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专题15 完形填空（全国卷20空）-2023年高考真题及模拟题英语分类汇编（含答案解析）
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这是一份专题15 完形填空（全国卷20空）-2023年高考真题及模拟题英语分类汇编（含答案解析），文件包含专题15完形填空全国卷20空解析版-2023年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇编全国通用docx、专题15完形填空全国卷20空原卷版-2023年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇编全国通用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题15完形填空（20空）-2023年高考真题及模拟题汇编
2023年高考真题
Close 1
【2023年全国乙卷】To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she ____21____ best. She had to ___22___ her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say ____23____ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to ____24____ waves on her board. But it was ____25____ to take the leap (飞跃), however ____26____ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she ____27____ about 1,200 miles away from home, to ____28____ with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never ____29____ and everything was new to her.
As it turned out Douglas did ____30____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she ____31____two Russians. The Chinese coach ____32____ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the ____33____, helping her skyrocket from an ____34____ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By ____35____ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She ____36____ the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt ____37____ all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it ____38____ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought ____39____ that she could make the London Games-and win.
“I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to ____40____.” And shine she did.
21. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew
22. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
23. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
24. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike
25. A. common B. time C. fun D. tough
26. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C. eye-catching D. head-spinning
27. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off
28. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train
29. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed
30. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly
31. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted
32. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put
33. A. world B. city C. team D. state
34. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic
35. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding
36. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led
37. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy
38. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took
39. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on
40. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员Gabby Douglas为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1200英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教练的训练下，Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A. tried尝试；B. thought思考；C. judged判断；D. knew知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“1,200 miles away from home”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事；B. pack up整理；收拾行李；C. clean up清理；D. do up装修。由上文“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“her bedroom in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. goodbye再见；B. hello你好；C. thanks感谢；D. no没有；否定的回答。由上“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”可知，Gabby Douglas要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. cause引起；B. observe观察；C. ride骑；漂浮；D. strike打击。由下文“waves on her board.”可知，此处表示冲浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A. common平民；普通；B. time时间；C. fun乐趣；D. tough暴徒。由下文“to take the leap (飞跃)”可知，虽然离开自己所熟悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人伤心。A. breathtaking激动人心的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；令人伤心的；C. eye-catching引人注目的；D. head-spinning头晕的。上文提到的Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A. dropped out退出；B. moved on继续。C. pulled over靠边停车；D. went off离开。由下文“about 1,200 miles away from home,”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A. reason推理；B. talk谈话；C. compete竞争；D. train培训。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event”和下文“with a coach from China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A. met遇到；见过；B. helped帮助；C. understood理解；D. needed需要。由下文“everything was new to her.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. approximately大约；B.gradually逐渐地；C. exactly准确地；完全；D. possibly可能地。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Gabby Douglas获得了奥运会全能冠军，由此可知，Gabby Douglas完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. defeated打败；B. pleased使高兴；C. respected尊敬；D. assisted帮助。由上文“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. forced强迫；B. transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；C. persuaded劝说；D. put放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. world世界；B. city城市；C. team团队；D. state国家。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。 A. amateury业余爱好的；B. elected当选的；C. average平均的；普通的；D. enthusiastic热情的。由下文“member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，这位中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A. clarifying分类；B. defending打败；C. winning赢得；D. demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. followed跟随；B. organized组织；C. watched观看；D. led带领；领先。由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A. confident自信的；坚信的；B. nervous紧张的；C. excited兴奋的；D. uneasy不安的。由下文“all along that she would win.”可知，Douglas一直坚信自己会赢，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A. viewed看待；B. appeared出现；C. mattered重要；D. took需要。由下文“to be an Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。
【39题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。A. now and then时不时地；B. more and more越来越多；C. far and wide广泛地；D. on and on不断地。由上文“As time went by”和下文“that she could make the London Games-and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，Douglas越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A. shine照耀；发光；B. fly飞行；C. dance跳舞；D. score得分。由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和“And shine she did.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。
Close2
【2023年全国甲卷】Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we ___21___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___22___ its way down the hill toward us. It was ___23___ called Mario, coming to ___24___ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice ___25___ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ___26___ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, ___27___ things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any ___28___, we thought. But we were ___29___ his kindness, so we ___30___ them.
What we discovered is that it’s ___31___ to judge what you eat only by its ___32___. Those tomatoes had ___33___ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes ___34___ perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a ___35___ memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can ___36___ them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was ___37___.
It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ___38___, and as close as possible to where they were ___39___. What Mario had ___40___ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
21. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed
22. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling
23. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger
24. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show
25. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture
26. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored
27. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun
28. A. more B. good C. new D. easy
29. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
30. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed
31. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual
32. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price
33. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste
34. A. smell B. look C. become D. work
35 A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague
36. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack
37. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar
38. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
39. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown
40. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待；B. met遇见；C. camped露营；D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤压；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“coming to 4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make one’s way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. customer顾客；B. neighbor邻居；C. relative亲戚；D. passenger乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 2 its way down the hill toward us.”以及最后一句“What Mario had 20 us was the taste of the Garfagnana”可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻居。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. show展示。根据后文“It was a very nice 5 for him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A. choice选择；B. comment议论；C. promise诺言；D. gesture姿态。根据前文“coming to 4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是好的姿态。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们事非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. worried担心的；B. moved感动的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. bored.感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. simple简单的；B. real真实的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. fun有趣的。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前文的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。A. more更多的；B. good好的；C. new新的；D. easy容易的。根据前文“But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 6 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 7 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.”可知，马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好，因此作者一家认为这些都不可能好。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic to同情；B. thankful for对……表示感谢；C. cautious about谨慎对待；D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was 3 called Mario, coming to 4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试；B. sold出售；C. returned回来；D. mixed混合。根据后文“Those tomatoes had 13 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. unnecessary不需要的；B. uncertain无把握；C. unwise不明智的；D. unusual特别的。结合前后文，可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. appearance外观；B. quality质量；C. origin源头；D. price价格。根据前文“we were 6 because they were so misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A. size尺寸；B. shape形状；C. color颜色；D. taste味道。根据后文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻起来；B. look看起来；C. become变成；D. work工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round, 7 things you get in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy快乐的；B. vivid清晰的；C. short短的；D. vague模糊的。根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. count计数；D. pack包装。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. useful有用的；C. convenient便利的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是当令的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. on view在展出；B. on sale出售；C. in season当令的；D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是当令的时候。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. finished完成；B. stored贮存；C. found找到；D. grown成长。根据前文“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was 3 called Mario, coming to 4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。
2023年名校模拟题
Close 1
（2022·四川泸州·校联考模拟预测）One day, a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. They waited anxiously at their desks for the test to begin. The professor 1 the question papers, with the text facing down as usual. 2 all the students got the papers, he asked them to 3 the page and begin. To everyone’s surprise, there were no 4 , just a black dot (点) in the center of the page. The professor, seeing the expression on everyone’s face, told them the following:
“I want you to write what you 5 there.”
The students, 6 , got started on the inexplicable (令人费解的) task.
At the end of the class, the professor 7 all the answer papers and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students. All of them, with no exception, 8 the black dot, trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc. After all had been read, the classroom was silent, and the professor began to explain:
“I’m not going to grade this. I just wanted to give you something to 9 . No one wrote about the 10 part of the paper. Everyone focused on the black dot, and the same happens in our 11 . We have a white paper to observe and 12 , but we always focus on the dark spots. Our life is a 13 given to us with love and care and we always have 14 to celebrate: nature renewing itself every day, our friends around us, the job that 15 our livelihood and the miracles we see every day.
16 , we insist on focusing only on the dark spots: the health issues that bother us, the lack of money, the 17 relationship with coworkers, the 18 with a friend, and etc.
The dark spots are very 19 compared to everything we have in our lives, but they are the ones that pollute our minds. Take your eyes 20 the black spots in your life.”
1．A．pointed at B．turned up C．brought up D．handed out
2．A．Since B．After C．While D．Until
3．A．fold B．open C．turn D．use
4．A．questions B．choices C．exercises D．scores
5．A．remember B．imagine C．see D．study
6．A．serious B．frustrated C．curious D．confused
7．A．finished B．collected C．marked D．selected
8．A．ignored B．painted C．described D．decorated
9．A．think about B．refer to C．hand out D．take along
10．A．big B．black C．white D．beautiful
11．A．lives B．classrooms C．colleges D．studies
12．A．send B．enjoy C．keep D．show
13．A．lesson B．duty C．pressure D．present
14．A．reasons B．time C．freedom D．festivals
15．A．threatens B．provides C．ruins D．changes
16．A．Besides B．Thus C．However D．Finally
17．A．close B．strong C．special D．troublesome
18．A．disappointment B．connection C．satisfaction D．stay
19．A．dark B．small C．round D．dirty
20．A．across B．through C．away from D．back to
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了课上教授用一次突击测试给学生上了一堂课，人生好比那张试卷，我们常常只关注那些问题一样的黑点，忘记了那些生活本身的美好一样的白色，我们需要的是让目光远离黑点。
1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：教授像往常一样把试卷朝下发给学生。A. pointed at指向；B. turned up出现；C. brought up提出；D. handed out分发。根据上文“asked his students to prepare for a surprise test”可知，教授让学生准备一次突击测试，所以是分发试卷。故选D。
2．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：当所有的学生拿到卷子后，他让他们翻页开始。A. Since自从；B. After在……之后；C. While虽然；D. Until直到。根据下文“all the students got the papers”和“he asked them to ____3____ the page and begin”并结合常识可知，学生都拿到卷子后，教授才会让学生开始答题，After“在……之后”符合事情的先后顺序。故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当所有的学生拿到卷子后，他让他们翻页开始。A. fold折叠；B. open开放；C. turn翻转；D. use使用。根据上文“with the text facing down as usual”可知，试卷发下来时卷面朝下，所以是把试卷翻转过来开始答题。故选C。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令所有人吃惊的是，没有问题，只有页面中央的一个黑点。A. questions问题；B. choices选择；C. exercises练习；D. scores分数。根据下文“just a black dot (点) in the center of the page”可知，试卷上只有中央的一个黑点，所以是没有问题。故选A。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要你们把看到的写下来。A. remember记住；B. imagine想象；C. see看；D. study研究。根据下文“All of them, with no exception, ____8____ the black dot, trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc.”可知，学生们的答案围绕试卷上的黑点展开，所以教授应该是让他们写下看到的东西。故选C。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们困惑了，开始做这个令人费解的任务。A. serious严重的；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. curious好奇的；D. confused困惑的。根据下文“got started on the inexplicable (令人费解的) task”可知，学生们觉得这个任务令人费解，所以应该是感到困惑。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在课程结束时，教授收好了所有的答卷，开始在所有学生面前大声朗读每一份答卷。A. finished完成；B. collected收集；C. marked标记；D. selected选择。根据下文“started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students”可知，教授朗读每一份答卷，所以是把答卷收上来。故选B。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们无一例外地描述了黑点，试图解释它在纸张中间的位置等等。A. ignored忽略；B. painted涂漆；C. described描述；D. decorated装饰。根据下文“trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc”可知，学生们都在解释黑点在纸张中间的位置等等，所以是对黑点进行描述。故选C。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是想让你好好思考。A. think about思考；B. refer to参考；C. hand out分发；D. take along带上。根据下文教授将生活和试卷类比，说明我们常常只关注那些问题一样的黑点，而忘记了生活本身的美好可推知，教授想让学生好好思考。故选A。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人写纸的白色部分。A. big大的；B. black黑色的；C. white白色的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据下文“Everyone focused on the black dot”可知，每个人关注的都是黑点，所以是没有人写纸的白色部分。故选C。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都把注意力集中在黑点上，我们的生活中也是如此。A. lives生活；B. classrooms教室；C. colleges学院；D. studies学业。根据下文“Our life”可知，教授从学生们只关注黑点，联系到生活中的现象。故选A。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一张白纸可以观察和欣赏，但我们总是关注黑点。A. send发送；B. enjoy欣赏；C. keep保持；D. show显示。根据下文“given to us with love and care”可推知，教授认为生活是美好的，所以应该是让我们观察和欣赏的。故选B。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. lesson课程；B. duty职责；C. pressure压力；D. present礼物。根据下文“given to us with love and care”可推知，生活应该是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物。故选D。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. reasons原因；B. time时间；C. freedom自由；D. festivals节日。根据下文“nature renewing itself every day, our friends around us, the job that ____15____ our livelihood and the miracles we see every day”可知，生活中充满了美好的事物，所以应该是有理由庆祝。故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. threatens威胁；B. provides提供；C. ruins破坏；D. changes改变。根据上文“the job”和下文“our livelihood”可推知，工作应该是为我们提供生计。故选B。
16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. Besides此外；B. Thus因此；C. However然而；D. Finally最后。上文在描述生活的美好，下文在说明我们只关注那些负面的问题，上下文之间是转折的关系，应用However“然而”。故选C。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. close亲密的；B. strong强大的；C. special特别的；D. troublesome麻烦的。根据上文“the health issues that bother us, the lack of money”可知，此处讨论的是负面的问题，troublesome“麻烦的”符合语境，表示“与同事的麻烦关系”。故选D。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. disappointment失望；B. connection联系；C. satisfaction满意；D. stay逗留。根据上文“the health issues that bother us, the lack of money”可知，此处讨论的是负面的问题，disappointment“失望”符合语境，表示“对朋友的失望”。故选A。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与我们生活中的一切相比，这些黑点是非常小的，但它们却污染了我们的思想。A. dark黑暗的；B. small小的；C. round圆形的；D. dirty脏的。根据上文所描述的生活的种种美好可推知，此处表示黑点与生活中所拥有的的一切相比其实很小。故选B。
20．考查介词（短语）词义辨析。句意：你的目光要远离你生活中的黑点。A. across横跨；B. through通过；C. away from远离；D. back to返回至。根据上文描述的生活其实很美好，其中的问题其实很渺小可推知，此处建议要少关注那些黑点一样的问题，即要目光要远离黑点。故选C。
Close 2
（2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测）With nothing but her small boat for company, British lawyer Victoria Evans succeeded in crossing the Atlantic Ocean.
