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2022-2023学年安徽省黄山市高中毕业班第二次质量检测英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年安徽省黄山市高中毕业班第二次质量检测英语试卷含解析，共28页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
黄山市2023届高中毕业班第一次质量检测
英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1. Which train will the man catch?
A. The 6:00 pm one. B. The 6:40 pm one. C. The 7:15 pm one.
2. Why is the woman tired now?
A. She washed some shoes. B. She did some cooking C. She went for a run.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Mummer and customer. C. Good friends.
4. What does the woman plan to do tomorrow morning?
A. Make a cake. B. Prepare a party. C. Pick up the dry cleaning.
5. What are the speakers probably talking about?
A. A program host. B. A teacher. C. An actress.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。
听第6段材料，回苔第6至7题。
6. Where is Andy now probably?
A. In the restaurant B. In the sports center. C. At the airport
7. Why does the man make the call?
A. To send an invitation to Andy.
B. To ask Andy for some information.
C. To tell Andy the new meeting time.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the woman’s home. B. In the office. C. In the hospital.
9. What does the woman need?
A. Some medicine. B. Some food. C. Some magazines.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which type of room docs the woman want?
A A single room. B. A double room. C. A queen room.
11. How much does the woman need to pay in total?
A. $100. B. $250. C. $500.
12. What is the woman going to do first?
A. Show her passport. B. Visit the booked room. C. Make the payment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How many musicians did the woman interview?
A. Three. B. Six. C. Nine.
14.What did the musicians have in common?
A. They were all young. B. They were all males. C. They all won some prizes.
15. What did the woman worry about before conducting the interviews?
A. The procedure of the interviews.
B. The interview method.
C. The quality of the interviews.
16. What did the woman think of the interviews?
A. Difficult. B. Informal. C. Interesting.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Making a report B. Hosting a program. C. Giving a class.
18. Where can listeners listen to pop music?
A. On Radio 1. B. On Radio2. C. On Radio 3.
19. What are listeners usually required to pay for?
A. The latest movies. B. The famous songs C. The live sports games
20. What is recommended for the latest news?
A. The national radio. B. TV1 and TV2 C. The local newspapers.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分375分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Passionate Volunteer Language Educators for International Global voyage Wanted
The Global English Español Training Programme (GET) is Peace Boar’s English and Spanish school. On our voyages, this programme is run by international teams of passionate volumeter teachers who inspire our students to use language to make connections with people from all over the world.
GET is now accepting applications for English and Spanish language teachers for the 113th Global Voyage. The applications must be submitted before August 1, 2023. All interviews will be conducted online and will take place between August 29, 2023 and September 2, 2023. For more information, download our application pack or send us an email.
Peace Boat and GET are keeping up-to-date with global COVID-19 developments. The safety of our passengers, volunteers, staff, and crew is most important.
Conditions of employment:
This position is for enthusiastic, highly motivated, dynamic individuals with a minimum of 18 months of full-time teaching experience. Applicants should be highly advanced speakers of English or Spanish, although it is not necessary to be a “native” or “first language” speaker. Certification, graduate degrees and or multi-language abilities are highly regarded-though not required. Please note: this is a volunteer position, but voyage expense are covered.
All successful applicants must be able to attend the pre-voyage ruling to be held in Tokyo roughly one week before the official departure date.
For Spanish teachers: Please note that all teacher relatexd GET Programme administrative activities and correspondence are conducted in English. All application material should be presented in English.
1. What is the applications deadline?
A. August 1, 2023. B. August 31, 2023.
C. August 29, 2023. D. September 2, 2023.
2. What is required of the appearance?
A. They must have full-time teaching experience.
B. They must have graduate degrees.
C. They have to pay for their voyage expenses themselves
D. They have to work with native speakers for over 18 months.
3. What should Spanish applicants pay attention to?
A. Learning about sea areas around Japan.
B. Taking a voyage around Japan before the departure date.
C. Keeping in close touch with GET administrative staff.
D. Writing their application material in English.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇诚聘国际环球航行语言教育义工的招募启事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The applications must be submitted before August 1, 2023.(申请必须在2023年8月1日前提交。)”可知，申请截止日期为2023年8月1日。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“This position is for enthusiastic, highly motivated, dynamic individuals with a minimum of 18 months of full-time teaching experience.(该职位适合有热情、上进心强、有活力的人，至少有18个月的全职教学经验。)”可知，必须有全职教学经验。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“All application material should be presented in English.(所有申请材料必须用英文呈现。)”可知，西班牙申请者应该注意用英语撰写申请材料。故选D。
B
A few years ago I went shopping with a friend for a now motorcycle. He didn’t have a particular make or model in mind. His only two critteria? A big engine—since too much horsepower is never enough—and since he’s tall, a relativety relaxed riding position.
I suggested a Hayabusa, which met his criteria. Or an XS-14R. Both were within his budget, especially the Hayabusa since the dealer was offering a $2.500 discount on a previous year’s model.
He rode them both and loved them both.
Then he became very interested in a ZX-6R KRT. Great motorcycle, sure. But a much smaller motor. And a riding position that made him look like a contorted mantis(变形的螳螂). It seemed like an odd choice.
Until it hit me. The purchase of any motorcycle 750cc and under came with a free helmet.
Since my friend also wanted a new helmet, getting one for free was extremely appealing.
After all the math didn’t work. We eventually negotiated $3,200 off the price of the Hayabusa. The free helmet was only worth $250.
A 2017 study published in Marketing Science found that people tend to significantly overvalue “free”. When faced with a choice of selecting one of several available products, people will choose the option with the highest cost-benefit difference, however, decisions about free (zero-price) products differ, in that people do not simply take away costs from benefits but instead consider the benefits associated with free products as
Two months later my fiend traded in his 6R for a 14R. But don’t think badly of him. We’ve all been blinded by the power of “free”.
So whenever something is free, stop and consider the intent, and see “free” as a reason to do even more math.
4. What kind of motorcycle did the author’s friend intend to buy?
A. A good second-hand one.
B. A previous year’s Hayabusa.
C. A highly fashionable XS-14R
D. A powerful and comfortable one.
5. What aspect of the ZX-6R KRT deal attracted the author’s friend most?
A. Its price. B. Its free gift.
C. Its 750cc engine. D. Its classical design.
6 Why does the author mention the 2017 study?
A. To offer his friend a better purchase plan.
B. To stress the importance of negotiating skills.
C. To tell readers how to get more zero-price products.
D. To explain why his friend made such an unwise choice.
7. What would be the best title for the text?
A. It’s time to stop doing the math
B. Getting something for free is so fun
C. “Free” is sometimes the worst deal
D. We all love to buy something on sale.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的朋友想买摩托车，没有买适合自己的车子，反而因为免费的头盔买了让自己看起来像变形的螳螂的车子。所以，当东西是免费的，你要停下来考虑一下意图，因为“免费”有时是最糟糕的交易。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段第三四句“His only two critteria? A big engine—since too much horsepower is never enough—and since he’s tall, a relativety relaxed riding position. (他仅有的两个标准是什么？一个大引擎——因为大马力才够用——因为他很高，所以坐的位置相对轻松。)”可知，作者朋友买摩托车的两个标准是：大马力和舒服。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Until it hit me. The purchase of any motorcycle 750cc and under came with a free helmet. (直到我突然意识到。购买任何750cc及以下的摩托车都可免费赠送头盔。)”以及第六段“Since my friend also wanted a new helmet, getting one for free was extremely appealing. (因为我的朋友也想要一个新头盔，所以免费得到一个头盔非常有吸引力。)”可知，最吸引作者的朋友是ZX-6R KRT的免费的头盔。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Since my friend also wanted a new helmet, getting one for free was extremely appealing. (因为我的朋友也想要一个新头盔，所以免费得到一个头盔非常有吸引力。)”以及倒数第三段首句“A 2017 study published in Marketing Science found that people tend to significantly overvalue “free”. (2017年发表在《营销科学》上的一项研究发现，人们往往会严重高估“免费”的价值。)”可知，作者提及2017年的研究是为了解释为什么他的朋友做出了如此不明智的选择，因为免费的头盔买了不适合自己的车子。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“We’ve all been blinded by the power of “free”.（我们都被“免费”的力量蒙蔽了双眼）”根据末段“So whenever something is free, stop and consider the intent, and see “free” as a reason to do even more math. (因此，无论什么时候，只要有东西是免费的，就停下来考虑一下意图，并将“免费”视为做更多数学运算的理由。)”以及全文朋友买摩托车的故事可知，当东西是免费的，你要停下来考虑一下意图，因为“免费”有时是最糟糕的交易。故选C。
C
A team of researchers from the University of Groningen, the University of Tuscia, Roflight, Lemselobrink and the Royal Netherlands Air Force has designed, built and tested a robot named RobotFalcon fashioned to look and fly like a peregrine falcon(游隼)as a means of driving off flocks(群)of birds around airports.
