高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Welcome unit优秀ppt课件

导入新课

Period 1

I  Learn the technical terms-1.

1. S (subject)              主语

2. V (verb)                谓语动词

3. O (object)               宾语

4. P (predicative)           表语

5. A (adverbial)            状语

6. DO (direct objective)      直接宾语

7. IO (indirect objective)     间接宾语

8. C (objective complement)  宾语补足语

9. There be …             there be结构

1. 回答问题

2. 分组讨论什么词（词性）可以充当句子的“主语，宾语，表语，直接宾语，间接宾语，宾语补足语和状语”

学生需要掌握这些句子基本构成成分的概念。这是正确理解英语句子内容的基本保障。

讲授新课

Period 1

II  Learn the technical terms-2.

1. What can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and Ojective complement” in a sentence?

2. What can be used as “Adverbial” in a sentence?

3. What can be used as “verb” in a sentence?

Answers to questions 1-3:

1. Nouns, pronouns and appellations can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and Ojective Complement”. Besides, adjectives can be used as “ Predicative and  Ojective Complement” in a sentence.

2. Adverbs and prepositional phrases can be used as “Adverbial”.

3. Verbs with actual meaning can be used as “Verb” in a sentence. Auxiliary verbs alone cannot be used as “Verb” in a sentence.

III  Learn to recognize the sentence structures.

1. SV structure.  For Example:

(1)  A bird    flies.

       S       V

(2)  A monkey   jumps.

       S         V

(3)  A fish    swims.

S        V

√ In SV structures, verbs are “intransitive verbs”.

2. SVO structure.  For Example:

(1)  A sheep     eats     grass.

       S        V       O

(2)  They       like   bananas.

       S        V      O

(3)    He      wants   candy.

       S         V      O

√ In SVO structures, verbs are “transitive verbs”.

3. SP structure.  For Example:

(1)  This     is  great.

      S        P      

(2)  He      looks  well.

      S        P   

(3)  She     became a teacher.

      S        P   

√ In SP structures, Predicatives are formed by “link verbs” and “adjectives or nouns”.

√ link verbs: be, become, grow, look, feel, taste, etc.

4. SV IO DO structure.  For Example:

(1)  He      asked    me    a question.

     S        V      IO     DO

(2)  Danny   wrote    me    a letter.

     S        V      IO     DO

(3)  Billy    brought   Sam   a kite.

     S        V      IO     DO

√ In SV IO DO structures, the verbs are transitive and are followed by two objectives – pronouns or nouns as Indirect Objective, and nouns as Directi Objectives.

√ verb pattern: tell sb. sth.

5. SVOC structure.  For Example:

(1)  The war   made    him      a hero.

     S         V       O        C

(2)  They     found   the sanke   dead.

     S         V       O        C

(3)  We       call      him     Mr. Wood.

     S         V       O        C

√ In SVOC structures, the verb is transitive and is followed by an objectives and a complement. The complement here is used to show the situation of the object.

√ In SVOC structures, Objective complements can be nouns, adjectives, –ing phrases or –ed phrases. 

6. SVA structure.  For Example:

(1)    It         rained     heavily.

       S          V        A

(2)    He        coughed   badly.

       S          V        A

(3)    The rabbit   ran      fast.

       S          V        A

√ In SVA structures, the verb is intransitive and is followed by an adverbial.

7. SVOA structure.  For Example:

(1)  A sheep   eats     grass   over there.

       S       V      O       A

(2)  Mum     makes   lunch   in the kitchen.

      S        V       O       A

(3)  They     liked    the film   very much.

      S        V       O       A

√ SVOA structure is formed by SVO structure plus an adverbial at the end.

8. There be structure.  For Example:

(1) There   is  an apple  on the table.

          V    S           A

(2) There  are  7 days    in a week.

          V    S           A

(3) There   is  milk and bread  on the table.

          V    S               A

√ In “There be…” structure, subject and verb “be” is inverted.

√ The number of “Be” is decided by the very first  subject followed.

IV Questions to think:

1. Look at the picture below and examine the sentence structures. What parts are shared by all of them?

2. In the eight basic structures, what is the more stable element and what is the most unstable element in a sentence?

V Read the sentences and analyse the structures.

1.  The 100-year-old school  lies  in the center of

S                    V       A

the city.

2.  We   must  act.

    S      V

3. The maths homework   looks easy.

    S                   P

4. The teacher   found  the classroom  empty.

S           V       O         C

5. My mum     bought    me   a new dictionary.

S           V       IO       DO

6. Tom   is looking forward to  meeting the new

   S            V                O

exchange studnent.

7. There  is   an English corner  at our school.

         V     S                 A

8. We    had   chemistry  in the newly built lab.  

   S     V     O                A

VI Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.

1. That dream   has come true!

     S            P

2. Tim and his classmates   are living   on a ship.

     S                    V        A

3. They also learn about   ships and the sea.

     S        V           O

4. Tim   writes  his parents  every week and tells

    S    V       O         A          V

 them  what happened on the ship.  

   IO      DO

5. There’s  always  something exciting to do.

      V            S

6. Studying and doing homework   seem much more

      S                         P

fun.

