适用于新教材2024版高考英语一轮总复习Unit1Honestyandresponsibility牛津译林版选择性必修第四册

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选择性必修第四册　Unit1
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
On January 9,2022,it was another cold morning.Temperatures reached lows of 17.6 °F (-8℃).Dusti Talavera,a housewife in the south suburbs of Denver,was washing dishes in her kitchen when she witnessed a frightening scene outside her kitchen window.Glancing out her kitchen window,she noticed a group of young children playing on an icy pond.Moments later,the children fell through the ice.
Dusti’s heart raced as she saw the children fall through the ice,and she immediately grabbed her shoes to run outside.Submerged(淹没)in the freezing water,the children had lost the strength to stay above the surface.Their fingers were only visible as they desperately tried to grab onto the edges of the ice.
Without hesitation,Dusti placed her own life at risk by stepping on the thin,unstable ice to try to reach the three children.As she reached her hands out to grab them,she also broke the ice and fell into the 15-foot deep pond.
Dusti was first able to reach and pull out the 4-year-old girl and 11-year-old boy.She struggled to reach the last child,a 6-year-old girl.After hearing the loud screams for help,the young girl’s 16-year-old cousin suddenly arrived on scene.He threw Dusti a rope,which she used to drag herself and the young girl out of the water.
All three children were pulled out of the icy water as first responders arrived on scene.The 6-year-old girl was not breathing and had no pulse after being submerged in the icy water for two minutes.First responders performed life-saving CPR.Once the girl was able to breathe on her own,the EMTs (emergency medical technicians) rushed her to the hospital.
1.What did Dusti witness outside her kitchen window?
A.The pond was frozen overnight.
B.Her children fell into the icy pond.
C.A couple of kids were in danger.
D.Temperatures reached a new low.
2.Which of the following best describes Dusti?
A.Generous.　　　　　B.Brave.
C.Demanding. D.Impatient.
3.What did the 16-year-old teen do according to the text?
A.He cried out for help.
B.He called the EMTs.
C.He performed CPR.
D.He got a rope to come to the rescue.
4.What’s the main idea of the text?
A.Three children were found playing on the ice.
B.A woman risked her life to save three children.
C.EMTs did a great job at the moment of truth.
D.Life-saving CPR got spread everywhere.

B
(2022河南郑州三模)
There is a photo in my collection that I pull out from time to time to remind myself of an old vacation.It’s a picture of me from the late 1970s on a bench in London’s Victoria Station,my head resting against a wall,eyes closed with tiredness,and clothes messed up.I used to love that shot taken by my wife.It was evidence of my leisure time,of travel,of interruption from the office:miles covered,sights seen,train stations raced through,and goals achieved.
However,as I left work to hit the vacation road this summer,I took along something extra.This traveling companion had a habit of ruining trips with feelings of guilt—the guilt that came from attempting to vacation with work in mind.
The conflict between the time we want off and the guilt we feel when we actually give in to leisure is a long-running battle that has gone too far,driven by an over-scheduling enthusiasm.It has made many feel as if their free moments are a form of truancy.It’s hard to take it easy when you’ve been programmed not to.We have been taught for generations that work is the only goal.Time that is unfilled is bad,we are led to believe,and unplanned enjoyment should be avoided.This is stressed today by a workplace culture that wants you to believe that advancement depends on your staying on the job.
Research now shows,however,that leisure time can do something job advancement and money can’t.Leisure activities increase your desire to work;leadership skills,your sense of awareness and your ability to change.Free time also promotes a positive mood and sense of well-being,because it develops self-worth.Deep down,everyone knows we need time off to make our lives better.
On holiday,using your productive output as a measure of yourself doesn’t work.This is because a vacation isn’t about output;it’s about input—exploring,learning,reflecting.The magic of a holiday is in the experience itself.This is the same as life satisfaction;it can’t be measured,only felt.The best part of a vacation isn’t going somewhere else;it’s being where you are,fully involved in the experience.
5.Why does the author look at that photo from time to time?
A.It brings back his memory of leisure travel.
B.It describes his tired appearance on vacation.
C.It gives evidence of his running away from work.
D.It records a life goal achieved during his holiday.
