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    十年(14-23)高考英语真题与模拟试卷分项汇编专题15 完形填空(全国卷20空)(含解析)

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    这是一份十年(14-23)高考英语真题与模拟试卷分项汇编专题15 完形填空(全国卷20空)(含解析),共30页。

    2023年高考真题
    Clse 1
    【2023年全国乙卷】T becme the Olympic champin in the individual (个人) all-arund event, Gabby Duglas had t leave everything she ____21____ best. She had t ___22___ her bedrm in Virginia. She had t say ____23____ t her tw dgs and t the beach, where she lved t ____24____ waves n her bard. But it was ____25____ t take the leap (飞跃), hwever ____26____ it wuld be. Even at 14, Duglas knew that. S she ____27____ abut 1,200 miles away frm hme, t ____28____ with a cach frm China. She lived with a family she had never ____29____ and everything was new t her.
    As it turned ut Duglas did ____30____ what she needed t d t becme Olympic champin when she ____31____tw Russians. The Chinese cach ____32____ Duglas int ne f the best gymnasts in the ____33____, helping her skyrcket frm an ____34____ member f the natinal team t the tp f the sprt. By ____35____ the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s. She ____36____ the cmpetitin frm beginning t end. She said she had felt ____37____ all alng that she wuld win.
    Nt s lng ag, Martha Karly the crdinatr (联络人) f the wmen’s natinal team, did nt think Duglas had what it ____38____ t be an Olympian. As time went by, she thught ____39____ that she culd make the Lndn Games-and win.
    “I’m ging t inspire s many peple,” she said. “I’m ready t ____40____.” And shine she did.
    21. A. triedB. thughtC. judgedD. knew
    22. A. take upB. pack upC. clean upD. d up
    23. A. gdbyeB. hellC. thanksD. n
    24. A. causeB. bserveC. rideD. strike
    25. A. cmmnB. timeC. funD. tugh
    26. A. breathtakingB. heartbreakingC. eye-catchingD. head-spinning
    27. A. drpped utB. mved nC. pulled verD. went ff
    28. A. reasnB. talkC. cmpeteD. train
    29. A. metB. helpedC. understdD. needed
    30. A. apprximatelyB. graduallyC. exactlyD. pssibly
    31. A. defeatedB. pleasedC. respectedD. assisted
    32. A. frcedB. transfrmedC. persuadedD. put
    33. A. wrldB. cityC. teamD. state
    34. A. amateurB. electedC. averageD. enthusiastic
    35. A. clarifyingB. defendingC. winningD. demanding
    36. A. fllwedB. rganizedC. watchedD. led
    37. A. cnfidentB. nervusC. excitedD. uneasy
    38. A. viewedB. appearedC. matteredD. tk
    39. A. nw and thenB. mre and mreC. far and wideD. n and n
    40. A. shineB. flyC. danceD. scre
    【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A
    【解析】
    【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员Gabby Duglas为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军,不得不远离家乡,去离家1200英里的地方,和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教练的训练下,Duglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一,赢得奥运会全能冠军,成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。
    【21题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意: 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军,Gabby Duglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A. tried尝试;B. thught思考;C. judged判断;D. knew知道;熟悉,了解。由上文“T becme the Olympic champin in the individual (个人) all-arund event, Gabby Duglas had t leave everything”和下文“1,200 miles away frm hme”可知,为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军,Gabby Duglas放弃她最熟悉的一切,来到一个陌生的地方,故选D。
    【22题详解】
    考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事;B. pack up整理;收拾行李;C. clean up清理;D. d up装修。由上文“Gabby Duglas had t leave everything”和下文“her bedrm in Virginia”可知,整理好她的卧室,准备离开这里,故选B。
    【23题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. gdbye再见;B. hell你好;C. thanks感谢;D. n没有;否定的回答。由上“Gabby Duglas had t leave everything”可知,Gabby Duglas要离开自己的家,所以与家里的狗说再见,故选A。
    【24题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A. cause引起;B. bserve观察;C. ride骑;漂浮;D. strike打击。由下文“waves n her bard.”可知,此处表示冲浪,ride the waves意为“冲浪”,故选C。
    【25题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:但是,是时候迈出这一步了,无论这将是多么令人心碎。A. cmmn平民;普通;B. time时间;C. fun乐趣;D. tugh暴徒。由下文“t take the leap (飞跃)”可知,虽然离开自己所熟悉的一切很难,但是是时候该迈出这一步了,故选B。
    【26题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但是,是时候迈出这一步了,无论这将是多么令人伤心。A. breathtaking激动人心的;B. heartbreaking令人心碎的;令人伤心的;C. eye-catching引人注目的;D. head-spinning头晕的。上文提到的Gabby Duglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知,放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心,故选B。
    【27题详解】
    考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:所以她离家1200英里,和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A. drpped ut退出;B. mved n继续。C. pulled ver靠边停车;D. went ff离开。由下文“abut 1,200 miles away frm hme,”可知,Gabby Duglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方,故选D。
    【28题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以她离家1200英里,和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A. reasn推理;B. talk谈话;C. cmpete竞争;D. train培训。由上文“T becme the Olympic champin in the individual (个人) all-arund event”和下文“with a cach frm China”可知,为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军,Gabby Duglas离开家,由此可知,她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练,故选D。
    【29题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起,一切对她来说都是全新的。A. met遇到;见过;B. helped帮助;C. understd理解;D. needed需要。由下文“everything was new t her.”可知,一切对她来说都是全新的,所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起,故选A。
    【30题详解】
    考查副词词义辨析。句意: 事实证明,Duglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手,完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. apprximately大约;B.gradually逐渐地;C. exactly准确地;完全;D. pssibly可能地。由下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s”可知,Gabby Duglas获得了奥运会全能冠军,由此可知,Gabby Duglas完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切,故选C。
    【31题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意: 事实证明,Duglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手,完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。A. defeated打败;B. pleased使高兴;C. respected尊敬;D. assisted帮助。由上文“what she needed t d t becme Olympic champin”和下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s”可知,Duglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手,成为了奥运冠军,故选A。
    【32题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:这位中国教练让Duglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一,帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. frced强迫;B. transfrmed转换;改造;彻底改变;C. persuaded劝说;D. put放。由下文“Duglas int ne f the best gymnasts”可知,这位中国教练让Duglas变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一,固定搭配,意为“使……变成……”,故选B。
    【33题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位中国教练让Duglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一,帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. wrld世界;B. city城市;C. team团队;D. state国家。由下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s”可知,Duglas赢得奥运会全能冠军,所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一,故选A。
    【34题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这位中国教练让Duglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一,帮助她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。 A. amateury业余爱好的;B. elected当选的;C. average平均的;普通的;D. enthusiastic热情的。由下文“member f the natinal team t the tp f the sprt”可知,这位中国教练帮助Duglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。
    【35题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:通过赢得奥运会全能冠军,她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A. clarifying分类;B. defending打败;C. winning赢得;D. demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic all-arund title, she became the first black wman t d s.”可知,Duglas赢得奥运会全能冠军,故选C。
    【36题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. fllwed跟随;B. rganized组织;C. watched观看;D. led带领;领先。由下文“the cmpetitin frm beginning t end”可知,比赛过程中,Duglas一直领先于竞争对手,故选D。
    【37题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A. cnfident自信的;坚信的;B. nervus紧张的;C. excited兴奋的;D. uneasy不安的。由下文“all alng that she wuld win.”可知,Duglas一直坚信自己会赢,故选A。
    【38题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:就在不久前,女子国家队联络人Martha Karly还认为Duglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A. viewed看待;B. appeared出现;C. mattered重要;D. tk需要。由下文“t be an Olympian”可知,此处表示Martha Karly还认为Duglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件,空处表示“需要”,故选D。
    【39题详解】
    考查短语词义辨析。句意:随着时间的推移,她越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。A. nw and then时不时地;B. mre and mre越来越多;C. far and wide广泛地;D. n and n不断地。由上文“As time went by”和下文“that she culd make the Lndn Games-and win.”可知,随着时间的推移,Duglas越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。
    【40题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:“我准备好发光了”。A. shine照耀;发光;B. fly飞行;C. dance跳舞;D. scre得分。由上文“I’m ging t inspire s many peple”和“And shine she did.”可知,Duglas认为自己将会激励很多人,即自己会发光,影响到很多人,故选A。
    Clse2
    【2023年全国甲卷】Many years ag, I bught a huse in the Garfagnana, where we still g every summer. The first time we ___21___ there, we heard the chug chug-chug f a mtrbike ___22___ its way dwn the hill tward us. It was ___23___ called Mari, cming t ___24___ us a bx cntaining sme trmates and a bttle f wine. It was a very nice ___25___ fr him t make. But when we lked at the tmates, we were ___26___ because they were s misshapen: nt at all like the nice, rund, ___27___ things yu get in a supermarket. And the wine was cludy, in a funny ld bttle with n label (标签) n it. These can’t be any ___28___, we thught. But we were ___29___ his kindness, s we ___30___ them.