Birds, whether alone or in flocks, are a menace to flying planes. When a plane strikes a bird, damage will be caused-occasionally with disastrous results. The plane that famously landed on the Hudson River in 2009, for example, was damaged by birds entering the plane’s engines accidentally, causing their failure.
Scientists have been working on ways to prevent birds from entering flight spaces but thus far have met with only partial success. Currently drones(无人机)are used to scare birds away, as are trained falcons arid systems that make sounds of birds in great pain.
In this how effort, the researchers took a new approach - they designed a remote-controlled flying robot just like a peregrine falcon that catches and kills other birds, which therefore try to avoid it.
The result is the RobotFalcon, which is painted to look like a real peregrine falcon and is powered by an internal engine. To capably copy the flying patterns of a falcon, the researchers studied the flying characteristics of real birds and then added features to their robot bird that would allow it to fly in similar ways.
During field tests, the robot bird scared away entire flocks of birds within five minutes of arrival: on half of these flights, it was able to clear the field within 70 seconds. The team conducted multiple tests with the same flock of birds over three months and found no habituation - they were afraid of it no matter how often they saw it.
8. What does the underlined word “menace” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Wonder. B. Threat. C. Limit. D. Target.
9. Which of the following has been used to scare birds away?
A. Selected wild falcons.
B. Drones in the shape of birds.
C. Systems producing birds’ bitter cries.
D. Specially designed plane engines.
10. What contributes to the-researchers selecting a peregrine falcon for their design?
A. It is scary
B. It can be easily caught.
C. It is typical in Roflight.
D. It has unique flying patterns.
11. Why was the robot tested repeatedly with the same flock of birds?
A. To predict its service life.
B. To improve its efficiency.
C. To work out a service schedule.
D. To measure its long-term effectiveness.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。鸟类对于飞行的飞机来说是一种威胁，为了阻止鸟类出现在机场，研究人员用像游隼一样的无人机吓跑鸟类，效果显著。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第一二句“Birds, whether alone or in flocks, are a menace to flying planes. When a plane strikes a bird, damage will be caused-occasionally with disastrous results. (鸟类，无论是单独的还是成群的，对飞行的飞机都是一种 。当飞机撞上一只鸟时，会造成损害，有时还会造成灾难性的后果。)”可知，当飞机撞上一只鸟时，会造成损害。所以鸟类对于飞行的飞机来说是一种威胁，menace意为“威胁”。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Currently drones(无人机)are used to scare birds away, as are trained falcons arid systems that make sounds of birds in great pain. (目前无人机被用来吓跑鸟类，正如制造出使鸟类产生巨大的痛苦声音的训练有素的游隼和系统。)”可知，产生鸟类痛苦叫声的系统被用来吓跑鸟类。故选C。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In this how effort, the researchers took a new approach - they designed a remote-controlled flying robot just like a peregrine falcon that catches and kills other birds, which therefore try to avoid it. (在这项研究中，研究人员采用了一种新的方法——他们设计了一种遥控飞行机器人，就像游隼一样，可以捕捉并杀死其他鸟类，因此这些鸟类都试图避开它。)”可知，游隼可以捕捉并杀死其他鸟类，因此这些鸟类都害怕。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据末段末句“The team conducted multiple tests with the same flock of birds over three months and found no habituation - they were afraid of it no matter how often they saw it. (研究小组在三个多月的时间里对同一群鸟进行了多次测试，没有发现他们习以为常——无论它们多久看到一次，它们都害怕。)”可知，机器人被反复测试是为了来衡量它的长期效果，检测看看这些鸟是不是会习以为常。故选D。
D
As the year 2023 is the Year of the Rabbit in China, many brand have rolled out an array of rabbit-themed goods. Wang Chuchun, an 18-year-old freshman from Xiamen University in Fujian, bought a pair of shoes from the rabbit collection made by Holli, a domestic brand, during the Spring Festival holiday.
“I would like to see Chinese culture be more incorporated into consumer goods that carry a variety of beautiful connotations(内涵).” Wang told journalist.
Guochao, the combination of Chinese traditions with modern designs, has become a keyword for this year’s Spring Festival product consumption, according to statistics from Vipshop(also known as weipinhui in Chinese), an online retailer(零售商). The sales volume of 361 Degrees, a sports equipment company, saw a rise of 188 percent on a year-on-year basis during the Spring Festival with their rabbit collection.
Who is behind the surge of sales for guochao products? According to a report released by data service provider Aurora, the proportion of young people interested in the guochao products accounted for more than 70 percent of consumers.
Thus the target market of the guochao products is China’s 400 million-strong army of young consumers, Tom Harper, a lecturer in international relations at the University of East London, said to The Conversation.
Like their peers in Western countries, China’s Gen Z consumers are enthusiastic users of social media; but that is where the similarities end.
This generation has grown up during China’s rapid economic development in the 2000s and 2010s, which is a marked contrast to their peers in the West, who came of age, in the shadow of the2008 financial crisis. As a result, they have been characterized as being more confident and better educated than previous generations.
“Complex and profound social and cultural factor have contributed to the rise of guochao. But it all comes down to decades of stable development in China. As our country enters an era of prosperity(繁荣), our cultural confidence gets boosted as well,” said Wang.
12. Why is Wang Chuchun’s experience mentioned at the beginning of the text?
A. To illustrate what young people like to buy.
B. To lead up to the topic of the guochao trend.
C. To show the popularity of rabbit-themed goods.
D. To stress the rising influence of domestic brands.
13. What aspect of guochao products does paragraph 3 focus on?
A. Their targets. B. Their features.
C. Their popularity. D. Their market potential
14. What can be inferred about China’s Gen Z consumers?
A. Their shopping habits are mainly driven by social media.
B. They have benefited from rapid growth in economy
C. They’re more confident than their Western peers.
D. They’ve been deeply affected by the financial crisis.
15. What is the fundamental reason for the rise of guochao according to Wang?
A. China’s stable development.
B. China’s social and cultural factors.
C. The popularity of social media.
D. Young people’s rising cultural confidence.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着2023兔年的到来，中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词，中国Z代人强大的消费能力受益于中国经济的稳步发展。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““I would like to see Chinese culture be more incorporated into consumer goods that carry a variety of beautiful connotations(内涵). Wang told journalist. (“我希望中国文化更多地融入到具有各种美好内涵的消费品中。”王告诉记者。)”以及第三段首句“Guochao, the combination of Chinese traditions with modern designs, has become a keyword for this year’s Spring Festival product consumption, according to statistics from Vipshop(also known as weipinhui in Chinese), an online retailer(零售商). (据在线零售商唯品会统计，将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词。)”可知，文章开头提到了王楚春的经历是为了引出国潮趋势的话题。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Guochao, the combination of Chinese traditions with modern designs, has become a keyword for this year’s Spring Festival product consumption, according to statistics from Vipshop(also known as weipinhui in Chinese), an online retailer(零售商). The sales volume of 361 Degrees, a sports equipment company, saw a rise of 188 percent on a year-on-year basis during the Spring Festival with their rabbit collection. (据在线零售商唯品会统计，将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词。运动器材公司361°的兔子系列在春节期间的销售额同比增长了188%。)”可知，将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”成为关键词以及361°的兔子系列销售额同比增长了188%都说明了国潮商品极高的受欢迎度。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段第一句“This generation has grown up during China’s rapid economic development in the 2000s and 2010s, which is a marked contrast to their peers in the West, who came of age, in the shadow of the2008 financial crisis. (这一代人成长于本世纪头10年和2010年中国经济快速发展的时期，这与西方同龄人形成了鲜明对比，后者在2008年金融危机的阴影下长大成人。)”可知，中国的Z世代消费者受益于经济的快速增长。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据末段末句““But it all comes down to decades of stable development in China. As our country enters an era of prosperity(繁荣), our cultural confidence gets boosted as well,” said Wang. (“但这一切都归结于中国几十年的稳定发展。随着我国进入繁荣时代，我们的文化自信也得到了增强。”王说。)”可知，王认为，国朝兴起的根本原因是中国经济的稳步发展。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is easy to get carried away in an argument. While having a rational (理性的) conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible.____16____
The Empathy (同理心) Challenge in an exercise created by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively.____17____“As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying (潜在的) values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That’s it.”