The 35-year-old 21 4,740 kilometers in 40 days and 19 hours, 22 against high winds, big waves and lack of sleep to 23 the fastest female solo (单人) row across the Atlantic Ocean. Despite experiencing terrible 24 and extreme conditions along the way, Evans 25 broke the previous world record by over eight days. “It was much 26 than I expected,” she told CNN Sport, “I got probably the strongest wind and the adaptation you need to keep going through was 27 .”
Evans had spent four years preparing for this 28 of a lifetime but nothing could have readied her for the 29 of an ocean crossing. Even just before setting off, the trip was 30 by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic which forced the challenge to be 31 by a year. As soon as the challenge was 32 , difficulties came on the heels — High winds made rowing and sleeping extremely difficult, causing Evans to float off 33 at times. At one point she was even 34 outside of her cabin (舱) after a wave locked the 35 from the inside. It took her three hours to open the 36 . Evans often unavoidably got sunburnt, but she managed to 37 in extreme conditions.
“It’s a very 38 sport for me because you can’t get off when you’re there and you have to 39 it. So it was so, so inviting,” said Evans, who was 40 to cross the Atlantic after climbing Mont Blanc in 2017.
21．A．flew B．drove C．measured D．covered
22．A．avoiding B．battling C．facing D．surviving
23．A．aid B．match C．record D．meet
24．A．problems B．tricks C．successes D．surprises
25．A．casually B．magically C．naturally D．eventually
26．A．tougher B．stranger C．busier D．funnier
27．A．smooth B．huge C．surprising D．common
28．A．expectation B．destination C．journey D．discovery
29．A．wisdom B．discouragement C．reality D．flag
30．A．troubled B．destroyed C．guided D．monitored
31．A．motivated B．postponed C．accumulated D．shortened
32．A．halfway B．nearby C．overhead D．underway
33．A．bay B．port C．track D．island
34．A．stored B．stuck C．fixed D．discovered
35．A．drawer B．cupboard C．shelter D．door
36．A．lock B．chain C．wheel D．zipper
37．A．rescue B．escape C．lose D．recover
38．A．easy B．attractive C．mild D．basic
39．A．deal with B．break into C．take up D．come across
40．A．forced B．ordered C．inspired D．asked
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．C 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．D 36．A 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了35岁的英国律师维多利亚·埃文斯仅靠一艘小船陪伴，成功地横渡了大西洋的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位35岁的女选手在40天19小时内完成了4740公里的航程，与大风、巨浪和睡眠不足作斗争，创下了女子单人划船横渡大西洋的最快纪录。A. flew飞；B. drove驾驶；C. measured测量；D. covered行走（一段距离）。结合下文“4,740 kilometers in 40 days and 19 hours”可知，此处指她在40天19小时内完成了4740公里的航程，即行进了那么长的距离。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. avoiding避免；B. battling作战；斗争；C. facing面对；D. surviving幸存。结合下文“high winds, big waves and lack of sleep”可知，此处指与大风，巨浪和睡眠不足作斗争，故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aid帮助；B. match匹配；C. record创下记录；D. meet会面。结合下文“the fastest female solo row across the Atlantic Ocean”及“broke the previous world record by over eight days”可知，此处指她创下了女子单人划船横渡大西洋的最快纪录。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管一路上遇到了很多问题和极端条件，埃文斯最终还是以8天多的成绩打破了之前的世界纪录。A. problems问题；B. tricks诡计；C. successes成功；D. surprises惊讶。结合上文“across the Atlantic Ocean”及下文“and extreme conditions along the way”可知，在横渡大西洋的过程中，有很多的困难和极端条件。故选A。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. casually随意地；B. magically神奇地；C. naturally自然地；D. eventually最终地。结合下文“broke the previous world record by over eight days”可知，她创下了新的记录，所以此处指最终她成功地实现了破纪录。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉 CNN 体育频道说：“这比我想象的要困难得多，我可能遭遇到了最强的风，你需要继续经历的适应是巨大的。”A. tougher更困难的；B. stranger更奇怪的；C. busier更忙碌的；D. funnier更有趣的。结合后文“I got probably the strongest wind and the adaptation you need to keep”可知，她划船横渡大西洋，所以这比她想的要困难的多。故选A。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. smooth顺利的；B. huge巨大的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. common普通的。结合前文“I got probably the strongest wind and the adaptation you need to keep going through was”可知，空处的词应和前文的strongest意思相近，所以此处指需要适应的继续坚持是巨大的。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯花了四年的时间为这次千载难逢的旅行做准备，但面对横渡大洋的现实，她什么也没有做好准备。A. expectation期待；B. destination目的地；C. journey行程；旅程；D. discovery发现。结合前文内容及下文“the trip was…by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，埃文斯成功地单人划船横渡大西洋，所以此处指她花了四年时间来准备这次横渡大西洋的航行。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wisdom智慧；B. discouragement沮丧；C. reality现实；D. flag旗帜。结合上文“high winds, big waves”及“I got probably the strongest wind ”可知，此处指大西洋上的客观现实是你无法准备应对的。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至在出发之前，这次航行就被2019冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题所困扰，迫使这一挑战推迟了一年。A. troubled困扰；B. destroyed破坏；C. guided带领；D. monitored监视。结合下文“by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，此处指由于冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题所困扰，故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. motivated激发；B. postponed推迟；C. accumulated积累；D. shortened缩短。结合上文“the COVID-19 pandemic which forced the challenge to be”及下文“by a year”可知，此处指因为冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题，迫使这次挑战推迟了一年。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦挑战开始，强风使划船和睡眠变得极其困难，埃文斯有时会漂离路线。A. halfway中途的；B. nearby附近的；C. overhead头顶上的；D. underway正在进行中的。结合下文“High winds made rowing and sleeping extremely difficult”可知，这里谈到了横渡大西洋期间，所面临的恶劣的环境情形，所以此处指在挑战进行期间，故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bay湾；B. port港口；C. track路线；轨道；D. island岛。结合前文“High winds made rowing and sleeping extremely difficult, causing Evans to float off ”可知，在埃文斯横渡大西洋期间，恶劣的自然环境迫使她偏离了路线。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，她甚至被困在自己的船舱外面，因为一个波浪从里面把门锁上了。A. stored贮存；B. stuck困住；C. fixed固定；D. discovered发现。结合下文“outside of her cabin (舱) after a wave locked the…from the inside”可知，海浪把船舱的门从里面锁住了，导致她被困在了船舱外面。故选B。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. drawer抽屉；B. cupboard橱柜；C. shelter庇护所；D. door门。结合前文“outside of her cabin (舱)”及下文“from the inside”可知，此处指大浪把船舱的门从里面锁住了。故选D。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她花了三个小时才打开船舱门的锁。A. lock锁；B. chain链条；C. wheel轮子；D. zipper拉链。结合上文“a wave locked the…from the inside”可知，此处指大浪把舱门锁住了，因而此处指她用了三个小时时间把锁打开，故选A。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯经常不可避免地被晒伤，但她设法在极端条件下恢复过来。A. rescue营救；B. escape逃脱；C. lose失去；D. recover恢复。结合前文“British lawyer Victoria Evans succeeded in crossing the Atlantic Ocean.”可知，埃文斯成功地横渡了大西洋，因而此处指在极端条件下，埃文斯设法恢复过来。故选D。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这对我来说是一项非常有吸引力的运动，因为当你在那里的时候，你不能下船，你必须应对它。所以它非常非常有吸引力，”埃文斯说，她在2017年攀登勃朗峰后，受到启发要跨越大西洋。A. easy容易的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. mild温和的；D. basic基本的。根据后文“So it was so, so inviting(所以它非常非常吸引人)”指这是一项非常有吸引力的运动，故选B。
39．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. deal with解决；处理；B. break into破门而入；C. take up从事；D. come across偶遇。结合上文“you can’t get off when you’re there”可知，在航行中你不能下船，你需要解决这些问题。故选A。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. inspired启发，鼓舞；D. asked询问。根据下文“after climbing Mont Blanc in 2017”可知，此处指她在2017年成功攀登勃朗峰后，受到了启发，决定穿越大西洋。故选C。
Close 3
（2023·天津·耀华中学校考二模）Ken Campbell had last attempted running at high school. When his wife, Susan, injured her foot, she needed 41 to rejoin her running group, so Campbell went along to keep her company in the 42 . “We were just walking at the beginning,” he says, “I was heavy, and weighed over 90kg.” But as the weeks and months passed, the weight 43 , Susan recovered and Campbell’s 44 grew. At the age of 63, he ran 50km, and at 70, he completed a 100km ultramarathon.
So how does someone with no 45 precedent (先例) become an ultradistance runner in his 60s and 70s? Susan had run marathons before her 46 , but for Campbell, the turning point came when Susan’s Fleet Feet running group 47 the trails in the Sierra Nevada foothills near their home.
Campbell went out to visit Susan’s group, and “the trails were a terrible 48 . It had been raining, and I was slipping, 49 and falling. But I thought, well, I like this a lot.”
What he liked 50 was the feeling of “being wrapped by the trail, being 51 by the closeness of the vegetation (植被) and the nearness of the river. I was walking where 52 people had walked for thousands of years and where miners had walked on their way to gold.”
Running the 100km ultramarathon took Campbell 16 hours. When Campbell 53 the finish line at 3 am, Susan handed him a 100km sticker to 54 on the back of his truck. He already had a 50km one on there. “It is a public statement that you are part of this 55 ,” he says. “Wherever we park, I see a line of 56 with their various stickers and I feel that we are a tribe (部落).”
Campbell suffered arthritis (关节炎) before he started running, and was “a(n) 57 for knee replacement”, but for now, he is 58 on surgery. It can 59 the running—but the “sense of wellbeing and accomplishment will carry me on forever”, he says, “If I can’t run, I will 60 .”