    What we discvered is that it’s ___31___ t judge what yu eat nly by its ___32___. Thse tmates had ___33___ that reminded me f the nes my uncle used t grw when I was a child. Nwadays supermarket tmates ___34___ perfect but taste f water. Nbdy’s ging t have a ___35___ memry f thse. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed t grw square nes s that they can ___36___ them easily. Mari’s wine may have been cludy and cme ut f an ld bttle, but it was ___37___.
    It’s gd t eat things at the crrect time, when they’re ___38___, and as clse as pssible t where they were ___39___. What Mari had ___40___ us was the taste f the Garfagnana.
    21. A. waitedB. metC. campedD. stayed
    22. A. makingB. searchingC. squeezingD. feeling
    23. A. custmerB. neighbrC. relativeD. passenger
    24. A. lendB. sendC. bringD. shw
    25. A. chiceB. cmmentC. prmiseD. gesture
    26. A. wrriedB. mvedC. thrilledD. bred
    27. A. simpleB. realC. shinyD. fun
    28. A. mreB. gdC. newD. easy
    29. A. sympathetic tB. thankful frC. cautius abutD. interested in
    30. A. triedB. sldC. returnedD. mixed
    31. A. unnecessaryB. uncertainC. unwiseD. unusual
    32. A. appearanceB. qualityC. riginD. price
    33. A. sizeB. shapeC. clrD. taste
    34. A. smellB. lkC. becmeD. wrk
    35 A. happyB. vividC. shrtD. vague
    36. A. cleanB. checkC. cuntD. pack
    37. A. perfectB. usefulC. cnvenientD. familiar
    38. A. n viewB. n saleC. in seasnD. in need
    39. A. finishedB. stredC. fundD. grwn
    40. A. ckedB. givenC. bughtD. tld
    【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
    【解析】
    【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子,盒子里是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒,刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表,和酒的浑浊感到不是很好,但是尝试过后,发现比超市的好,让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
    【21题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们第一次住在那里的时候,我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待;B. met遇见;C. camped露营;D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ag, I bught a huse in the Garfagnana, where we still g every summer.”可知,作者在当地买了房子,所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。
    【22题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们第一次住在那里的时候,我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使;让;B. searching搜索;C. squeezing挤压;D. feeling感觉。根据后文“cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine.”可知,摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的,所以make ne’s way复合语境,为固定搭配,意为“前往”。故选A项。
    【23题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:那是邻居马里奥,他给我们带来了一个盒子,里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. custmer顾客;B. neighbr邻居;C. relative亲戚;D. passenger乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug chug-chug f a mtrbike 2 its way dwn the hill tward us.”以及最后一句“What Mari had 20 us was the taste f the Garfagnana”可知,马里奥是从山上下来的,送来了当地的食物,可推测是作者的邻居。故选B项。
    【24题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:那是邻居马里奥,他给我们带来了一个盒子,里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend借出;B. send发送;C. bring带来;D. shw展示。根据后文“It was a very nice 5 fr him t make.”可知,马里奥很友好,所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。
    【25题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:他这么做真是太好了。A. chice选择;B. cmment议论;C. prmise诺言;D. gesture姿态。根据前文“cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine.”可知,马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒,所以是好的姿态。故选D项。
    【26题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但当我们看着那些西红柿时,我们是担心的,因为它们事非常畸形的:一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. wrried担心的;B. mved感动的;C. thrilled兴奋的;D. bred.感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were s misshapen”可知,西红柿是畸形的,所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。
    【27题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但当我们看着那些西红柿时,我们是担心的,因为它们是非常畸形的:一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. simple简单的;B. real真实的;C. shiny闪亮的;D. fun有趣的。根据前文“nt at all like the nice, rund”可知,空处是在形容超市里的西红柿,和前文的“nice, rund”并列,结合选项,应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。
    【28题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们想,这些肯定不好。A. mre更多的;B. gd好的;C. new新的;D. easy容易的。根据前文“But when we lked at the tmates, we were 6 because they were s misshapen: nt at all like the nice, rund, 7 things yu get in a supermarket. And the wine was cludy, in a funny ld bttle with n label (标签) n it.”可知,马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好,因此作者一家认为这些都不可能好。故选B项。
    【29题详解】
    考查形容词短语辨析。句意:但我们很感谢他的好意,所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic t同情;B. thankful fr对……表示感谢;C. cautius abut谨慎对待;D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was 3 called Mari, cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine.”可知,西红柿和酒是邻居送的,所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。
    【30题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:但我们很感谢他的好意,所以我们试了试。A. tried尝试;B. sld出售;C. returned回来;D. mixed混合。根据后文“Thse tmates had 13 that reminded me f the nes my uncle used t grw when I was a child.”可知,马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿,所以推知,他们是尝试了。故选A项。
    【31题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们发现,仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. unnecessary不需要的;B. uncertain无把握;C. unwise不明智的;D. unusual特别的。结合前后文,可知,作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的,对其感到担心,但是后来发现,它的味道,比超市的西红柿要好,所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。
    【32题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们发现,仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. appearance外观;B. quality质量;C. rigin源头;D. price价格。根据前文“we were 6 because they were s misshapen”可知,此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。
    【33题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A. size尺寸;B. shape形状;C. clr颜色;D. taste味道。根据后文“Nwadays supermarket tmates 14 perfect but taste f water.”可知,此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比,马里奥送的西红柿外观差,但是味道好,让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。
    【34题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好,但味道像水。A. smell闻起来;B. lk看起来;C. becme变成;D. wrk工作。根据前文“nt at all like the nice, rund, 7 things yu get in a supermarket.”可知,超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。
    【35题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A. happy快乐的;B. vivid清晰的;C. shrt短的;D. vague模糊的。根据前文“Nwadays supermarket tmates 14 perfect but taste f water.”可知,超市的西红柿,看起来很好,但是吃起来像水,因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。
    【36题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是,他们没有设法种植方形的,这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。A. clean打扫;B. check检查;C. cunt计数;D. pack包装。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed t grw square nes”结合实际,可知方形的易包装。故选D项。
    【37题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:马里奥的酒可能是混浊的,而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的,但它是完美的。A. perfect完美的;B. useful有用的;C. cnvenient便利的;D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mari’s wine may have been cludy and cme ut f an ld bttle”以及空前的but可知,此处表转折,结合选项,此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的,而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的,但它是完美的”之意,符合实际。故选A项。
    【38题详解】
    考查介词短语辨析。句意:在合适的时间,当它们是当令的时候,并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方,吃东西是好的。A. n view在展出;B. n sale出售;C. in seasn当令的;D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s gd t eat things at the crrect time”可知,在合适的时间,也就是当令的时候。故选C项。
    【39题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:在合适的时间,当它们是应季的时候,尽可能靠近它们生长的地方,吃东西是好的。A. finished完成;B. stred贮存;C. fund找到;D. grwn成长。根据前文“It’s gd t eat things”以及“as clse as pssible t where”可知,此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的,根据where推断涉及地点,结合实际,应是在靠近它们生长的地方,摘下来吃,能保持新鲜,是好的,符合题意。故选D项。
    【40题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cked烹饪;B. given给;C. bught买;D. tld告诉。根据前文“It was 3 called Mari, cming t 4 us a bx cntaining sme tmates and a bttle f wine.”可知,应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。
    2023年名校模拟题
    Clse 1
    (2022·四川泸州·校联考模拟预测)One day, a prfessr entered the classrm and asked his students t prepare fr a surprise test. They waited anxiusly at their desks fr the test t begin. The prfessr 1 the questin papers, with the text facing dwn as usual. 2 all the students gt the papers, he asked them t 3 the page and begin. T everyne’s surprise, there were n 4 , just a black dt (点) in the center f the page. The prfessr, seeing the expressin n everyne’s face, tld them the fllwing:
    “I want yu t write what yu 5 there.”
