park.D. Everglades National Park is very valuable.[解析] 段落大意题。根据第一段可知, 它是整个国家最大的荒野, 并占据了整个州百分之二十五的湿地。这个大沼泽地是一些珍稀和濒危物种的家园；根据第一段最后一句可知, 它被宣布为世界遗产。因此, 第一段主要从多个角度来突出大沼泽地国家公园的重要性。故选D项。25. How does the author describe the richness of wildness in the park?( ) BA. By giving examples. B. By listing figures.C. By giving a definition. D. By making a comparison.[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段中作者罗列的关于生物种类的数字可知, 作者通过列举数字来描述这个公园野生动物的丰富性。故选B项。26. What can we get from the passage?( ) AA. Visitors can explore the Everglades in many ways.B. Visitors are not allowed to stay in the water in the park.C. President Harry Truman first suggested setting up the park.D. Everglades National Park is the largest national park in the US.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知, 游客有很多方法探索大沼泽地公园。故选A项。27. What will be further discussed if the text is continued?( ) CA. How the endangered wildlife lost their lives.B. What settlers have done to save the wetlands.C. How the park's environment was badly changed.D. What the government has done to protect the park.[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 根据专家的说法, 大沼泽地的变化正对几种野生物种构成威胁。他们说这是50年前美国政府和居民更早的行为的结果。由此可推断, 接下来会进一步讨论公园的环境是如何恶化的。故选C项。C (2022·湖北孝感期中) A couple of weeks ago, my parents came to visit me in the southwest of France during my break. As a little surprise for them, I planned a trip to a small village in the Pyrenees Mountains called Niaux to see the famous “Grotte de Niaux”. My dad told me so many stories about the famous “grottes” of Southern France:Lascaux, Font-de-Gaume and the Cave of Niaux. These caves contain paintings drawn between 17, 000 and 11, 000 years ago!Advances in science and technology have enabled scientists and historians to date the paintings accurately by carbon dating（碳定年法） and discover the tools with which people used to drawthe paintings, as well as the materials they used. My dad studied these caves when he was a college student, but he didn't have the chance to see one personally. Therefore, I decided to change it! Many caves that contain prehistoric paintings are no longer accessible to the public. The carbon dioxide that we breathe out and the harsh artificial lights quickly degrade the quality of the paintings, and for many caves, now visitors can only see reconstructions of the original paintings. However, Niaux is an exception. By limiting the number of people allowed in the cave at a time and limiting the artificial lights used to light the paintings, the paintings in Niaux are well protected so that visitors can see the originals. They are unbelievable!We saw paintings of bison（北美野牛）, mountain goats and deer carved on the walls as though they had been done yesterday. They were actually drawn around 14, 000 years ago! Many people believe that these paintings were drawn as part of an almost religious ritual（仪式）, while others believe they represent the life experiences of the men and women who lived in these caves many years ago. Maybe we will never know for sure why the paintings were drawn, but one thing is for certain—those cavemen were far better at drawing than I am! 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍比利牛斯山脉的“尼奥洞穴”中的壁画。28. Why did the author's father tell him many stories about the “grottes”？( ) CA. The author asked him to do so. B. It was his father's duty.C. His father was interested in them. D. They weren't known to the author.[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段的倒数第二句可知, 作者的爸爸在上大学的时候研究过这些洞穴, 但他没有机会亲眼看到。由此可推断, 作者的爸爸应该是对这些洞穴很感兴趣。故选C项。29. What can visitors only see of the original paintings in many caves?( ) BA. Shadows. B. Copies. C. Models. D. Introductions.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一、二句可知, 游客只能在许多洞穴中看到原始绘画的复制品。故选B项。30. What makes the paintings in Niaux unbelievable?( ) AA. Good protection. B. Great skill. C. Good quality. D. Dark light.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段可知, Niaux的壁画得到了很好的保护, 这样游客就可以看到原作。它们难以置信！因此, 让Niaux的绘画令人难以置信的是它受到了良好的保护。故选A项。31. We can know from the text that ___.DA. this was the second time that the author's father had visited NiauxB. visitors don't know the material used to draw the pictures in NiauxC. only the carbon dioxide people breathe out degraded the quality of the paintingsD. visitors don't know clearly why the paintings were drawn[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 也许我们永远不会知道当时的人为什么画这些画。故选D项。D (2022·湖南长沙一中期中) When you think of the Himalayas, you may picture tall, rocky, snow-covered peaks. But that's not true. The subnival（亚冰雪的） region is the zone between the treeline and the snowline. It is 5 to 15 times as large as the areas of glaciers and permanent snow, which means studying it is vital to understanding the Himalayas as a whole. The treeline is the edge of an ecosystem where trees are able to grow, and beyond the treeline environmental conditions become too tough to allow tree growth. Meanwhile, snowlines are the boundaries on mountains that separate areas withpermanent snow （where snow is present for the majority of the year） from areas with seasonal or no snow. Researchers used satellite data from 1993 to 2018 to measure plant cover between 4, 150 meters and 6, 000 meters above sea level. The scientists discovered that the greatest increase in plant cover was between an altitude of 5, 000 meters and 5, 500 meters. Subnival plants mostly include small shrubs and grass. Even areas once completely occupied by glaciers now hold rocks covered with mosses, lichen, and sometimes even flowers. In addition, the snowline seems to be retreating, while the treeline is expanding. This shows that the region isbecoming warmer, causing more melting of snow and allowing vegetation to move up in height. In the past 40 years, 25% of all Himalayan ice has been lost due to global warming. Himalayan glaciers are reducing by about 0. 5 meters each year. The rate of glacier melting has doubled in this decade. The melting of glaciers increases water in the region, making it wetter. Receding snow also forces the snowline to move up, providing a greater amount of area for the warm and moist conditions, which are perfect for vegetation growth. As of now, we do not know whether vegetation will accelerate or slow down the rate of glacier melting. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发现随着全球气候变化, 喜马拉雅山区的植被都在增加等情况。32. How does the writer develop the third paragraph?( ) AA. By explaining concepts. B. By providing some examples.C. By analyzing causes and effects. D. By listing specific data.[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 本段介绍了林木线以及雪线的概念, 并分别进行了解释。由此可推断, 第三段内容通过做解释展开。故选A项。33. What does the underlined word “retreating” mean in paragraph 5?