41．A．operation B．support C．dignity D．arrangement
42．A．symptom B．recovery C．treatment D．diagnosis
43．A．came out B．got around C．went off D．fell away
44．A．talent B．health C．experiences D．abilities
45．A．sporting B．volunteering C．appealing D．inspiring
46．A．graduation B．injury C．growth D．attendance
47．A．moved about B．accounted for C．got off D．took to
48．A．fancy B．atmosphere C．mess D．dream
49．A．sliding B．moving C．hiking D．stretching
50．A．above all B．at random C．on purpose D．in turn
51．A．appreciated B．invited C．buried D．embraced
52．A．familiar B．generous C．native D．strange
53．A．parted B．returned C．crossed D．divided
54．A．locate B．display C．remain D．advertise
55．A．community B．achievement C．process D．class
56．A．drivers B．vehicles C．athletes D．trees
57．A．target B．alternative C．candidate D．survivor
58．A．staying up B．living through C．looking back D．holding off
59．A．throw light on B．put an end to C．have an eye for D．take advantage of
60．A．lie B．rest C．stop D．walk
【答案】41．B 42．B 43．D 44．D 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．A 51．D 52．C 53．C 54．B 55．A 56．B 57．C 58．D 59．B 60．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了没有运动先例的坎贝尔因照顾妻子与跑步结缘，并热爱上这项运动的故事。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他的妻子苏珊的脚受伤时，她需要帮助才能重新加入跑步小组，所以坎贝尔陪着她一起康复。A. operation操作；B. support帮助；C. dignity尊严；D. arrangement安排。根据句中“Susan, injured her foot”和“to rejoin her running group”可推知，坎贝尔的妻子脚受伤，她需要丈夫的帮助才能重新回到跑步小组。故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他的妻子苏珊的脚受伤时，她需要帮助才能重新加入跑步小组，所以坎贝尔陪着她一起康复。A. symptom症状；B. recovery康复；C. treatment治疗；D. diagnosis诊断。根据上文“Susan, injured her foot”和下文“We were just walking at the beginning,”可知，苏珊只能行走，受伤的脚还在康复期。故选B项。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但几周、几个月过去了，体重减轻了，苏珊恢复了健康，坎贝尔的能力也增强了。A. came out出来；B. got around传播；C. went off关闭；D. fell away消瘦。上文“I was heavy, and weighed over 90kg.”讲坎贝尔太胖了，结合句中“But as the weeks and months passed”可推知，通过锻炼他的体重减轻了。故选D项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但几周、几个月过去了，体重减轻了，苏珊恢复了健康，坎贝尔的能力也增强了。A. talent才能；B. health健康；C. experiences经验；D. abilities能力。根据下文“At the age of 63, he ran 50km, and at 70, he completed a 100km ultramarathon.”可知，坎贝尔的运动能力增强了。故选D项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，一个没有运动先例的人是如何在六七十岁的时候成为一名超远距离运动员的呢？A. sporting体育运动的；B. volunteering自愿的；C. appealing吸引人的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据第一段中“Ken Campbell had last attempted running at high school.”和“I was heavy, and weighed over 90kg.”可知，坎贝尔不是一个爱运动的人，没有运动的先例。故选A项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：苏珊在受伤前跑过马拉松，但对坎贝尔来说，转折点出现在苏珊的Fleet Feet跑步小组喜欢上他们家附近的内华达山脉山麓的小径。A. graduation毕业；B. injury伤害；C. growth增长；D. attendance出勤。根据上文“When his wife, Susan, injured her foot, she needed 1 to rejoin her running group”可知，苏珊在受伤前跑过马拉松。故选B项。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：苏珊在受伤前跑过马拉松，但对坎贝尔来说，转折点出现在苏珊的Fleet Feet跑步小组喜欢上他们家附近的内华达山脉山麓的小径。A. moved about四处活动；B. accounted for说明；C. got off下车；D. took to喜欢。根据下一段中“Campbell went out to visit Susan’s group, and “the trails were a terrible 8 .”可知，苏珊的跑步小组在他们家附近的内华达山脉山麓小径跑步，说明跑步小组喜欢这里的环境。故选D项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：坎贝尔去拜访苏珊的跑步小组，发现“小径上一片狼藉。天一直在下雨，我失足，滑行。但我想，好吧，我很喜欢这个。”A. fancy想法；B. atmosphere气氛；C. mess混乱；D. dream梦想。根据下文“It had been raining, and I was slipping, 9 and falling.”可知，跑步的小径因为下雨一团糟。故选C项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：坎贝尔去拜访苏珊的跑步小组，发现“小径上一片狼藉。天一直在下雨，我失足，滑行。但我想，好吧，我很喜欢这个。”A. sliding滑行；B. moving移动；C. hiking徒步旅行；D. stretching伸展。与动词slipping和falling并列，表示“滑行”。故选A项。
50．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他最喜欢的是那种“被小径包裹着，被茂密的植被和河流所拥抱”的感觉。我走的地方是当地人走过几千年的地方，也是矿工们寻找黄金的地方。”A. above all首先，最重要的；B. at random随机；C. on purpose故意；D. in turn反过来。根据句中“the feeling of “being wrapped by the trail, being 11 by the closeness of the vegetation (植被) and the nearness of the river.”可知，这是坎贝尔最喜欢的部分。故选A项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. appreciated欣赏；B. invited邀请；C. buried埋葬；D. embraced拥抱。根据句中“the closeness of the vegetation”可推知，坎贝尔喜欢被动茂密的植被拥抱的感觉， embraced与上文wrapped同语一致。故选D项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. familiar熟悉；B. generous慷慨的；C. native本地的；D. strange奇怪的。根据句中“people had walked for thousands of years”可知，这些人是本地人。故选C项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当坎贝尔凌晨3点冲过终点线时，苏珊递给他一张100公里的贴纸，让他在卡车后面展示。A. parted分开；B. returned返回；C. crossed穿过；D. divided分开。根据句中“the finish line”可知，坎贝尔穿过了终点线。故选C项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当坎贝尔凌晨3点冲过终点线时，苏珊递给他一张100公里的贴纸，让他在卡车后面展示。A. locate定位；B. display展示；C. remain保持；D. advertise宣传。根据句中“on the back of his truck”可知，贴纸是拿来用于展示的。故选B项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一份公开声明，表明你是这个社区的一员。A. community社区；B. achievement成就；C. process过程；D. class类。根据下文“Wherever we park, I see a line of 16 with their various stickers and I feel that we are a tribe (部落).””可知，跑完100公里超级马拉松的人都有贴纸，所以他们是一个部落，一个社区。故选A项。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我们在哪里停车，我都会看到一排贴着各种贴纸的车辆，我觉得我们是一个部落。A. drivers司机；B. vehicles车辆；C. athletes运动员；D. trees树。根据上文“Susan handed him a 100km sticker to 14 on the back of his truck.”可知，贴纸是贴在车上的，所以他看到的是一排贴着各种贴纸的车辆。故选B项。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：坎贝尔在开始跑步之前患有关节炎，并且是“膝关节置换术的候选人”，但现在，他推迟了手术。A. target目标；B. alternative另一种选择；C. candidate候选人；D. survivor幸存者。根据句中“knee replacement”可知，坎贝尔在排队等候膝关节置换术，他是候选人。故选C项。
58．考查动词短语辨析。句意：坎贝尔在开始跑步之前患有关节炎，并且是“膝关节置换术的候选人”，但现在，他推迟了手术。A. staying up熬夜；B. living through渡过；C. looking back回顾；D. holding off暂缓。上文说坎贝尔在排队等候膝关节置换术，结合连词but可知，上下文之是转折关系，可推知，现在他推迟了手术。故选D项。
59．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它可以结束跑步，但“幸福感和成就感将永远支撑着我”，他说，“如果我不能跑，我会走。”A. throw light on揭示；B. put an end to结束；C. have an eye for很有眼力；D. take advantage of利用。根据上文可知，坎贝尔患有关节炎，关节炎可能会结束他的跑步生涯。故选B项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它可以结束跑步，但“幸福感和成就感将永远支撑着我”，他说，“如果我不能跑，我会走。”A. lie撒谎；B. rest休息；C. stop停止；D. walk走。根据上文“sense of wellbeing and accomplishment will carry me on forever”可推知，坎贝尔不会放弃锻炼，即使不能跑，他还是会坚持行走。故选D项。
Close 4
（2023·河南·统考二模）When Mrs. Klein told her first graders to draw a picture of something for which they were thankful, she thought how 61 these children, who lived in a deteriorating(正在恶化的)neighborhood, actually had to be thankful for. Since it was Thanksgiving Day, she 62 that most of the class would draw pictures of turkeys or of Thanksgiving tables with lots of food. That was what they believed was expected of them.
What took Mrs. Klein aback was Douglas’s 63 . Douglas was so lonely and likely to be found close in her 64 as they went outside for break. Douglas’s drawing was simply this: A hand, 65 , but whose hand? The class was 66 by his image.
“I think it must be the hand of God that brings us food,” said one student.
“A farmer,” said another, “because they 67 the turkeys.”
“It looks more like a 68 , and they protect us.”
“I think,” said Lavinia, who was always so 69 , “that it is supposed to be all the hands that help us, 70 Douglas could only draw one of them.”
Mrs. Klein had 71 forgotten Douglas in her 72 at finding the class so responsive. When she had the others at work on another projects she 73 his desk and asked whose hand it was. Douglas mumbled, “It’s yours, Teacher.”
Then Mrs. Klein 74 that she had taken Douglas by the hand from time to time; she 75 did that with the children. But it should have 76 so much to Douglas...
Mrs. Klein was deeply 77 from the bottom of her heart. Perhaps, she 78 , this was her Thanksgiving, and everybody’s Thanksgiving —not the 79 things given to us, but the small 80 that we give something to others.