____18____. As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. Through asking questions, Chance was able to empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings. One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish.____19____.The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity (真实性) was important in political leaders.
Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. ____20____
A. One way is to approach the other person with empathy.
B. Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try.
C. The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱的)about freedom.
D. And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings.
E. A research suggested that carrying conversation can boost people’s empathy for others.
F. In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you.
G. Another man tried to explore reasonable persuasion without carrying away her underlying alues.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。钱斯教授为了让学生学习如何更有效地沟通，自己先进行练习挑战，找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但依然能够理解他人的人生价值观，从而证明了练习有效沟通的意义。
【16题详解】
前文“While having a rational(理性的)conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible. (在争论中很容易失去理智。虽然与持不同意见的人进行理性对话似乎是一种挑战，但这是可能的。)”说明与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。结合选项。A项“One way is to approach the other person with empathy. (一种方法是带着同理心接近对方。)”符合语意逻辑，介绍与持不同意见的人进行理性对话是可能的的方法。故选A。
【17题详解】
前文“At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively. (在耶鲁大学，钱斯教授一门名为“掌握影响力和说服”的课程，让学生学习如何更有效地沟通。)”介绍钱斯教授让学生学习如何更有效地沟通的课程。结合选项，F项“In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you. (在她的博客中，钱斯解释说，倾听不同意你的人是很重要的。)”承接上文，都是在介绍如何更有效地沟通的方法。而且人物一致。故选F。
【18题详解】
下文“As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. (由于她不明白为什么很多人选择投票给唐纳德·特朗普，她找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。)”说明钱斯教授自己实验通过同理心进行更有效地沟通。结合选项，B项“Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try. (在让学生们尝试之前，钱斯自己先接受了这个挑战。)”承接下文，钱斯教授接受挑战，自己先去尝试与不同观点的人进行沟通。故选B。
【19题详解】
前文“One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish. (一名正统犹太人解释说，他支持川普是因为川普的女儿和女婿是犹太人。)”以及后文“The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity(真实性)was important in political leaders. (第三位是一位律师，他认为真实对政治领导人很重要。)”分别介绍第一位和第三位支持特朗普的人，可推知，空处应为第二位支持特朗普的人。结合选项，C项“The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱的)about freedom. (下一位是俄罗斯移民，对自由充满热情。)”承上启下，符合语意。故选C。
【20题详解】
前文“Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. (虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但他们能够理解他人的人生价值观。)”说明人们通过同理心可以进行有效的沟通。意在总结钱斯这样做的意义和作用。结合选项，D项“And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings. (这就是练习的意义——把他人理解为人类同胞。)”同样是在说明有效的沟通练习的意义。故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I can’t miss the little old lady standing at a bus stop. With her kerchief(方头巾)on her head, a black umbrella ____21____all over, I can tell she is freezing. I’m driving by, late for my early morning shift(轮班). I decide to stop and offer her a____22____.
____23____ , she declines, but when I ask again and____24____, finally, she gets in the car. I take her to her____25____, and by the time she gets out of my car, she is smiling and thanks me.
I was____26____for work that day, but I was so glad that I stopped. That was 40 years ago, and the beginning of a new____27____, one that continues when I’m out driving in bad weather.
If there’s someone at a bus stop, especially if it’s an elderly person waiting at____28____hours and in bad weather, I will____29____and ask if they need a ride. Once a woman jumped in without hesitation, which made me feel good.
The best part of my ride offers is the____30____. I do tend to ask a lot of questions: where are you from, where are you going, family, background, pets and whatever else comes to mind.____31____, everyone wants to chat. We are usually laughing by the time the ride is over. “What a shame!” I often think when they hop out, as the stories were just getting ____32____.
As the years____33____, perhaps I will be the one standing at the bus stop. Perhaps there will be somebody who ____34____down a window and offers me a seat for a little ride. I will continue to take that leap of____35____in the kindness of strangers.
21. A. holding B. blowing C. taking D. sharing
22. A. ride B. drive C. cash D. luck
23. A. In addition B. Or rather C. of course D. After all
24. A. conserve B. insist C. recommend D. instruct
25. A. departure B. terminal C. institute D. destination
26. A. late B. loyal C. cute D. punctual
27. A. habit B. period C. action D. shift
28. A. for B. over C. off D. by
29. A. drive out B. come across C. switch up D. pull over
30. A. feedback B. conversation C. understanding D. inquiry
31. A. Surprisingly B. Constantly C. Actually D. Basically
32. A. improved B. started C. created D. constructed
33. A. prove B. end C. put D. pass
34. A. bends B. falls C. rolls D. pours
35. A. conscience B. mercy C. faith D. integrity
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。我在恶劣的天气里开车时，会让在寒风冷雨中等车的人们搭便车。我坚持这个习惯40年，最喜欢的部分是与他们之间的谈话。随着岁月流逝，也许站在公交车站的人会是我，当有人摇下车窗时，我会继续相信陌生人的善良。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她头上戴着头巾，一把黑色的雨伞被风吹得乱转，我能感觉到她很冷。A. holding举办；B. blowing吹，刮；C. taking带着；D. sharing分享。根据下文“I can tell she is freezing.”可知，天很冷，风很大，雨伞被风吹得乱转。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定停下来让她搭我的车。A. ride搭乘；B. drive驱车出行；C. cash现金；D. luck运气。根据前文“I can’t miss the little old lady standing at a bus stop”可知，我不能错过站在公共汽车站的那个小老太太。所以我停下让她搭我的车。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：当然，她拒绝了，但当我再次要求并坚持时，她终于上了车。A. In addition除此之外；B. Or rather更确切地说；C. of course当然；D. After all毕竟。根据常识可知，小老太太应是不好意思麻烦别人，自然而然会拒绝。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，她拒绝了，但当我再次要求并坚持时，她终于上了车。A. conserve保存；B. insist坚持；C. recommend推荐；D. instruct教授。根据本句“she declines, but when I ask again”可知，在我的坚持下，她才上了车。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把她送到目的地，当她从我的车里出来时，她微笑着感谢我。A. departure离开；B. terminal终点站；C. institute协会；D. destination目的地。根据本句“she gets out of my car”可知，下车了，是因为到目的地了。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天我上班迟到了，但我很高兴我停下来了。A. late迟到的；B. loyal忠诚的；C. cute可爱的；D. punctual守时的。根据前文“I’m driving by, late for my early morning shift(轮班).”可知，我本来就要迟到了。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是40年前的事了，也是一个新习惯的开始——一个当我在恶劣的天气里开车时会继续的习惯。A. habit习惯；B. period时期；C. action行为；D. shift转变。根据本句“That was 40 years ago”和“one that continues when I’m out driving in bad weather”可知，这是40年前的事，且一直在继续，故应为习惯。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果有人在公共汽车站等车，尤其是一位老人在公交下班时间和天气不好的时候等车，我会把车停在路边，问他们是否需要搭车。A. for为了；B. over关于；C. off下班，休息；D. by凭借。根据根据“especially”表示递进关系可知，应是下班时间。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果有人在公共汽车站等车，尤其是一位老人在下班时间和天气不好的时候等车，我会把车停在路边，问他们是否需要搭车。A. drive out驱赶；B. come across偶遇；C. switch up转换；D. pull over靠边停车。根据本句“ask if they need a ride”可知，我靠边停车，开始询问。故选D。
30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的旅程最精彩的部分就是谈话。A. feedback反馈；B. conversation交谈；C. understanding理解；D. inquiry询问。根据下文“everyone wants to chat”可知，他们交谈聊天。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，每个人都想聊天。A. Surprisingly令人惊讶的是；B. Constantly持续不断地；C. Actually实际上；D. Basically基本上。根据前文“I do tend to ask a lot of questions: where are you from, where are you going, family, background, pets and whatever else comes to mind.”以及常识可知，我问的是关于个人隐私的事情，但是很令人惊讶，每个人都想聊天。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常想，当他们跳出来的时候，故事才刚刚开始。A. improved改善；B. started开始；C. created创造；D. constructed建造。根据前文“We are usually laughing by the time the ride is over.”可知，我和他们聊天正开心时，却到了目的地。所以故事刚刚开始，他们却走了。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着岁月流逝，也许站在公交车站的人会是我。A. prove证明；B. end结束；C. put放置；D. pass(时间)流逝。根据主语“the years”可知，应为时间流逝。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许会有人摇下车窗，让我坐一会儿。A. bends弯曲；B. falls掉落；C. rolls滚动；D. pours倾倒。根据本句“down a window and offers me a seat for a little ride”可知，让我搭便车之前，要摇下车窗询问。roll down为固定搭配，“摇下”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会继续相信陌生人的善良。A. conscience良知；B. mercy仁慈；C. faith信任；D. integrity正直。根据前文“That was 40 years ago, and the beginning of a new , one that continues when I’m out driving in bad weather.”可知，我一直让陌生人搭乘，相信陌生人，现在会继续相信陌生人的善良。故选C。
第二节(共10个题;每小1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s No. 1 Central Document, which is the first policy statement released by the country’s central authorities each year,____36____(put) an emphasis on agricultural and rural development for 2023. This is also the 20th No. 1 Central Document of this century to focus on agricultural and rural____37____(affair).