    The students, 6 , gt started n the inexplicable (令人费解的) task.
    At the end f the class, the prfessr 7 all the answer papers and started reading each ne f them alud in frnt f all the students. All f them, with n exceptin, 8 the black dt, trying t explain its psitin in the middle f the sheet, etc. After all had been read, the classrm was silent, and the prfessr began t explain:
    “I’m nt ging t grade this. I just wanted t give yu smething t 9 . N ne wrte abut the 10 part f the paper. Everyne fcused n the black dt, and the same happens in ur 11 . We have a white paper t bserve and 12 , but we always fcus n the dark spts. Our life is a 13 given t us with lve and care and we always have 14 t celebrate: nature renewing itself every day, ur friends arund us, the jb that 15 ur livelihd and the miracles we see every day.
    16 , we insist n fcusing nly n the dark spts: the health issues that bther us, the lack f mney, the 17 relatinship with cwrkers, the 18 with a friend, and etc.
    The dark spts are very 19 cmpared t everything we have in ur lives, but they are the nes that pllute ur minds. Take yur eyes 20 the black spts in yur life.”
    1.A.pinted atB.turned upC.brught upD.handed ut
    2.A.SinceB.AfterC.WhileD.Until
    3.A.fldB.penC.turnD.use
    4.A.questinsB.chicesC.exercisesD.scres
    5.A.rememberB.imagineC.seeD.study
    6.A.seriusB.frustratedC.curiusD.cnfused
    7.A.finishedB.cllectedC.markedD.selected
    8.A.ignredB.paintedC.describedD.decrated
    9.A.think abutB.refer tC.hand utD.take alng
    10.A.bigB.blackC.whiteD.beautiful
    11.A.livesB.classrmsC.cllegesD.studies
    12.A.sendB.enjyC.keepD.shw
    13.A.lessnB.dutyC.pressureD.present
    14.A.reasnsB.timeC.freedmD.festivals
    15.A.threatensB.prvidesC.ruinsD.changes
    16.A.BesidesB.ThusC.HweverD.Finally
    17.A.clseB.strngC.specialD.trublesme
    18.A.disappintmentB.cnnectinC.satisfactinD.stay
    19.A.darkB.smallC.rundD.dirty
    20.A.acrssB.thrughC.away frmD.back t
    【答案】1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.B 16.C 17.D 18.A 19.B 20.C
    【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了课上教授用一次突击测试给学生上了一堂课,人生好比那张试卷,我们常常只关注那些问题一样的黑点,忘记了那些生活本身的美好一样的白色,我们需要的是让目光远离黑点。
    1.考查动词短语辨析。句意:教授像往常一样把试卷朝下发给学生。A. pinted at指向;B. turned up出现;C. brught up提出;D. handed ut分发。根据上文“asked his students t prepare fr a surprise test”可知,教授让学生准备一次突击测试,所以是分发试卷。故选D。
    2.考查连接词词义辨析。句意:当所有的学生拿到卷子后,他让他们翻页开始。A. Since自从;B. After在……之后;C. While虽然;D. Until直到。根据下文“all the students gt the papers”和“he asked them t ____3____ the page and begin”并结合常识可知,学生都拿到卷子后,教授才会让学生开始答题,After“在……之后”符合事情的先后顺序。故选B。
    3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当所有的学生拿到卷子后,他让他们翻页开始。A. fld折叠;B. pen开放;C. turn翻转;D. use使用。根据上文“with the text facing dwn as usual”可知,试卷发下来时卷面朝下,所以是把试卷翻转过来开始答题。故选C。
    4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:令所有人吃惊的是,没有问题,只有页面中央的一个黑点。A. questins问题;B. chices选择;C. exercises练习;D. scres分数。根据下文“just a black dt (点) in the center f the page”可知,试卷上只有中央的一个黑点,所以是没有问题。故选A。
    5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我想要你们把看到的写下来。A. remember记住;B. imagine想象;C. see看;D. study研究。根据下文“All f them, with n exceptin, ____8____ the black dt, trying t explain its psitin in the middle f the sheet, etc.”可知,学生们的答案围绕试卷上的黑点展开,所以教授应该是让他们写下看到的东西。故选C。
    6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:学生们困惑了,开始做这个令人费解的任务。A. serius严重的;B. frustrated沮丧的;C. curius好奇的;D. cnfused困惑的。根据下文“gt started n the inexplicable (令人费解的) task”可知,学生们觉得这个任务令人费解,所以应该是感到困惑。故选D。
    7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在课程结束时,教授收好了所有的答卷,开始在所有学生面前大声朗读每一份答卷。A. finished完成;B. cllected收集;C. marked标记;D. selected选择。根据下文“started reading each ne f them alud in frnt f all the students”可知,教授朗读每一份答卷,所以是把答卷收上来。故选B。
    8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们无一例外地描述了黑点,试图解释它在纸张中间的位置等等。A. ignred忽略;B. painted涂漆;C. described描述;D. decrated装饰。根据下文“trying t explain its psitin in the middle f the sheet, etc”可知,学生们都在解释黑点在纸张中间的位置等等,所以是对黑点进行描述。故选C。
    9.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我只是想让你好好思考。A. think abut思考;B. refer t参考;C. hand ut分发;D. take alng带上。根据下文教授将生活和试卷类比,说明我们常常只关注那些问题一样的黑点,而忘记了生活本身的美好可推知,教授想让学生好好思考。故选A。
    10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:没有人写纸的白色部分。A. big大的;B. black黑色的;C. white白色的;D. beautiful美丽的。根据下文“Everyne fcused n the black dt”可知,每个人关注的都是黑点,所以是没有人写纸的白色部分。故选C。
    11.考查名词词义辨析。句意:每个人都把注意力集中在黑点上,我们的生活中也是如此。A. lives生活;B. classrms教室;C. clleges学院;D. studies学业。根据下文“Our life”可知,教授从学生们只关注黑点,联系到生活中的现象。故选A。
    12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们有一张白纸可以观察和欣赏,但我们总是关注黑点。A. send发送;B. enjy欣赏;C. keep保持;D. shw显示。根据下文“given t us with lve and care”可推知,教授认为生活是美好的,所以应该是让我们观察和欣赏的。故选B。
    13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物,我们总是有理由庆祝:大自然每天都在更新,我们身边有朋友,工作为我们提供生计,以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. lessn课程;B. duty职责;C. pressure压力;D. present礼物。根据下文“given t us with lve and care”可推知,生活应该是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物。故选D。
    14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物,我们总是有理由庆祝:大自然每天都在更新,我们身边有朋友,工作为我们提供生计,以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. reasns原因;B. time时间;C. freedm自由;D. festivals节日。根据下文“nature renewing itself every day, ur friends arund us, the jb that ____15____ ur livelihd and the miracles we see every day”可知,生活中充满了美好的事物,所以应该是有理由庆祝。故选A。
    15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物,我们总是有理由庆祝:大自然每天都在更新,我们身边有朋友,工作为我们提供生计,以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. threatens威胁;B. prvides提供;C. ruins破坏;D. changes改变。根据上文“the jb”和下文“ur livelihd”可推知,工作应该是为我们提供生计。故选B。
    16.考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,我们坚持只关注黑点:困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. Besides此外;B. Thus因此;C. Hwever然而;D. Finally最后。上文在描述生活的美好,下文在说明我们只关注那些负面的问题,上下文之间是转折的关系,应用Hwever“然而”。故选C。
    17.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,我们坚持只关注黑点:困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. clse亲密的;B. strng强大的;C. special特别的;D. trublesme麻烦的。根据上文“the health issues that bther us, the lack f mney”可知,此处讨论的是负面的问题,trublesme“麻烦的”符合语境,表示“与同事的麻烦关系”。故选D。
    18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,我们坚持只关注黑点:困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. disappintment失望;B. cnnectin联系;C. satisfactin满意;D. stay逗留。根据上文“the health issues that bther us, the lack f mney”可知,此处讨论的是负面的问题,disappintment“失望”符合语境,表示“对朋友的失望”。故选A。
    19.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:与我们生活中的一切相比,这些黑点是非常小的,但它们却污染了我们的思想。A. dark黑暗的;B. small小的;C. rund圆形的;D. dirty脏的。根据上文所描述的生活的种种美好可推知,此处表示黑点与生活中所拥有的的一切相比其实很小。故选B。
    20.考查介词(短语)词义辨析。句意:你的目光要远离你生活中的黑点。A. acrss横跨;B. thrugh通过;C. away frm远离;D. back t返回至。根据上文描述的生活其实很美好,其中的问题其实很渺小可推知,此处建议要少关注那些黑点一样的问题,即要目光要远离黑点。故选C。
    Clse 2
    (2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测)With nthing but her small bat fr cmpany, British lawyer Victria Evans succeeded in crssing the Atlantic Ocean.