( ) CA. Disappearing. B. Lengthening. C. Withdrawing. D. Widening.[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“while the treeline is expanding”可知, 林木线正在扩大, while表示对比, 因此说明前面的雪线正在后退。retreat意为“后退”。故选C项。34. What is the direct effect of global warming on the Himalayas?( ) BA. The snowline moves up. B. Glaciers are melting faster.C. The subnival area is wetter. D. Plants grow much better.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第六段第一、二句可知, 在过去的40年里, 由于全球变暖, 25%的喜马拉雅冰川已经消失。喜马拉雅冰川每年减少约0. 5米。由此可知, 气候变暖直接导致喜马拉雅山冰川融化加快。故选B项。35. What does the text mainly talk about?( ) DA. The climate of the Himalayas is changing.B. Icebergs in the Himalayas have disappeared.C. Plants are diverse in the Himalayas.D. Plant life spreads in the Himalayas.[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第四段可知, 科学家们发现, 海拔5 000米到5 500米之间的植被覆盖增加最多；结合文章主要内容可知, 研究人员们发现随着全球气候变暖, 冰川融化, 喜马拉雅山区的植被都在增加等情况。因此, 本文主要讲述植物在喜马拉雅山蔓延这一情况。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Taj Mahal Shah Jahan finished building the Taj Mahal in 1648. He was a rich and powerful emperor, and he built the Taj Mahal as a memorial for his wife. 36. . The word “Taj” means crown, and “Mahal” was the name of his wife. Twenty thousand people worked for 18 years to complete this beautiful domed building. A thousand elephants carried huge stones and jewels from all over India and central Asia to the Taj. Shah Jahan wanted this memorial to be a burial place for himself and his wife.A The Taj Mahal is on the Yamuna River in Agra in northern India. 37. . Its picture is in most travel books and brochures. It is open daily from sunrise to sunset. For about fifteen rupees （or about ＄0. 33）, anyone can enter this peaceful and quiet place. As you enter, you pass through beautiful, silent gardens. From the gardens, you cross a wide courtyard. Suddenly, you see the dome of the main building through a tall, red sandstone gate. At daybreak, the Taj Mahal's white walls turn rose. At noon, they blaze white. At dusk, they become dark grey. 38. . After you pass through the gate, you step onto a wide stone platform. You look over another garden with pools. Everything is arranged carefully in fours. 39. . FEBThe garden is divided into four parts. There are straight rows of colorful flowers and trees in each of the parts. At the four corners of the Taj Mahal, there are pointed tall towers. After the gardens, you go down stone steps towards the main building with the tomb and the graves of Shah Jahan and his wife. After hundreds of years, the Taj Mahal remains a lovely and peaceful place. 40. .A.It was a monument of love.B.Four is a special number in the Moslem religion.C.Many people want to visit the Taj Mahal someday.D.This beautiful building is truly a jewel for all people.E.The Taj Mahal is most beautiful by the light of the full moon.F.To many people around the world, the Taj Mahal is a symbol of India.G.From the cool, dark gates, the Taj Mahal seems to float between earth and sky.D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名古迹泰姬陵的背景、构造及布局。36. ___A[解析] 根据上文可知, 沙·贾汗为了纪念他的妻子才修建的泰姬陵, 下文介绍“Mahal”是他妻子的名字。可见泰姬陵是一座爱情的纪念碑。故选A项。37. ___F[解析] 上文提到泰姬陵的地理位置, 下文则讲到泰姬陵的照片遍布绝大部分旅游用书和小册子。因此, 泰姬陵闻名于世, 即对世界上许多人来说, 泰姬陵是印度的标志。故选F项。38. ___E[解析] 空前讲到泰姬陵的白墙随着一天从早到晚进行颜色变化, 根据时间顺序, 本句应当是晚上泰姬陵的特点, 即泰姬陵在满月光线的照耀下最好看。故选E项。39. ___B[解析] 根据上文可知, 所有东西都精心地被安排成四份；根据下文可知, 花园分为四个部分。由此可推断, 本句进一步解释为什么要分成四份, 即“4在伊斯兰教是个特殊的数字”。故选B项。40. ___D[解析] 根据上文可知, 数百年过去了, 泰姬陵仍然是一个可爱而宁静的地方。该空处于最后一段起总结作用, 此处应指这个美丽的建筑真是人类的瑰宝。故选D项。第三部分 语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One girl is being praised for a letter of apology she wrote to the rangers（园林管理员） at the National Parks Service （NPS）. She reportedly . .41. . a rock home. In expressing her . .42. ., the girl also returned the rock to the park. Later the NPS shared the letter on their Meta page. “Dear Park Ranger, I. .43. . like Tom Branch Falls, ” the girl, named Karina, began her letter. “I love it so much that I . .44. . to take a souvenir home. ” “So I took a rock. I'm. .45. ., and I want to return it, ” she said. The heartfelt letter . .46. . with a postscript（附言） of “also look at the back”—where the girl . .47. . a picture of Tom Branch Falls. . .48. . for Karina, the park rangers were . .49. . by her sincere apology and even . .50. . back. “Dear Karina, thank you for returning the rock!It has made its way back to Tom Branch Falls. If every. .51. . took a rock home, that would . .52. . 11 million rocks would be gone from the park every year, ” the park officials wrote in their Meta post. “Now that you know to leave. .53. . the way you find it, we hope you will help share this . .54. . with others, ” the officials wrote. “It is always a . .55. . thing to give others the chance to discover something meaningful!” 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。一个女孩因为喜欢汤姆·布兰奇瀑布, 所以从公园带了一块岩石回家, 后来感到后悔, 归还了岩石, 并写信向园林管理员道歉, 园林管理员被她感动并给她回信, 希望她向更多人传递保护自然景观的信息。41. ( ) A. sent B. took C. bought D. hidB[解析] 根据第三段中的“So I took a rock. ”可知, 女孩带了一块岩石回家。故选B项。42. ( ) A. regret B. sadness C. happiness D. surpriseA[解析] 根据本句中的“the girl also returned the rock to the park”可知, 女孩把岩石送回了公园, 由此可知, 她后悔把岩石带回家了, 因此写信表达了自己的后悔。故选A项。43. ( ) A. partly B. finally C. especially D. simplyC[解析] 根据下文“I love it so much that I 44 to take a souvenir home. ”和“So I took a rock. ”可知, 女孩太喜欢汤姆·布兰奇瀑布了, 以至于她带了一块岩石回家。由此可知, 女孩特别喜欢汤姆·布兰奇瀑布。故选C项。44. ( ) A. wanted B. feared C. asked D. agreedA[解析] 根据下文“So I took a rock. ”可知, 女孩是想要带个纪念品回家, 所以带了一块岩石回家。故选A项。45. ( ) A. tired B. afraid C. sorry D. upsetC[解析] 根据本句中的“I want to return it”可知, 女孩想把岩石还回来, 由此可知, 她对自己的行为感到抱歉, 在信中向园林管理员道歉。故选C项。46. ( ) A. changed B. developed C. arrived D. endedD[解析] 根据本句中的“a postscript”可知, 附言应该是放在信末的, 故应是以“也看看后面”的附言结尾。故选D项。47. ( ) A. cut B. drew C. hung D. foundB[解析] 根据空格后的“a picture of Tom Branch Falls”可知, 女孩应该是在信的后面画了一张汤姆·布兰奇瀑布的图片。故选B项。48. ( ) A. Lucky B. Necessary C. Easy D. PossibleA[解析] 根据下文“Dear Karina, thank you for returning the rock!”可知, 园林管理员原谅了卡丽娜并给她回信了, 由此可知, 卡丽娜是幸运的。故选A项。49. ( ) A. shocked B. excited C. puzzled D. movedD[解析] 根据下文可知, 园林管理员原谅了卡丽娜并给她回信了, 由此可知, 他们被她真诚的道歉感动了。故选D项。50. ( ) A. thought B. wrote C. called D. heldB[解析] 根据下文可知, 园林管理员给卡丽娜回信了。故选B项。51. ( ) A. child B. visitor C. farmer D. studentB[解析] 根据句中的“11 million rocks would be gone from the park every year”可知, 应该是公园每年的游客数量为大约1 100万。由此可知, 此处应该是指如果每位游客都带着一块岩石回家, 不仅限于儿童、农民或学生。故选B项。52. ( ) A. show B. prove C. mean D. explainC[解析] 根据本句中的“If every 51 took a rock home”可知, 公园每年的游客数量很多, 如果每位游客都带着一块岩石回家, 意味着每年会有1 100万块岩石从公园里消失。故选C项。53. ( ) A. life B. time C. space D. natureD[解析] 根据上文内容可知, 女孩拿走的岩石属于汤姆·布兰奇瀑布, 由此可知, 女孩把岩石还了回来, 证明她知道要让大自然保持原样, 不要因为自己的利益而破坏它。故选D项。