Dedicating____38____(he)to agricultural development, based on his scientific research, Zhou Lei, 40, aspires(渴望) to make sure that Chinese people not only get enough to eat, but also eat well,____39____(reflect) one of the most important tasks in the No 1 Central Document—strengthening agriculture____40____science and technology.
Zhou is working with a group of highly educated and skilled young people, most of____41____hold doctorate degrees. According to Zhou, it usually takes people more than 10 years of____42____(academy) training to become qualified for the research job. Zhou has been/offered opportunities to go abroad and exchange experiences____43____peers overseas. Upon returning to China, Zhou determined to apply____44____he had learned to solving the problems faced by the nation’s agricultural industry. He and his team now work more than 300 days a year. They____45____(address) the hardest problem in rice-breeding technology — the cloning of cold-tolerant genes in rice — for the first time ever. Such breakthroughs effectively tackle the risks of grain reduction.
【答案】36. puts
37. affairs
38. himself
39. reflecting
40. through##via
41. whom 42. academic
43. with 44. what
45. have addressed
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。为响应农业农村事务的中央一号文件，促进农业和农村发展，40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，科技强农。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：中国的一号中央文件是中国中央政府每年发布的第一份政策声明，强调2023年的农业和农村发展。分析句子成分可知，空处应为主句的谓语动词。且照应从句的时态，也应为一般现在时。故填puts。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：这也是本世纪第20个聚焦农业农村事务的中央一号文件。空前为并列形容词“agricultural”和“rural”，故空处应为名词affair，词义为“公共事务”时常用复数。故填affairs。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，以科研为基础，立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱，而且吃得好，这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。固定搭配dedicate oneself to...，“致力于……”。故填himself。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，以科研为基础，立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱，而且吃得好，这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词，且与前文“based on his scientific research, Zhou Lei, 40, aspires(渴望)to make sure that Chinese people not only get enough to eat, but also eat well”为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填reflecting。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，以科研为基础，立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱，而且吃得好，这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。分析句子成分可知，空处应为词义为“凭借，靠着”的介词。故填through/via。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：与周一起工作的是一群受过高等教育、有技能的年轻人，其中大多数人拥有博士学位。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的连接词。指代线性词“people”在定从中充当介词“of”的宾语。故填whom。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据周教授介绍，人们通常需要经过10年以上的学术培训才能胜任研究工作。空处应为形容词修饰名词“training”。故填academic。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：周获得了出国与海外同行交流经验的机会。分析句子成分可知，空处应为词义为“和……一起”的介词。故填with。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：一回到中国，周决心将他所学到知识应用于解决国家农业面临的问题。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导宾语从句的关系词，且在宾语从句中充当“had learned”的宾语，故应为关系代词what。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们有史以来第一次解决了水稻育种技术中最困难的问题——克隆水稻的耐寒基因。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词，且照应句意“有史以来第一次”，故应为现在完成时，且主语为“They”，故应为have done。故填have addressed。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一书(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，正作为交换生在美国加州的一所学校学习，学生会主席Kevin邀请你在校文化节上展示中国优秀传统文化，形式、内容自选，请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.感谢邀请;
2.介绍将展示的具体内容;
3.表达期待.
注意：1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。
Dear Kevin,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Kevin,
I’m more than delighted to receive your email, in which you invited me to the school cultural festival. It will be a great pleasure for me to join such a wonderful event.
I would love to show how to make a Chinese lantern, which represents reunion in China, and can be hung in the house as a decoration. Moreover, I will prepare all the materials in advance, including the paper of different colors and the bamboo. Whoever is interested in the craft can join me in making one by themselves, and take it home.
It’s my sincere hope that the cultural festival will be a great success. I’m looking forward to joining you and enjoying fantastic performances together.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。Kevin邀请你在校文化节上展示中国优秀传统文化，在美国加州作为交换生的你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：感谢邀请；介绍将展示的具体内容；表达期待。
【详解】1. 词语积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
参加：join→be involved in
想要做：would love to do→feel like doing
提前：in advance→head of schedule
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Moreover, I will prepare all the materials in advance, including the paper of different colors and the bamboo.
拓展句：Moreover, I will prepare all the materials in advance, which include the paper of different colors and the bamboo.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I would love to show how to make a Chinese lantern, which represents reunion in China, and can be hung in the house as a decoration. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Whoever is interested in the craft can join me in making one by themselves, and take it home. (运用了whoever引导的主语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I put one last box into the back seat and closed the car door. It felt as if I were closing the door on my whole life. At first, I was excited when Mom told me she’d gotten a fantastic new job at an animal hospital. Then, because she always saves the bad news for last, she told me the really terrible part. The hospital wasn’t in our city; it was miles away in the middle of nowhere. And I’m definitely not a country girl.
I stood beside the car, taking a last look at our building. To most people, it probably just looked like any other old apartment house, but I loved every brick. Just then, I saw my best friends, Hana and Leo, come to see me off. While Hana played a cool riff(重复乐段)on her trumpet(小号), Leo sang, “We will miss you, Celia.” I hugged them tightly and jumped into the car fast so no one could see me tear up. As Mom drove away, I waved goodbye to my friends, my neighborhood, and my life.
We rode a while in silence, and I held my violin case for comfort. Leo, Hana, and I had been writing songs for our band, but that was all over now. “Don’t think of this as an ending,” Mom said, with her knack(技能)for reading my mind. “It’s an exciting beginning. It’s normal to be a bit anxious about unfamiliar things, but you don’t need to be afraid of them.” I kept silent and looked out the window as crowded, exciting city streets turned first into tasteless suburban shopping strips(商业街)and then into endless, boring trees and fields of corn. We finally arrived at our new home, a two-floored wooden farmhouse. Mom said I could go explore. Mom never let me go out alone in the city, so maybe a bit more freedom would be one consolation(慰藉)of living here.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Feeling that country life might turn out okay, I wondered off, taking my violin with me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I couldn’t resist, so I took out my violin and began to play along.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Feeling that country life might turn out okay. I wandered off, taking my violin with me. Suddenly l heard something I wasn’t expecting-a beautiful, jazzy tune. I pushed through some corn only to come face-to-face with a cow. Then another hot jazz riff floated through the air. I turned around and saw a tall kid playing an old saxophone in a field of corn. His music was fantastic, and he didn’t dress the way I figured a country kid would. This guy was wearing clothes that made him look cool, like a famous performer.
I couldn’t resist, so I took out my violin and began to play along. The boy looked surprised, but he didn’t miss a beat. We played together, and by the end, a cow was tapping her tail to the rhythm. When we finished, we introduced ourselves to each other and became friends. We also decided to write songs together. I looked at my new friend, the cheerful cow and tall corn. I could feel my thoughts about country life already changing, and I had a feeling it would change a lot more.
【解析】
【导语】本文以妈妈带我去乡下为线索展开。讲述了妈妈在偏远的郊外找到了一份工作，喜欢音乐的我不得不和我的好朋友分别，和妈妈一起去乡下。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“我觉得乡村生活可能还不错，就带着我的小提琴走了出去。”可知，本段可以写走了出去之后，我先是听到了优美的乐曲，寻声而去，发现了演奏者以及他的牛。
②由第二段首句内容“我无法抗拒，于是我拿出我的小提琴，开始拉起来。”可知，本段可以写我和男孩一起演奏，我们成为朋友，一起创作，我也转变了对农村生活的态度。
2. 续写线索：着我的小提琴走了出去——听到了优美的乐曲——发现了演奏者以及他的牛——我加入演奏——我们成为朋友——我转变了对农村生活的态度
3. 词类激活
行为类
①认为：figure/think/consider
②结束：finish/complete
③决定：decide/make a decision
情绪类
①极好的：fantastic/fabulous/remarkable
②惊讶的：surprised/amazed/astonished
③令人开心的：cheerful/pleasant/enjoyable
【点睛】【高分句型1】 This guy was wearing clothes that made him look cool, like a famous performer. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型1】When we finished, we introduced ourselves to each other and became friends. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
听力答案:1-5 BCACA 6-10 BCACB 11-15 CCBAC 16-20 BABAB
黄山市2023届高中毕业班第一次质量检测
英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1. Which train will the man catch?