    The 35-year-ld 21 4,740 kilmeters in 40 days and 19 hurs, 22 against high winds, big waves and lack f sleep t 23 the fastest female sl (单人) rw acrss the Atlantic Ocean. Despite experiencing terrible 24 and extreme cnditins alng the way, Evans 25 brke the previus wrld recrd by ver eight days. “It was much 26 than I expected,” she tld CNN Sprt, “I gt prbably the strngest wind and the adaptatin yu need t keep ging thrugh was 27 .”
    Evans had spent fur years preparing fr this 28 f a lifetime but nthing culd have readied her fr the 29 f an cean crssing. Even just befre setting ff, the trip was 30 by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic which frced the challenge t be 31 by a year. As sn as the challenge was 32 , difficulties came n the heels — High winds made rwing and sleeping extremely difficult, causing Evans t flat ff 33 at times. At ne pint she was even 34 utside f her cabin (舱) after a wave lcked the 35 frm the inside. It tk her three hurs t pen the 36 . Evans ften unavidably gt sunburnt, but she managed t 37 in extreme cnditins.
    “It’s a very 38 sprt fr me because yu can’t get ff when yu’re there and yu have t 39 it. S it was s, s inviting,” said Evans, wh was 40 t crss the Atlantic after climbing Mnt Blanc in 2017.
    21.A.flewB.drveC.measuredD.cvered
    22.A.avidingB.battlingC.facingD.surviving
    23.A.aidB.matchC.recrdD.meet
    24.A.prblemsB.tricksC.successesD.surprises
    25.A.casuallyB.magicallyC.naturallyD.eventually
    26.A.tugherB.strangerC.busierD.funnier
    27.A.smthB.hugeC.surprisingD.cmmn
    28.A.expectatinB.destinatinC.jurneyD.discvery
    29.A.wisdmB.discuragementC.realityD.flag
    30.A.trubledB.destryedC.guidedD.mnitred
    31.A.mtivatedB.pstpnedC.accumulatedD.shrtened
    32.A.halfwayB.nearbyC.verheadD.underway
    33.A.bayB.prtC.trackD.island
    34.A.stredB.stuckC.fixedD.discvered
    35.A.drawerB.cupbardC.shelterD.dr
    36.A.lckB.chainC.wheelD.zipper
    37.A.rescueB.escapeC.lseD.recver
    38.A.easyB.attractiveC.mildD.basic
    39.A.deal withB.break intC.take upD.cme acrss
    40.A.frcedB.rderedC.inspiredD.asked
    【答案】21.D 22.B 23.C 24.A 25.D 26.A 27.B 28.C 29.C 30.A 31.B 32.D 33.C 34.B 35.D 36.A 37.D 38.B 39.A 40.C
    【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了35岁的英国律师维多利亚·埃文斯仅靠一艘小船陪伴,成功地横渡了大西洋的故事。
    21.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这位35岁的女选手在40天19小时内完成了4740公里的航程,与大风、巨浪和睡眠不足作斗争,创下了女子单人划船横渡大西洋的最快纪录。A. flew飞;B. drve驾驶;C. measured测量;D. cvered行走(一段距离)。结合下文“4,740 kilmeters in 40 days and 19 hurs”可知,此处指她在40天19小时内完成了4740公里的航程,即行进了那么长的距离。故选D。
    22.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aviding避免;B. battling作战;斗争;C. facing面对;D. surviving幸存。结合下文“high winds, big waves and lack f sleep”可知,此处指与大风,巨浪和睡眠不足作斗争,故选B。
    23.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aid帮助;B. match匹配;C. recrd创下记录;D. meet会面。结合下文“the fastest female sl rw acrss the Atlantic Ocean”及“brke the previus wrld recrd by ver eight days”可知,此处指她创下了女子单人划船横渡大西洋的最快纪录。故选C。
    24.考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管一路上遇到了很多问题和极端条件,埃文斯最终还是以8天多的成绩打破了之前的世界纪录。A. prblems问题;B. tricks诡计;C. successes成功;D. surprises惊讶。结合上文“acrss the Atlantic Ocean”及下文“and extreme cnditins alng the way”可知,在横渡大西洋的过程中,有很多的困难和极端条件。故选A。
    25.考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. casually随意地;B. magically神奇地;C. naturally自然地;D. eventually最终地。结合下文“brke the previus wrld recrd by ver eight days”可知,她创下了新的记录,所以此处指最终她成功地实现了破纪录。故选D。
    26.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她告诉 CNN 体育频道说:“这比我想象的要困难得多,我可能遭遇到了最强的风,你需要继续经历的适应是巨大的。”A. tugher更困难的;B. stranger更奇怪的;C. busier更忙碌的;D. funnier更有趣的。结合后文“I gt prbably the strngest wind and the adaptatin yu need t keep”可知,她划船横渡大西洋,所以这比她想的要困难的多。故选A。
    27.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. smth顺利的;B. huge巨大的;C. surprising令人惊讶的;D. cmmn普通的。结合前文“I gt prbably the strngest wind and the adaptatin yu need t keep ging thrugh was”可知,空处的词应和前文的strngest意思相近,所以此处指需要适应的继续坚持是巨大的。故选B。
    28.考查名词词义辨析。句意:埃文斯花了四年的时间为这次千载难逢的旅行做准备,但面对横渡大洋的现实,她什么也没有做好准备。A. expectatin期待;B. destinatin目的地;C. jurney行程;旅程;D. discvery发现。结合前文内容及下文“the trip was…by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”可知,埃文斯成功地单人划船横渡大西洋,所以此处指她花了四年时间来准备这次横渡大西洋的航行。故选C。
    29.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wisdm智慧;B. discuragement沮丧;C. reality现实;D. flag旗帜。结合上文“high winds, big waves”及“I gt prbably the strngest wind ”可知,此处指大西洋上的客观现实是你无法准备应对的。故选C。
    30.考查动词词义辨析。句意:甚至在出发之前,这次航行就被2019冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题所困扰,迫使这一挑战推迟了一年。A. trubled困扰;B. destryed破坏;C. guided带领;D. mnitred监视。结合下文“by issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”可知,此处指由于冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题所困扰,故选A。
    31.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. mtivated激发;B. pstpned推迟;C. accumulated积累;D. shrtened缩短。结合上文“the COVID-19 pandemic which frced the challenge t be”及下文“by a year”可知,此处指因为冠状病毒疾病大流行引发的问题,迫使这次挑战推迟了一年。故选B。
    32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一旦挑战开始,强风使划船和睡眠变得极其困难,埃文斯有时会漂离路线。A. halfway中途的;B. nearby附近的;C. verhead头顶上的;D. underway正在进行中的。结合下文“High winds made rwing and sleeping extremely difficult”可知,这里谈到了横渡大西洋期间,所面临的恶劣的环境情形,所以此处指在挑战进行期间,故选D。