54. ( ) A. message B. promise C. excuse D. exampleA[解析] 根据本句中的“you know to leave 53 the way you find it”可知, 管理员们希望女孩能够和别人分享“让大自然保持原样”这个信息, 呼吁人们不要因为自己的喜好破坏公园里的自然景观。故选A项。55. ( ) A. hard B. secret C. strange D. greatD[解析] 根据本句中的“give others the chance to discover something meaningful”可知, 让别人有机会发现有意义的事情应该是一件好事, 呼应了上文管理员让女孩与别人分享保护公园自然景观这件事。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2022·河南焦作开学考试) The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces（梯田）, in southern Yunnan, China, cover a huge 16, 603-hectare area. The terraces, 56. _______（know） to all of the world now, were made out of a thick forest by the Hani people. The terraces rise at different angles from a shallow 15° 57. ___ a steep 75°, forming a wonderful landscape that 58. ___（be） rare in the world. In 2003, the terraced fields were 59. _________（official） recognized by UNESCO as a World Cultural and Natural Heritage site. About 1, 300 years ago, knowntoisofficiallythe Hani people first 60. ______（come） to the steep mountains. They struggled against the difficult terrain（地形）, successfully creating the terraces, where they grew rice in order to make 61. _____（they） living. Over the past 1, 300 years, the Hani people have developed a complex system of channels 62. ________（bring） water from the forested mountaintops. They show great appreciation for natural phenomena, such as rivers, mountains, the sun, fire 63. _____ the moon. They have also created a complete farming system 64. __________ involves cattle, ducks, and fish and supports the 65. __________（produce） of red rice, the area's main crop. The landscape changes through the year. In April the terraces are all green as rice starts to grow;in later parts of the year they are yellowish brown as the rice ripens. In February, the terraces become bare earth, with the water reflecting（反射） the sky.cametheirto bringandwhich/thatproduction 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被联合国教科文组织认定为世界文化和自然遗产的红河哈尼梯田的总体情况、悠久历史和重要作用。56. _______known[解析] 考查非谓语动词。被修饰词The terraces和动词know之间是被动关系, 用过去分词作定语, 故填known。57. ___to[解析] 考查介词。from. . . to. . . 意为“从……到……”。故填to。58. ___is[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实, 用一般现在时, 先行词a wonderful landscape为单数, 所以谓语动词应用单数。故填is。59. _________officially[解析] 考查副词。应用副词修饰动词recognized。故填officially。60. ______came[解析] 考查动词时态。根据时间状语About 1, 300 years ago可知, 此处应用一般过去时。故填came。61. _____their[解析] 考查代词。固定搭配make one's living意为“谋生”。故填their。62. ________to bring[解析] 考查动词不定式。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to bring。63. _____and[解析] 考查连词。the moon和rivers, mountains, the sun, fire是并列关系。故填and。64. __________which/that[解析] 考查定语从句。先行词a complete farming system指物, 关系词在定语从句中作主语, 所以用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。65. __________production[解析] 考查名词。空处作supports的宾语且由the修饰, 故应用名词, 指红米的生产。故填production。第四部分 写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分） 随着经济的发展, 越来越多的遗产地遭到破坏。假如你是李华, 请给China Daily写一封信, 呼吁保护遗产地。内容包括： 1. 遗产地的重要性；2. 遗产地现状；3. 保护措施。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 Dear Editor,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua参考范文DearEditor,. . Heritage sites, which we should treat with respect/in awe, offer us important resources to study ancient civilizations. The more we learn about them, the more they give us insights into the wisdom of our ancestors. Nowadays, however, many heritage sites are still in urgent need of preservation with some severely damaged and some even destroyed. Therefore, preserving them is at the top of the agenda although heritage sites preservation has made great progress. Not only should people enhance awareness of protecting heritage sites, but also the government should make policies. With our concerted efforts, we'll surely witness a satisfying outcome. Yours,. . Li Hua第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was studying for a huge science test when my little brother and sister burst into the kitchen, singing at the top of their lungs: Squirrels in the garden, Squirrels in the tree, I'm a happy squirrel, Look at me. . . Then, just as soon as they finished, they started singing all over again. “Wow! That's a pretty catchy song, ” I said after the third time around. But I asked them to stop singing as I was trying to study. “Sorry, Zona, ” said Indi. “But we really do need to keep singing it. Our music teacher said so!” “Yeah, ” said Tex. “Our class is putting on a squirrel play for Parents' Night, and we have to memorize every single word by Friday!” Indi added that they had to make their own tails and ears and dumped out a bag full of furry costume parts. “Can you help us?” “Maybe in a little while, ” I said. “Right now, I need to read my book. ” Tex and Indi sang that song while they were making their costumes, while they were doing their chores, and even while they were brushing their teeth! Since Tex and Indi squeaked（吱吱叫） and sang every day that week, I wasn't as prepared as I wanted to be for my test on Friday. And in the middle oftaking my test, the squirrel song started playing over and over in my head. It was almost impossible for me to focus on the last few questions. When I got home that afternoon, all I wanted to do was collapse on the couch. The only thing was, Tex and Indi had beaten me to it. “Can you please let me sit too?” I grumbled. “I had a rotten day!” “We had a rotten day too!” said Tex. “Yeah, ” said Indi. “A bunch of kids in our class got sick, so tonight's play is canceled!” We were just three miserable lumps sitting in silence for a really long time. Even though I had been complaining about their singing, it broke my heart to see them disappointed. They had been so excited about the show. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 I said after a while, “I can't let all of your practicing go to waste. ” _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After everything was ready, I arranged for our parents to attend the performance._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文 I said after a while, “I can't let all of your practicing go to waste. ” “We don't want to waste it, either, but what can we do?” Indi asked helplessly. “We can hold the Parents' Night by ourselves that can be arranged in our own house. ” Hearing my words, Tex and Indi jumped up from the couch excitedly with eyes flashing. “Yes, Zona, you're right. We can put on the squirrel play for our parents who can be our audience! I believe they will like it!” Indi agreed, turning around cheerfully. In the next few hours, we began to make preparations respectively. After everything was ready, I arranged for our parents to attend the performance.. . As the lights went up, two cute little squirrels scampered into themiddle of the stage. “Squirrels in the garden, Squirrels in the tree, I'm a happy squirrel, Look at me. . . ” Then, just as soon as they finished, they started singing all over again. While singing at the top of their lungs, Tex and Indi put on a vivid and perfect performance. As the music stopped, our parents stood up in excitement and kept clapping loudly. “What a wonderful performance! You're so great!” Mom praised. “Zona helped us, Mom. It was our joint effort that made us do it, ” Indi said, holding my hand happily. What a pleasant night!