61．A．happy B．much C．many D．little
62．A．persuaded B．knew C．doubted D．suspected
63．A．picture B．question C．information D．gesture
64．A．group B．classroom C．shadow D．heart
65．A．generally B．obviously C．absolutely D．commonly
66．A．amused B．shocked C．fascinated D．pleased
67．A．develop B．purchase C．bring D．raise
68．A．policeman B．teacher C．donor D．psychologist
69．A．shy B．bold C．serious D．funny
70．A．and B．but C．so D．for
71．A．almost B．completely C．merely D．hardly
72．A．pleasure B．calmness C．curiosity D．madness
73．A．stood up B．passed by C．bent over D．came across
74．A．reconsidered B．rethought C．reminded D．recalled
75．A．never B．often C．seldom D．sometimes
76．A．reacted B．happened C．referred D．meant
77．A．satisfied B．touched C．disappointed D．frustrated
78．A．forgot B．remembered C．claimed D．reflected
79．A．material B．abstract C．mental D．solid
80．A．kindness B．things C．ways D．care
【答案】61．D 62．B 63．A 64．C 65．B 66．C 67．D 68．A 69．C 70．B 71．A 72．A 73．C 74．D 75．B 76．D 77．B 78．D 79．A 80．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述了学生道格拉斯在感恩节时画了一只老师的手来表达对老师的感恩之情。
61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当克莱恩夫人告诉她的一年级学生画一幅他们感恩的东西时，她想，这些生活在一个日益恶化的社区的孩子们实际上他们不得不感恩的东西是多么少。A. happy高兴的；B. much许多的（修饰不可数名词）；C. many许多的（修饰可数名词）；D. little少的。由上文“who lived in a deteriorating(正在恶化的)neighborhood”可知，孩子们生活在一个日益恶化的社区，所以他们能感恩的东西很少。故选D。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为今天是感恩节，她知道班上大部分同学都会画火鸡，或者会画感恩节餐桌上的很多食物。A. persuaded劝说；B. knew知道；C. doubted怀疑；D. suspected怀疑。由上文“Since it was Thanksgiving Day”和下文“that most of the class would draw pictures of turkeys or of Thanksgiving tables with lots of food.”可知，今天是感恩节，所以克莱恩夫人知道班上大部分同学都会画火鸡或者画一些食物，故选B。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：让克莱因太太吃惊的是道格拉斯的画。A. picture画；B. question问题；C. information信息；D. gesture手势。由上文“draw a picture”和下文“Douglas’s drawing”可知，此处指道格拉斯的画的画，故选A。
64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：道格拉斯是如此的孤单，当他们下课到外面休息时，他很可能会在她的附近被发现。A. group群体；B. classroom教室；C. shadow影子；D. heart心。由上文“Douglas was so lonely and likely to be found close in her”可知，道格拉斯很孤单，所以在下课到外面休息时，他总是挨着老师，即一个人在老师附近，close in one’s shadow此处引申为“离某人很近”。故选C。
65．考查副词词义辨析。句意：道格拉斯的画很简单： 一只手，很明显，但是谁的手呢？A. generally大概；B. obviously显然地；C. absolutely绝对地；D. commonly共同地。由上文“Douglas’s drawing was simply this: A hand”可知，道格拉斯的画很简单：只画了一只很明显的手。故选B。
66．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全班同学都被他的画吸引住了。A. amused逗乐的；B. shocked震惊的；C. fascinated极感兴趣的；D. pleased高兴的。由下文““I think it must be the hand of God that brings us food,” said one student...“I think,” said Lavinia”同学们的讨论可知，同学们被道格斯的画吸引住，故选C。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意： “一个农民，”另一个人说，“因为他们养火鸡。”A. develop发展；B. purchase购买；C. bring带来；D. raise提高；喂养。由上文“A farmer”可知，火鸡是由农民养的，故选D。
68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它看起来更像一个警察，他们保护我们。A. policeman警察；B. teacher老师；C. donor捐赠者；D. psychologist心理学家。由下文“they protect us”可知，是警察保护我们，故选A。
69．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我想，”拉维尼娅说，她总是那么认真，“它应该是所有帮助我们的人，但道格拉斯只能画出其中的一个。”A. shy害羞的；B. bold大胆的；C. serious严肃的；认真的；D. funny有趣的。由下文“that it is supposed to be all the hands that help us”可知，拉维尼娅认为这只手应该是所有帮助我们的人，她考虑的比别的同学更多，这说明她认真思考，故选C。
70．考查连词词义辨析。句意：“我想，”拉维尼娅说，她总是那么严肃，“它应该是所有帮助我们的人，但道格拉斯只能画出其中的一个。”A. and并且；B. but但是；C. so因此；D. for因为。前后是转折关系，应用转折连词but，故选B。
71．考查副词词义辨析。句意：克莱因太太发现全班同学反应如此热烈，高兴得几乎把道格拉斯给忘了。A. almost几乎；B. completely完全地；C. merely仅仅；D. hardly几乎不。由下文“at finding the class so responsive.”可知，克莱因太太让其他同学一起讨论道格拉斯的画，她发现全班同学反应如此热烈，高兴得她几乎忘了道格拉斯，故选A。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：克莱因太太发现全班同学反应如此热烈，高兴得几乎把道格拉斯给忘了。A. pleasure乐趣；B. calmness冷静；C. curiosity好奇；D. madness疯狂。由下文“at finding the class so responsive.”可知，看到学生谈论如此激励，作为老师应该高兴。故选A。
73．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当她让其他人做另一个项目时，她在他的桌子那弯下腰来，问这是谁的手。A. stood up站起来；B. passed by路过；C. bent over俯身；D. came across偶遇。由下文“his desk and asked whose hand it was”和常识可知，桌子低于人的身高，所以当老师和道格拉斯说话时，应该是弯腰俯身，故选C。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后克莱恩夫人回想起来，她时不时地拉着道格拉斯的手，她经常这样对孩子们。A. reconsidered重新考虑；B. rethought重新思考；C. reminded提醒；D. recalled回想。由下文“that she had taken Douglas by the hand from time to time”可知，此处指克莱恩夫人回想起来自己曾经牵过道格拉斯和其他孩子的手，故选D。
75．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后克莱恩夫人回想起来，她时不时地拉着道格拉斯的手，她经常这样对孩子们。A. never从不；B. often经常；C. seldom很少；D. sometimes有时候。由下文“did that with the children.”可知，此处指克莱恩夫人经常牵孩子们的手，故选B。
76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这对道格拉斯来说意义重大。A. reacted反应；B. happened发生；C. referred参考；D. meant意味着。由下文“so much to Douglas...”和上文提到的道格斯画的是老师的手可知，这说明老师牵道格拉斯的手，这对道格拉斯来说意义重大，故选D。
77．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：克莱恩夫人由衷地被深深地感动了。A. satisfied满意的；B. touched感动的；C. disappointed失望的；D. frustrated沮丧的。由下文“from the bottom of her heart.”可知，看到学生画自己的手老师应该是感动，故选B。
78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许，她深思，这就是她的感恩节，也是每个人的感恩节——不是给我们的物质的东西，而是以这种小小的方式给别人东西。A. forgot忘记；B. remembered记住；C. claimed声称；D. reflected反应；深思。由下文“this was her Thanksgiving, and everybody’s Thanksgiving”可知，老师通过这件事深思，故选D。
79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许，她想，这就是她的感恩节，也是每个人的感恩节——不是给我们物质的东西，而是以这种小小的方式给别人东西。A. material物质的；B. abstract抽象的；C. mental精神的；D. solid坚固的。由下文“things given to us,”可知，此处指物质的东西，故选A。
80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许，她想，这就是她的感恩节，也是每个人的感恩节——不是给我们物质的东西，而是以这种小小的方式给别人东西。A. kindness友好；B. things东西；C. ways方法；D. care关系。由下文“that we give something to others.”和文章提到道格拉斯画了老师的手来表达对老师的感恩可知，他通过这种小小的方式来表达自己的感恩。故选C。
Close 5
（2020·四川·校联考模拟预测）It was the third day after the quake already.
The rescue workers were still looking for 81 . They knew with each minute passing, the chance to find someone alive gets slimmer. They were 82 . Since the quake, many of 83 had been working constantly, without any good sleep. The 84 to these mountainous towns and villages were destroyed. They did not have 85 to work with. All they had were shovels and their bare hands.
But they were still looking for survivors.
“Come here! There is a body!” 86 a rescue worker. Under a big chunk of roof was a 87 . She was lying with a strange pose — she 88 on the ground with her upper body stretching forward. Her head was on the ground too, 89 she was praying for her survival.
The woman was not responsive to any call. 90 , just to make sure, the nurse still tried to test her 91 , to see if she was still breathing.
Not really. She was breathless, and her body cold. Praying or not, it did not 92 . The team moved on.
When the team reached the 93 collapsed building, the captain suddenly ran back to the woman, as if 94 something. He lay down, and stretched his arm to touch the space 95 her.
“There is a baby! And he is alive!” He cried out.
It was a newly-born, neatly wrapped in a 96 decorated with flowers. Miraculously, he did not even have a scratch in his body. When taken 97 , he was still peacefully sleeping.
The nurse took the baby and started doing routine 98 . When unwrapping the blanket, she found a cell phone tucked between the baby and his diaper. 99 had a text message written on the screen, 100 :
“My dear baby, if you can survive, please remember mom loves you.”
81．A．survivors B．bodies C．victims D．patients
82．A．overdrunk B．overslept C．overworked D．overcrowded
83．A．whom B．them C．which D．that
84．A．highways B．motorways C．roads D．railways
85．A．machinery B．helpers C．goals D．leaders
86．A．screamed B．laughed C．said D．shouted
87．A．girl B．woman C．baby D．student
88．A．kneeled B．sat C．lay D．fell
89．A．even if B．as if C．although D．so
90．A．Moreover B．Meanwhile C．However D．Otherwise
91．A．pulse B．temperature C．blood pressure D．breath
92．A．matter B．help C．count D．mind
93．A．last B．other C．former D．next
94．A．realizing B．recognizing C．imaging D．understanding
95．A．above B．under C．beside D．opposite
96．A．overcoat B．sheet C．blanket D．quilt
97．A．in B．down C．out D．up
98．A．exams B．quizs C．competitions D．tests
99．A．They B．He C．We D．It
100．A．speaking B．reading C．telling D．annoucing
【答案】81．A 82．C 83．B 84．C 85．A 86．D 87．B 88．A 89．B 90．C 91．D 92．B 93．D 94．A 95．B 96．C 97．C 98．A 99．D 100．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述地震救援工作人员发现一位母亲用自己的身体在废墟下为刚出生的婴儿撑起生命空间的感人故事。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：救援人员仍在寻找幸存者。A. survivors幸存者；B. bodies身体，尸体；C. victims受害者；D. patients病人。根据下文“They knew with each minute passing, the chance to find someone alive gets slimmer.”可知，他们在寻找幸存者。故选A。
82．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们过度劳累了。A. overdrunk过度饮酒的；B. overslept睡过头的；C. overworked过度劳累的；D. overcrowded过度拥挤的。根据下文“Since the quake, many of 3 had been working constantly, without any good sleep.”可知，他们过度劳累。故选C。
83．考查代词和连词。句意：自从地震以来，他们中的许多人一直在不停地工作，没有睡好觉。A. whom指人；B. them他们；C. which指物；D. that指人/物。分析句子成分可知，这是一个简单句，不需要连词，空处作句子主语，位于介词of后用宾格形式。故选B。
84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通往山区的城镇和村庄的路被摧毁。A. highways公路；B. motorways高速公路；C. roads道路；D. railways铁路。根据本句“to these mountainous towns and villages”可知，通往山区的城镇和村庄的路。故选C。
85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们没有机器来工作。A. machinery机器；B. helpers帮助者；C. goals目标；D. leaders领导者。根据下文“All they had were shovels and their bare hands.”可知，他们只有铲子，说明没有机器。故选A。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“到这儿来！有一个人！”一名救援人员喊道。A. screamed尖叫；B. laughed大笑；C. said说；D. shouted大喊。根据常识以及本句““Come here! There is a body!””可知，他是大喊。故选D。
87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一大块屋顶下有一个妇女。A. girl女孩；B. woman妇女；C. baby婴儿；D. student学生。根据后文“the captain suddenly ran back to the woman”可知，这是妇女。故选B。
88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她以一种奇怪的姿势躺着——她跪在地上，上半身向前伸展。A. kneeled跪；B. sat坐；C. lay躺，撒谎；D. fell落下。根据后文“she was praying for her survival”可知，她的姿势好像在祈祷，故可知她是跪着的。故选A。
89．考查连词词义辨析。句意：她的头也垂在地上，仿佛在为自己的生存祈祷。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C. although尽管；D. so所以。根据前文“she 8 on the ground with her upper body stretching forward.”可知，姿势的描述，好像是祈祷的姿势。故选B。
90．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，为了确保万无一失，护士仍然试着测试她的呼吸，看她是否还有呼吸。A. Moreover而且；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据前文“The woman was not responsive to any call.”以及空后“just to make sure, the nurse still tried to test her 11 , to see if she was still breathing.”可知，前后为转折关系。虽然没有了生命的迹象，但是护士还是对她进行检查。故选C。
91．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，为了确保万无一失，护士仍然试着测试她的呼吸，看她是否还有呼吸。A. pulse脉搏；B. temperature温度；C. blood pressure血压；D. breath呼吸。根据本句“to see if she was still breathing”可知，是检查呼吸。故选D。
92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管祈祷与否，都无济于事。A. matter要紧；B. help帮助；C. count重要；D. mind介意。根据前文“She was breathless, and her body cold”可知，她已经没有生命体征了，祈祷不祈祷，都没用了。故选B。
93．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当救援队到达下一个倒塌的建筑物时，队长突然跑回那个女人身边，好像意识到了什么。A. last最后的；B. other别的；C. former前者的；D. next下一个的。根据常识可知，救援队搜救是挨着搜救的，因此此处指到下一个倒塌的建筑。故选D。
94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当救援队到达下一个倒塌的建筑物时，队长突然跑回那个女人身边，好像意识到了什么。A. realizing意识到；B. recognizing辨别出，认可；C. imaging想象；D. understanding明白。根据本句“the captain suddenly ran back to the woman”可知，队长突然跑回女士那里，是意识到了什么。故选A。
95．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他躺下，伸出胳膊去摸她身下的空间。A. above超过；B. under在……下面；C. beside在……旁边；D. opposite在……对面。根据前文“she 8 on the ground with her upper body stretching forward.”可知，这种姿势会在下面形成空间。故选B。
96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个新生儿，被整齐地包裹在一条装饰着鲜花的毯子里。A. overcoat外套；B. sheet床单；C. blanket毯子；D. quilt被子。根据后文“When unwrapping the blanket”可知，是毯子。故选C。
97．考查介词词义辨析。句意：当他被带出来时，他还在安静地睡觉。A. in在……里；B. down在……下面；C. out向外；D. up向上。前文“she 8 on the ground with her upper body stretching forward.”可知，婴儿被从这种姿势形成的空间里被抱出来。根据故选C。
98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：护士抱着孩子开始做例行检查。A. exams考试，检查；B. quizs小测验；C. competitions竞赛；D. tests测试。根据本句主语“The nurse”可知，护士要对婴儿进行检查。故选A。
99．考查代词词义辨析。句意：屏幕上写着一条短信：“亲爱的孩子，如果你能活下来，请记住妈妈爱你。”A. They他们；B. He他；C. We我们；D. It它。照应前文“a cell phone”可知，此处是指手机的屏幕上有一句话。故选D。
100．考查动词词义辨析。句意：屏幕上写着一条短信：“亲爱的孩子，如果你能活下来，请记住妈妈爱你。”A. speaking说；B. reading写着；C. telling告诉；D. annoucing宣布。根据本句“a text message”可知，短信上写着。故选B。
专题15完形填空（20空）-2023年高考真题及模拟题汇编
2023年高考真题
Close 1
【2023年全国乙卷】To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she ____21____ best. She had to ___22___ her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say ____23____ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to ____24____ waves on her board. But it was ____25____ to take the leap (飞跃), however ____26____ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she ____27____ about 1,200 miles away from home, to ____28____ with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never ____29____ and everything was new to her.