    33.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bay湾;B. prt港口;C. track路线;轨道;D. island岛。结合前文“High winds made rwing and sleeping extremely difficult, causing Evans t flat ff ”可知,在埃文斯横渡大西洋期间,恶劣的自然环境迫使她偏离了路线。故选C。
    34.考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一次,她甚至被困在自己的船舱外面,因为一个波浪从里面把门锁上了。A. stred贮存;B. stuck困住;C. fixed固定;D. discvered发现。结合下文“utside f her cabin (舱) after a wave lcked the…frm the inside”可知,海浪把船舱的门从里面锁住了,导致她被困在了船舱外面。故选B。
    35.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. drawer抽屉;B. cupbard橱柜;C. shelter庇护所;D. dr门。结合前文“utside f her cabin (舱)”及下文“frm the inside”可知,此处指大浪把船舱的门从里面锁住了。故选D。
    36.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她花了三个小时才打开船舱门的锁。A. lck锁;B. chain链条;C. wheel轮子;D. zipper拉链。结合上文“a wave lcked the…frm the inside”可知,此处指大浪把舱门锁住了,因而此处指她用了三个小时时间把锁打开,故选A。
    37.考查动词词义辨析。句意:埃文斯经常不可避免地被晒伤,但她设法在极端条件下恢复过来。A. rescue营救;B. escape逃脱;C. lse失去;D. recver恢复。结合前文“British lawyer Victria Evans succeeded in crssing the Atlantic Ocean.”可知,埃文斯成功地横渡了大西洋,因而此处指在极端条件下,埃文斯设法恢复过来。故选D。
    38.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“这对我来说是一项非常有吸引力的运动,因为当你在那里的时候,你不能下船,你必须应对它。所以它非常非常有吸引力,”埃文斯说,她在2017年攀登勃朗峰后,受到启发要跨越大西洋。A. easy容易的;B. attractive吸引人的;C. mild温和的;D. basic基本的。根据后文“S it was s, s inviting(所以它非常非常吸引人)”指这是一项非常有吸引力的运动,故选B。
    39.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. deal with解决;处理;B. break int破门而入;C. take up从事;D. cme acrss偶遇。结合上文“yu can’t get ff when yu’re there”可知,在航行中你不能下船,你需要解决这些问题。故选A。
    40.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. frced强迫;B. rdered命令;C. inspired启发,鼓舞;D. asked询问。根据下文“after climbing Mnt Blanc in 2017”可知,此处指她在2017年成功攀登勃朗峰后,受到了启发,决定穿越大西洋。故选C。
    Clse 3
    (2023·天津·耀华中学校考二模)Ken Campbell had last attempted running at high schl. When his wife, Susan, injured her ft, she needed 41 t rejin her running grup, s Campbell went alng t keep her cmpany in the 42 . “We were just walking at the beginning,” he says, “I was heavy, and weighed ver 90kg.” But as the weeks and mnths passed, the weight 43 , Susan recvered and Campbell’s 44 grew. At the age f 63, he ran 50km, and at 70, he cmpleted a 100km ultramarathn.
    S hw des smene with n 45 precedent (先例) becme an ultradistance runner in his 60s and 70s? Susan had run marathns befre her 46 , but fr Campbell, the turning pint came when Susan’s Fleet Feet running grup 47 the trails in the Sierra Nevada fthills near their hme.
    Campbell went ut t visit Susan’s grup, and “the trails were a terrible 48 . It had been raining, and I was slipping, 49 and falling. But I thught, well, I like this a lt.”
    What he liked 50 was the feeling f “being wrapped by the trail, being 51 by the clseness f the vegetatin (植被) and the nearness f the river. I was walking where 52 peple had walked fr thusands f years and where miners had walked n their way t gld.”
    Running the 100km ultramarathn tk Campbell 16 hurs. When Campbell 53 the finish line at 3 am, Susan handed him a 100km sticker t 54 n the back f his truck. He already had a 50km ne n there. “It is a public statement that yu are part f this 55 ,” he says. “Wherever we park, I see a line f 56 with their varius stickers and I feel that we are a tribe (部落).”
    Campbell suffered arthritis (关节炎) befre he started running, and was “a(n) 57 fr knee replacement”, but fr nw, he is 58 n surgery. It can 59 the running—but the “sense f wellbeing and accmplishment will carry me n frever”, he says, “If I can’t run, I will 60 .”
    41.A.peratinB.supprtC.dignityD.arrangement
    42.A.symptmB.recveryC.treatmentD.diagnsis
    43.A.came utB.gt arundC.went ffD.fell away
    44.A.talentB.healthC.experiencesD.abilities
    45.A.sprtingB.vlunteeringC.appealingD.inspiring
    46.A.graduatinB.injuryC.grwthD.attendance
    47.A.mved abutB.accunted frC.gt ffD.tk t
    48.A.fancyB.atmsphereC.messD.dream
    49.A.slidingB.mvingC.hikingD.stretching
    50.A.abve allB.at randmC.n purpseD.in turn
    51.A.appreciatedB.invitedC.buriedD.embraced
    52.A.familiarB.generusC.nativeD.strange
    53.A.partedB.returnedC.crssedD.divided
    54.A.lcateB.displayC.remainD.advertise
    55.A.cmmunityB.achievementC.prcessD.class
    56.A.driversB.vehiclesC.athletesD.trees
    57.A.targetB.alternativeC.candidateD.survivr
    58.A.staying upB.living thrughC.lking backD.hlding ff
    59.A.thrw light nB.put an end tC.have an eye frD.take advantage f
    60.A.lieB.restC.stpD.walk
    【答案】41.B 42.B 43.D 44.D 45.A 46.B 47.D 48.C 49.A 50.A 51.D 52.C 53.C 54.B 55.A 56.B 57.C 58.D 59.B 60.D
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了没有运动先例的坎贝尔因照顾妻子与跑步结缘,并热爱上这项运动的故事。
    41.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当他的妻子苏珊的脚受伤时,她需要帮助才能重新加入跑步小组,所以坎贝尔陪着她一起康复。A. peratin操作;B. supprt帮助;C. dignity尊严;D. arrangement安排。根据句中“Susan, injured her ft”和“t rejin her running grup”可推知,坎贝尔的妻子脚受伤,她需要丈夫的帮助才能重新回到跑步小组。故选B项。
    42.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当他的妻子苏珊的脚受伤时,她需要帮助才能重新加入跑步小组,所以坎贝尔陪着她一起康复。A. symptm症状;B. recvery康复;C. treatment治疗;D. diagnsis诊断。根据上文“Susan, injured her ft”和下文“We were just walking at the beginning,”可知,苏珊只能行走,受伤的脚还在康复期。故选B项。
    43.考查动词短语辨析。句意:但几周、几个月过去了,体重减轻了,苏珊恢复了健康,坎贝尔的能力也增强了。A. came ut出来;B. gt arund传播;C. went ff关闭;D. fell away消瘦。上文“I was heavy, and weighed ver 90kg.”讲坎贝尔太胖了,结合句中“But as the weeks and mnths passed”可推知,通过锻炼他的体重减轻了。故选D项。
