高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 讲案（无答案）

Lesson 5 必修一Unit 4 Natural Disasters（讲案）【本节知识切片】一、课前检测【单句适当形式填空】1.It was the second air ______________（灾难） in less than two month.2. The ground is as hard as stone after the _______________.（干旱）3. The thief _______________（溜进）into the room quietly.4. What are the_______________ （救援）workers and solders doing in the flood-hit area?5. Smoking seriously______________ （damage）your health.6. Enough lava out of the volcano that had ______________(erupt) buried the entire village.7. At the end of the news，they often give you a ______________(总结) of the main news stories.8. What ______________(打动) me most was their strong desire for knowledge.9. The professor will ______________(发表) a speech on environment protection.10. And we should give______________(aid) to strangers when they need help. 二、重点词汇和短语（一）核心词汇拓展1. ruin n.废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产严重受损；破败不堪 ________________________2.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克→_______________ adj.震惊的→___________ adj.令人震惊的①触电 _________________________②对……感到震惊_________________________③震惊；吃惊____________________________3.trap vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套 n.陷阱；险境①被困在……中，陷在……中____________________②诱骗某人(做)某事________________________4.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏埋头，专注于____________________5.effort n.努力；尽力；艰难的尝试①尽全力_____________________②不遗余力______________________6.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→______________n.苦难受……的折磨；患……病____________________7. disaster n. 灾难；灾害①自然灾害 ______________________②灾区 ______________________8. slide vi. & vt. (使)滑行；滑动①日益恶化；在滑板上 _______________________②放映幻灯片 _____________________③略过；回避 ____________________ = 4 \* GB3 ④不知不觉陷入 __________________9.flood n. 洪水；大量；vi.淹没；大量涌入；vt使灌满水；淹没①在泛滥 ____________________②涌入，大量地涌入 ______________________③一大批 ____________________10. rescue n.&vt.营救；救援①救援人员 / 船只 / 直升机 /营 ___________________________②从……中营救某人/某物 _________________________11. damage vt.损害；破坏；n.损坏；损失①对……引起损害 _________________________②对……造成损害 _________________________12.affect vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动→____________adj.受到影响的；假装的→______________n.喜爱；感情；影响①对...的感情；对...的喜爱 ____________________②受到...的影响 _____________________③疫区 _____________________ = 4 \* GB3 ④患有...疾病 __________________________13．shelter/'ʃeltə/ n.避难处；居所；庇护；vt.保护；掩蔽；vi. 躲避（风、雨或危险）①躲避（风、雨或危险） ________________________②保护……免受…… _____________________③无家可归者夜间收容所 _____________________ = 4 \* GB3 ④动物收容处 an animal shelter14. percent n. 百分之……; adj.&adv.每一百种→_______________n.百分比①百分之百；不折不扣 ______________________②合格率 ____________________15.breathe vi.&vt.呼吸→______________ n.呼吸，气息①深呼吸 ____________________②喘不上气来 ___________________16.revive / rɪˈvaɪv / vt.& vi复活；（使）苏醒17.supply n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品；vt.供应；供给向某人提供某物 ___________________或 ____________________18.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传；vt.发表；接生；生(小孩)_______________n.交付，分娩，递送→____________adj.可以传送的，可以交付使用的①交货，履行诺言 __________________②发表演讲 __________________③交出，放弃 ___________________ = 4 \* GB3 ④从...处释放出来 ___________________19. summary  n. 总结；概括；概要→_______________adv.概要地，立刻→_______________ n.摘要，概要总之，概括起来 __________________20. effect n. 影响；结果；效果→______________ adj.有效的，起作用的→_______________adv.有效地，生效地①对...的作用 _________________________②副作用 _______________________③实际上，生效 ____________________21. length n.→长；长度→_______________ adj.长的；adv.长期地，始终→____________ vt.使延长，加长①长度 ____________________②最后，终于 ______________________③一段 ______________________课内短语积累1.__________________________________像往常一样2.__________________________________仿佛；好像；似乎3.__________________________________终结；走向末日4.__________________________________严重受损；破败不堪5.__________________________________把……吹走6.__________________________________横切7.__________________________________而不是；代替8.__________________________________震惊；吃惊9.__________________________________跌倒；倒塌10._________________________________经历；经受11. ________________________________ 现有（尤指帮助）12. _________________________________消灭，彻底消除13.__________________________________急救箱14. _________________________________ 在露天，在户外15. _________________________________自然灾害16. _________________________________火山喷发17.__________________________________提及，涉及18. __________________________________建立，成立【过关检测】【单句首字母及汉语填空】1．Can you give me a quick ________________(概要) of your research?2．It is said that the factory suffered serious d_____________ in the tsunami last week.3．He _____________ (撞上) into the other youth and they both landed on the ground.4．The soldiers b________________ the dead bodies as quickly as possible to stop diseases spreading.5．The teacher asked the students to find out the word that best fits the _______________(语境)．6. O_____________，the new leader hopes to unify the whole country in a short time.7．While the woman was s______________ the floor，she found the old photos in the corner.8．In that situation，the local government had to take__________________(紧急情况) action.9. He quitted such a nice job，which made us all s_______________．10. She often talked of what she had gone through during the terrible d_________________.【单句语法填空】1．To dry their wet clothes，they made a fire in ______________ open air.2．It came as ______________ shock to hear that the factory would have to close.3．These strict measures will surely have a great effect _____________ our daily life.4．