As it turned out Douglas did ____30____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she ____31____two Russians. The Chinese coach ____32____ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the ____33____, helping her skyrocket from an ____34____ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By ____35____ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She ____36____ the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt ____37____ all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it ____38____ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought ____39____ that she could make the London Games-and win.
“I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to ____40____.” And shine she did.
21. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew
22. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
23. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
24. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike
25. A. common B. time C. fun D. tough
26. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C. eye-catching D. head-spinning
27. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off
28. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train
29. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed
30. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly
31. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted
32. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put
33. A. world B. city C. team D. state
34. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic
35. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding
36. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led
37. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy
38. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took
39. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on
40. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员Gabby Douglas为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1200英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教练的训练下，Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A. tried尝试；B. thought思考；C. judged判断；D. knew知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“1,200 miles away from home”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事；B. pack up整理；收拾行李；C. clean up清理；D. do up装修。由上文“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下文“her bedroom in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. goodbye再见；B. hello你好；C. thanks感谢；D. no没有；否定的回答。由上“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”可知，Gabby Douglas要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. cause引起；B. observe观察；C. ride骑；漂浮；D. strike打击。由下文“waves on her board.”可知，此处表示冲浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A. common平民；普通；B. time时间；C. fun乐趣；D. tough暴徒。由下文“to take the leap (飞跃)”可知，虽然离开自己所熟悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人伤心。A. breathtaking激动人心的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；令人伤心的；C. eye-catching引人注目的；D. head-spinning头晕的。上文提到的Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A. dropped out退出；B. moved on继续。C. pulled over靠边停车；D. went off离开。由下文“about 1,200 miles away from home,”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A. reason推理；B. talk谈话；C. compete竞争；D. train培训。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event”和下文“with a coach from China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A. met遇到；见过；B. helped帮助；C. understood理解；D. needed需要。由下文“everything was new to her.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. approximately大约；B.gradually逐渐地；C. exactly准确地；完全；D. possibly可能地。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Gabby Douglas获得了奥运会全能冠军，由此可知，Gabby Douglas完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. defeated打败；B. pleased使高兴；C. respected尊敬；D. assisted帮助。由上文“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. forced强迫；B. transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；C. persuaded劝说；D. put放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. world世界；B. city城市；C. team团队；D. state国家。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。 A. amateury业余爱好的；B. elected当选的；C. average平均的；普通的；D. enthusiastic热情的。由下文“member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，这位中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A. clarifying分类；B. defending打败；C. winning赢得；D. demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. followed跟随；B. organized组织；C. watched观看；D. led带领；领先。由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A. confident自信的；坚信的；B. nervous紧张的；C. excited兴奋的；D. uneasy不安的。由下文“all along that she would win.”可知，Douglas一直坚信自己会赢，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A. viewed看待；B. appeared出现；C. mattered重要；D. took需要。由下文“to be an Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”，故选D。
【39题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。A. now and then时不时地；B. more and more越来越多；C. far and wide广泛地；D. on and on不断地。由上文“As time went by”和下文“that she could make the London Games-and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，Douglas越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A. shine照耀；发光；B. fly飞行；C. dance跳舞；D. score得分。由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和“And shine she did.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。
Close2
【2023年全国甲卷】Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we ___21___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___22___ its way down the hill toward us. It was ___23___ called Mario, coming to ___24___ us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice ___25___ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ___26___ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, ___27___ things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any ___28___, we thought. But we were ___29___ his kindness, so we ___30___ them.
What we discovered is that it’s ___31___ to judge what you eat only by its ___32___. Those tomatoes had ___33___ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes ___34___ perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a ___35___ memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can ___36___ them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was ___37___.
It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re ___38___, and as close as possible to where they were ___39___. What Mario had ___40___ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
21. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed
22. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling
23. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger
24. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show
25. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture
26. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored
27. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun
28. A. more B. good C. new D. easy
29. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
30. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed
31. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual
32. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price
33. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste
34. A. smell B. look C. become D. work
35 A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague
36. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack
37. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar
38. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
39. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown
40. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待；B. met遇见；C. camped露营；D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤压；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“coming to 4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make one’s way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. customer顾客；B. neighbor邻居；C. relative亲戚；D. passenger乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 2 its way down the hill toward us.”以及最后一句“What Mario had 20 us was the taste of the Garfagnana”可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻居。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. show展示。根据后文“It was a very nice 5 for him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A. choice选择；B. comment议论；C. promise诺言；D. gesture姿态。根据前文“coming to 4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是好的姿态。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们事非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. worried担心的；B. moved感动的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. bored.感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. simple简单的；B. real真实的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. fun有趣的。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前文的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。A. more更多的；B. good好的；C. new新的；D. easy容易的。根据前文“But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 6 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 7 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.”可知，马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好，因此作者一家认为这些都不可能好。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic to同情；B. thankful for对……表示感谢；C. cautious about谨慎对待；D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was 3 called Mario, coming to 4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试；B. sold出售；C. returned回来；D. mixed混合。根据后文“Those tomatoes had 13 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. unnecessary不需要的；B. uncertain无把握；C. unwise不明智的；D. unusual特别的。结合前后文，可知，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. appearance外观；B. quality质量；C. origin源头；D. price价格。根据前文“we were 6 because they were so misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A. size尺寸；B. shape形状；C. color颜色；D. taste味道。根据后文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻起来；B. look看起来；C. become变成；D. work工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round, 7 things you get in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy快乐的；B. vivid清晰的；C. short短的；D. vague模糊的。根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. count计数；D. pack包装。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. useful有用的；C. convenient便利的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是当令的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. on view在展出；B. on sale出售；C. in season当令的；D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是当令的时候。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。A. finished完成；B. stored贮存；C. found找到；D. grown成长。根据前文“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was 3 called Mario, coming to 4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。
2023年名校模拟题
Close 1
（2022·四川泸州·校联考模拟预测）One day, a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. They waited anxiously at their desks for the test to begin. The professor 1 the question papers, with the text facing down as usual. 2 all the students got the papers, he asked them to 3 the page and begin. To everyone’s surprise, there were no 4 , just a black dot (点) in the center of the page. The professor, seeing the expression on everyone’s face, told them the following:
“I want you to write what you 5 there.”
The students, 6 , got started on the inexplicable (令人费解的) task.
At the end of the class, the professor 7 all the answer papers and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students. All of them, with no exception, 8 the black dot, trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc. After all had been read, the classroom was silent, and the professor began to explain:
“I’m not going to grade this. I just wanted to give you something to 9 . No one wrote about the 10 part of the paper. Everyone focused on the black dot, and the same happens in our 11 . We have a white paper to observe and 12 , but we always focus on the dark spots. Our life is a 13 given to us with love and care and we always have 14 to celebrate: nature renewing itself every day, our friends around us, the job that 15 our livelihood and the miracles we see every day.
16 , we insist on focusing only on the dark spots: the health issues that bother us, the lack of money, the 17 relationship with coworkers, the 18 with a friend, and etc.
The dark spots are very 19 compared to everything we have in our lives, but they are the ones that pollute our minds. Take your eyes 20 the black spots in your life.”
1．A．pointed at B．turned up C．brought up D．handed out
2．A．Since B．After C．While D．Until
3．A．fold B．open C．turn D．use
4．A．questions B．choices C．exercises D．scores
5．A．remember B．imagine C．see D．study
6．A．serious B．frustrated C．curious D．confused
7．A．finished B．collected C．marked D．selected
8．A．ignored B．painted C．described D．decorated
9．A．think about B．refer to C．hand out D．take along
10．A．big B．black C．white D．beautiful
11．A．lives B．classrooms C．colleges D．studies
12．A．send B．enjoy C．keep D．show
13．A．lesson B．duty C．pressure D．present
14．A．reasons B．time C．freedom D．festivals
15．A．threatens B．provides C．ruins D．changes
16．A．Besides B．Thus C．However D．Finally
17．A．close B．strong C．special D．troublesome
18．A．disappointment B．connection C．satisfaction D．stay
19．A．dark B．small C．round D．dirty
20．A．across B．through C．away from D．back to
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了课上教授用一次突击测试给学生上了一堂课，人生好比那张试卷，我们常常只关注那些问题一样的黑点，忘记了那些生活本身的美好一样的白色，我们需要的是让目光远离黑点。
1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：教授像往常一样把试卷朝下发给学生。A. pointed at指向；B. turned up出现；C. brought up提出；D. handed out分发。根据上文“asked his students to prepare for a surprise test”可知，教授让学生准备一次突击测试，所以是分发试卷。故选D。
2．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：当所有的学生拿到卷子后，他让他们翻页开始。A. Since自从；B. After在……之后；C. While虽然；D. Until直到。根据下文“all the students got the papers”和“he asked them to ____3____ the page and begin”并结合常识可知，学生都拿到卷子后，教授才会让学生开始答题，After“在……之后”符合事情的先后顺序。故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当所有的学生拿到卷子后，他让他们翻页开始。A. fold折叠；B. open开放；C. turn翻转；D. use使用。根据上文“with the text facing down as usual”可知，试卷发下来时卷面朝下，所以是把试卷翻转过来开始答题。故选C。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令所有人吃惊的是，没有问题，只有页面中央的一个黑点。A. questions问题；B. choices选择；C. exercises练习；D. scores分数。根据下文“just a black dot (点) in the center of the page”可知，试卷上只有中央的一个黑点，所以是没有问题。故选A。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要你们把看到的写下来。A. remember记住；B. imagine想象；C. see看；D. study研究。根据下文“All of them, with no exception, ____8____ the black dot, trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc.”可知，学生们的答案围绕试卷上的黑点展开，所以教授应该是让他们写下看到的东西。故选C。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们困惑了，开始做这个令人费解的任务。A. serious严重的；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. curious好奇的；D. confused困惑的。根据下文“got started on the inexplicable (令人费解的) task”可知，学生们觉得这个任务令人费解，所以应该是感到困惑。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在课程结束时，教授收好了所有的答卷，开始在所有学生面前大声朗读每一份答卷。A. finished完成；B. collected收集；C. marked标记；D. selected选择。根据下文“started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students”可知，教授朗读每一份答卷，所以是把答卷收上来。故选B。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们无一例外地描述了黑点，试图解释它在纸张中间的位置等等。A. ignored忽略；B. painted涂漆；C. described描述；D. decorated装饰。根据下文“trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc”可知，学生们都在解释黑点在纸张中间的位置等等，所以是对黑点进行描述。故选C。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是想让你好好思考。A. think about思考；B. refer to参考；C. hand out分发；D. take along带上。根据下文教授将生活和试卷类比，说明我们常常只关注那些问题一样的黑点，而忘记了生活本身的美好可推知，教授想让学生好好思考。故选A。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人写纸的白色部分。A. big大的；B. black黑色的；C. white白色的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据下文“Everyone focused on the black dot”可知，每个人关注的都是黑点，所以是没有人写纸的白色部分。故选C。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都把注意力集中在黑点上，我们的生活中也是如此。A. lives生活；B. classrooms教室；C. colleges学院；D. studies学业。根据下文“Our life”可知，教授从学生们只关注黑点，联系到生活中的现象。故选A。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一张白纸可以观察和欣赏，但我们总是关注黑点。A. send发送；B. enjoy欣赏；C. keep保持；D. show显示。根据下文“given to us with love and care”可推知，教授认为生活是美好的，所以应该是让我们观察和欣赏的。故选B。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. lesson课程；B. duty职责；C. pressure压力；D. present礼物。根据下文“given to us with love and care”可推知，生活应该是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物。故选D。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. reasons原因；B. time时间；C. freedom自由；D. festivals节日。根据下文“nature renewing itself every day, our friends around us, the job that ____15____ our livelihood and the miracles we see every day”可知，生活中充满了美好的事物，所以应该是有理由庆祝。故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. threatens威胁；B. provides提供；C. ruins破坏；D. changes改变。根据上文“the job”和下文“our livelihood”可推知，工作应该是为我们提供生计。故选B。
16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. Besides此外；B. Thus因此；C. However然而；D. Finally最后。上文在描述生活的美好，下文在说明我们只关注那些负面的问题，上下文之间是转折的关系，应用However“然而”。故选C。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. close亲密的；B. strong强大的；C. special特别的；D. troublesome麻烦的。根据上文“the health issues that bother us, the lack of money”可知，此处讨论的是负面的问题，troublesome“麻烦的”符合语境，表示“与同事的麻烦关系”。故选D。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. disappointment失望；B. connection联系；C. satisfaction满意；D. stay逗留。根据上文“the health issues that bother us, the lack of money”可知，此处讨论的是负面的问题，disappointment“失望”符合语境，表示“对朋友的失望”。故选A。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与我们生活中的一切相比，这些黑点是非常小的，但它们却污染了我们的思想。A. dark黑暗的；B. small小的；C. round圆形的；D. dirty脏的。根据上文所描述的生活的种种美好可推知，此处表示黑点与生活中所拥有的的一切相比其实很小。故选B。
20．考查介词（短语）词义辨析。句意：你的目光要远离你生活中的黑点。A. across横跨；B. through通过；C. away from远离；D. back to返回至。根据上文描述的生活其实很美好，其中的问题其实很渺小可推知，此处建议要少关注那些黑点一样的问题，即要目光要远离黑点。故选C。
Close 2
（2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测）With nothing but her small boat for company, British lawyer Victoria Evans succeeded in crossing the Atlantic Ocean.