6.What made the author feel guilty during this summer vacation?
A.The tight schedule.
B.Not staying on the job.
C.The unplanned journey.
D.Not reaching the expected goal.
7.What does the author think the benefit of leisure time is?
A.It promotes job advancement.
B.It improves your productive output.
C.It is good for your personal development.
D.It helps you see your goals in life more clearly.
8.What does the author suggest people do while on vacation?
A.Reflect on their work.
B.Avoid unplanned activities.
C.Enjoy the experience of travelling.
D.Ignore job advancement and money.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2022河北邯郸二模)
I often think of the fall when Grandma got the chance to “be useful again”.Back then,my parents and I lived with my aged and 　1　 grandparents.All of us helped make the grandparents’ day-to-day lives as 　2　 as possible.But Grandma was gradually going blind and Grandpa suffered from the 　3　of two strokes (中风). 
Grandma’s nephew had rented a lunch stand on the fairgrounds and he would be staying in town with us during the week-long fair.Grandma was delighted to put up her　4　,but the best was yet to come!Within a day or two,sandwiches at the stand sold like hotcakes.Since he opened early,the fair employees themselves bought their 　5　 there,keeping the man overly 　6　. 
Nearly 　7　 she may have been,but Grandma could do her part. 
I can see her now,　8　for hours with sandwich fixings and several varieties of bread neatly 　9　on the clean table before her,carefully making piles sandwiches and then carefully 　10　them in waxed paper before putting them in dishtowel-lined paper boxes. 
After this week of busy and noisy activity was over,Grandma　11　 decidedly,“That was the 　12　week I’ve had in years!” 
The　13　that memory brings back to me is that we all long for a chance to be “　14　”,appreciated,and helpful as well.No matter what our 　15　,there’s usually a way to contribute and,as a reward,strengthen our self-images. 
1.A.brave　　　B.poor
C.weak D.strange
2.A.special B.different
C.imaginable D.comfortable
3.A.signs B.chances
C.effects D.thoughts
4.A.child B.relative
C.friend D.neighbor
5.A.breakfasts B.lunches
C.dinners D.meals
6.A.careful B.occupied
C.painful D.alarmed
7.A.sightless B.jobless
C.hopeless D.aimless
8.A.resting B.waiting
C.standing D.walking
9.A.fixed B.folded
C.dropped D.arranged
10.A.wrapping B.hiding
C.cleaning D.heating
11.A.argued B.denied
C.stated D.added
12.A.worst B.best
C.longest D.shortest
13.A.lesson B.trouble
C.promise D.wish
14.A.wise B.lucky
C.proud D.useful
15.A.impressions B.advantages
C.judgments D.circumstances



参考答案
选择性必修第四册　Unit1
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。在一个寒冷的上午,达斯蒂发现三个在冰面上玩耍的孩子落水了。她不顾个人安危,勇敢地救出了落水的孩子们。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Glancingoutherkitchenwindow,shenoticedagroupofyoungchildrenplayingonanicypond.Momentslater,thechildrenfellthroughtheice.”可知,达斯蒂看见在冰面上玩耍的几个孩子掉进了冰窟窿,即孩子们陷入了危险中。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Withouthesitation,Dustiplacedherownlifeatriskbysteppingonthethin,unstableicetotrytoreachthethreechildren.”可知,达斯蒂奋不顾身地救人,因此她是勇敢的。
