高中英语课时作业11UNIT4Scientistswhochangedtheworld含解析译林版必修第三册 练习

课时分层作业(十一)

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Jill was sitting on the floor surrounded(surround) by boxes.

2．Will you permit your son to come(come) with us tonight?

3．Excuse my ignorance(ignore)，but how does this machine work?

4．The teacher gave me permission(permit) to go home early.

5．Although she is young，she has a strong sense of responsibility (responsible)．

6．The paintings stolen(steal) from the museum haven't been found yet.

7．She didn't want her children taken(take) out by her husband after dark.

8．On Sundays, he likes working in the room with the door locked(lock)．

9．Founded(found) in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

10．Everything taken(take) into consideration，they believed themselves more and returned to their positions.

Ⅱ.完形填空

There I stood with tears in my eyes，I looked at a face which was so   1   that I might mistake it for my own.I stared at her in   2  ．It felt like a dream.I hugged her；she was real.

Adopted at a very young age，I   3   surrounded by people loved as family. However，the faces weren't like mine.They were people that loved me.As I got older，the curiosity to learn more about myself took hold and didn't   4  ．Who was I？Where did I come from?

At the age of 21，I was given the chance to   5   it out thanks to my adoptive parents'   6  ．They accompanied me to the adoption agency.Then the staff explained the process of finding my birth mother.But the process was   7   and I didn't expect there would be many complex procedures.And the agency also had caution to move the procedures to ensure both parties' privacy especially   8   my birth mother didn't choose to meet me.

Months later the agency told me that my birth mother was found and that she   9   to meet me.We were excited.My parents said my birth mother made great sacrifice as she gave me away，which allowed them to support the family.Otherwise，it wouldn't have been possible on their own.I was   10   what my birth mother might be doing and what she might look like.I created a(n)   11   in my head.

After a long process，the moment finally came—we were to   12  ．So，there we were，in a room.I found we had much similarity：we shared a sense of humor；we   13   old  pictures，finding both like the “V” gesture.She apologized for any problems with my frizzy(卷曲的)，crazy hair and   14   herself.We laughed，when admitting both were in a close relationship with flatirons(熨斗)because of frequently handling the wildness of our hair.

She said she had made a(n)  15   decision，when watching me leave with only the hope that another family could provide what she couldn't.She said she hesitated for long but knew she was right.I knew she loved me very much.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了从小被收养的“我”寻找亲人的经历。“我”从小就被收养，收养“我”的家人对“我”很好，但是“我”一直希望找到自己的亲人。21岁时，在养父母和领养机构的帮助下，“我”见到了“我”的亲生母亲。

1．A．familiar　　　 B．ugly

C．old D．unclear

A　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“I might mistake it for my own(我可能会误以为那是我自己的脸)”可推理知，作者看到的是一张熟悉的脸。故选A项。]

2．A．sorrow B．anger

C．disbelief D．panic

C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“It felt like a dream.(感觉就像做梦一样。)”可知，作者此时的心理活动应是不敢相信的。disbelief意为“不相信”，符合语境，故选C项。]

3．A．stood up B．came up

C．warmed up D．grew up

D　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“Adopted at a very young age(从小就被收养)”可推理出，下文要叙述长大过程中被家人的爱包围着。grew up意为“长大”，符合上下文逻辑关系，故选D项。]

4．A．help B．stop

C．increase D．arrive

B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据and前的took hold可知，我被好奇心牢牢抓住，可以推理出and后表示“好奇心从没停止过”。didn't stop意为“没有停止过”，符合语境，故选B项。]

5．A．figure B．pick

C．turn D．sort

A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“They accompanied me to the adoption agency.Then the staff explained the process of finding my birth mother.(他们陪我去领养机构。然后工作人员解释了找到我生母的过程)”可知，作者有了找到亲人的机会。figure out意为“想出；理解；弄清”，符合语境，故选A项。]

6．A．request B．appreciation

C．support D．forgiveness

C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“They accompanied me to the adoption agency(他们陪我去领养机构)”可知，作者的家人支持作者去寻找亲人，“thanks to my adoptive parents' support”意为“多亏我的养父母的支持”，符合语境。故选C项。]

7．A．important B．discouraging

C．different D．abstract

B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“They accompanied me to the adoption agency.Then the staff explained the process of finding my birth mother.(他们陪我去领养机构。然后工作人员解释了找到我生母的过程)”及其后的转折词but可知，此句表达的是这个过程不如作者所愿，discouraging意为“令人沮丧的”，符合此处的语言色彩。故选B项。]

8．A．now that B．in case

C．even though D．only if

B　[考查连词词义辨析。根据空后的“my birth mother didn't choose to meet me(我的生母没有选择与我见面)”可知，此处应使用in case引导的条件状语从句。in case引导条件状语从句时意为“万一；如果”，符合语境。故选B项。]

