Unit 1 Nature in the Balance 单元小练-2022-2023学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册

这是一份Unit 1 Nature in the Balance 单元小练-2022-2023学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册，共10页。

B3 U1单元小练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Bruges，Belgium
If you've seen the movie In Bruges, you probably know a little bit about this city.And even though Colin Farrell's character keeps saying it's boring，you can't deny the beauty of this medieval city.The Gothic architecture is just mesmerizing，all those pretty buildings wrapped in vines that become all shades of crimson in the fall—it's a feast for your eyes.And the canals，you have to take a boat ride through the canals when you're there—it's incredible.Plus，they have the most charming open air markets that work all the way until the end of November，and it's also a great opportunity to taste the best hot chocolate you'll ever have in your life.
Piedmont，Italy
If you like wine and good food，autumn is your peak season for visiting Italy.Fall is vineyard harvest time so definitely go to Piedmont.They also have lots of different food festivals in the autumn here，so if you want to try some mushrooms or truffles，chestnuts or chocolate，Italy is waiting for you this fall.
Loire Valley，France
For those of you who want to witness the colorful displays of autumn with a glass of wine in your hand，Loire Valley is your best destination.This region of France is famous for its vineyards and late October is the peak season if you want to see all the vineyards in a blaze of red，orange and golden hues.It's truly a sight to behold.
Amsterdam，the Netherlands
Amsterdam is beautiful at any time of the year，but there's just something incredibly romantic and picturesque about going on a bike ride in Amsterdam in the autumn.All the beautiful trees covered in red and orange leaves，the maze of canals reflecting the golden rays of the sun，beautiful and charming architecture of the houses that stand alongside the canals look a bit magical in the fall.
1．In how many places can you enjoy wine according to the passage?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
2．What can visitors taste in both Bruges and Piedmont?
A．Truffles. B．Mushrooms. C．Chocolate. D．Chestnuts.
3．Which activity can be included to your autumn trip?
A．Visit many historic sites in Piedmont.
B．Watch the movie In Bruges in Belgium.
C．Take a boat ride through the canals in Amsterdam.
D．Get the best view of the vineyards in Loire Valley in late October.
B
Years ago, I became involved in pet therapy (治疗) work.With digging deeper into the job, I had an urge to be a recorder of the pets' daily work to let more and more people know their efforts and contributions. After all, they could not speak our languages. It was when I got familiar with the work that I got my golden retriever(金毛寻回犬), whom I named Angel. As she matured and went through obedience training, I realized that she would be a good partner.
Angel is ten now and still works every week. As a rule, she visits two hospitals, a day care center for the elderly, and our library's PAWS for Reading program. Angel has also helped out at a children's special needs camp.She is so popular that everywhere we go people recognize her, especially the kids she has worked with.
We have seen some very special things through our pet therapy work. I brought Angel to our local hospital to visit a woman who was completely paralyzed(瘫痪的) on her right side from a stroke. One day, my husband, Jack, asked her if she wanted to give Angel a treat. She nodded. Angel gently took the treat. Then the woman raised her right hand and started petting Angel. Her friend was in the room and said, “She hasn't been able to move that hand since she had her stroke！”
Somehow it seems appropriate that when Angel visits the hospital, she also performs tricks for the patients with her paws.The best one is when she crouches on the floor and crosses her paws. She stays still and doesn't move until Jack says “Best wishes”. It's the best wishes for all the people Angel meets as well as for herself.
4．Why does the author want to be a recorder?
A．Pets cannot record themselves.
B．Pets should be highly praised.
C．Pets' labor should be recognized.
D．Pets' daily work is important.
5．How is Angel's work?
A．Busy but rewarding.
B．Interesting but tiring.
C．Funny and amusing.
D．Important and demanding.
6．What did Angel do for the paralyzed woman?
A．She cured her disease.
B．She visited her at times.
C．She gave her best wishes.
D．She played tricks on her.
7．What is the best title for the passage?
A．A Loyal Dog B．Selfless Love C．A Silent Angel D．Great Devotion
C