Unit 4 单元测评（时间：120分钟 满分：150分）第一部分 听力（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where does the conversation take place?( ) BA. In a shop. B. In a restaurant. C. In a police station.[解析] M:What can I do for you, madam?W:I left my handbag in your restaurant about ten minutes ago.M:What does your handbag look like?W:It's a new brown leather case. I bought it just two days ago.2. How old is the man?( ) BA. 19. B. 22. C. 30.[解析] M:I've been taking courses at night for three years now. W:Has it really been that long?I remember that you started going to night school at the age of 19. M:Yes, but it seems like only yesterday that I walked into my first class.W:Time flies when you're busy, doesn't it?3. What do we know about the man?( ) CA. He once went to Italy. B. He owns a restaurant. C. He is skilled at cooking.[解析] W:I was amazed to find that you're an excellent cook.M:I have experience in cooking in an Italian restaurant.4. What does the man suggest the woman do?( ) AA. Check the map. B. Ask the conductor. C. Get off immediately.[解析] W:Do you know if this train stops at the Carlisle Street stop?M:There's a route map over there by the door.5. What are the speakers talking about?( ) CA. Cleaning teeth. B. Tooth problems. C. Seeing the dentist.[解析] M:Must I go to the dentist, Mom?W:Yes. People should see the dentist regularly, clean their teeth and have them checked every six months.M:But my teeth never hurt.W:Pain only happens when it has already been left too long.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。6. Why did the woman move?( ) AA. To live in a bigger house.B. To live closer to her office.C. To live with nice neighbors.7. How did the woman usually go to work?( ) BA. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus.[解析] M:I heard you moved into a new house. Is that right?W:Yes, actually, I didn't want to move. The old one is much closer to my office and we got on well with our neighbors. ⑥But we had to as our children are growing up and they need their own space. M:So that's why we often see you drive to work. Did you use to drive or walk to work?W:⑦Usually I walk, and sometimes I take a bus.听第7段材料, 回答第8、9 题。8. How long did James run his business?( ) CA. 10 years. B. 13 years. C. 15 years.9. How does the woman feel about James' situation?( ) AA. Concerned. B. Embarrassed. C. Disappointed.[解析] W:Did you know James went out of business?M:Really?When was that?W:Last month.M:That's too bad. ⑧He had owned that business for 15 years. What happened?W:I don't know. ⑨But life must be pretty tough for his family now. His sons are still so young. One is 13 and the other is 10. M:Well, maybe things are not as bad as they seem to be.W:I hope so.听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。10. What are the man and the woman talking about?( ) CA. Their friends.B. A time for having fun.C. A place mainly for drinking.11. For how many hours is a pub usually open?( ) BA. 3 or 6 hours at lunchtime.B. It depends on the owner. C. Four to eight hours a day.12. Who is not allowed to go into a pub in England?( ) BA. Young people. B. Children under 14. C. Students.[解析] M:⑩What are pubs?W:Pubs in England are friendly and warm places where you can have a drink and usually a simple meal.M:What kind of drinks do people get?W:You can get wine in most pubs. Many also serve coffee. You go to the counter to order and pay for your drink.M:When do people go to the pubs?W:⑪Pubs are not open all day. They can decide when to open. Most open for 3 or 4 hours at lunchtime and again from about 6:00 pm-11:00 pm. In busy areas, pubs may stay open from 11:00 am-11:00 pm. Are there pubs in China?M:Yes. Most of the goers are young people. They like to stay with their friends after work and have an enjoyable time.W:⑫It is against the law in England to go into a pub if you are under the age of 14. So many pubs provide a special room for children.听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?( ) BA. Running. B. Cave-exploring. C. Hiking.14. What else does the Society do besides exploring caves?( ) AA. Clean up caves.B. Teach people about rocks.C. Rescue people trapped in mountains.15. Why doesn't the woman like cave-exploring?( ) A. She is too tired.B. She thinks it's too easy.C. She doesn't like the environment in caves.C16. What does the man invite the woman to do?( ) A. Attend a meeting. B. Join in a party. C. Do some cleaning.[解析] M:Guess what—⑬I joined the Cave-exploring Society last month. W:Seriously?Don't cave-explorers go down into caves?I thought you were only interested in mountain climbing!M:I do like to climb, but you know, the two sports have a lot in common. I'll give you an example:The same technique for climbing down steep rocks is used in both sports. Of course, climbers use this technique to come down hills, while cave-explorers use it to go down holes.W:What else does your society do?AM:For one thing, we help preserve caves. Believe it or not, some people are so careless that they just leave their litter in caves. And some people even write on cave walls. ⑭So we pick up litter and clean away the drawings on the wall. W:⑮I don't think I'd like cave-exploring very much. Caves are wet and cold and dark, aren't they?M:I suppose they are, but they can also be beautiful. Tell you what, ⑯why don't you come along with me to the meeting tonight? They'll be showing pictures that we took in a cave last weekend. You'll see some unbelievable rocks. It might change the way you think about caves.听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。17. Who does the speaker probably call?( ) CA. Her classmates who need help.B. Teachers who will attend the contest.C. Leaders who are in charge of the contest.18. What's the speaker's purpose in making the call?( ) BA. To invite Ms Wells to her soccer games.B. To show Ms Wells should be the winner.C. To tell the headmaster to change her teacher.19. How many Ms Wells' advantages does the speaker list?( ) A. Four. B. Three. C. Two.B20. Where is Ms Wells usually during her lunchtime according to the speaker?( ) A. In her room. B. At the restaurant. C. In the playground.