The 35-year-old 21 4,740 kilometers in 40 days and 19 hours, 22 against high winds, big waves and lack of sleep to 23 the fastest female solo (单人) row across the Atlantic Ocean. Despite experiencing terrible 24 and extreme conditions along the way, Evans 25 broke the previous world record by over eight days. “It was much 26 than I expected,” she told CNN Sport, “I got probably the strongest wind and the adaptation you need to keep going through was 27 .”
Evans had spent four years preparing for this 28 of a lifetime but nothing could have readied her for the 29 of an ocean crossing. Even just before setting off, the trip was 30 by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic which forced the challenge to be 31 by a year. As soon as the challenge was 32 , difficulties came on the heels — High winds made rowing and sleeping extremely difficult, causing Evans to float off 33 at times. At one point she was even 34 outside of her cabin (舱) after a wave locked the 35 from the inside. It took her three hours to open the 36 . Evans often unavoidably got sunburnt, but she managed to 37 in extreme conditions.
“It’s a very 38 sport for me because you can’t get off when you’re there and you have to 39 it. So it was so, so inviting,” said Evans, who was 40 to cross the Atlantic after climbing Mont Blanc in 2017.
21．A．flew B．drove C．measured D．covered
22．A．avoiding B．battling C．facing D．surviving
23．A．aid B．match C．record D．meet
24．A．problems B．tricks C．successes D．surprises
25．A．casually B．magically C．naturally D．eventually
26．A．tougher B．stranger C．busier D．funnier
27．A．smooth B．huge C．surprising D．common
28．A．expectation B．destination C．journey D．discovery
29．A．wisdom B．discouragement C．reality D．flag
30．A．troubled B．destroyed C．guided D．monitored
31．A．motivated B．postponed C．accumulated D．shortened
32．A．halfway B．nearby C．overhead D．underway
33．A．bay B．port C．track D．island
34．A．stored B．stuck C．fixed D．discovered
35．A．drawer B．cupboard C．shelter D．door
36．A．lock B．chain C．wheel D．zipper
37．A．rescue B．escape C．lose D．recover
38．A．easy B．attractive C．mild D．basic
39．A．deal with B．break into C．take up D．come across
40．A．forced B．ordered C．inspired D．asked
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．C 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．D 36．A 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了35岁的英国律师维多利亚·埃文斯仅靠一艘小船陪伴，成功地横渡了大西洋的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位35岁的女选手在40天19小时内完成了4740公里的航程，与大风、巨浪和睡眠不足作斗争，创下了女子单人划船横渡大西洋的最快纪录。A. flew飞；B. drove驾驶；C. measured测量；D. covered行走（一段距离）。结合下文“4,740 kilometers in 40 days and 19 hours”可知，此处指她在40天19小时内完成了4740公里的航程，即行进了那么长的距离。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. avoiding避免；B. battling作战；斗争；C. facing面对；D. surviving幸存。结合下文“high winds, big waves and lack of sleep”可知，此处指与大风，巨浪和睡眠不足作斗争，故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aid帮助；B. match匹配；C. record创下记录；D. meet会面。结合下文“the fastest female solo row across the Atlantic Ocean”及“broke the previous world record by over eight days”可知，此处指她创下了女子单人划船横渡大西洋的最快纪录。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管一路上遇到了很多问题和极端条件，埃文斯最终还是以8天多的成绩打破了之前的世界纪录。A. problems问题；B. tricks诡计；C. successes成功；D. surprises惊讶。结合上文“across the Atlantic Ocean”及下文“and extreme conditions along the way”可知，在横渡大西洋的过程中，有很多的困难和极端条件。故选A。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. casually随意地；B. magically神奇地；C. naturally自然地；D. eventually最终地。结合下文“broke the previous world record by over eight days”可知，她创下了新的记录，所以此处指最终她成功地实现了破纪录。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉 CNN 体育频道说：“这比我想象的要困难得多，我可能遭遇到了最强的风，你需要继续经历的适应是巨大的。”A. tougher更困难的；B. stranger更奇怪的；C. busier更忙碌的；D. funnier更有趣的。结合后文“I got probably the strongest wind and the adaptation you need to keep”可知，她划船横渡大西洋，所以这比她想的要困难的多。故选A。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. smooth顺利的；B. huge巨大的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. common普通的。结合前文“I got probably the strongest wind and the adaptation you need to keep going through was”可知，空处的词应和前文的strongest意思相近，所以此处指需要适应的继续坚持是巨大的。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯花了四年的时间为这次千载难逢的旅行做准备，但面对横渡大洋的现实，她什么也没有做好准备。A. expectation期待；B. destination目的地；C. journey行程；旅程；D. discovery发现。结合前文内容及下文“the trip was…by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，埃文斯成功地单人划船横渡大西洋，所以此处指她花了四年时间来准备这次横渡大西洋的航行。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wisdom智慧；B. discouragement沮丧；C. reality现实；D. flag旗帜。结合上文“high winds, big waves”及“I got probably the strongest wind ”可知，此处指大西洋上的客观现实是你无法准备应对的。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至在出发之前，这次航行就被2019冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题所困扰，迫使这一挑战推迟了一年。A. troubled困扰；B. destroyed破坏；C. guided带领；D. monitored监视。结合下文“by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，此处指由于冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题所困扰，故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. motivated激发；B. postponed推迟；C. accumulated积累；D. shortened缩短。结合上文“the COVID-19 pandemic which forced the challenge to be”及下文“by a year”可知，此处指因为冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题，迫使这次挑战推迟了一年。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦挑战开始，强风使划船和睡眠变得极其困难，埃文斯有时会漂离路线。A. halfway中途的；B. nearby附近的；C. overhead头顶上的；D. underway正在进行中的。结合下文“High winds made rowing and sleeping extremely difficult”可知，这里谈到了横渡大西洋期间，所面临的恶劣的环境情形，所以此处指在挑战进行期间，故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bay湾；B. port港口；C. track路线；轨道；D. island岛。结合前文“High winds made rowing and sleeping extremely difficult, causing Evans to float off ”可知，在埃文斯横渡大西洋期间，恶劣的自然环境迫使她偏离了路线。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，她甚至被困在自己的船舱外面，因为一个波浪从里面把门锁上了。A. stored贮存；B. stuck困住；C. fixed固定；D. discovered发现。结合下文“outside of her cabin (舱) after a wave locked the…from the inside”可知，海浪把船舱的门从里面锁住了，导致她被困在了船舱外面。故选B。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. drawer抽屉；B. cupboard橱柜；C. shelter庇护所；D. door门。结合前文“outside of her cabin (舱)”及下文“from the inside”可知，此处指大浪把船舱的门从里面锁住了。故选D。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她花了三个小时才打开船舱门的锁。A. lock锁；B. chain链条；C. wheel轮子；D. zipper拉链。结合上文“a wave locked the…from the inside”可知，此处指大浪把舱门锁住了，因而此处指她用了三个小时时间把锁打开，故选A。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃文斯经常不可避免地被晒伤，但她设法在极端条件下恢复过来。A. rescue营救；B. escape逃脱；C. lose失去；D. recover恢复。结合前文“British lawyer Victoria Evans succeeded in crossing the Atlantic Ocean.”可知，埃文斯成功地横渡了大西洋，因而此处指在极端条件下，埃文斯设法恢复过来。故选D。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这对我来说是一项非常有吸引力的运动，因为当你在那里的时候，你不能下船，你必须应对它。所以它非常非常有吸引力，”埃文斯说，她在2017年攀登勃朗峰后，受到启发要跨越大西洋。A. easy容易的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. mild温和的；D. basic基本的。根据后文“So it was so, so inviting(所以它非常非常吸引人)”指这是一项非常有吸引力的运动，故选B。
39．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. deal with解决；处理；B. break into破门而入；C. take up从事；D. come across偶遇。结合上文“you can’t get off when you’re there”可知，在航行中你不能下船，你需要解决这些问题。故选A。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. inspired启发，鼓舞；D. asked询问。根据下文“after climbing Mont Blanc in 2017”可知，此处指她在2017年成功攀登勃朗峰后，受到了启发，决定穿越大西洋。故选C。
Close 3
（2023·天津·耀华中学校考二模）Ken Campbell had last attempted running at high school. When his wife, Susan, injured her foot, she needed 41 to rejoin her running group, so Campbell went along to keep her company in the 42 . “We were just walking at the beginning,” he says, “I was heavy, and weighed over 90kg.” But as the weeks and months passed, the weight 43 , Susan recovered and Campbell’s 44 grew. At the age of 63, he ran 50km, and at 70, he completed a 100km ultramarathon.
So how does someone with no 45 precedent (先例) become an ultradistance runner in his 60s and 70s? Susan had run marathons before her 46 , but for Campbell, the turning point came when Susan’s Fleet Feet running group 47 the trails in the Sierra Nevada foothills near their home.
Campbell went out to visit Susan’s group, and “the trails were a terrible 48 . It had been raining, and I was slipping, 49 and falling. But I thought, well, I like this a lot.”
What he liked 50 was the feeling of “being wrapped by the trail, being 51 by the closeness of the vegetation (植被) and the nearness of the river. I was walking where 52 people had walked for thousands of years and where miners had walked on their way to gold.”
Running the 100km ultramarathon took Campbell 16 hours. When Campbell 53 the finish line at 3 am, Susan handed him a 100km sticker to 54 on the back of his truck. He already had a 50km one on there. “It is a public statement that you are part of this 55 ,” he says. “Wherever we park, I see a line of 56 with their various stickers and I feel that we are a tribe (部落).”
Campbell suffered arthritis (关节炎) before he started running, and was “a(n) 57 for knee replacement”, but for now, he is 58 on surgery. It can 59 the running—but the “sense of wellbeing and accomplishment will carry me on forever”, he says, “If I can’t run, I will 60 .”