The Assassin's Creed series has been about building immersive (沉浸式的) and accurate historical worlds.As their newest game releases Assassin's Creed Origins，they have also released their Discovery Tours. These tours give players a chance to walk the streets of ancient Egypt，explore Alexandria and the pyramids，and learn about wildlife and geography. For students，experiencing the ancient world in this interactive way can be more interesting and effective than just reading a textbook or watching a documentary about what they are studying.
Assassin's Creed is not the only game series that can be educational either.What is important about the role of historical games is the level of choice.When watching a film，students are passive receivers of the content.However，when playing a game students have an active role to play in history.A focus on choices and consequences is an important element of teaching and understanding history，so historical games can be a valuable teaching tool even if they aren't completely historically accurate.They have the power to immerse students in faraway worlds and allow them to think critically about the cause and consequence，think about why historical events unfolded in the way they did，and even think about possible alternative outcomes.All of these are critical for historical thinking processes.No longer do students need to rely only on reading textbooks or on instructors for knowledge.
When carrying this out in your class，remember that not all students enjoy playing video games，but they can still be a valuable learning tool.The instructor also needs to be an active facilitator and take note of teachable moments.A video game is not going to teach a class；it requires an awesome instructor to make everything come together.With the power of video games，ancient worlds no longer need to be limited to the pages of a textbook.
8．What does the underlined phrase “this interactive way” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Walking an ancient street.
B．Playing a new game.
C．Reading a textbook.
D．Watching a documentary.
9．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Assassin's Creed?
A．Why it is different from the film.
B．Why it gains popularity.
C．How it benefits teaching.
D．How it came into being.
10．Who plays a core role in game­aided teaching?
A．The teachers B．The players C．The designers D．The audiences
11．What's the key message of this text?
A．A vivid description of ancient architecture.
B．An account of a new history learning method.
C．A detailed explanation of a social problem.
D．An online advertisement of a stylish trend.
D
It's late in the evening: time to close the book and turn off the computer. You're done for the day. What you may not realize, however, is that the learning process actually continues in your dreams.
It might sound like science fiction, but researchers are increasingly focusing on the relationship between the knowledge and skills our brains absorb during the day and the often strange imaginings they generate at night. Scientists have found that dreaming about a task we've learned improves performance in that activity (suggesting that there's some truth to the popular idea that we're “getting” a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it)．What's more, dreaming may be an essential part of understanding, organizing and retaining what we learned.
While we sleep, research indicates, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, allowing us to enter what one psychologist calls a neural (神经的) virtual reality. A vivid example of such replays can be seen in a video researchers made recently about sleep disorders. They taught a series of dance moves to patients suffering from sleepwalking and related conditions. They then videotaped the subjects as they slept. Lying in bed, eyes closed, one female patient on the video performs the dance moves she learned earlier.
This shows that while our bodies are at rest, our brains are drawing what's important from the information and events we've recently encountered, then integrating that material into the vast store of what we already know. In a 2010 study, researchers reported that college students who dreamed about a computer maze (迷宫) task they had learned showed a tenfold improvement in their ability to find their way through the maze compared with participants who did not dream about the task.
Robert Stickgold, one of the Harvard researchers, suggested that studying right before bedtime or taking a nap following a study session in the afternoon might increase the probability of dreaming about the material. Think about that as you go to sleep tonight.
12．What happens when one enters a dream state?
A．The body continues to act as if the sleeper were awake.
B．The neural activity of the brain will become intensified.
C．The brain once again experiences the learning activities of the day.
D．The brain behaves as if it were playing a virtual reality video game.
13．What does the brain do while we are sleeping?
A．It replaces old information with new material.
B．It processes and absorbs newly acquired information.
C．It regroups information and places it in different files.