[解析] W:⑰I'm calling you about the Teacher-Who-Made-a-Difference contest. ⑱I think Ms Wells should be the winner of the contest. Ms Wells has done so much for all of her students;this is the least I can do for her. ⑲First of all, Ms Wells is helpful. She's willing to help anyone in the classroom who needs help. My teacher always helps us with worksheets. ⑲In addition, Ms Wells is a kind person. Not only is she kind to kids, but she's also kind to other teachers and parents. She is always thoughtful and considerate. ⑲Lastly, Ms Wells devotes her time to kids. ⑳She devotes her lunchtime to Student Council, which meets in her room. Last fall, MsAWells promised me that she would come to one of my soccer games. Guess what?She did, even though she had a lot of school stuff to do and had to leave for Chicago. In conclusion, I think Ms Wells should be the winner of the contest. I know you will agree with me that Ms Wells is a teacher who made a difference. She's the best!第二部分 阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A72 hours in Beijing Traveling to China is no longer a luxury for many foreign passport holders. The Chinese government has permitted a 72-hour visa-free policy that offers access to visitors from 53 countries including the US, France and Austria. Let's start with the capital of China, Beijing. Here's a pick of the best in Beijing! Mutianyu Great Wall Your trip to Beijing isn't really complete without seeing one of the “New Seven Wonders of the World”, the Great Wall of China. The Mutianyu section of the Great Wall is by far the most well-preserved of all. Taking a one-hour bus ride, Mutianyu would be your ideal location for a half-day of hiking away from the large crowds in the city. Also, the authorities have allowed tourists to paint graffiti on a specific section of the Great Wall since 2014. The Great Wall was designated（把……定名为） a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987. Summer Palace Located in northwestern Beijing, the Summer Palace is by far the city's most well-preserved royal park. With its huge lake and hilltop views, the palace offersyou a pastoral escape into the landscape of traditional Chinese paintings. The Summer Palace was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1998. 798 Art Zone This would be on the top of my list! Named after the 798 factory that was built in the 1950s, the art zone is home to various galleries, design studios, art exhibition spaces, fashionable shops and bars. You could easily spend half your day wandering around the complex, feeling the contrast of the present and the past. Sichuan Provincial Restaurant While in Beijing, apart from trying the city's best-known Peking duck, the Sichuan provincial restaurant is one of places where you can enjoy regional delicious food. It offers one of China's eight great cuisines, Sichuan Cuisine, which ranges from Mapo tofu to spicy chicken. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国政府允许无签证的外籍游客可以在中国停留72小时, 在这72小时内, 他们不容错过的北京四个旅游目的地。21. How does the author describe Mutianyu Great Wall?( ) CA. Tourists need a half day to arrive there.B. Tourists are allowed to paint graffiti anywhere.C. It is the most well-maintained part of the Great Wall.D. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage site 20 years ago.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段可知, 如果你没有看到“世界新七大奇迹”之一的中国长城, 你的北京之旅就不算真正完整。到目前为止, 慕田峪长城是所有长城中保存最完好的。22. Where would you go first if you were the author?( ) CA. Mutianyu Great Wall. B. Summer Palace.C. 798 Art Zone. D. Sichuan Provincial Restaurant.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This would be on the top of my list!”可知, 如果你是作者, 那798 Art Zone会是旅游清单中的第一个目的地。23. Who is the text intended for?( ) BA. The tourists who prefer to travel for free.B. The foreigners to stay in Beijing for 3 days.C. The visitors coming from every corner of China.D. The foreigners coming to Beijing for the first time.[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 本文先说明中国政府批准72小时免签政策, 允许国外游客入境, 接着引出北京最好的旅游目的地的介绍, 由此推知本文的目标群体是在北京待3天的外国人。B (2022·山东济宁期中) Everglades National Park is located in the state of Florida. It is the largest wilderness in the entire country and makes up 25% of the wetlands in the state. The Everglades is home to several rare and endangered species. It is also the third largest national park in the US, after Death Valley National Park and Yellowstone National Park. Each year, about 1 million tourists visit the park. On a global level, it has been announced as a World Heritage Site. Unlike most other national parks, Everglades National Park was created to protect an ecosystem（生态系统） from being damaged. In 1947, President HarryTruman spoke at the official opening of Everglades National Park, saying the goal of creating the park was to protect forever a wild area that could never be replaced. 10, 000 different islands make up Everglades National Park. There exists natural wildlife on each of these islands. The Everglades is home to about 30 species that are endangered. In addition, more than 350 bird species and 300 species of fresh and saltwater fish live within the park. The Everglades is also home to 40 species of mammals（哺乳动物）. There are many ways to explore the Everglades. Visitors can see alligators（短吻鳄） while hiking the Anhinga Trail. The Everglades is one of the few places on Earth where freshwater alligators and saltwater crocodiles live in the same area. Visitors using airboats are likely to see large groups of birds. Some visitors might enjoy riding bicycles through Shark Valley. Others may want to move slowly through the water where they can see insects and wildlife closely. According to experts, changes to the Everglades are becoming a danger to several different kinds of wildlife. They say it is a result of actions the US government began more than 50 years ago, and settlers began even earlier. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为世界文化遗产之一的位于美国佛罗里达州的大沼泽地国家公园。24. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?( ) DA. Florida is famous for its large wetlands.B. There are three important national parks in the US.C. Visitors think highly of Everglades National Park.D. Everglades National Park is very valuable.[解析] 段落大意题。根据第一段可知, 它是整个国家最大的荒野, 并占据了整个州百分之二十五的湿地。这个大沼泽地是一些珍稀和濒危物种的家园；根据第一段最后一句可知, 它被宣布为世界遗产。因此, 第一段主要从多个角度来突出大沼泽地国家公园的重要性。故选D项。25. How does the author describe the richness of wildness in the park?( ) BA. By giving examples. B. By listing figures.C. By giving a definition. D. By making a comparison.[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段中作者罗列的关于生物种类的数字可知, 作者通过列举数字来描述这个公园野生动物的丰富性。故选B项。26. What can we get from the passage?