A. The 6:00 pm one. B. The 6:40 pm one. C. The 7:15 pm one.
2. Why is the woman tired now?
A. She washed some shoes. B. She did some cooking C. She went for a run.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Mummer and customer. C. Good friends.
4. What does the woman plan to do tomorrow morning?
A. Make a cake. B. Prepare a party. C. Pick up the dry cleaning.
5. What are the speakers probably talking about?
A. A program host. B. A teacher. C. An actress.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。
听第6段材料，回苔第6至7题。
6. Where is Andy now probably?
A. In the restaurant B. In the sports center. C. At the airport
7. Why does the man make the call?
A. To send an invitation to Andy.
B. To ask Andy for some information.
C. To tell Andy the new meeting time.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the woman’s home. B. In the office. C. In the hospital.
9. What does the woman need?
A. Some medicine. B. Some food. C. Some magazines.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Which type of room docs the woman want?
A A single room. B. A double room. C. A queen room.
11. How much does the woman need to pay in total?
A. $100. B. $250. C. $500.
12. What is the woman going to do first?
A. Show her passport. B. Visit the booked room. C. Make the payment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How many musicians did the woman interview?
A. Three. B. Six. C. Nine.
14.What did the musicians have in common?
A. They were all young. B. They were all males. C. They all won some prizes.
15. What did the woman worry about before conducting the interviews?
A. The procedure of the interviews.
B. The interview method.
C. The quality of the interviews.
16. What did the woman think of the interviews?
A. Difficult. B. Informal. C. Interesting.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Making a report B. Hosting a program. C. Giving a class.
18. Where can listeners listen to pop music?
A. On Radio 1. B. On Radio2. C. On Radio 3.
19. What are listeners usually required to pay for?
A. The latest movies. B. The famous songs C. The live sports games
20. What is recommended for the latest news?
A. The national radio. B. TV1 and TV2 C. The local newspapers.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分375分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Passionate Volunteer Language Educators for International Global voyage Wanted
The Global English Español Training Programme (GET) is Peace Boar’s English and Spanish school. On our voyages, this programme is run by international teams of passionate volumeter teachers who inspire our students to use language to make connections with people from all over the world.
GET is now accepting applications for English and Spanish language teachers for the 113th Global Voyage. The applications must be submitted before August 1, 2023. All interviews will be conducted online and will take place between August 29, 2023 and September 2, 2023. For more information, download our application pack or send us an email.
Peace Boat and GET are keeping up-to-date with global COVID-19 developments. The safety of our passengers, volunteers, staff, and crew is most important.
Conditions of employment:
This position is for enthusiastic, highly motivated, dynamic individuals with a minimum of 18 months of full-time teaching experience. Applicants should be highly advanced speakers of English or Spanish, although it is not necessary to be a “native” or “first language” speaker. Certification, graduate degrees and or multi-language abilities are highly regarded-though not required. Please note: this is a volunteer position, but voyage expense are covered.
All successful applicants must be able to attend the pre-voyage ruling to be held in Tokyo roughly one week before the official departure date.
For Spanish teachers: Please note that all teacher relatexd GET Programme administrative activities and correspondence are conducted in English. All application material should be presented in English.
1. What is the applications deadline?
A. August 1, 2023. B. August 31, 2023.
C. August 29, 2023. D. September 2, 2023.
2. What is required of the appearance?
A. They must have full-time teaching experience.
B. They must have graduate degrees.
C. They have to pay for their voyage expenses themselves
D. They have to work with native speakers for over 18 months.
3. What should Spanish applicants pay attention to?
A. Learning about sea areas around Japan.
B. Taking a voyage around Japan before the departure date.
C. Keeping in close touch with GET administrative staff.
D. Writing their application material in English.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇诚聘国际环球航行语言教育义工的招募启事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The applications must be submitted before August 1, 2023.(申请必须在2023年8月1日前提交。)”可知，申请截止日期为2023年8月1日。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“This position is for enthusiastic, highly motivated, dynamic individuals with a minimum of 18 months of full-time teaching experience.(该职位适合有热情、上进心强、有活力的人，至少有18个月的全职教学经验。)”可知，必须有全职教学经验。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“All application material should be presented in English.(所有申请材料必须用英文呈现。)”可知，西班牙申请者应该注意用英语撰写申请材料。故选D。
B
A few years ago I went shopping with a friend for a now motorcycle. He didn’t have a particular make or model in mind. His only two critteria? A big engine—since too much horsepower is never enough—and since he’s tall, a relativety relaxed riding position.
I suggested a Hayabusa, which met his criteria. Or an XS-14R. Both were within his budget, especially the Hayabusa since the dealer was offering a $2.500 discount on a previous year’s model.
He rode them both and loved them both.
Then he became very interested in a ZX-6R KRT. Great motorcycle, sure. But a much smaller motor. And a riding position that made him look like a contorted mantis(变形的螳螂). It seemed like an odd choice.
Until it hit me. The purchase of any motorcycle 750cc and under came with a free helmet.
Since my friend also wanted a new helmet, getting one for free was extremely appealing.
After all the math didn’t work. We eventually negotiated $3,200 off the price of the Hayabusa. The free helmet was only worth $250.
A 2017 study published in Marketing Science found that people tend to significantly overvalue “free”. When faced with a choice of selecting one of several available products, people will choose the option with the highest cost-benefit difference, however, decisions about free (zero-price) products differ, in that people do not simply take away costs from benefits but instead consider the benefits associated with free products as
Two months later my fiend traded in his 6R for a 14R. But don’t think badly of him. We’ve all been blinded by the power of “free”.
So whenever something is free, stop and consider the intent, and see “free” as a reason to do even more math.
4. What kind of motorcycle did the author’s friend intend to buy?
A. A good second-hand one.
B. A previous year’s Hayabusa.
C. A highly fashionable XS-14R
D. A powerful and comfortable one.
5. What aspect of the ZX-6R KRT deal attracted the author’s friend most?
A. Its price. B. Its free gift.
C. Its 750cc engine. D. Its classical design.
6 Why does the author mention the 2017 study?
A. To offer his friend a better purchase plan.
B. To stress the importance of negotiating skills.
C. To tell readers how to get more zero-price products.
D. To explain why his friend made such an unwise choice.
7. What would be the best title for the text?
A. It’s time to stop doing the math
B. Getting something for free is so fun
C. “Free” is sometimes the worst deal
D. We all love to buy something on sale.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的朋友想买摩托车，没有买适合自己的车子，反而因为免费的头盔买了让自己看起来像变形的螳螂的车子。所以，当东西是免费的，你要停下来考虑一下意图，因为“免费”有时是最糟糕的交易。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段第三四句“His only two critteria? A big engine—since too much horsepower is never enough—and since he’s tall, a relativety relaxed riding position. (他仅有的两个标准是什么？一个大引擎——因为大马力才够用——因为他很高，所以坐的位置相对轻松。)”可知，作者朋友买摩托车的两个标准是：大马力和舒服。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Until it hit me. The purchase of any motorcycle 750cc and under came with a free helmet. (直到我突然意识到。购买任何750cc及以下的摩托车都可免费赠送头盔。)”以及第六段“Since my friend also wanted a new helmet, getting one for free was extremely appealing. (因为我的朋友也想要一个新头盔，所以免费得到一个头盔非常有吸引力。)”可知，最吸引作者的朋友是ZX-6R KRT的免费的头盔。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Since my friend also wanted a new helmet, getting one for free was extremely appealing. (因为我的朋友也想要一个新头盔，所以免费得到一个头盔非常有吸引力。)”以及倒数第三段首句“A 2017 study published in Marketing Science found that people tend to significantly overvalue “free”. (2017年发表在《营销科学》上的一项研究发现，人们往往会严重高估“免费”的价值。)”可知，作者提及2017年的研究是为了解释为什么他的朋友做出了如此不明智的选择，因为免费的头盔买了不适合自己的车子。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“We’ve all been blinded by the power of “free”.（我们都被“免费”的力量蒙蔽了双眼）”根据末段“So whenever something is free, stop and consider the intent, and see “free” as a reason to do even more math. (因此，无论什么时候，只要有东西是免费的，就停下来考虑一下意图，并将“免费”视为做更多数学运算的理由。)”以及全文朋友买摩托车的故事可知，当东西是免费的，你要停下来考虑一下意图，因为“免费”有时是最糟糕的交易。故选C。
C
A team of researchers from the University of Groningen, the University of Tuscia, Roflight, Lemselobrink and the Royal Netherlands Air Force has designed, built and tested a robot named RobotFalcon fashioned to look and fly like a peregrine falcon(游隼)as a means of driving off flocks(群)of birds around airports.