_____________(survive) the disaster，he decided to lead a simple life.5．The soldier was trying to save the girl _____________(trap) in the burning house.6．Buried ____________ the game，he didn’t notice what was happening.7．The earthquake left the city in ____________(ruin)；it would take a lot of money to rebuild it.8．The doctor decided to offer some advice to the athlete _____________(suffer) from a bad back.9. What other cities or towns have gone______________ similar changes?10._____________(bury)in his lessons，he knew nothing about the outside world.三、课文中的长难句1. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water.考点：现在分词作______________翻译: _______________________________________________________________________________________模拟造句：他出现在医院，带着给刚当妈妈的Lindsey和她的宝贝儿子的礼物。____________________________________________________________________________________________2. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！考点：____________________翻译:_______________________________________________________________________________________模拟造句：快！似乎火车要离开了。____________________________________________________________________________________________3.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.考点：___________________________翻译: _______________________________________________________________________________________模拟造句：他太害羞了而不敢演讲。____________________________________________________________________________________________4.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.考点：______________________翻译：______________________________________________________________________________________模拟造句：他接受了那个薪水很好的工作。____________________________________________________________________________________________5.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.考点：_______________和________________________翻译: _______________________________________________________________________________________模拟造句：寻求避难所的家庭数量上升了百分之十七.____________________________________________________________________________________________6.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!考点：_______________________翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________模拟造句：他把收入的三分之一都捐给慈善了。____________________________________________________________________________________________Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.考点: _________________________________________翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________模拟造句：工作太难找了。____________________________________________________________________________________________Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.考点：______________________________翻译: _______________________________________________________________________________________模拟造句：他所到之处都有很多粉丝跟着他。____________________________________________________________________________________________【过关检测】单句写作1.他曾因过度疲劳而不能继续工作。(too...to...)____________________________________________________________________________________________2.他在那里说着，好像他去过世界的每一个角落。(as if)____________________________________________________________________________________________无论这位冠军走到哪里，她都会受到热烈的欢迎。(地点状语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________受台风影响的村民人数达到了五十万。(affect；过去分词短语作后置定语)____________________________________________________________________________________________是那个年轻人诱骗他买了那座老房子。(trap)____________________________________________________________________________________________四、课内语法(关系代词引导的）限制性定语从句【课前检测】选择正确答案1. 【★☆☆】Women _______drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those who don't.2.【★★☆】 Is this the reason _________he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 3. 【★★☆】That’s the new machine _________ parts are too small to be seen. 4. 【★★☆】We went through a period _________ ___________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.【★☆☆】My friend, Mike, _______is from America, is a great cook.【课中讲解】一、that、which、who、whom、whose引导的限制性定语从句在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。2.关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who引导的定语从句The children who were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hospital now.目前，在车祸中受伤的孩子们正在医院接受治疗。Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。who指人，在定语从句中可以充当___________________。2.whom引导的定语从句Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。The boy(whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。whom指人，在定语从句中作____________，可省略，也可用___________代替。3.whose引导的定语从句I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作____________。4.which引导的定语从句The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring(which) he had lost on the train.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。which指____________，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。5.that引导的定语从句The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作_________________，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用_________替代，指物多用__________替代。 [注意]　(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。[提醒]关系词有三个作用：一、引导定语从句二、在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。理解概念，弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。三、指代先行词【过关检测】（一）单句语法填空1. Lucy_________________paintings were shown at the exhibition last week is a model student.2. You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station __________________ you can hire to reach your host family. 3.The film __________________ you are looking forward to seeing will be on tomorrow.4.We don’t know the number of people ___________________lost their homes in the disaster.5. There is a young man __________________ wants to see you.6.