( ) AA. Visitors can explore the Everglades in many ways.B. Visitors are not allowed to stay in the water in the park.C. President Harry Truman first suggested setting up the park.D. Everglades National Park is the largest national park in the US.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知, 游客有很多方法探索大沼泽地公园。故选A项。27. What will be further discussed if the text is continued?( ) CA. How the endangered wildlife lost their lives.B. What settlers have done to save the wetlands.C. How the park's environment was badly changed.D. What the government has done to protect the park.[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 根据专家的说法, 大沼泽地的变化正对几种野生物种构成威胁。他们说这是50年前美国政府和居民更早的行为的结果。由此可推断, 接下来会进一步讨论公园的环境是如何恶化的。故选C项。C (2022·湖北孝感期中) A couple of weeks ago, my parents came to visit me in the southwest of France during my break. As a little surprise for them, I planned a trip to a small village in the Pyrenees Mountains called Niaux to see the famous “Grotte de Niaux”. My dad told me so many stories about the famous “grottes” of Southern France:Lascaux, Font-de-Gaume and the Cave of Niaux. These caves contain paintings drawn between 17, 000 and 11, 000 years ago!Advances in science and technology have enabled scientists and historians to date the paintings accurately by carbon dating（碳定年法） and discover the tools with which people used to drawthe paintings, as well as the materials they used. My dad studied these caves when he was a college student, but he didn't have the chance to see one personally. Therefore, I decided to change it! Many caves that contain prehistoric paintings are no longer accessible to the public. The carbon dioxide that we breathe out and the harsh artificial lights quickly degrade the quality of the paintings, and for many caves, now visitors can only see reconstructions of the original paintings. However, Niaux is an exception. By limiting the number of people allowed in the cave at a time and limiting the artificial lights used to light the paintings, the paintings in Niaux are well protected so that visitors can see the originals. They are unbelievable!We saw paintings of bison（北美野牛）, mountain goats and deer carved on the walls as though they had been done yesterday. They were actually drawn around 14, 000 years ago! Many people believe that these paintings were drawn as part of an almost religious ritual（仪式）, while others believe they represent the life experiences of the men and women who lived in these caves many years ago. Maybe we will never know for sure why the paintings were drawn, but one thing is for certain—those cavemen were far better at drawing than I am! 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍比利牛斯山脉的“尼奥洞穴”中的壁画。28. Why did the author's father tell him many stories about the “grottes”？( ) CA. The author asked him to do so. B. It was his father's duty.C. His father was interested in them. D. They weren't known to the author.[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段的倒数第二句可知, 作者的爸爸在上大学的时候研究过这些洞穴, 但他没有机会亲眼看到。由此可推断, 作者的爸爸应该是对这些洞穴很感兴趣。故选C项。29. What can visitors only see of the original paintings in many caves?( ) BA. Shadows. B. Copies. C. Models. D. Introductions.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一、二句可知, 游客只能在许多洞穴中看到原始绘画的复制品。故选B项。30. What makes the paintings in Niaux unbelievable?( ) AA. Good protection. B. Great skill. C. Good quality. D. Dark light.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段可知, Niaux的壁画得到了很好的保护, 这样游客就可以看到原作。它们难以置信！因此, 让Niaux的绘画令人难以置信的是它受到了良好的保护。故选A项。31. We can know from the text that ___.DA. this was the second time that the author's father had visited NiauxB. visitors don't know the material used to draw the pictures in NiauxC. only the carbon dioxide people breathe out degraded the quality of the paintingsD. visitors don't know clearly why the paintings were drawn[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 也许我们永远不会知道当时的人为什么画这些画。故选D项。D (2022·湖南长沙一中期中) When you think of the Himalayas, you may picture tall, rocky, snow-covered peaks. But that's not true. The subnival（亚冰雪的） region is the zone between the treeline and the snowline. It is 5 to 15 times as large as the areas of glaciers and permanent snow, which means studying it is vital to understanding the Himalayas as a whole. The treeline is the edge of an ecosystem where trees are able to grow, and beyond the treeline environmental conditions become too tough to allow tree growth. Meanwhile, snowlines are the boundaries on mountains that separate areas withpermanent snow （where snow is present for the majority of the year） from areas with seasonal or no snow. Researchers used satellite data from 1993 to 2018 to measure plant cover between 4, 150 meters and 6, 000 meters above sea level. The scientists discovered that the greatest increase in plant cover was between an altitude of 5, 000 meters and 5, 500 meters. Subnival plants mostly include small shrubs and grass. Even areas once completely occupied by glaciers now hold rocks covered with mosses, lichen, and sometimes even flowers. In addition, the snowline seems to be retreating, while the treeline is expanding. This shows that the region isbecoming warmer, causing more melting of snow and allowing vegetation to move up in height. In the past 40 years, 25% of all Himalayan ice has been lost due to global warming. Himalayan glaciers are reducing by about 0. 5 meters each year. The rate of glacier melting has doubled in this decade. The melting of glaciers increases water in the region, making it wetter. Receding snow also forces the snowline to move up, providing a greater amount of area for the warm and moist conditions, which are perfect for vegetation growth. As of now, we do not know whether vegetation will accelerate or slow down the rate of glacier melting. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发现随着全球气候变化, 喜马拉雅山区的植被都在增加等情况。32. How does the writer develop the third paragraph?( ) AA. By explaining concepts. B. By providing some examples.C. By analyzing causes and effects. D. By listing specific data.[解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 本段介绍了林木线以及雪线的概念, 并分别进行了解释。由此可推断, 第三段内容通过做解释展开。故选A项。33. What does the underlined word “retreating” mean in paragraph 5?( ) CA. Disappearing. B. Lengthening. C. Withdrawing. D. Widening.[解析] 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“while the treeline is expanding”可知, 林木线正在扩大, while表示对比, 因此说明前面的雪线正在后退。retreat意为“后退”。故选C项。34. What is the direct effect of global warming on the Himalayas?( ) BA. The snowline moves up. B. Glaciers are melting faster.C. The subnival area is wetter. D. Plants grow much better.[解析] 细节理解题。根据第六段第一、二句可知, 在过去的40年里, 由于全球变暖, 25%的喜马拉雅冰川已经消失。喜马拉雅冰川每年减少约0. 5米。由此可知, 气候变暖直接导致喜马拉雅山冰川融化加快。故选B项。