    44.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但几周、几个月过去了,体重减轻了,苏珊恢复了健康,坎贝尔的能力也增强了。A. talent才能;B. health健康;C. experiences经验;D. abilities能力。根据下文“At the age f 63, he ran 50km, and at 70, he cmpleted a 100km ultramarathn.”可知,坎贝尔的运动能力增强了。故选D项。
    45.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:那么,一个没有运动先例的人是如何在六七十岁的时候成为一名超远距离运动员的呢?A. sprting体育运动的;B. vlunteering自愿的;C. appealing吸引人的;D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据第一段中“Ken Campbell had last attempted running at high schl.”和“I was heavy, and weighed ver 90kg.”可知,坎贝尔不是一个爱运动的人,没有运动的先例。故选A项。
    46.考查名词词义辨析。句意:苏珊在受伤前跑过马拉松,但对坎贝尔来说,转折点出现在苏珊的Fleet Feet跑步小组喜欢上他们家附近的内华达山脉山麓的小径。A. graduatin毕业;B. injury伤害;C. grwth增长;D. attendance出勤。根据上文“When his wife, Susan, injured her ft, she needed 1 t rejin her running grup”可知,苏珊在受伤前跑过马拉松。故选B项。
    47.考查动词短语辨析。句意:苏珊在受伤前跑过马拉松,但对坎贝尔来说,转折点出现在苏珊的Fleet Feet跑步小组喜欢上他们家附近的内华达山脉山麓的小径。A. mved abut四处活动;B. accunted fr说明;C. gt ff下车;D. tk t喜欢。根据下一段中“Campbell went ut t visit Susan’s grup, and “the trails were a terrible 8 .”可知,苏珊的跑步小组在他们家附近的内华达山脉山麓小径跑步,说明跑步小组喜欢这里的环境。故选D项。
    48.考查名词词义辨析。句意:坎贝尔去拜访苏珊的跑步小组,发现“小径上一片狼藉。天一直在下雨,我失足,滑行。但我想,好吧,我很喜欢这个。”A. fancy想法;B. atmsphere气氛;C. mess混乱;D. dream梦想。根据下文“It had been raining, and I was slipping, 9 and falling.”可知,跑步的小径因为下雨一团糟。故选C项。
    49.考查动词词义辨析。句意:坎贝尔去拜访苏珊的跑步小组,发现“小径上一片狼藉。天一直在下雨,我失足,滑行。但我想,好吧,我很喜欢这个。”A. sliding滑行;B. mving移动;C. hiking徒步旅行;D. stretching伸展。与动词slipping和falling并列,表示“滑行”。故选A项。
    50.考查介词短语辨析。句意:他最喜欢的是那种“被小径包裹着,被茂密的植被和河流所拥抱”的感觉。我走的地方是当地人走过几千年的地方,也是矿工们寻找黄金的地方。”A. abve all首先,最重要的;B. at randm随机;C. n purpse故意;D. in turn反过来。根据句中“the feeling f “being wrapped by the trail, being 11 by the clseness f the vegetatin (植被) and the nearness f the river.”可知,这是坎贝尔最喜欢的部分。故选A项。
    51.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. appreciated欣赏;B. invited邀请;C. buried埋葬;D. embraced拥抱。根据句中“the clseness f the vegetatin”可推知,坎贝尔喜欢被动茂密的植被拥抱的感觉, embraced与上文wrapped同语一致。故选D项。
    52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. familiar熟悉;B. generus慷慨的;C. native本地的;D. strange奇怪的。根据句中“peple had walked fr thusands f years”可知,这些人是本地人。故选C项。
    53.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当坎贝尔凌晨3点冲过终点线时,苏珊递给他一张100公里的贴纸,让他在卡车后面展示。A. parted分开;B. returned返回;C. crssed穿过;D. divided分开。根据句中“the finish line”可知,坎贝尔穿过了终点线。故选C项。
    54.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当坎贝尔凌晨3点冲过终点线时,苏珊递给他一张100公里的贴纸,让他在卡车后面展示。A. lcate定位;B. display展示;C. remain保持;D. advertise宣传。根据句中“n the back f his truck”可知,贴纸是拿来用于展示的。故选B项。
    55.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一份公开声明,表明你是这个社区的一员。A. cmmunity社区;B. achievement成就;C. prcess过程;D. class类。根据下文“Wherever we park, I see a line f 16 with their varius stickers and I feel that we are a tribe (部落).””可知,跑完100公里超级马拉松的人都有贴纸,所以他们是一个部落,一个社区。故选A项。
    56.考查名词词义辨析。句意:无论我们在哪里停车,我都会看到一排贴着各种贴纸的车辆,我觉得我们是一个部落。A. drivers司机;B. vehicles车辆;C. athletes运动员;D. trees树。根据上文“Susan handed him a 100km sticker t 14 n the back f his truck.”可知,贴纸是贴在车上的,所以他看到的是一排贴着各种贴纸的车辆。故选B项。
    57.考查名词词义辨析。句意:坎贝尔在开始跑步之前患有关节炎,并且是“膝关节置换术的候选人”,但现在,他推迟了手术。A. target目标;B. alternative另一种选择;C. candidate候选人;D. survivr幸存者。根据句中“knee replacement”可知,坎贝尔在排队等候膝关节置换术,他是候选人。故选C项。
    58.考查动词短语辨析。句意:坎贝尔在开始跑步之前患有关节炎,并且是“膝关节置换术的候选人”,但现在,他推迟了手术。A. staying up熬夜;B. living thrugh渡过;C. lking back回顾;D. hlding ff暂缓。上文说坎贝尔在排队等候膝关节置换术,结合连词but可知,上下文之是转折关系,可推知,现在他推迟了手术。故选D项。
    59.考查动词短语辨析。句意:它可以结束跑步,但“幸福感和成就感将永远支撑着我”,他说,“如果我不能跑,我会走。”A. thrw light n揭示;B. put an end t结束;C. have an eye fr很有眼力;D. take advantage f利用。根据上文可知,坎贝尔患有关节炎,关节炎可能会结束他的跑步生涯。故选B项。
    60.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它可以结束跑步,但“幸福感和成就感将永远支撑着我”,他说,“如果我不能跑,我会走。”A. lie撒谎;B. rest休息;C. stp停止;D. walk走。根据上文“sense f wellbeing and accmplishment will carry me n frever”可推知,坎贝尔不会放弃锻炼,即使不能跑,他还是会坚持行走。故选D项。
    Clse 4
    (2023·河南·统考二模)When Mrs. Klein tld her first graders t draw a picture f smething fr which they were thankful, she thught hw 61 these children, wh lived in a deterirating(正在恶化的)neighbrhd, actually had t be thankful fr. Since it was Thanksgiving Day, she 62 that mst f the class wuld draw pictures f turkeys r f Thanksgiving tables with lts f fd. That was what they believed was expected f them.
    What tk Mrs. Klein aback was Duglas’s 63 . Duglas was s lnely and likely t be fund clse in her 64 as they went utside fr break. Duglas’s drawing was simply this: A hand, 65 , but whse hand? The class was 66 by his image.
    “I think it must be the hand f Gd that brings us fd,” said ne student.
    “A farmer,” said anther, “because they 67 the turkeys.”
    “It lks mre like a 68 , and they prtect us.”
    “I think,” said Lavinia, wh was always s 69 , “that it is suppsed t be all the hands that help us, 70 Duglas culd nly draw ne f them.”
    Mrs. Klein had 71 frgtten Duglas in her 72 at finding the class s respnsive. When she had the thers at wrk n anther prjects she 73 his desk and asked whse hand it was. Duglas mumbled, “It’s yurs, Teacher.”
    Then Mrs. Klein 74 that she had taken Duglas by the hand frm time t time; she 75 did that with the children. But it shuld have 76 s much t Duglas...
    Mrs. Klein was deeply 77 frm the bttm f her heart. Perhaps, she 78 , this was her Thanksgiving, and everybdy’s Thanksgiving —nt the 79 things given t us, but the small 80 that we give smething t thers.