(2020新高考一卷）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum __________________ opened in 1759.7. (2020全国三）In ancient China lived an artist_______________ paintings were almost lifelike. 8.（2019全国三）They were well trained by their masters ___________ had great experience with caring for these animals. 9. The house ___________ _____________ I used to live has become a shoe shop.10. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ________________ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. 11. The suitcase ________________ lies on the ground is hers.12.Last week Mary wore the dress __________________ I gave to her.13. Do you know the man ________________ spoke to the headmaster just now?14.My grandparents live in a house___________________ is more than 100 years old.15.They were well trained by their masters __________________had great experience.16. These teenagers learned a lot from the activity ____________________ was designed for them.17. The little problems___________________ we meet in our daily lives don’t make a difference.18. The house _________________roof is very old was built by my grandfather.19. He gave his mother a colour TV set for her birthday，_________________pleased her a lot.20.His mother，__________________loves him very much，is strict with him.（二）完成句子1.我最尊敬的女人是我的母亲。The woman_______________________________ is my mother.2．他给了我一本书，这本书我一直保存至今。He gave me a book___________________________________.3．他谈到了他在学校里非常感兴趣的人和书。He talked about the persons and books ________________________________________.4.幸福和成功往往属于那些善于认识到自己长处的人。Happiness and success often come to those ______________________________________.5．那个双腿在地震中严重受伤的男孩被迅速送到了医院。The boy _________________________________________ was quickly taken to hospital.【备选题目】（一）【补救】【★★☆】语法填空Strange things were happening in 1._______________countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell. There were deep cracks 2. _______________ appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some 3._______________ (smell) gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous4. _______________(eat) ，and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3：00 a.m., on 28 July 1976，bright lights5. _______________(see) in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city’s one million people were asleep 6._______________ usual that night.At 3：42 a.m.，everything 7. _______________(begin) to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to 8._______________ end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun，a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt 9._______________! A huge crack，eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide，cut across houses，roads，and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute，a large city lay in 10._______________(ruin). （二）【巩固】【选词填空】eq \x(in ruins，as usual，come to an end，fall down，in shock)The shelter might ____________ if it rains more heavily.That day he went to work out in the gym _____________.The meeting was _____________ when I reached the meeting room.The survivors were ____________，wondering how long the disaster would last.The city lay ____________ after the earthquake. Now，rows of houses are being built.【单句填空】1. Never before has our country been so_______________ (power) as it is today. 2. Mrs. Coxen _______________ (aid) in looking after the children by her niece. 3. Alan looked at him and said _______________ (calm), “I don't believe you.”  4. The scientist spent years alone in the forest, _______________ (survive) only by eating wild fruits and animals. 5. The writer and his works _______________ you told me are really famous. 6. I often recall the happy days _______________ we spent together during our summer holiday. 7. The captain treats me as if I_______________ (be) his own daughter.8. The _______________ (injure) told us what he had gone through in the accident.9. A lot of money has been collected to help those _______________ (suffer)from the floods.10.The girl was sitting there，_______________ (bury) her face in her hands.【拔高】【单句写作】船长受了重伤，但他表现得若无其事。(as if)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________我在找被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。(bury)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________我们所有人都认为说服她改变主意是不可能的。(it作形式宾语)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________全国上下都在唱这首歌，使得它很受欢迎。(现在分词短语作状语)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________他们正在废墟中搜寻幸存者，这时另一场大地震发生了。(be doing...when...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。(who引导的定从）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________我们到达目的地后，看到一座成为废墟的古庙。（ruins）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________这场战争快要结束了，所以每个人都变得更积极了。（come to an end）_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________那位著名篮球运动员的离世使我们大为震惊。(shock)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.当灾难发生时，他们被困在健身房中。（be trapped in）__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【语法填空】A用适当的关系代词that、which、who、whom或whose填空A Girl Who Is Good at DrawingMary 1. _______________ drawings were shown at the exhibition last month is a model student 2. _______________　is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall our attention was attracted by a very large picture 3. _______________ was hung on the wall in front of us.  