41．A．operation B．support C．dignity D．arrangement
42．A．symptom B．recovery C．treatment D．diagnosis
43．A．came out B．got around C．went off D．fell away
44．A．talent B．health C．experiences D．abilities
45．A．sporting B．volunteering C．appealing D．inspiring
46．A．graduation B．injury C．growth D．attendance
47．A．moved about B．accounted for C．got off D．took to
48．A．fancy B．atmosphere C．mess D．dream
49．A．sliding B．moving C．hiking D．stretching
50．A．above all B．at random C．on purpose D．in turn
51．A．appreciated B．invited C．buried D．embraced
52．A．familiar B．generous C．native D．strange
53．A．parted B．returned C．crossed D．divided
54．A．locate B．display C．remain D．advertise
55．A．community B．achievement C．process D．class
56．A．drivers B．vehicles C．athletes D．trees
57．A．target B．alternative C．candidate D．survivor
58．A．staying up B．living through C．looking back D．holding off
59．A．throw light on B．put an end to C．have an eye for D．take advantage of
60．A．lie B．rest C．stop D．walk
【答案】41．B 42．B 43．D 44．D 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．A 51．D 52．C 53．C 54．B 55．A 56．B 57．C 58．D 59．B 60．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了没有运动先例的坎贝尔因照顾妻子与跑步结缘，并热爱上这项运动的故事。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他的妻子苏珊的脚受伤时，她需要帮助才能重新加入跑步小组，所以坎贝尔陪着她一起康复。A. operation操作；B. support帮助；C. dignity尊严；D. arrangement安排。根据句中“Susan, injured her foot”和“to rejoin her running group”可推知，坎贝尔的妻子脚受伤，她需要丈夫的帮助才能重新回到跑步小组。故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他的妻子苏珊的脚受伤时，她需要帮助才能重新加入跑步小组，所以坎贝尔陪着她一起康复。A. symptom症状；B. recovery康复；C. treatment治疗；D. diagnosis诊断。根据上文“Susan, injured her foot”和下文“We were just walking at the beginning,”可知，苏珊只能行走，受伤的脚还在康复期。故选B项。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但几周、几个月过去了，体重减轻了，苏珊恢复了健康，坎贝尔的能力也增强了。A. came out出来；B. got around传播；C. went off关闭；D. fell away消瘦。上文“I was heavy, and weighed over 90kg.”讲坎贝尔太胖了，结合句中“But as the weeks and months passed”可推知，通过锻炼他的体重减轻了。故选D项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但几周、几个月过去了，体重减轻了，苏珊恢复了健康，坎贝尔的能力也增强了。A. talent才能；B. health健康；C. experiences经验；D. abilities能力。根据下文“At the age of 63, he ran 50km, and at 70, he completed a 100km ultramarathon.”可知，坎贝尔的运动能力增强了。故选D项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，一个没有运动先例的人是如何在六七十岁的时候成为一名超远距离运动员的呢？A. sporting体育运动的；B. volunteering自愿的；C. appealing吸引人的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据第一段中“Ken Campbell had last attempted running at high school.”和“I was heavy, and weighed over 90kg.”可知，坎贝尔不是一个爱运动的人，没有运动的先例。故选A项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：苏珊在受伤前跑过马拉松，但对坎贝尔来说，转折点出现在苏珊的Fleet Feet跑步小组喜欢上他们家附近的内华达山脉山麓的小径。A. graduation毕业；B. injury伤害；C. growth增长；D. attendance出勤。根据上文“When his wife, Susan, injured her foot, she needed 1 to rejoin her running group”可知，苏珊在受伤前跑过马拉松。故选B项。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：苏珊在受伤前跑过马拉松，但对坎贝尔来说，转折点出现在苏珊的Fleet Feet跑步小组喜欢上他们家附近的内华达山脉山麓的小径。A. moved about四处活动；B. accounted for说明；C. got off下车；D. took to喜欢。根据下一段中“Campbell went out to visit Susan’s group, and “the trails were a terrible 8 .”可知，苏珊的跑步小组在他们家附近的内华达山脉山麓小径跑步，说明跑步小组喜欢这里的环境。故选D项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：坎贝尔去拜访苏珊的跑步小组，发现“小径上一片狼藉。天一直在下雨，我失足，滑行。但我想，好吧，我很喜欢这个。”A. fancy想法；B. atmosphere气氛；C. mess混乱；D. dream梦想。根据下文“It had been raining, and I was slipping, 9 and falling.”可知，跑步的小径因为下雨一团糟。故选C项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：坎贝尔去拜访苏珊的跑步小组，发现“小径上一片狼藉。天一直在下雨，我失足，滑行。但我想，好吧，我很喜欢这个。”A. sliding滑行；B. moving移动；C. hiking徒步旅行；D. stretching伸展。与动词slipping和falling并列，表示“滑行”。故选A项。
50．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他最喜欢的是那种“被小径包裹着，被茂密的植被和河流所拥抱”的感觉。我走的地方是当地人走过几千年的地方，也是矿工们寻找黄金的地方。”A. above all首先，最重要的；B. at random随机；C. on purpose故意；D. in turn反过来。根据句中“the feeling of “being wrapped by the trail, being 11 by the closeness of the vegetation (植被) and the nearness of the river.”可知，这是坎贝尔最喜欢的部分。故选A项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. appreciated欣赏；B. invited邀请；C. buried埋葬；D. embraced拥抱。根据句中“the closeness of the vegetation”可推知，坎贝尔喜欢被动茂密的植被拥抱的感觉， embraced与上文wrapped同语一致。故选D项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. familiar熟悉；B. generous慷慨的；C. native本地的；D. strange奇怪的。根据句中“people had walked for thousands of years”可知，这些人是本地人。故选C项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当坎贝尔凌晨3点冲过终点线时，苏珊递给他一张100公里的贴纸，让他在卡车后面展示。A. parted分开；B. returned返回；C. crossed穿过；D. divided分开。根据句中“the finish line”可知，坎贝尔穿过了终点线。故选C项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当坎贝尔凌晨3点冲过终点线时，苏珊递给他一张100公里的贴纸，让他在卡车后面展示。A. locate定位；B. display展示；C. remain保持；D. advertise宣传。根据句中“on the back of his truck”可知，贴纸是拿来用于展示的。故选B项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一份公开声明，表明你是这个社区的一员。A. community社区；B. achievement成就；C. process过程；D. class类。根据下文“Wherever we park, I see a line of 16 with their various stickers and I feel that we are a tribe (部落).””可知，跑完100公里超级马拉松的人都有贴纸，所以他们是一个部落，一个社区。故选A项。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我们在哪里停车，我都会看到一排贴着各种贴纸的车辆，我觉得我们是一个部落。A. drivers司机；B. vehicles车辆；C. athletes运动员；D. trees树。根据上文“Susan handed him a 100km sticker to 14 on the back of his truck.”可知，贴纸是贴在车上的，所以他看到的是一排贴着各种贴纸的车辆。故选B项。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：坎贝尔在开始跑步之前患有关节炎，并且是“膝关节置换术的候选人”，但现在，他推迟了手术。A. target目标；B. alternative另一种选择；C. candidate候选人；D. survivor幸存者。根据句中“knee replacement”可知，坎贝尔在排队等候膝关节置换术，他是候选人。故选C项。
58．考查动词短语辨析。句意：坎贝尔在开始跑步之前患有关节炎，并且是“膝关节置换术的候选人”，但现在，他推迟了手术。A. staying up熬夜；B. living through渡过；C. looking back回顾；D. holding off暂缓。上文说坎贝尔在排队等候膝关节置换术，结合连词but可知，上下文之是转折关系，可推知，现在他推迟了手术。故选D项。
59．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它可以结束跑步，但“幸福感和成就感将永远支撑着我”，他说，“如果我不能跑，我会走。”A. throw light on揭示；B. put an end to结束；C. have an eye for很有眼力；D. take advantage of利用。根据上文可知，坎贝尔患有关节炎，关节炎可能会结束他的跑步生涯。故选B项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它可以结束跑步，但“幸福感和成就感将永远支撑着我”，他说，“如果我不能跑，我会走。”A. lie撒谎；B. rest休息；C. stop停止；D. walk走。根据上文“sense of wellbeing and accomplishment will carry me on forever”可推知，坎贝尔不会放弃锻炼，即使不能跑，他还是会坚持行走。故选D项。
Close 4
（2023·河南·统考二模）When Mrs. Klein told her first graders to draw a picture of something for which they were thankful, she thought how 61 these children, who lived in a deteriorating(正在恶化的)neighborhood, actually had to be thankful for. Since it was Thanksgiving Day, she 62 that most of the class would draw pictures of turkeys or of Thanksgiving tables with lots of food. That was what they believed was expected of them.
What took Mrs. Klein aback was Douglas’s 63 . Douglas was so lonely and likely to be found close in her 64 as they went outside for break. Douglas’s drawing was simply this: A hand, 65 , but whose hand? The class was 66 by his image.
“I think it must be the hand of God that brings us food,” said one student.
“A farmer,” said another, “because they 67 the turkeys.”
“It looks more like a 68 , and they protect us.”
“I think,” said Lavinia, who was always so 69 , “that it is supposed to be all the hands that help us, 70 Douglas could only draw one of them.”
Mrs. Klein had 71 forgotten Douglas in her 72 at finding the class so responsive. When she had the others at work on another projects she 73 his desk and asked whose hand it was. Douglas mumbled, “It’s yours, Teacher.”
Then Mrs. Klein 74 that she had taken Douglas by the hand from time to time; she 75 did that with the children. But it should have 76 so much to Douglas...
Mrs. Klein was deeply 77 from the bottom of her heart. Perhaps, she 78 , this was her Thanksgiving, and everybody’s Thanksgiving —not the 79 things given to us, but the small 80 that we give something to others.