    61.A.happyB.muchC.manyD.little
    62.A.persuadedB.knewC.dubtedD.suspected
    63.A.pictureB.questinC.infrmatinD.gesture
    64.A.grupB.classrmC.shadwD.heart
    65.A.generallyB.bviuslyC.abslutelyD.cmmnly
    66.A.amusedB.shckedC.fascinatedD.pleased
    67.A.develpB.purchaseC.bringD.raise
    68.A.plicemanB.teacherC.dnrD.psychlgist
    69.A.shyB.bldC.seriusD.funny
    70.A.andB.butC.sD.fr
    71.A.almstB.cmpletelyC.merelyD.hardly
    72.A.pleasureB.calmnessC.curisityD.madness
    73.A.std upB.passed byC.bent verD.came acrss
    74.A.recnsideredB.rethughtC.remindedD.recalled
    75.A.neverB.ftenC.seldmD.smetimes
    76.A.reactedB.happenedC.referredD.meant
    77.A.satisfiedB.tuchedC.disappintedD.frustrated
    78.A.frgtB.rememberedC.claimedD.reflected
    79.A.materialB.abstractC.mentalD.slid
    80.A.kindnessB.thingsC.waysD.care
    【答案】61.D 62.B 63.A 64.C 65.B 66.C 67.D 68.A 69.C 70.B 71.A 72.A 73.C 74.D 75.B 76.D 77.B 78.D 79.A 80.C
    【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述了学生道格拉斯在感恩节时画了一只老师的手来表达对老师的感恩之情。
    61.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当克莱恩夫人告诉她的一年级学生画一幅他们感恩的东西时,她想,这些生活在一个日益恶化的社区的孩子们实际上他们不得不感恩的东西是多么少。A. happy高兴的;B. much许多的(修饰不可数名词);C. many许多的(修饰可数名词);D. little少的。由上文“wh lived in a deterirating(正在恶化的)neighbrhd”可知,孩子们生活在一个日益恶化的社区,所以他们能感恩的东西很少。故选D。
    62.考查动词词义辨析。句意:因为今天是感恩节,她知道班上大部分同学都会画火鸡,或者会画感恩节餐桌上的很多食物。A. persuaded劝说;B. knew知道;C. dubted怀疑;D. suspected怀疑。由上文“Since it was Thanksgiving Day”和下文“that mst f the class wuld draw pictures f turkeys r f Thanksgiving tables with lts f fd.”可知,今天是感恩节,所以克莱恩夫人知道班上大部分同学都会画火鸡或者画一些食物,故选B。
    63.考查名词词义辨析。句意:让克莱因太太吃惊的是道格拉斯的画。A. picture画;B. questin问题;C. infrmatin信息;D. gesture手势。由上文“draw a picture”和下文“Duglas’s drawing”可知,此处指道格拉斯的画的画,故选A。
    64.考查名词词义辨析。句意:道格拉斯是如此的孤单,当他们下课到外面休息时,他很可能会在她的附近被发现。A. grup群体;B. classrm教室;C. shadw影子;D. heart心。由上文“Duglas was s lnely and likely t be fund clse in her”可知,道格拉斯很孤单,所以在下课到外面休息时,他总是挨着老师,即一个人在老师附近,clse in ne’s shadw此处引申为“离某人很近”。故选C。
    65.考查副词词义辨析。句意:道格拉斯的画很简单: 一只手,很明显,但是谁的手呢?A. generally大概;B. bviusly显然地;C. abslutely绝对地;D. cmmnly共同地。由上文“Duglas’s drawing was simply this: A hand”可知,道格拉斯的画很简单:只画了一只很明显的手。故选B。
    66.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:全班同学都被他的画吸引住了。A. amused逗乐的;B. shcked震惊的;C. fascinated极感兴趣的;D. pleased高兴的。由下文““I think it must be the hand f Gd that brings us fd,” said ne student...“I think,” said Lavinia”同学们的讨论可知,同学们被道格斯的画吸引住,故选C。
    67.考查动词词义辨析。句意: “一个农民,”另一个人说,“因为他们养火鸡。”A. develp发展;B. purchase购买;C. bring带来;D. raise提高;喂养。由上文“A farmer”可知,火鸡是由农民养的,故选D。
    68.考查名词词义辨析。句意:它看起来更像一个警察,他们保护我们。A. pliceman警察;B. teacher老师;C. dnr捐赠者;D. psychlgist心理学家。由下文“they prtect us”可知,是警察保护我们,故选A。
    69.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“我想,”拉维尼娅说,她总是那么认真,“它应该是所有帮助我们的人,但道格拉斯只能画出其中的一个。”A. shy害羞的;B. bld大胆的;C. serius严肃的;认真的;D. funny有趣的。由下文“that it is suppsed t be all the hands that help us”可知,拉维尼娅认为这只手应该是所有帮助我们的人,她考虑的比别的同学更多,这说明她认真思考,故选C。
    70.考查连词词义辨析。句意:“我想,”拉维尼娅说,她总是那么严肃,“它应该是所有帮助我们的人,但道格拉斯只能画出其中的一个。”A. and并且;B. but但是;C. s因此;D. fr因为。前后是转折关系,应用转折连词but,故选B。
    71.考查副词词义辨析。句意:克莱因太太发现全班同学反应如此热烈,高兴得几乎把道格拉斯给忘了。A. almst几乎;B. cmpletely完全地;C. merely仅仅;D. hardly几乎不。由下文“at finding the class s respnsive.”可知,克莱因太太让其他同学一起讨论道格拉斯的画,她发现全班同学反应如此热烈,高兴得她几乎忘了道格拉斯,故选A。
    72.考查名词词义辨析。句意:克莱因太太发现全班同学反应如此热烈,高兴得几乎把道格拉斯给忘了。A. pleasure乐趣;B. calmness冷静;C. curisity好奇;D. madness疯狂。由下文“at finding the class s respnsive.”可知,看到学生谈论如此激励,作为老师应该高兴。故选A。
    73.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:当她让其他人做另一个项目时,她在他的桌子那弯下腰来,问这是谁的手。A. std up站起来;B. passed by路过;C. bent ver俯身;D. came acrss偶遇。由下文“his desk and asked whse hand it was”和常识可知,桌子低于人的身高,所以当老师和道格拉斯说话时,应该是弯腰俯身,故选C。
    74.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后克莱恩夫人回想起来,她时不时地拉着道格拉斯的手,她经常这样对孩子们。A. recnsidered重新考虑;B. rethught重新思考;C. reminded提醒;D. recalled回想。由下文“that she had taken Duglas by the hand frm time t time”可知,此处指克莱恩夫人回想起来自己曾经牵过道格拉斯和其他孩子的手,故选D。
    75.考查副词词义辨析。句意:然后克莱恩夫人回想起来,她时不时地拉着道格拉斯的手,她经常这样对孩子们。A. never从不;B. ften经常;C. seldm很少;D. smetimes有时候。由下文“did that with the children.”可知,此处指克莱恩夫人经常牵孩子们的手,故选B。
    76.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但这对道格拉斯来说意义重大。A. reacted反应;B. happened发生;C. referred参考;D. meant意味着。由下文“s much t Duglas...”和上文提到的道格斯画的是老师的手可知,这说明老师牵道格拉斯的手,这对道格拉斯来说意义重大,故选D。
    77.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:克莱恩夫人由衷地被深深地感动了。A. satisfied满意的;B. tuched感动的;C. disappinted失望的;D. frustrated沮丧的。由下文“frm the bttm f her heart.”可知,看到学生画自己的手老师应该是感动,故选B。
    78.考查动词词义辨析。句意:也许,她深思,这就是她的感恩节,也是每个人的感恩节——不是给我们的物质的东西,而是以这种小小的方式给别人东西。A. frgt忘记;B. remembered记住;C. claimed声称;D. reflected反应;深思。由下文“this was her Thanksgiving, and everybdy’s Thanksgiving”可知,老师通过这件事深思,故选D。
    79.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:也许,她想,这就是她的感恩节,也是每个人的感恩节——不是给我们物质的东西,而是以这种小小的方式给别人东西。A. material物质的;B. abstract抽象的;C. mental精神的;D. slid坚固的。由下文“things given t us,”可知,此处指物质的东西,故选A。
    80.考查名词词义辨析。句意:也许,她想,这就是她的感恩节,也是每个人的感恩节——不是给我们物质的东西,而是以这种小小的方式给别人东西。A. kindness友好;B. things东西;C. ways方法;D. care关系。由下文“that we give smething t thers.”和文章提到道格拉斯画了老师的手来表达对老师的感恩可知,他通过这种小小的方式来表达自己的感恩。故选C。
    Clse 5
    (2020·四川·校联考模拟预测)It was the third day after the quake already.
    The rescue wrkers were still lking fr 81 . They knew with each minute passing, the chance t find smene alive gets slimmer. They were 82 . Since the quake, many f 83 had been wrking cnstantly, withut any gd sleep. The 84 t these muntainus twns and villages were destryed. They did nt have 85 t wrk with. All they had were shvels and their bare hands.
    But they were still lking fr survivrs.
    “Cme here! There is a bdy!” 86 a rescue wrker. Under a big chunk f rf was a 87 . She was lying with a strange pse — she 88 n the grund with her upper bdy stretching frward. Her head was n the grund t, 89 she was praying fr her survival.