VII Answers to “IV Questions to think”

1. Each sentence shall have a “S” and a “V”.

2. “S” is relatively stable, compared to “V” - the most unstable part in English sentence.

1. 学生逐个举例子分析，穷尽可以充当“S,V，O,P,A,DO，IO，C”等句子成分的词性。

2. 列表，判断并总结可以作“主语，宾语, 表语,直接宾语,间接宾语, 宾语补足语”等成分的词性。

3. 学生做练习，分析句子成分。

4. 逐个提问学生，请学生通过看图做出判断。

5. 逐个提问学生回答问题。

6. 逐个提问学生回答问题。

1.学生进行“头脑风暴”，通过分析，归纳，最后得出结论,尝试回答问题1-3。

2. 区别“词性”与“句子成分”的概念。

3. 使学生熟练掌握这8种基本句子结构。

4.培养学生仔细观察，对比分析的能力。同时，让学生带着问题思考后面所做练习的意义。

5. 练习识别基本句子结构。

6. 培训学生快速识别句子基本结构的能力。

课堂小结

Summary

In this period, we’ve learned about some important concepts of syntax.

1. The definitions of “S (subject), V (verb), O (object), P (predicative), A (adverbial), DO (direct object), IO (Indirect object) and C (object complement)”;

2. The morphologic features correspongding to “ S (subject), V (verb), O (object), P (predicative), A (adverbial), DO (direct object), IO (Indirect object) and C (object complement)”;

3. “V”, as the most unstable part in English sentence, decides all the varieties of the basic sentence structures.

4. the importance of learning Verb patterns.

Home work:

1. Recite the meanings of the capitalized initials “S (subject), V (verb), O (object), P (predicative), A (adverbial), DO (direct object), IO (Indirect object) and C (object complement)”.

2. Finish Ex. 2 and Ex. 3 on page 5

3. Think about the significance of distinguishing  “transitive verbs” from “intransitive verbs”?

学生认真阅读该小结，回忆前面做过的练习和分析。

帮助学生梳理本节课的重要内容

板书

Period 2

I  What is What?

1. 1 What can be used as “Subject” in a sentence?

1.1.1 Nouns.   For example: A tiger eats meat.

                         S

1.1.2 Subject Pronouns. For example: He is a teacher.

                             S

1.1.3 Appellations. For example: Mr. Wood is coming.

                            S

1.2 What can be used as “Object” in a sentence?

1.2.1 Nouns.   For example: A tiger eats meat.

                                 O

1.2.2 Object Pronouns. For example: I like him.

                                   O

1.2.3 Appellations. For example: We invite Mr. Wood.

                                   O   

1.3 What can be used as “Predicative” in a sentence?

1.3.1 Link verb + adjective / noun. For exmaple:

   He is a teacher.    This is great

       P                   P

1.3.2 Link verbs. For example: be, look, feel, tastes, smell, become, grow, etc.

1.4 What can be used as “Adverbial” in a sentence?

1.4.1 Preposition + a place. For example: in the room

                                  A

1.4.2 Preposition + time. For example: in 1918

                                A

1.4.3 Preposition + a traffic tool. For example: by bus

                                     A

1.4.3 Preposition + a noun. For example: with your help

                                     A

1.5 What can be used as “DO” in a sentence?

1.5.1 Nouns.  For example: Give me the book.

                               DO

1.5.2 Pronouns. For example: Pass them to me.

                           DO 

1.6 What can be used as “IO” in a sentence?

1.6.1 Pronouns. For example: Send him a letter.

                           IO

1.6.2 Nouns. For example: Send my mum a letter.

                           IO

1.6.3 Appellations. For example: Send Mr. Jin a letter.

                               IO

1.7 What can be used as “C” in a sentence?

1.7.1 Adjectives. For example: It makes me happy.

                                   C

√The implied logic between “me” and “happy” is “I am happy”

1.7.2 Nouns. For example: The war left him an orphan.

                                    C

1.7.3 –ing phrases. For example: He found it exciting.

                                    C

1.8 “There be …” is actually an inversion of “SV” or “SVA”. For example:

1.8.1  There  is  a boy  in the room.

             V    S      A

1.8.2  There  sits  a boy.

             V    S  

II  Find the differences – SP vs. SVA

2.1. P in “SP” means “link. verb” + “adj. / noun”

2.2 VA means “intransitive verb”+ adverb

2.3 For example: look   great

               P (link verb + adj.)

              work   hard

               V A (vi. + adv.)

III  Find the differences – SVOC vs. SVOA

3.1 “C” means “nouns / adjectives.”

3.2 “A” means “adverbs / prepositional phrases”

3.3 For example:  make  him  a hero / happy

                 V    O       C

              miss  you  very much / in my heart

               V    O         A

I 要求学生适当记笔记，区分词性与句子成分。

II 要求学生记笔记，抓住重点和难点。

III 要求学生记笔记，抓住重点和难点。

I 逐条总结S, V, O, P,  IO， DO， C 等基本概念。

II 强化重点和难点，以便学生更准确地识别句子结构。

III 强化重点和难点，以便学生更准确地识别句子结构。