35. What does the text mainly talk about?( ) DA. The climate of the Himalayas is changing.B. Icebergs in the Himalayas have disappeared.C. Plants are diverse in the Himalayas.D. Plant life spreads in the Himalayas.[解析] 主旨大意题。根据第四段可知, 科学家们发现, 海拔5 000米到5 500米之间的植被覆盖增加最多；结合文章主要内容可知, 研究人员们发现随着全球气候变暖, 冰川融化, 喜马拉雅山区的植被都在增加等情况。因此, 本文主要讲述植物在喜马拉雅山蔓延这一情况。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Taj Mahal Shah Jahan finished building the Taj Mahal in 1648. He was a rich and powerful emperor, and he built the Taj Mahal as a memorial for his wife. 36. . The word “Taj” means crown, and “Mahal” was the name of his wife. Twenty thousand people worked for 18 years to complete this beautiful domed building. A thousand elephants carried huge stones and jewels from all over India and central Asia to the Taj. Shah Jahan wanted this memorial to be a burial place for himself and his wife.A The Taj Mahal is on the Yamuna River in Agra in northern India. 37. . Its picture is in most travel books and brochures. It is open daily from sunrise to sunset. For about fifteen rupees （or about ＄0. 33）, anyone can enter this peaceful and quiet place. As you enter, you pass through beautiful, silent gardens. From the gardens, you cross a wide courtyard. Suddenly, you see the dome of the main building through a tall, red sandstone gate. At daybreak, the Taj Mahal's white walls turn rose. At noon, they blaze white. At dusk, they become dark grey. 38. . After you pass through the gate, you step onto a wide stone platform. You look over another garden with pools. Everything is arranged carefully in fours. 39. . FEBThe garden is divided into four parts. There are straight rows of colorful flowers and trees in each of the parts. At the four corners of the Taj Mahal, there are pointed tall towers. After the gardens, you go down stone steps towards the main building with the tomb and the graves of Shah Jahan and his wife. After hundreds of years, the Taj Mahal remains a lovely and peaceful place. 40. .A.It was a monument of love.B.Four is a special number in the Moslem religion.C.Many people want to visit the Taj Mahal someday.D.This beautiful building is truly a jewel for all people.E.The Taj Mahal is most beautiful by the light of the full moon.F.To many people around the world, the Taj Mahal is a symbol of India.G.From the cool, dark gates, the Taj Mahal seems to float between earth and sky.D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名古迹泰姬陵的背景、构造及布局。36. ___A[解析] 根据上文可知, 沙·贾汗为了纪念他的妻子才修建的泰姬陵, 下文介绍“Mahal”是他妻子的名字。可见泰姬陵是一座爱情的纪念碑。故选A项。37. ___F[解析] 上文提到泰姬陵的地理位置, 下文则讲到泰姬陵的照片遍布绝大部分旅游用书和小册子。因此, 泰姬陵闻名于世, 即对世界上许多人来说, 泰姬陵是印度的标志。故选F项。38. ___E[解析] 空前讲到泰姬陵的白墙随着一天从早到晚进行颜色变化, 根据时间顺序, 本句应当是晚上泰姬陵的特点, 即泰姬陵在满月光线的照耀下最好看。故选E项。39. ___B[解析] 根据上文可知, 所有东西都精心地被安排成四份；根据下文可知, 花园分为四个部分。由此可推断, 本句进一步解释为什么要分成四份, 即“4在伊斯兰教是个特殊的数字”。故选B项。40. ___D[解析] 根据上文可知, 数百年过去了, 泰姬陵仍然是一个可爱而宁静的地方。该空处于最后一段起总结作用, 此处应指这个美丽的建筑真是人类的瑰宝。故选D项。第三部分 语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One girl is being praised for a letter of apology she wrote to the rangers（园林管理员） at the National Parks Service （NPS）. She reportedly . .41. . a rock home. In expressing her . .42. ., the girl also returned the rock to the park. Later the NPS shared the letter on their Meta page. “Dear Park Ranger, I. .43. . like Tom Branch Falls, ” the girl, named Karina, began her letter. “I love it so much that I . .44. . to take a souvenir home. ” “So I took a rock. I'm. .45. ., and I want to return it, ” she said. The heartfelt letter . .46. . with a postscript（附言） of “also look at the back”—where the girl . .47. . a picture of Tom Branch Falls. . .48. . for Karina, the park rangers were . .49. . by her sincere apology and even . .50. . back. “Dear Karina, thank you for returning the rock!It has made its way back to Tom Branch Falls. If every. .51. . took a rock home, that would . .52. . 11 million rocks would be gone from the park every year, ” the park officials wrote in their Meta post. “Now that you know to leave. .53. . the way you find it, we hope you will help share this . .54. . with others, ” the officials wrote. “It is always a . .55. . thing to give others the chance to discover something meaningful!” 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。一个女孩因为喜欢汤姆·布兰奇瀑布, 所以从公园带了一块岩石回家, 后来感到后悔, 归还了岩石, 并写信向园林管理员道歉, 园林管理员被她感动并给她回信, 希望她向更多人传递保护自然景观的信息。41. ( ) A. sent B. took C. bought D. hidB[解析] 根据第三段中的“So I took a rock. ”可知, 女孩带了一块岩石回家。故选B项。42. ( ) A. regret B. sadness C. happiness D. surpriseA[解析] 根据本句中的“the girl also returned the rock to the park”可知, 女孩把岩石送回了公园, 由此可知, 她后悔把岩石带回家了, 因此写信表达了自己的后悔。故选A项。43. ( ) A. partly B. finally C. especially D. simplyC[解析] 根据下文“I love it so much that I 44 to take a souvenir home. ”和“So I took a rock. ”可知, 女孩太喜欢汤姆·布兰奇瀑布了, 以至于她带了一块岩石回家。由此可知, 女孩特别喜欢汤姆·布兰奇瀑布。故选C项。44. ( ) A. wanted B. feared C. asked D. agreedA[解析] 根据下文“So I took a rock. ”可知, 女孩是想要带个纪念品回家, 所以带了一块岩石回家。故选A项。45. ( ) A. tired B. afraid C. sorry D. upsetC[解析] 根据本句中的“I want to return it”可知, 女孩想把岩石还回来, 由此可知, 她对自己的行为感到抱歉, 在信中向园林管理员道歉。故选C项。46. ( ) A. changed B. developed C. arrived D. endedD[解析] 根据本句中的“a postscript”可知, 附言应该是放在信末的, 故应是以“也看看后面”的附言结尾。故选D项。47. ( ) A. cut B. drew C. hung D. foundB[解析] 根据空格后的“a picture of Tom Branch Falls”可知, 女孩应该是在信的后面画了一张汤姆·布兰奇瀑布的图片。故选B项。48. ( ) A. Lucky B. Necessary C. Easy D. PossibleA[解析] 根据下文“Dear Karina, thank you for returning the rock!”可知, 园林管理员原谅了卡丽娜并给她回信了, 由此可知, 卡丽娜是幸运的。故选A项。49. ( ) A. shocked B. excited C. puzzled D. movedD[解析] 根据下文可知, 园林管理员原谅了卡丽娜并给她回信了, 由此可知, 他们被她真诚的道歉感动了。故选D项。50. ( ) A. thought B. wrote C. called D. heldB[解析] 根据下文可知, 园林管理员给卡丽娜回信了。故选B项。51. ( ) A. child B. visitor C. farmer D. studentB[解析] 根据句中的“11 million rocks would be gone from the park every year”可知, 应该是公园每年的游客数量为大约1 100万。由此可知, 此处应该是指如果每位游客都带着一块岩石回家, 不仅限于儿童、农民或学生。故选B项。52. ( ) A. show B. prove C. mean D. explainC[解析] 根据本句中的“If every 51 took a rock home”可知, 公园每年的游客数量很多, 如果每位游客都带着一块岩石回家, 意味着每年会有1 100万块岩石从公园里消失。故选C项。53. ( ) A. life B. time C. space D. natureD[解析] 根据上文内容可知, 女孩拿走的岩石属于汤姆·布兰奇瀑布, 由此可知, 女孩把岩石还了回来, 证明她知道要让大自然保持原样, 不要因为自己的利益而破坏它。故选D项。54. ( ) A. message B. promise C. excuse D. exampleA[解析] 根据本句中的“you know to leave 53 the way you find it”可知, 管理员们希望女孩能够和别人分享“让大自然保持原样”这个信息, 呼吁人们不要因为自己的喜好破坏公园里的自然景观。故选A项。55. ( ) A. hard B. secret C. strange D. greatD[解析] 根据本句中的“give others the chance to discover something meaningful”可知, 让别人有机会发现有意义的事情应该是一件好事, 呼应了上文管理员让女孩与别人分享保护公园自然景观这件事。