3.D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“HethrewDustiarope,whichsheusedtodragherselfandtheyounggirloutofthewater.”可知,那位少年找来了救人工具。
4.B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了达斯蒂冒着生命危险救了三个孩子的故事。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者对于休闲旅行的看法,指出休闲时间对个人发展的好处。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Itwasevidenceofmyleisuretime,oftravel,ofinterruptionfromtheoffice:milescovered,sightsseen,trainstationsracedthrough,andgoalsachieved.”可知,作者会时不时看那张照片是因为这让他想起了休闲旅行。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thistravelingcompanionhadahabitofruiningtripswithfeelingsofguilt—theguiltthatcamefromattemptingtovacationwithworkinmind.”可知,没有继续工作,这让作者在暑假期间感到内疚。
7.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Leisureactivitiesincreaseyourdesiretowork;leadershipskills,yoursenseofawarenessandyourabilitytochange.Freetimealsopromotesapositivemoodandsenseofwell-being,becauseitdevelopsself-worth.”可知,作者认为休闲时间对个人发展有好处。
8.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Themagicofaholidayisintheexperienceitself.”以及“Thebestpartofavacationisn’tgoingsomewhereelse;it’sbeingwhereyouare,fullyinvolvedintheexperience.”可知,作者建议人们度假时享受旅行带来的体验。
Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。每个人都渴望做一个有用的、被人欣赏和有帮助的人。作者一家细心看护的奶奶在几乎失明的情况下,还能长时间帮助侄子赶制三明治,这一周尽管忙碌,却是奶奶多年来过的最好的一周,奶奶觉得自己再一次成为有用的人。
1.C　根据下文“ButGrandmawasgraduallygoingblindandGrandpasufferedfromthe　　　oftwostrokes.”可知,作者的爷爷奶奶身体不好。weak符合语境。故选C项。 
2.D　根据上文“Backthen,myparentsandIlivedwithmyagedand　　　grandparents.”可知,爷爷奶奶年迈体弱,家人住在一起照顾老人,使他们能生活得舒服一点。comfortable符合语境。故选D项。 
3.C　根据句中的twostrokes,可推测,爷爷患了两次中风,深受其影响。effects符合语境,故选C项。
4.B　根据上句“Grandma’snephewhadrentedalunchstandonthefairgroundsandhewouldbestayingintownwithusduringtheweek-longfair.”可知,奶奶的侄子来集市做生意,要来投宿一周。relative符合语境。
5.A　根据语境,奶奶的侄子在集市摆午餐摊,但是开市早,集市的员工都在他的摊位上买三明治当早餐。
6.B　根据句意,集市的员工都在他的摊位上买三明治当早餐,以及上一句“Withinadayortwo,sandwichesatthestandsoldlikehotcakes.”可知,这个摊位的生意使得老板忙得不可开交。occupied符合语境。故选B项。
7.A　根据第一段最后一句“ButGrandmawasgraduallygoingblind”可知,sightless符合语境。
8.C　根据上一句“Nearly　　　shemayhavebeen,butGrandmacoulddoherpart.”可知,奶奶没有闲着,站在桌边帮忙制作三明治。standing符合语境。 
9.D　根据语境,几乎失明的奶奶在做三明治时,把所有的配料食材整齐地排列在桌上,才方便她制作三明治。arranged符合语境。
10.A　根据句中“inwaxedpaper”可知,奶奶把三明治用蜡纸包了起来。
11.C　根据第一段的第一句“IoftenthinkofthefallwhenGrandmagotthechanceto ‘beusefulagain’.”可知,帮忙做三明治,使奶奶很有成就感,觉得自己还能帮忙赶做三明治,奶奶对这一周的活动做总结性陈述。stated符合语境。
12.B　下文“The　　　thatmemorybringsbacktomeisthatwealllongforachancetobe ‘ 　　　,’appreciated,andhelpfulaswell.”帮忙做三明治,使奶奶觉得自己尽管老了,但是还能帮上忙,很有成就感,感觉这几天过的最好。故选B项。 
13.A　根据第一段中的“Allofushelpedmakethegrandparents’day-to-daylivesas　　　aspossible.”可知,一家人在生活上照顾着老人,使得奶奶觉得自己没有了各种能力,但是,奶奶经历了这一周的忙碌之后,自己觉得又变成了“有用的”人,这也是作者从奶奶的经历那里得到的间接的人生感悟。lesson符合语境,故选A项。 
14.D　根据第一段第一句“IoftenthinkofthefallwhenGrandmagotthechanceto ‘beusefulagain’.”可知,useful为原词复现,符合语境。故选D项。
15.D　根据上一句“The　　　thatmemorybringsbacktomeisthatwealllongforachancetobe ‘　　　’,appreciated,andhelpfulaswell.”可知,如果想成为“有用的人”,有帮助的人,无论在哪里,在什么样的环境中,都能找到实现这个想法的方式。circumstances符合语境。