D．It systematizes all the information collected during the day.
14．How can learning be enhanced according to Robert Stickgold?
A．Staying up late before finally going to bed.
B．Having a period of sleep right after studying.
C．Having a dream about anything you are interested in.
D．Thinking about the chances of dreaming about the material.
15．What is the research discussed in the passage mainly about?
A．How study affects people's dreams.
B．Why people learn more after sleeping.
C．What time students should study and sleep.
D．How dreaming may lead to improved learning outcomes.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Have someone ever told you “If you eat before bedtime，you are more likely to get fat”？ 1 This belief originated when researchers found the relation between individuals snacking late at night and having a BMI that categorizes them as obese (肥胖的) people.
Is eating late at night，especially after 8 p．m.，really going to make you gain weight？One theory is that your metabolism (新陈代谢) slows down when you are asleep. 2 Thus the calories you get right before bedtime will not be burned as much as they will be while you're awake.
Although the science seems pretty sound，recent studies have shown that metabolism changes very little，if at all，while you are asleep. 3 The heart is still beating，lungs are still working，and the brain is still very active.All of these actions take energy，meaning while we are asleep，we are still burning calories.
4 As we know，one physiological effect of insulin (胰岛素) is storing fat.Food being consumed late at night will more likely be stored away due to the higher levels of insulin present in the blood system.However，insulin levels at night are shown to be no different than insulin levels during midday.If it is true that eating with high insulin levels causes you to gain weight，anyone eating anytime after the morning will become fat.
So how come individuals have higher BMIs when they snack at night？It is simply a result of getting too many calories.Snacks that individuals tend to eat during the night are usually high in sugar and calories，such as ice cream，candy，potato chips and soft drinks.Put simply，if you get more calories than you burn，regardless of the time of the day，you will gain weight. 5
A．With a slow metabolism，few calories are being burned.
B．While you are asleep，your body still functions in many ways.
C．All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.
D．The time these snacks are consumed does not matter.
E．Without ever questioning it，people quickly assume this to be true.
F．Besides，insulin levels are dramatically lower in the morning than at night.
G．Another theory is that late night snacking leads to rising insulin levels.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Diego is in front of a group of people. He's blindfolded, but he can still show these people something 1 ， which he calls “the art of 2 ”. First, the audience randomly 3 sixty numbers.After that, a helper reads the 4 to Diego. Then, after hearing them just a single time, Diego 5 the numbers in the correct order from memory. He does this first in the order he hears them, then again—backwards! The audience then cheer in disbelief.
Diego has a very special kind of memory. He 6 ，“It's a kind of memory that is 7 with what I experience. It means that every idea I learn and everything I read becomes a part of me. Normally, someone who doesn't have this special ability and hasn't trained their memory 8 to just forget things. Not me.” Diego says that with his special 9 ， he can remember every 10 of every day of his life since he was less than three years old!
If there is a memory gene (基因), Diego probably has it，but his genes are only part of the 11 . Since the age of 11，he's been training his brain to remember more and more. He practises 12 ， thinking about memory and working on it all the time. He has even 13 a whole series of 250 historical books! Diego's practice and 14 work show that a great memory can be made, and not just 15 ！
1．A．funny B．creative
C．amazing D．reasonable
2．A．life B．memory
C．magic D．language
3．A．choose B．say
C．hide D．record
4．A．rules B．marks
C．numbers D．names
5．A．recognizes B．calculates
C．collects D．repeats
6．A．adds B．explains
C．inquires D．announces
7．A．connected B．introduced
C．familiar D．opposite
8．A．happens B．attempts
C．tends D．hates
9．A．dream B．gift
C．chance D．plan
10．A．word B．feature
C．principle D．detail
11．A．story B．game
C．idea D．plot
12．A．cooperatively B．mechanically
C．occasionally D．continuously
13．A．written B．memorized
C．copied D．translated
14．A．hard B．ordinary
C．academic D．original
15．A．imagined B．discovered
C．born D．trained
翻译练习（选做题）
1. 她是第1个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。

2. 杰克是我们班唯一一个毕业后出国的学生。

3. 简匆忙赶回来，却发现他妈妈已经离开了。

4. 我的哥哥是该奖最年轻的获得者。

5. 正如我在电话里解释的那样，你的请求将在下次会议上讨论。

答案：
阅读 1-3 BCD 4-7 CABC 8-11 BCAB 12-15 CBBD
七选五 1-5 EABGD
完形 1-5 CBACD 6-10 BACBD 11-15 ADBAC