61．A．happy B．much C．many D．little
62．A．persuaded B．knew C．doubted D．suspected
63．A．picture B．question C．information D．gesture
64．A．group B．classroom C．shadow D．heart
65．A．generally B．obviously C．absolutely D．commonly
66．A．amused B．shocked C．fascinated D．pleased
67．A．develop B．purchase C．bring D．raise
68．A．policeman B．teacher C．donor D．psychologist
69．A．shy B．bold C．serious D．funny
70．A．and B．but C．so D．for
71．A．almost B．completely C．merely D．hardly
72．A．pleasure B．calmness C．curiosity D．madness
73．A．stood up B．passed by C．bent over D．came across
74．A．reconsidered B．rethought C．reminded D．recalled
75．A．never B．often C．seldom D．sometimes
76．A．reacted B．happened C．referred D．meant
77．A．satisfied B．touched C．disappointed D．frustrated
78．A．forgot B．remembered C．claimed D．reflected
79．A．material B．abstract C．mental D．solid
80．A．kindness B．things C．ways D．care
【答案】61．D 62．B 63．A 64．C 65．B 66．C 67．D 68．A 69．C 70．B 71．A 72．A 73．C 74．D 75．B 76．D 77．B 78．D 79．A 80．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述了学生道格拉斯在感恩节时画了一只老师的手来表达对老师的感恩之情。
61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当克莱恩夫人告诉她的一年级学生画一幅他们感恩的东西时，她想，这些生活在一个日益恶化的社区的孩子们实际上他们不得不感恩的东西是多么少。A. happy高兴的；B. much许多的（修饰不可数名词）；C. many许多的（修饰可数名词）；D. little少的。由上文“who lived in a deteriorating(正在恶化的)neighborhood”可知，孩子们生活在一个日益恶化的社区，所以他们能感恩的东西很少。故选D。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为今天是感恩节，她知道班上大部分同学都会画火鸡，或者会画感恩节餐桌上的很多食物。A. persuaded劝说；B. knew知道；C. doubted怀疑；D. suspected怀疑。由上文“Since it was Thanksgiving Day”和下文“that most of the class would draw pictures of turkeys or of Thanksgiving tables with lots of food.”可知，今天是感恩节，所以克莱恩夫人知道班上大部分同学都会画火鸡或者画一些食物，故选B。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：让克莱因太太吃惊的是道格拉斯的画。A. picture画；B. question问题；C. information信息；D. gesture手势。由上文“draw a picture”和下文“Douglas’s drawing”可知，此处指道格拉斯的画的画，故选A。
64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：道格拉斯是如此的孤单，当他们下课到外面休息时，他很可能会在她的附近被发现。A. group群体；B. classroom教室；C. shadow影子；D. heart心。由上文“Douglas was so lonely and likely to be found close in her”可知，道格拉斯很孤单，所以在下课到外面休息时，他总是挨着老师，即一个人在老师附近，close in one’s shadow此处引申为“离某人很近”。故选C。
65．考查副词词义辨析。句意：道格拉斯的画很简单： 一只手，很明显，但是谁的手呢？A. generally大概；B. obviously显然地；C. absolutely绝对地；D. commonly共同地。由上文“Douglas’s drawing was simply this: A hand”可知，道格拉斯的画很简单：只画了一只很明显的手。故选B。
66．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全班同学都被他的画吸引住了。A. amused逗乐的；B. shocked震惊的；C. fascinated极感兴趣的；D. pleased高兴的。由下文““I think it must be the hand of God that brings us food,” said one student...“I think,” said Lavinia”同学们的讨论可知，同学们被道格斯的画吸引住，故选C。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意： “一个农民，”另一个人说，“因为他们养火鸡。”A. develop发展；B. purchase购买；C. bring带来；D. raise提高；喂养。由上文“A farmer”可知，火鸡是由农民养的，故选D。
68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它看起来更像一个警察，他们保护我们。A. policeman警察；B. teacher老师；C. donor捐赠者；D. psychologist心理学家。由下文“they protect us”可知，是警察保护我们，故选A。
69．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我想，”拉维尼娅说，她总是那么认真，“它应该是所有帮助我们的人，但道格拉斯只能画出其中的一个。”A. shy害羞的；B. bold大胆的；C. serious严肃的；认真的；D. funny有趣的。由下文“that it is supposed to be all the hands that help us”可知，拉维尼娅认为这只手应该是所有帮助我们的人，她考虑的比别的同学更多，这说明她认真思考，故选C。
70．考查连词词义辨析。句意：“我想，”拉维尼娅说，她总是那么严肃，“它应该是所有帮助我们的人，但道格拉斯只能画出其中的一个。”A. and并且；B. but但是；C. so因此；D. for因为。前后是转折关系，应用转折连词but，故选B。
71．考查副词词义辨析。句意：克莱因太太发现全班同学反应如此热烈，高兴得几乎把道格拉斯给忘了。A. almost几乎；B. completely完全地；C. merely仅仅；D. hardly几乎不。由下文“at finding the class so responsive.”可知，克莱因太太让其他同学一起讨论道格拉斯的画，她发现全班同学反应如此热烈，高兴得她几乎忘了道格拉斯，故选A。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：克莱因太太发现全班同学反应如此热烈，高兴得几乎把道格拉斯给忘了。A. pleasure乐趣；B. calmness冷静；C. curiosity好奇；D. madness疯狂。由下文“at finding the class so responsive.”可知，看到学生谈论如此激励，作为老师应该高兴。故选A。
73．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当她让其他人做另一个项目时，她在他的桌子那弯下腰来，问这是谁的手。A. stood up站起来；B. passed by路过；C. bent over俯身；D. came across偶遇。由下文“his desk and asked whose hand it was”和常识可知，桌子低于人的身高，所以当老师和道格拉斯说话时，应该是弯腰俯身，故选C。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后克莱恩夫人回想起来，她时不时地拉着道格拉斯的手，她经常这样对孩子们。A. reconsidered重新考虑；B. rethought重新思考；C. reminded提醒；D. recalled回想。由下文“that she had taken Douglas by the hand from time to time”可知，此处指克莱恩夫人回想起来自己曾经牵过道格拉斯和其他孩子的手，故选D。
75．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后克莱恩夫人回想起来，她时不时地拉着道格拉斯的手，她经常这样对孩子们。A. never从不；B. often经常；C. seldom很少；D. sometimes有时候。由下文“did that with the children.”可知，此处指克莱恩夫人经常牵孩子们的手，故选B。
76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这对道格拉斯来说意义重大。A. reacted反应；B. happened发生；C. referred参考；D. meant意味着。由下文“so much to Douglas...”和上文提到的道格斯画的是老师的手可知，这说明老师牵道格拉斯的手，这对道格拉斯来说意义重大，故选D。
77．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：克莱恩夫人由衷地被深深地感动了。A. satisfied满意的；B. touched感动的；C. disappointed失望的；D. frustrated沮丧的。由下文“from the bottom of her heart.”可知，看到学生画自己的手老师应该是感动，故选B。
78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许，她深思，这就是她的感恩节，也是每个人的感恩节——不是给我们的物质的东西，而是以这种小小的方式给别人东西。A. forgot忘记；B. remembered记住；C. claimed声称；D. reflected反应；深思。由下文“this was her Thanksgiving, and everybody’s Thanksgiving”可知，老师通过这件事深思，故选D。
79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许，她想，这就是她的感恩节，也是每个人的感恩节——不是给我们物质的东西，而是以这种小小的方式给别人东西。A. material物质的；B. abstract抽象的；C. mental精神的；D. solid坚固的。由下文“things given to us,”可知，此处指物质的东西，故选A。
80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许，她想，这就是她的感恩节，也是每个人的感恩节——不是给我们物质的东西，而是以这种小小的方式给别人东西。A. kindness友好；B. things东西；C. ways方法；D. care关系。由下文“that we give something to others.”和文章提到道格拉斯画了老师的手来表达对老师的感恩可知，他通过这种小小的方式来表达自己的感恩。故选C。
Close 5
（2020·四川·校联考模拟预测）It was the third day after the quake already.
The rescue workers were still looking for 81 . They knew with each minute passing, the chance to find someone alive gets slimmer. They were 82 . Since the quake, many of 83 had been working constantly, without any good sleep. The 84 to these mountainous towns and villages were destroyed. They did not have 85 to work with. All they had were shovels and their bare hands.
But they were still looking for survivors.
“Come here! There is a body!” 86 a rescue worker. Under a big chunk of roof was a 87 . She was lying with a strange pose — she 88 on the ground with her upper body stretching forward. Her head was on the ground too, 89 she was praying for her survival.
The woman was not responsive to any call. 90 , just to make sure, the nurse still tried to test her 91 , to see if she was still breathing.
Not really. She was breathless, and her body cold. Praying or not, it did not 92 . The team moved on.
When the team reached the 93 collapsed building, the captain suddenly ran back to the woman, as if 94 something. He lay down, and stretched his arm to touch the space 95 her.
“There is a baby! And he is alive!” He cried out.
It was a newly-born, neatly wrapped in a 96 decorated with flowers. Miraculously, he did not even have a scratch in his body. When taken 97 , he was still peacefully sleeping.
The nurse took the baby and started doing routine 98 . When unwrapping the blanket, she found a cell phone tucked between the baby and his diaper. 99 had a text message written on the screen, 100 :
“My dear baby, if you can survive, please remember mom loves you.”
81．A．survivors B．bodies C．victims D．patients
82．A．overdrunk B．overslept C．overworked D．overcrowded
83．A．whom B．them C．which D．that
84．A．highways B．motorways C．roads D．railways
85．A．machinery B．helpers C．goals D．leaders
86．A．screamed B．laughed C．said D．shouted
87．A．girl B．woman C．baby D．student
88．A．kneeled B．sat C．lay D．fell
89．A．even if B．as if C．although D．so
90．A．Moreover B．Meanwhile C．However D．Otherwise
91．A．pulse B．temperature C．blood pressure D．breath
92．A．matter B．help C．count D．mind
93．A．last B．other C．former D．next
94．A．realizing B．recognizing C．imaging D．understanding
95．A．above B．under C．beside D．opposite
96．A．overcoat B．sheet C．blanket D．quilt
97．A．in B．down C．out D．up
98．A．exams B．quizs C．competitions D．tests
99．A．They B．He C．We D．It
100．A．speaking B．reading C．telling D．annoucing
【答案】81．A 82．C 83．B 84．C 85．A 86．D 87．B 88．A 89．B 90．C 91．D 92．B 93．D 94．A 95．B 96．C 97．C 98．A 99．D 100．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述地震救援工作人员发现一位母亲用自己的身体在废墟下为刚出生的婴儿撑起生命空间的感人故事。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：救援人员仍在寻找幸存者。A. survivors幸存者；B. bodies身体，尸体；C. victims受害者；D. patients病人。根据下文“They knew with each minute passing, the chance to find someone alive gets slimmer.”可知，他们在寻找幸存者。故选A。
82．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们过度劳累了。A. overdrunk过度饮酒的；B. overslept睡过头的；C. overworked过度劳累的；D. overcrowded过度拥挤的。根据下文“Since the quake, many of 3 had been working constantly, without any good sleep.”可知，他们过度劳累。故选C。
83．考查代词和连词。句意：自从地震以来，他们中的许多人一直在不停地工作，没有睡好觉。A. whom指人；B. them他们；C. which指物；D. that指人/物。分析句子成分可知，这是一个简单句，不需要连词，空处作句子主语，位于介词of后用宾格形式。故选B。
84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通往山区的城镇和村庄的路被摧毁。A. highways公路；B. motorways高速公路；C. roads道路；D. railways铁路。根据本句“to these mountainous towns and villages”可知，通往山区的城镇和村庄的路。故选C。
85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们没有机器来工作。A. machinery机器；B. helpers帮助者；C. goals目标；D. leaders领导者。根据下文“All they had were shovels and their bare hands.”可知，他们只有铲子，说明没有机器。故选A。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“到这儿来！有一个人！”一名救援人员喊道。A. screamed尖叫；B. laughed大笑；C. said说；D. shouted大喊。根据常识以及本句““Come here! There is a body!””可知，他是大喊。故选D。
87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一大块屋顶下有一个妇女。A. girl女孩；B. woman妇女；C. baby婴儿；D. student学生。根据后文“the captain suddenly ran back to the woman”可知，这是妇女。故选B。
88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她以一种奇怪的姿势躺着——她跪在地上，上半身向前伸展。A. kneeled跪；B. sat坐；C. lay躺，撒谎；D. fell落下。根据后文“she was praying for her survival”可知，她的姿势好像在祈祷，故可知她是跪着的。故选A。
89．考查连词词义辨析。句意：她的头也垂在地上，仿佛在为自己的生存祈祷。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C. although尽管；D. so所以。根据前文“she 8 on the ground with her upper body stretching forward.”可知，姿势的描述，好像是祈祷的姿势。故选B。
90．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，为了确保万无一失，护士仍然试着测试她的呼吸，看她是否还有呼吸。A. Moreover而且；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据前文“The woman was not responsive to any call.”以及空后“just to make sure, the nurse still tried to test her 11 , to see if she was still breathing.”可知，前后为转折关系。虽然没有了生命的迹象，但是护士还是对她进行检查。故选C。
91．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，为了确保万无一失，护士仍然试着测试她的呼吸，看她是否还有呼吸。A. pulse脉搏；B. temperature温度；C. blood pressure血压；D. breath呼吸。根据本句“to see if she was still breathing”可知，是检查呼吸。故选D。
92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管祈祷与否，都无济于事。A. matter要紧；B. help帮助；C. count重要；D. mind介意。根据前文“She was breathless, and her body cold”可知，她已经没有生命体征了，祈祷不祈祷，都没用了。故选B。
93．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当救援队到达下一个倒塌的建筑物时，队长突然跑回那个女人身边，好像意识到了什么。A. last最后的；B. other别的；C. former前者的；D. next下一个的。根据常识可知，救援队搜救是挨着搜救的，因此此处指到下一个倒塌的建筑。故选D。
94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当救援队到达下一个倒塌的建筑物时，队长突然跑回那个女人身边，好像意识到了什么。A. realizing意识到；B. recognizing辨别出，认可；C. imaging想象；D. understanding明白。根据本句“the captain suddenly ran back to the woman”可知，队长突然跑回女士那里，是意识到了什么。故选A。
95．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他躺下，伸出胳膊去摸她身下的空间。A. above超过；B. under在……下面；C. beside在……旁边；D. opposite在……对面。根据前文“she 8 on the ground with her upper body stretching forward.”可知，这种姿势会在下面形成空间。故选B。
96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个新生儿，被整齐地包裹在一条装饰着鲜花的毯子里。A. overcoat外套；B. sheet床单；C. blanket毯子；D. quilt被子。根据后文“When unwrapping the blanket”可知，是毯子。故选C。
97．考查介词词义辨析。句意：当他被带出来时，他还在安静地睡觉。A. in在……里；B. down在……下面；C. out向外；D. up向上。前文“she 8 on the ground with her upper body stretching forward.”可知，婴儿被从这种姿势形成的空间里被抱出来。根据故选C。
98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：护士抱着孩子开始做例行检查。A. exams考试，检查；B. quizs小测验；C. competitions竞赛；D. tests测试。根据本句主语“The nurse”可知，护士要对婴儿进行检查。故选A。
99．考查代词词义辨析。句意：屏幕上写着一条短信：“亲爱的孩子，如果你能活下来，请记住妈妈爱你。”A. They他们；B. He他；C. We我们；D. It它。照应前文“a cell phone”可知，此处是指手机的屏幕上有一句话。故选D。
100．考查动词词义辨析。句意：屏幕上写着一条短信：“亲爱的孩子，如果你能活下来，请记住妈妈爱你。”A. speaking说；B. reading写着；C. telling告诉；D. annoucing宣布。根据本句“a text message”可知，短信上写着。故选B。
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