9．A．continued B．managed

C．agreed D．happened

C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据第五段中的“So，there we were，in a room.(所以，我们在一个房间里见面了)”可知，机构找到了我的生母并且她同意与我见面。故选C项。]

10．A．wondering B．consulting

C．guaranteeing D．anticipating

A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I created a(n)________in my head.(我在脑子里想象着画面)”及上下文可知，作者从小被收养并一直期望能见到亲人，在得知可以见到生母时，我很好奇她是做什么的以及长什么样，所以在脑中勾勒画面。故选A项。]

11．A．schedule B．dream

C．picture D．error

C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“what she might look like(她可能长什么样)”及下文的“in my head”可知，此处表示作者在脑海中想象着画面。picture意为“图画”，符合语境。故选C项。]

12．A．register B．reunite

C．review D．rest

B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“After a long process，the moment finally came(经过一个漫长的等待过程，这一刻终于到来了)”及下文“So，there we were，in a room.(所以，我们在一个房间里见面了)”可知，作者和生母团聚了。reunite意为“团聚”，符合语境。故选B项。]

13．A．shared B．lost

C．bought D．changed

A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“finding both like the ‘V’ gesture(发现我们都喜欢比‘V’手势)”可知，作者和生母在分享老照片。故选A项。]

14．A．taught B．blamed

C．dressed D．treated

B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“She apologized for any problems with my frizzy，crazy hair(她为我蓬乱的发丝以及其他方面的问题道歉)”可知，生母对作者怀有歉意。由此可推断出此处表示生母自责，blame oneself意为“自责”，符合语境。故选B项。]

15．A．necessary B．quick

C．impossible D．difficult

D　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“She said she hesitated for long(她说她犹豫了很久)”可知，作者生母作出弃养我的决定时是十分艰难的。difficult意为“困难的”，符合语境。故选D项。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to three scientists—including one woman—for 1. ________ (advance) the science of lasers(激光) and the creation of extremely useful tools out of laser beams(束)．The 2.________(winner) are Arthur Ashkin，96，a retired American physicist，Gérard Mourou，74，from France，and Donna Strickland，59，in Canada.

Ashkin wins half of the prize for 3.________ development of “optical tweezers”，a type of technology that allows scientists to seize atoms，viruses and bacteria in finger­like laser beams.Mourou and Strickland each 4.________(receive) a quarter of the prize for their work that paved the way for the shortest，most powerful laser beams ever 5.________(create)．

Astonishingly，Strickland is 6.________(simple) the third woman to have ever won the Nobel Prize in Physics.The prize has not been awarded to a woman since 1963 7.________ Maria Goeppert­Mayer won for her work on atomic structure.That was 55 years ago！The only time a woman was awarded the prize before that was in 1903.The woman was Marie Curie who won for her work on radioactivity.

During the Nobel Prize Press Conference Tuesday morning，Strickland 8.________(remind) by a reporter that she was the just third woman to win，and she was amazed because she thought there were ever so many female scientists who were more excellent 9.________ her.She said，“We need to celebrate women physicists because we're out there.I am 10.________(hope) that，in time，it will start to move forward at a faster rate.”

【语篇解读】　本文为新闻报道。三名科学家因其在激光物理学领域的突破性发明获得2018年诺贝尔物理学奖。

1．advancing　[考查非谓语动词。空前的介词for决定空处要填名词或v.­ing，结合空后的名词短语可知，本空只能填v.­ing，故填advancing。]

2．winners　[考查名词复数。本句缺少主语，且此处表示“获胜者”，应用winner；再根据谓语动词为复数形式可知，主语也用复数形式。故填winners。]

3．the/his　[考查冠词或代词。此处development后有介词短语修饰，且结合语境和事实可知此处是特指，故用定冠词the；此处也可以表示因为他(Ashkin)对光镊的研发，故也可用his。]

4．receive　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境及上文中的wins可知，此处也用一般现在时；主语是Mourou and Strickland，表示两个人，虽然主语后面跟的有each，但是不影响谓语动词的形式，故谓语动词仍旧用复数形式。]

5．created　[考查非谓语动词。句子有谓语动词，故空处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，create与其逻辑主语laser beams之间是动宾关系，且动作已经完成，故用过去分词。]

6．simply　[考查词性转换。空处修饰谓语部分，应该用simple的副词形式。]

7．when　[考查定语从句。先行词为表示时间的1963，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，故用when。]

8．was reminded　[考查动词的时态和语态。根据句首的时间状语“During the Nobel Prize Press Conference Tuesday morning”可知，这里应使用一般过去时；又由空后的by a reporter可知，主语与remind“提醒”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。]

9．than　[考查介词。由空前形容词的比较级和空后的比较对象her可知此处应用介词than。]

10．hopeful　[考查词性转换。空处位于am后，应用形容词作表语。hopeful“满怀希望的”。]