Birds, whether alone or in flocks, are a menace to flying planes. When a plane strikes a bird, damage will be caused-occasionally with disastrous results. The plane that famously landed on the Hudson River in 2009, for example, was damaged by birds entering the plane’s engines accidentally, causing their failure.
Scientists have been working on ways to prevent birds from entering flight spaces but thus far have met with only partial success. Currently drones(无人机)are used to scare birds away, as are trained falcons arid systems that make sounds of birds in great pain.
In this how effort, the researchers took a new approach - they designed a remote-controlled flying robot just like a peregrine falcon that catches and kills other birds, which therefore try to avoid it.
The result is the RobotFalcon, which is painted to look like a real peregrine falcon and is powered by an internal engine. To capably copy the flying patterns of a falcon, the researchers studied the flying characteristics of real birds and then added features to their robot bird that would allow it to fly in similar ways.
During field tests, the robot bird scared away entire flocks of birds within five minutes of arrival: on half of these flights, it was able to clear the field within 70 seconds. The team conducted multiple tests with the same flock of birds over three months and found no habituation - they were afraid of it no matter how often they saw it.
8. What does the underlined word “menace” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Wonder. B. Threat. C. Limit. D. Target.
9. Which of the following has been used to scare birds away?
A. Selected wild falcons.
B. Drones in the shape of birds.
C. Systems producing birds’ bitter cries.
D. Specially designed plane engines.
10. What contributes to the-researchers selecting a peregrine falcon for their design?
A. It is scary
B. It can be easily caught.
C. It is typical in Roflight.
D. It has unique flying patterns.
11. Why was the robot tested repeatedly with the same flock of birds?
A. To predict its service life.
B. To improve its efficiency.
C. To work out a service schedule.
D. To measure its long-term effectiveness.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。鸟类对于飞行的飞机来说是一种威胁，为了阻止鸟类出现在机场，研究人员用像游隼一样的无人机吓跑鸟类，效果显著。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第一二句“Birds, whether alone or in flocks, are a menace to flying planes. When a plane strikes a bird, damage will be caused-occasionally with disastrous results. (鸟类，无论是单独的还是成群的，对飞行的飞机都是一种 。当飞机撞上一只鸟时，会造成损害，有时还会造成灾难性的后果。)”可知，当飞机撞上一只鸟时，会造成损害。所以鸟类对于飞行的飞机来说是一种威胁，menace意为“威胁”。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Currently drones(无人机)are used to scare birds away, as are trained falcons arid systems that make sounds of birds in great pain. (目前无人机被用来吓跑鸟类，正如制造出使鸟类产生巨大的痛苦声音的训练有素的游隼和系统。)”可知，产生鸟类痛苦叫声的系统被用来吓跑鸟类。故选C。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In this how effort, the researchers took a new approach - they designed a remote-controlled flying robot just like a peregrine falcon that catches and kills other birds, which therefore try to avoid it. (在这项研究中，研究人员采用了一种新的方法——他们设计了一种遥控飞行机器人，就像游隼一样，可以捕捉并杀死其他鸟类，因此这些鸟类都试图避开它。)”可知，游隼可以捕捉并杀死其他鸟类，因此这些鸟类都害怕。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据末段末句“The team conducted multiple tests with the same flock of birds over three months and found no habituation - they were afraid of it no matter how often they saw it. (研究小组在三个多月的时间里对同一群鸟进行了多次测试，没有发现他们习以为常——无论它们多久看到一次，它们都害怕。)”可知，机器人被反复测试是为了来衡量它的长期效果，检测看看这些鸟是不是会习以为常。故选D。
D
As the year 2023 is the Year of the Rabbit in China, many brand have rolled out an array of rabbit-themed goods. Wang Chuchun, an 18-year-old freshman from Xiamen University in Fujian, bought a pair of shoes from the rabbit collection made by Holli, a domestic brand, during the Spring Festival holiday.
“I would like to see Chinese culture be more incorporated into consumer goods that carry a variety of beautiful connotations(内涵).” Wang told journalist.
Guochao, the combination of Chinese traditions with modern designs, has become a keyword for this year’s Spring Festival product consumption, according to statistics from Vipshop(also known as weipinhui in Chinese), an online retailer(零售商). The sales volume of 361 Degrees, a sports equipment company, saw a rise of 188 percent on a year-on-year basis during the Spring Festival with their rabbit collection.
Who is behind the surge of sales for guochao products? According to a report released by data service provider Aurora, the proportion of young people interested in the guochao products accounted for more than 70 percent of consumers.
Thus the target market of the guochao products is China’s 400 million-strong army of young consumers, Tom Harper, a lecturer in international relations at the University of East London, said to The Conversation.
Like their peers in Western countries, China’s Gen Z consumers are enthusiastic users of social media; but that is where the similarities end.
This generation has grown up during China’s rapid economic development in the 2000s and 2010s, which is a marked contrast to their peers in the West, who came of age, in the shadow of the2008 financial crisis. As a result, they have been characterized as being more confident and better educated than previous generations.
“Complex and profound social and cultural factor have contributed to the rise of guochao. But it all comes down to decades of stable development in China. As our country enters an era of prosperity(繁荣), our cultural confidence gets boosted as well,” said Wang.
12. Why is Wang Chuchun’s experience mentioned at the beginning of the text?
A. To illustrate what young people like to buy.
B. To lead up to the topic of the guochao trend.
C. To show the popularity of rabbit-themed goods.
D. To stress the rising influence of domestic brands.
13. What aspect of guochao products does paragraph 3 focus on?
A. Their targets. B. Their features.
C. Their popularity. D. Their market potential
14. What can be inferred about China’s Gen Z consumers?
A. Their shopping habits are mainly driven by social media.
B. They have benefited from rapid growth in economy
C. They’re more confident than their Western peers.
D. They’ve been deeply affected by the financial crisis.
15. What is the fundamental reason for the rise of guochao according to Wang?
A. China’s stable development.
B. China’s social and cultural factors.
C. The popularity of social media.
D. Young people’s rising cultural confidence.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着2023兔年的到来，中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词，中国Z代人强大的消费能力受益于中国经济的稳步发展。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““I would like to see Chinese culture be more incorporated into consumer goods that carry a variety of beautiful connotations(内涵). Wang told journalist. (“我希望中国文化更多地融入到具有各种美好内涵的消费品中。”王告诉记者。)”以及第三段首句“Guochao, the combination of Chinese traditions with modern designs, has become a keyword for this year’s Spring Festival product consumption, according to statistics from Vipshop(also known as weipinhui in Chinese), an online retailer(零售商). (据在线零售商唯品会统计，将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词。)”可知，文章开头提到了王楚春的经历是为了引出国潮趋势的话题。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Guochao, the combination of Chinese traditions with modern designs, has become a keyword for this year’s Spring Festival product consumption, according to statistics from Vipshop(also known as weipinhui in Chinese), an online retailer(零售商). The sales volume of 361 Degrees, a sports equipment company, saw a rise of 188 percent on a year-on-year basis during the Spring Festival with their rabbit collection. (据在线零售商唯品会统计，将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词。运动器材公司361°的兔子系列在春节期间的销售额同比增长了188%。)”可知，将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”成为关键词以及361°的兔子系列销售额同比增长了188%都说明了国潮商品极高的受欢迎度。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段第一句“This generation has grown up during China’s rapid economic development in the 2000s and 2010s, which is a marked contrast to their peers in the West, who came of age, in the shadow of the2008 financial crisis. (这一代人成长于本世纪头10年和2010年中国经济快速发展的时期，这与西方同龄人形成了鲜明对比，后者在2008年金融危机的阴影下长大成人。)”可知，中国的Z世代消费者受益于经济的快速增长。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据末段末句““But it all comes down to decades of stable development in China. As our country enters an era of prosperity(繁荣), our cultural confidence gets boosted as well,” said Wang. (“但这一切都归结于中国几十年的稳定发展。随着我国进入繁荣时代，我们的文化自信也得到了增强。”王说。)”可知，王认为，国朝兴起的根本原因是中国经济的稳步发展。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is easy to get carried away in an argument. While having a rational (理性的) conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible.____16____
The Empathy (同理心) Challenge in an exercise created by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively.____17____“As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying (潜在的) values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That’s it.”
____18____. As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. Through asking questions, Chance was able to empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings. One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish.____19____.The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity (真实性) was important in political leaders.
Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. ____20____
A. One way is to approach the other person with empathy.
B. Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try.
C. The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱的)about freedom.
D. And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings.
E. A research suggested that carrying conversation can boost people’s empathy for others.
F. In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you.
G. Another man tried to explore reasonable persuasion without carrying away her underlying alues.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。钱斯教授为了让学生学习如何更有效地沟通，自己先进行练习挑战，找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但依然能够理解他人的人生价值观，从而证明了练习有效沟通的意义。
【16题详解】
前文“While having a rational(理性的)conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible. (在争论中很容易失去理智。虽然与持不同意见的人进行理性对话似乎是一种挑战，但这是可能的。)”说明与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。结合选项。A项“One way is to approach the other person with empathy. (一种方法是带着同理心接近对方。)”符合语意逻辑，介绍与持不同意见的人进行理性对话是可能的的方法。故选A。
【17题详解】
前文“At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively. (在耶鲁大学，钱斯教授一门名为“掌握影响力和说服”的课程，让学生学习如何更有效地沟通。)”介绍钱斯教授让学生学习如何更有效地沟通的课程。结合选项，F项“In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you. (在她的博客中，钱斯解释说，倾听不同意你的人是很重要的。)”承接上文，都是在介绍如何更有效地沟通的方法。而且人物一致。故选F。
【18题详解】
下文“As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. (由于她不明白为什么很多人选择投票给唐纳德·特朗普，她找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。)”说明钱斯教授自己实验通过同理心进行更有效地沟通。结合选项，B项“Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try. (在让学生们尝试之前，钱斯自己先接受了这个挑战。)”承接下文，钱斯教授接受挑战，自己先去尝试与不同观点的人进行沟通。故选B。
【19题详解】
前文“One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish. (一名正统犹太人解释说，他支持川普是因为川普的女儿和女婿是犹太人。)”以及后文“The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity(真实性)was important in political leaders. (第三位是一位律师，他认为真实对政治领导人很重要。)”分别介绍第一位和第三位支持特朗普的人，可推知，空处应为第二位支持特朗普的人。结合选项，C项“The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱的)about freedom. (下一位是俄罗斯移民，对自由充满热情。)”承上启下，符合语意。故选C。
【20题详解】
前文“Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. (虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但他们能够理解他人的人生价值观。)”说明人们通过同理心可以进行有效的沟通。意在总结钱斯这样做的意义和作用。结合选项，D项“And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings. (这就是练习的意义——把他人理解为人类同胞。)”同样是在说明有效的沟通练习的意义。故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I can’t miss the little old lady standing at a bus stop. With her kerchief(方头巾)on her head, a black umbrella ____21____all over, I can tell she is freezing. I’m driving by, late for my early morning shift(轮班). I decide to stop and offer her a____22____.
____23____ , she declines, but when I ask again and____24____, finally, she gets in the car. I take her to her____25____, and by the time she gets out of my car, she is smiling and thanks me.
I was____26____for work that day, but I was so glad that I stopped. That was 40 years ago, and the beginning of a new____27____, one that continues when I’m out driving in bad weather.
If there’s someone at a bus stop, especially if it’s an elderly person waiting at____28____hours and in bad weather, I will____29____and ask if they need a ride. Once a woman jumped in without hesitation, which made me feel good.
The best part of my ride offers is the____30____. I do tend to ask a lot of questions: where are you from, where are you going, family, background, pets and whatever else comes to mind.____31____, everyone wants to chat. We are usually laughing by the time the ride is over. “What a shame!” I often think when they hop out, as the stories were just getting ____32____.
As the years____33____, perhaps I will be the one standing at the bus stop. Perhaps there will be somebody who ____34____down a window and offers me a seat for a little ride. I will continue to take that leap of____35____in the kindness of strangers.
21. A. holding B. blowing C. taking D. sharing
22. A. ride B. drive C. cash D. luck
23. A. In addition B. Or rather C. of course D. After all
24. A. conserve B. insist C. recommend D. instruct
25. A. departure B. terminal C. institute D. destination
26. A. late B. loyal C. cute D. punctual
27. A. habit B. period C. action D. shift
28. A. for B. over C. off D. by
29. A. drive out B. come across C. switch up D. pull over
30. A. feedback B. conversation C. understanding D. inquiry
31. A. Surprisingly B. Constantly C. Actually D. Basically
32. A. improved B. started C. created D. constructed
33. A. prove B. end C. put D. pass
34. A. bends B. falls C. rolls D. pours
35. A. conscience B. mercy C. faith D. integrity
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。我在恶劣的天气里开车时，会让在寒风冷雨中等车的人们搭便车。我坚持这个习惯40年，最喜欢的部分是与他们之间的谈话。随着岁月流逝，也许站在公交车站的人会是我，当有人摇下车窗时，我会继续相信陌生人的善良。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她头上戴着头巾，一把黑色的雨伞被风吹得乱转，我能感觉到她很冷。A. holding举办；B. blowing吹，刮；C. taking带着；D. sharing分享。根据下文“I can tell she is freezing.”可知，天很冷，风很大，雨伞被风吹得乱转。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定停下来让她搭我的车。A. ride搭乘；B. drive驱车出行；C. cash现金；D. luck运气。根据前文“I can’t miss the little old lady standing at a bus stop”可知，我不能错过站在公共汽车站的那个小老太太。所以我停下让她搭我的车。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：当然，她拒绝了，但当我再次要求并坚持时，她终于上了车。A. In addition除此之外；B. Or rather更确切地说；C. of course当然；D. After all毕竟。根据常识可知，小老太太应是不好意思麻烦别人，自然而然会拒绝。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，她拒绝了，但当我再次要求并坚持时，她终于上了车。A. conserve保存；B. insist坚持；C. recommend推荐；D. instruct教授。根据本句“she declines, but when I ask again”可知，在我的坚持下，她才上了车。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把她送到目的地，当她从我的车里出来时，她微笑着感谢我。A. departure离开；B. terminal终点站；C. institute协会；D. destination目的地。根据本句“she gets out of my car”可知，下车了，是因为到目的地了。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天我上班迟到了，但我很高兴我停下来了。A. late迟到的；B. loyal忠诚的；C. cute可爱的；D. punctual守时的。根据前文“I’m driving by, late for my early morning shift(轮班).”可知，我本来就要迟到了。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是40年前的事了，也是一个新习惯的开始——一个当我在恶劣的天气里开车时会继续的习惯。A. habit习惯；B. period时期；C. action行为；D. shift转变。根据本句“That was 40 years ago”和“one that continues when I’m out driving in bad weather”可知，这是40年前的事，且一直在继续，故应为习惯。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果有人在公共汽车站等车，尤其是一位老人在公交下班时间和天气不好的时候等车，我会把车停在路边，问他们是否需要搭车。A. for为了；B. over关于；C. off下班，休息；D. by凭借。根据根据“especially”表示递进关系可知，应是下班时间。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果有人在公共汽车站等车，尤其是一位老人在下班时间和天气不好的时候等车，我会把车停在路边，问他们是否需要搭车。A. drive out驱赶；B. come across偶遇；C. switch up转换；D. pull over靠边停车。根据本句“ask if they need a ride”可知，我靠边停车，开始询问。故选D。
30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的旅程最精彩的部分就是谈话。A. feedback反馈；B. conversation交谈；C. understanding理解；D. inquiry询问。根据下文“everyone wants to chat”可知，他们交谈聊天。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，每个人都想聊天。A. Surprisingly令人惊讶的是；B. Constantly持续不断地；C. Actually实际上；D. Basically基本上。根据前文“I do tend to ask a lot of questions: where are you from, where are you going, family, background, pets and whatever else comes to mind.”以及常识可知，我问的是关于个人隐私的事情，但是很令人惊讶，每个人都想聊天。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常想，当他们跳出来的时候，故事才刚刚开始。A. improved改善；B. started开始；C. created创造；D. constructed建造。根据前文“We are usually laughing by the time the ride is over.”可知，我和他们聊天正开心时，却到了目的地。所以故事刚刚开始，他们却走了。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着岁月流逝，也许站在公交车站的人会是我。A. prove证明；B. end结束；C. put放置；D. pass(时间)流逝。根据主语“the years”可知，应为时间流逝。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许会有人摇下车窗，让我坐一会儿。A. bends弯曲；B. falls掉落；C. rolls滚动；D. pours倾倒。根据本句“down a window and offers me a seat for a little ride”可知，让我搭便车之前，要摇下车窗询问。roll down为固定搭配，“摇下”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会继续相信陌生人的善良。A. conscience良知；B. mercy仁慈；C. faith信任；D. integrity正直。根据前文“That was 40 years ago, and the beginning of a new , one that continues when I’m out driving in bad weather.”可知，我一直让陌生人搭乘，相信陌生人，现在会继续相信陌生人的善良。故选C。
第二节(共10个题;每小1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s No. 1 Central Document, which is the first policy statement released by the country’s central authorities each year,____36____(put) an emphasis on agricultural and rural development for 2023. This is also the 20th No. 1 Central Document of this century to focus on agricultural and rural____37____(affair).