The horse 4. _______________ was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man 5. _______________ was riding on it looked like a living man.  It was the best picture 6. _______________ I had ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young painter 7. _______________ I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter 8. _______________ has ever been heard of in her hometown. But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it, I will certainly agree with you. BEarthquakes are quite common. In fact, thousands of earthquakes 1. _______________(happen) almost at every time. 2. _______________， most of them are too weak to feel. During a big earthquake, there is often a big noise first. Then the earthquake shakes 3. _______________ (terrible) and many houses fall down.As one of the most deadly natural disasters in the world, the earthquake often result 4. _______________many people being injured or killed. In 2008, a severe earthquake hit china's Sichuan Province, 5. _______________ (kill) more than 80,000people there.Besides the great damage and 6. _______________ (death) caused by the earthquake, other accidents such 7. _______________ fires often follows. More buildings may be damaged and more 8. _______________ (injury) may be caused. For centuries, people have been making studies of earthquake. About 2,000 years ago, for example, a Chinese scientist 9. ______________ (name) Zhang Heng invented a machine which could find out the direction 10. ______________ which the earthquake waves came.CIt is sad but true that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks. Earthquake safety is very important and there is more to it than just 1. _______________ (keep) buildings from falling down. So if your home is in 2. _______________ earthquake area, you should prepare carefully before the earthquake comes.First make sure you buy a house which is earthquake safe．All pipes should be 3. _______________ (fix) to the walls and all walls should be 4. _______________ (extreme) thick and strong. Make sure the building has no 5. _______________ (break) windows and is well repaired.Second, look at the objects in your house. Those in the living room, 6. _______________ are the most likely to hurt us, are computers，televisions and lamps. They can be tied 7. _______________ tables so they won't easily move around. The kitchen 8. _______________ many small things are stored might fall down. The water heater should have a case round it too. 9. ______________ (window) are a special problem. When they break, glass can cause many accidents. It is better to use safety glass 10. ______________ you can, especially for pictures.Always remember, “It is better to be safe than sorry.”DSometimes you may feel uncertain about whether to give in to many of your children's requests. That doesn't mean you can't change. First, you should try to determine 1. _______________makes you feel guilty. Then, even if you have discovered the reason, you should begin to make firm 2. _______________(decide) and make a clear response to children's requests. Even so, you still cannot expect to change completely right away.Your feelings will go through ups and downs from time 3. _______________ time. The key is to be satisfied 4. _______________ gradual improvements, expecting and accepting the occasional setbacks 5.________________ come with any change. And even after you could deal with all this situation in a confident manner, you can't expect your children 6. ________________(respond) immediately. For a while, they'll keep on 7. _____________(apply) the old pressures that used to work so well. But they will 8. _____________(eventual) come to respect your decisions once they learn that 9.______________(argue) no longer work. In the end, both you and your children will be 10. _______________(happy) for it.模块题型拆分难度是否掌握一．重点词汇和短语1.词汇英译汉★☆☆☆☆2.核心词汇拓展★★★★☆3.课内短语积累★★★☆☆二．课内长难句1. 长难句考点解析★★☆☆☆2. 长难句翻译★★☆☆☆3. 语法模拟造句★★☆☆☆三．语法：名词短语、形容词短语、形容词短语1. 名词短语构成形式及句法功能★★☆☆☆2. 形容词短语构成形式及句法功能★★☆☆☆3. 副词短语构成形式及句法功能★★☆☆☆已掌握请打√单词音标词性中文释义□disaster disaster[dɪˈzɑ:stə(r)]n.□tornado[tɔ:ˈneɪdəʊ]n.□drought[draʊt]n.□landslide[ˈlændslaɪd]n.□slide[slaɪd]vi.&vt.□tsunami[tsu:ˈnɑ:mi]n.flood [flʌd]n.vi.vt.□volcanic eruption[vɔlˈkænɪk  ɪˈrʌpʃn]□magnitude[ˈmægnɪtju:d]n.□rescue[ˈreskju:]vt.& n.□damage[ˈdæmɪdʒ]vt.n.□destroy [dɪ'strɔɪ]vt.□evacuate[ɪˈvækjueɪt]vt.vi.□helicopter[ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)] n.□death[deθ]n.□affect[ə'fekt]vt.□shelter['ʃeltə(r)]n.vt.&vi.□crack[kræk]n.vi.&vt.□as if□ruin['ru:ɪn]n.&vt.□in ruins □percent[pəˈsent]n.adj.&adv□brick[brɪk]n.□ metal ['metl]n.□ shock[ʃɒk]n.vt.□ in shock □electricity[ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti]n.□trap[træp]vt.n.□bury[ˈberi]vt.□breathe[bri:ð]vt.&vi.□revive[rɪˈvaɪv] vt.&vi.□revival[rɪˈvaɪvl]n.□effort ['efət]n.□unify[ˈju:nɪfaɪ] vt.&vi□wisdom[ˈwɪzdəm] n.□context[ˈkɒntekst]n.□suffer [ˈsʌfə]vt.vi.□volcano[vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ]n.□erupt[ɪˈrʌpt] vt.&vi.□supply [səˈplaɪ]n.vt.□typhoon[taɪˈfu:n]n.□in the open air□hurricane[ˈhʌrɪkən]n.□survive [səˈvaɪv]vi.vt.□power[ˈpaʊə(r)] n.□tap[tæp]vi.&vt.n.□pipe[paɪp] n.□whistle[ˈwɪsl]vi.vt.n.□emergency[iˈmɜ:dʒənsi]n.□calm[kɑ:m] adj.vt.□aid[eɪd]n.vi.&vt.□kit [kɪt]n.□first aid kit□on hand□crash[kræʃ]vt.&vi.n.□sweep[swi:p]vt.&vi.□sweep away □wave[weɪv]n.vt.&vi.□strike[straɪk]vi.&vt.n□deliver[dɪˈlɪvə(r)]vt.& vi.vt.□summary[ˈsʌməri]n.□effect[ɪˈfekt]n.□length [leŋθ] n.