    The wman was nt respnsive t any call. 90 , just t make sure, the nurse still tried t test her 91 , t see if she was still breathing.
    Nt really. She was breathless, and her bdy cld. Praying r nt, it did nt 92 . The team mved n.
    When the team reached the 93 cllapsed building, the captain suddenly ran back t the wman, as if 94 smething. He lay dwn, and stretched his arm t tuch the space 95 her.
    “There is a baby! And he is alive!” He cried ut.
    It was a newly-brn, neatly wrapped in a 96 decrated with flwers. Miraculusly, he did nt even have a scratch in his bdy. When taken 97 , he was still peacefully sleeping.
    The nurse tk the baby and started ding rutine 98 . When unwrapping the blanket, she fund a cell phne tucked between the baby and his diaper. 99 had a text message written n the screen, 100 :
    “My dear baby, if yu can survive, please remember mm lves yu.”
    81.A.survivrsB.bdiesC.victimsD.patients
    82.A.verdrunkB.versleptC.verwrkedD.vercrwded
    83.A.whmB.themC.whichD.that
    84.A.highwaysB.mtrwaysC.radsD.railways
    85.A.machineryB.helpersC.galsD.leaders
    86.A.screamedB.laughedC.saidD.shuted
    87.A.girlB.wmanC.babyD.student
    88.A.kneeledB.satC.layD.fell
    89.A.even ifB.as ifC.althughD.s
    90.A.MreverB.MeanwhileC.HweverD.Otherwise
    91.A.pulseB.temperatureC.bld pressureD.breath
    92.A.matterB.helpC.cuntD.mind
    93.A.lastB.therC.frmerD.next
    94.A.realizingB.recgnizingC.imagingD.understanding
    95.A.abveB.underC.besideD.ppsite
    96.A.vercatB.sheetC.blanketD.quilt
    97.A.inB.dwnC.utD.up
    98.A.examsB.quizsC.cmpetitinsD.tests
    99.A.TheyB.HeC.WeD.It
    100.A.speakingB.readingC.tellingD.annucing
    【答案】81.A 82.C 83.B 84.C 85.A 86.D 87.B 88.A 89.B 90.C 91.D 92.B 93.D 94.A 95.B 96.C 97.C 98.A 99.D 100.B
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述地震救援工作人员发现一位母亲用自己的身体在废墟下为刚出生的婴儿撑起生命空间的感人故事。
    81.考查名词词义辨析。句意:救援人员仍在寻找幸存者。A. survivrs幸存者;B. bdies身体,尸体;C. victims受害者;D. patients病人。根据下文“They knew with each minute passing, the chance t find smene alive gets slimmer.”可知,他们在寻找幸存者。故选A。
    82.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们过度劳累了。A. verdrunk过度饮酒的;B. verslept睡过头的;C. verwrked过度劳累的;D. vercrwded过度拥挤的。根据下文“Since the quake, many f 3 had been wrking cnstantly, withut any gd sleep.”可知,他们过度劳累。故选C。
    83.考查代词和连词。句意:自从地震以来,他们中的许多人一直在不停地工作,没有睡好觉。A. whm指人;B. them他们;C. which指物;D. that指人/物。分析句子成分可知,这是一个简单句,不需要连词,空处作句子主语,位于介词f后用宾格形式。故选B。
    84.考查名词词义辨析。句意:通往山区的城镇和村庄的路被摧毁。A. highways公路;B. mtrways高速公路;C. rads道路;D. railways铁路。根据本句“t these muntainus twns and villages”可知,通往山区的城镇和村庄的路。故选C。
    85.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们没有机器来工作。A. machinery机器;B. helpers帮助者;C. gals目标;D. leaders领导者。根据下文“All they had were shvels and their bare hands.”可知,他们只有铲子,说明没有机器。故选A。
    86.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“到这儿来!有一个人!”一名救援人员喊道。A. screamed尖叫;B. laughed大笑;C. said说;D. shuted大喊。根据常识以及本句““Cme here! There is a bdy!””可知,他是大喊。故选D。
    87.考查名词词义辨析。句意:在一大块屋顶下有一个妇女。A. girl女孩;B. wman妇女;C. baby婴儿;D. student学生。根据后文“the captain suddenly ran back t the wman”可知,这是妇女。故选B。
    88.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她以一种奇怪的姿势躺着——她跪在地上,上半身向前伸展。A. kneeled跪;B. sat坐;C. lay躺,撒谎;D. fell落下。根据后文“she was praying fr her survival”可知,她的姿势好像在祈祷,故可知她是跪着的。故选A。
    89.考查连词词义辨析。句意:她的头也垂在地上,仿佛在为自己的生存祈祷。A. even if即使;B. as if好像;C. althugh尽管;D. s所以。根据前文“she 8 n the grund with her upper bdy stretching frward.”可知,姿势的描述,好像是祈祷的姿势。故选B。
    90.考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,为了确保万无一失,护士仍然试着测试她的呼吸,看她是否还有呼吸。A. Mrever而且;B. Meanwhile与此同时;C. Hwever然而;D. Otherwise否则。根据前文“The wman was nt respnsive t any call.”以及空后“just t make sure, the nurse still tried t test her 11 , t see if she was still breathing.”可知,前后为转折关系。虽然没有了生命的迹象,但是护士还是对她进行检查。故选C。
    91.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,为了确保万无一失,护士仍然试着测试她的呼吸,看她是否还有呼吸。A. pulse脉搏;B. temperature温度;C. bld pressure血压;D. breath呼吸。根据本句“t see if she was still breathing”可知,是检查呼吸。故选D。
    92.考查动词词义辨析。句意:不管祈祷与否,都无济于事。A. matter要紧;B. help帮助;C. cunt重要;D. mind介意。根据前文“She was breathless, and her bdy cld”可知,她已经没有生命体征了,祈祷不祈祷,都没用了。故选B。
    93.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当救援队到达下一个倒塌的建筑物时,队长突然跑回那个女人身边,好像意识到了什么。A. last最后的;B. ther别的;C. frmer前者的;D. next下一个的。根据常识可知,救援队搜救是挨着搜救的,因此此处指到下一个倒塌的建筑。故选D。
    94.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当救援队到达下一个倒塌的建筑物时,队长突然跑回那个女人身边,好像意识到了什么。A. realizing意识到;B. recgnizing辨别出,认可;C. imaging想象;D. understanding明白。根据本句“the captain suddenly ran back t the wman”可知,队长突然跑回女士那里,是意识到了什么。故选A。
    95.考查介词词义辨析。句意:他躺下,伸出胳膊去摸她身下的空间。A. abve超过;B. under在……下面;C. beside在……旁边;D. ppsite在……对面。根据前文“she 8 n the grund with her upper bdy stretching frward.”可知,这种姿势会在下面形成空间。故选B。
    96.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一个新生儿,被整齐地包裹在一条装饰着鲜花的毯子里。A. vercat外套;B. sheet床单;C. blanket毯子;D. quilt被子。根据后文“When unwrapping the blanket”可知,是毯子。故选C。
    97.考查介词词义辨析。句意:当他被带出来时,他还在安静地睡觉。A. in在……里;B. dwn在……下面;C. ut向外;D. up向上。前文“she 8 n the grund with her upper bdy stretching frward.”可知,婴儿被从这种姿势形成的空间里被抱出来。根据故选C。
    98.考查名词词义辨析。句意:护士抱着孩子开始做例行检查。A. exams考试,检查;B. quizs小测验;C. cmpetitins竞赛;D. tests测试。根据本句主语“The nurse”可知,护士要对婴儿进行检查。故选A。
    99.考查代词词义辨析。句意:屏幕上写着一条短信:“亲爱的孩子,如果你能活下来,请记住妈妈爱你。”A. They他们;B. He他;C. We我们;D. It它。照应前文“a cell phne”可知,此处是指手机的屏幕上有一句话。故选D。
    100.考查动词词义辨析。句意:屏幕上写着一条短信:“亲爱的孩子,如果你能活下来,请记住妈妈爱你。”A. speaking说;B. reading写着;C. telling告诉;D. annucing宣布。根据本句“a text message”可知,短信上写着。故选B。
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