Dedicating____38____(he)to agricultural development, based on his scientific research, Zhou Lei, 40, aspires(渴望) to make sure that Chinese people not only get enough to eat, but also eat well,____39____(reflect) one of the most important tasks in the No 1 Central Document—strengthening agriculture____40____science and technology.
Zhou is working with a group of highly educated and skilled young people, most of____41____hold doctorate degrees. According to Zhou, it usually takes people more than 10 years of____42____(academy) training to become qualified for the research job. Zhou has been/offered opportunities to go abroad and exchange experiences____43____peers overseas. Upon returning to China, Zhou determined to apply____44____he had learned to solving the problems faced by the nation’s agricultural industry. He and his team now work more than 300 days a year. They____45____(address) the hardest problem in rice-breeding technology — the cloning of cold-tolerant genes in rice — for the first time ever. Such breakthroughs effectively tackle the risks of grain reduction.
【答案】36. puts
37. affairs
38. himself
39. reflecting
40. through##via
41. whom 42. academic
43. with 44. what
45. have addressed
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。为响应农业农村事务的中央一号文件，促进农业和农村发展，40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，科技强农。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：中国的一号中央文件是中国中央政府每年发布的第一份政策声明，强调2023年的农业和农村发展。分析句子成分可知，空处应为主句的谓语动词。且照应从句的时态，也应为一般现在时。故填puts。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：这也是本世纪第20个聚焦农业农村事务的中央一号文件。空前为并列形容词“agricultural”和“rural”，故空处应为名词affair，词义为“公共事务”时常用复数。故填affairs。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，以科研为基础，立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱，而且吃得好，这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。固定搭配dedicate oneself to...，“致力于……”。故填himself。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，以科研为基础，立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱，而且吃得好，这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词，且与前文“based on his scientific research, Zhou Lei, 40, aspires(渴望)to make sure that Chinese people not only get enough to eat, but also eat well”为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填reflecting。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：40岁的周磊致力于农业发展，以科研为基础，立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱，而且吃得好，这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。分析句子成分可知，空处应为词义为“凭借，靠着”的介词。故填through/via。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：与周一起工作的是一群受过高等教育、有技能的年轻人，其中大多数人拥有博士学位。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的连接词。指代线性词“people”在定从中充当介词“of”的宾语。故填whom。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：据周教授介绍，人们通常需要经过10年以上的学术培训才能胜任研究工作。空处应为形容词修饰名词“training”。故填academic。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：周获得了出国与海外同行交流经验的机会。分析句子成分可知，空处应为词义为“和……一起”的介词。故填with。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：一回到中国，周决心将他所学到知识应用于解决国家农业面临的问题。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导宾语从句的关系词，且在宾语从句中充当“had learned”的宾语，故应为关系代词what。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们有史以来第一次解决了水稻育种技术中最困难的问题——克隆水稻的耐寒基因。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词，且照应句意“有史以来第一次”，故应为现在完成时，且主语为“They”，故应为have done。故填have addressed。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一书(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，正作为交换生在美国加州的一所学校学习，学生会主席Kevin邀请你在校文化节上展示中国优秀传统文化，形式、内容自选，请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.感谢邀请;
2.介绍将展示的具体内容;
3.表达期待.
注意：1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。
Dear Kevin,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Kevin,
I’m more than delighted to receive your email, in which you invited me to the school cultural festival. It will be a great pleasure for me to join such a wonderful event.
I would love to show how to make a Chinese lantern, which represents reunion in China, and can be hung in the house as a decoration. Moreover, I will prepare all the materials in advance, including the paper of different colors and the bamboo. Whoever is interested in the craft can join me in making one by themselves, and take it home.
It’s my sincere hope that the cultural festival will be a great success. I’m looking forward to joining you and enjoying fantastic performances together.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。Kevin邀请你在校文化节上展示中国优秀传统文化，在美国加州作为交换生的你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：感谢邀请；介绍将展示的具体内容；表达期待。
【详解】1. 词语积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
参加：join→be involved in
想要做：would love to do→feel like doing
提前：in advance→head of schedule
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Moreover, I will prepare all the materials in advance, including the paper of different colors and the bamboo.
拓展句：Moreover, I will prepare all the materials in advance, which include the paper of different colors and the bamboo.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I would love to show how to make a Chinese lantern, which represents reunion in China, and can be hung in the house as a decoration. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Whoever is interested in the craft can join me in making one by themselves, and take it home. (运用了whoever引导的主语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I put one last box into the back seat and closed the car door. It felt as if I were closing the door on my whole life. At first, I was excited when Mom told me she’d gotten a fantastic new job at an animal hospital. Then, because she always saves the bad news for last, she told me the really terrible part. The hospital wasn’t in our city; it was miles away in the middle of nowhere. And I’m definitely not a country girl.
I stood beside the car, taking a last look at our building. To most people, it probably just looked like any other old apartment house, but I loved every brick. Just then, I saw my best friends, Hana and Leo, come to see me off. While Hana played a cool riff(重复乐段)on her trumpet(小号), Leo sang, “We will miss you, Celia.” I hugged them tightly and jumped into the car fast so no one could see me tear up. As Mom drove away, I waved goodbye to my friends, my neighborhood, and my life.
We rode a while in silence, and I held my violin case for comfort. Leo, Hana, and I had been writing songs for our band, but that was all over now. “Don’t think of this as an ending,” Mom said, with her knack(技能)for reading my mind. “It’s an exciting beginning. It’s normal to be a bit anxious about unfamiliar things, but you don’t need to be afraid of them.” I kept silent and looked out the window as crowded, exciting city streets turned first into tasteless suburban shopping strips(商业街)and then into endless, boring trees and fields of corn. We finally arrived at our new home, a two-floored wooden farmhouse. Mom said I could go explore. Mom never let me go out alone in the city, so maybe a bit more freedom would be one consolation(慰藉)of living here.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Feeling that country life might turn out okay, I wondered off, taking my violin with me.
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I couldn’t resist, so I took out my violin and began to play along.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Feeling that country life might turn out okay. I wandered off, taking my violin with me. Suddenly l heard something I wasn’t expecting-a beautiful, jazzy tune. I pushed through some corn only to come face-to-face with a cow. Then another hot jazz riff floated through the air. I turned around and saw a tall kid playing an old saxophone in a field of corn. His music was fantastic, and he didn’t dress the way I figured a country kid would. This guy was wearing clothes that made him look cool, like a famous performer.
I couldn’t resist, so I took out my violin and began to play along. The boy looked surprised, but he didn’t miss a beat. We played together, and by the end, a cow was tapping her tail to the rhythm. When we finished, we introduced ourselves to each other and became friends. We also decided to write songs together. I looked at my new friend, the cheerful cow and tall corn. I could feel my thoughts about country life already changing, and I had a feeling it would change a lot more.
【解析】
【导语】本文以妈妈带我去乡下为线索展开。讲述了妈妈在偏远的郊外找到了一份工作，喜欢音乐的我不得不和我的好朋友分别，和妈妈一起去乡下。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“我觉得乡村生活可能还不错，就带着我的小提琴走了出去。”可知，本段可以写走了出去之后，我先是听到了优美的乐曲，寻声而去，发现了演奏者以及他的牛。
②由第二段首句内容“我无法抗拒，于是我拿出我的小提琴，开始拉起来。”可知，本段可以写我和男孩一起演奏，我们成为朋友，一起创作，我也转变了对农村生活的态度。
2. 续写线索：着我的小提琴走了出去——听到了优美的乐曲——发现了演奏者以及他的牛——我加入演奏——我们成为朋友——我转变了对农村生活的态度
3. 词类激活
行为类
①认为：figure/think/consider
②结束：finish/complete
③决定：decide/make a decision
情绪类
①极好的：fantastic/fabulous/remarkable
②惊讶的：surprised/amazed/astonished
③令人开心的：cheerful/pleasant/enjoyable
【点睛】【高分句型1】 This guy was wearing clothes that made him look cool, like a famous performer. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型1】When we finished, we introduced ourselves to each other and became friends. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
听力答案:1-5 BCACA 6-10 BCACB 11-15 CCBAC 16-20 BABAB
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