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2022·河南焦作开学考试) The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces（梯田）, in southern Yunnan, China, cover a huge 16, 603-hectare area. The terraces, 56. _______（know） to all of the world now, were made out of a thick forest by the Hani people. The terraces rise at different angles from a shallow 15° 57. ___ a steep 75°, forming a wonderful landscape that 58. ___（be） rare in the world. In 2003, the terraced fields were 59. _________（official） recognized by UNESCO as a World Cultural and Natural Heritage site. About 1, 300 years ago, knowntoisofficiallythe Hani people first 60. ______（come） to the steep mountains. They struggled against the difficult terrain（地形）, successfully creating the terraces, where they grew rice in order to make 61. _____（they） living. Over the past 1, 300 years, the Hani people have developed a complex system of channels 62. ________（bring） water from the forested mountaintops. They show great appreciation for natural phenomena, such as rivers, mountains, the sun, fire 63. _____ the moon. They have also created a complete farming system 64. __________ involves cattle, ducks, and fish and supports the 65. __________（produce） of red rice, the area's main crop. The landscape changes through the year. In April the terraces are all green as rice starts to grow;in later parts of the year they are yellowish brown as the rice ripens. In February, the terraces become bare earth, with the water reflecting（反射） the sky.cametheirto bringandwhich/thatproduction 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被联合国教科文组织认定为世界文化和自然遗产的红河哈尼梯田的总体情况、悠久历史和重要作用。56. _______known[解析] 考查非谓语动词。被修饰词The terraces和动词know之间是被动关系, 用过去分词作定语, 故填known。57. ___to[解析] 考查介词。from. . . to. . . 意为“从……到……”。故填to。58. ___is[解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实, 用一般现在时, 先行词a wonderful landscape为单数, 所以谓语动词应用单数。故填is。59. _________officially[解析] 考查副词。应用副词修饰动词recognized。故填officially。60. ______came[解析] 考查动词时态。根据时间状语About 1, 300 years ago可知, 此处应用一般过去时。故填came。61. _____their[解析] 考查代词。固定搭配make one's living意为“谋生”。故填their。62. ________to bring[解析] 考查动词不定式。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to bring。63. _____and[解析] 考查连词。the moon和rivers, mountains, the sun, fire是并列关系。故填and。64. __________which/that[解析] 考查定语从句。先行词a complete farming system指物, 关系词在定语从句中作主语, 所以用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。65. __________production[解析] 考查名词。空处作supports的宾语且由the修饰, 故应用名词, 指红米的生产。故填production。第四部分 写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分） 随着经济的发展, 越来越多的遗产地遭到破坏。假如你是李华, 请给China Daily写一封信, 呼吁保护遗产地。内容包括： 1. 遗产地的重要性；2. 遗产地现状；3. 保护措施。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 Dear Editor,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua参考范文DearEditor,. . Heritage sites, which we should treat with respect/in awe, offer us important resources to study ancient civilizations. The more we learn about them, the more they give us insights into the wisdom of our ancestors. Nowadays, however, many heritage sites are still in urgent need of preservation with some severely damaged and some even destroyed. Therefore, preserving them is at the top of the agenda although heritage sites preservation has made great progress. Not only should people enhance awareness of protecting heritage sites, but also the government should make policies. With our concerted efforts, we'll surely witness a satisfying outcome. Yours,. . Li Hua第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was studying for a huge science test when my little brother and sister burst into the kitchen, singing at the top of their lungs: Squirrels in the garden, Squirrels in the tree, I'm a happy squirrel, Look at me. . . Then, just as soon as they finished, they started singing all over again. “Wow! That's a pretty catchy song, ” I said after the third time around. But I asked them to stop singing as I was trying to study. “Sorry, Zona, ” said Indi. “But we really do need to keep singing it. Our music teacher said so!” “Yeah, ” said Tex. “Our class is putting on a squirrel play for Parents' Night, and we have to memorize every single word by Friday!” Indi added that they had to make their own tails and ears and dumped out a bag full of furry costume parts. “Can you help us?” “Maybe in a little while, ” I said. “Right now, I need to read my book. ” Tex and Indi sang that song while they were making their costumes, while they were doing their chores, and even while they were brushing their teeth! Since Tex and Indi squeaked（吱吱叫） and sang every day that week, I wasn't as prepared as I wanted to be for my test on Friday. And in the middle oftaking my test, the squirrel song started playing over and over in my head. It was almost impossible for me to focus on the last few questions. When I got home that afternoon, all I wanted to do was collapse on the couch. The only thing was, Tex and Indi had beaten me to it. “Can you please let me sit too?” I grumbled. “I had a rotten day!” “We had a rotten day too!” said Tex. “Yeah, ” said Indi. “A bunch of kids in our class got sick, so tonight's play is canceled!” We were just three miserable lumps sitting in silence for a really long time. Even though I had been complaining about their singing, it broke my heart to see them disappointed. They had been so excited about the show. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 I said after a while, “I can't let all of your practicing go to waste. ” _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After everything was ready, I arranged for our parents to attend the performance._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文 I said after a while, “I can't let all of your practicing go to waste. ” “We don't want to waste it, either, but what can we do?” Indi asked helplessly. “We can hold the Parents' Night by ourselves that can be arranged in our own house. ” Hearing my words, Tex and Indi jumped up from the couch excitedly with eyes flashing. “Yes, Zona, you're right. We can put on the squirrel play for our parents who can be our audience! I believe they will like it!” Indi agreed, turning around cheerfully. In the next few hours, we began to make preparations respectively. After everything was ready, I arranged for our parents to attend the performance.. . As the lights went up, two cute little squirrels scampered into themiddle of the stage. “Squirrels in the garden, Squirrels in the tree, I'm a happy squirrel, Look at me. . . ” Then, just as soon as they finished, they started singing all over again. While singing at the top of their lungs, Tex and Indi put on a vivid and perfect performance. As the music stopped, our parents stood up in excitement and kept clapping loudly. “What a wonderful performance! You're so great!” Mom praised. “Zona helped us, Mom. It was our joint effort that made us do it, ” Indi said, holding my hand happily. What a pleasant night!
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