【期末专题复习】（人教版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题12- 短文首字母填空（最新名校期末好题）练习（原卷+解析）

这是一份【期末专题复习】（人教版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题12- 短文首字母填空（最新名校期末好题）练习（原卷+解析），文件包含期末专题复习人教版2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期专题12-短文首字母填空最新名校期末好题解析版docx、期末专题复习人教版2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期专题12-短文首字母填空最新名校期末好题原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共44页， 欢迎下载使用。

专题12 短文首字母填空20篇（最新名校期末好题）（解析版）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、短文首字母填空
（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级校考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
We need to do something for giant pandas. They are now in d____1____. For example, giant pandas do not have many babies d____2____ their lives, and it’s easy for baby pandas to get sick and d____3____ when they are very young. Also, giant pandas m____4____ live on a special kind of bamboo, so the bamboo forests are very important t____5____ them. H____6____ , the bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller. As a r____7____ , giant pandas may not have a place to live or food to e____8____ . There are now only about 1600 pandas l____9____ in the wild. We should take a____10____ to protect them right away.

【答案】
1．(d)anger 2．(d)uring 3．(d)ie 4．(m)ainly 5．(t)o 6．(H)owever 7．(r)esult 8．(e)at 9．(l)eft 10．(a)ction

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于大熊猫的信息。
1．句意：它们现在生活在危险中。根据前文的“We need to do something for giant pandas.”和后文的“ it’s easy for baby pandas to get sick”可知，熊猫生活在危险中。in danger“在危险中”。故填(d)anger。
2．句意：例如，在大熊猫的一生中，它们不会有很多的幼崽，并且，对于年幼的大熊猫来说，当他们很小的时候，很容易生病和死亡。根据对句子结构的分析可知，此处需填入介词，与后面的“their lives”一起构成介词短语作状语。结合设空处前后的内容及首字母可知，此处表达的是：在大熊猫的生命期间，即在大熊猫的一生中。during“在……期间”，符合逻辑。故填(d)uring。
3．句意：例如，在大熊猫的一生中，它们不会有很多的幼崽，并且，对于年幼的大熊猫来说，当他们很小的时候，很容易生病和死亡。根据“to get sick and”及首字母提示可知，此处需填入一个以d开头的动词，与前文的“get sick”为并列关系。die“死亡”，为动词，符合逻辑。故填(d)ie。
4．句意：另外，大熊猫主要以一种特殊的竹子为生，所以，竹林对他们来说很重要。根据对句子结构的分析可知，此处不欠句子成分，需填入以m开头的副词。mainly“主要地”，为副词，符合逻辑。故填(m)ainly。
5．句意：另外，大熊猫主要以一种特殊的竹子为生，所以，竹林对他们来说很重要。此处考查短语be important to sb./sth.“对……某人/某物重要”。故填(t)o。
6．句意：然而，竹林变得越来越小。根据对句子结构的分析可知，此处需填入副词修饰整个句子。由于本句话和前面一句话存在逻辑上的转折，所以，需填入表转折的副词。However“然而”，为副词，表转折，符合条件。故填(H)owever。
7．句意：结果，大熊猫可能没有地方住，没有食物吃。根据空前的“a”可知，此处需填入可数名词单数。由于本句话和前面一句话存在因果关系，所以，填入的名词要能和“As a”构成一个介词短语表“结果”。As a result“结果”。result“结果”，为可数名词单数，符合条件。故填(r)esult。
8．句意：结果，大熊猫可能没有地方住，没有食物吃。根据空前的不定式符号“to”可知，此处需填入以e开头的动词原形，且不定式修饰前面的“food”。eat“吃”，为动词，此处to eat作“food”的后置定语。故填(e)at。
9．句意：现在只剩大约1600只熊猫在野外。根据“There are now only about 1600 pandas...in the wild.”可知，此处需填入以l开头的非谓语动词，且此非谓语动词的含义为“剩下，剩余”。leave“留下”，其过去分词为left，表“被留下”，即“剩余，剩下”。此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“pandas”。故填(l)eft。
10．句意：我们应该立刻采取行动保护它们。考查短语take action to do sth.“采取行动做某事”。故填(a)ction。
（2022春·湖北武汉·八年级统考期末）先阅读短文，然后在短文后空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。
Global warming（全球变暖）is getting worse. Scientists have found that it is making some fish “stupid”.
Like h___11___, most fish like to live in groups. When a group member is in danger, it leaves signs of smells in order to r___12___ others. This can help fish avoid（躲避）their enemies. However, global warming has made the level of carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）h___13___ in seawater. Because of this, some fish are unable to smell the signs of danger that have been left b___14___ by their friends.
In the ocean, different kinds of creatures（生物）make different s___15___. When a fish hears the sound of an enemy, it swims away. As the seawater gets w___16___, however, the hearing of some fish becomes w___17___. Some fish can’t even hear the sounds of nearby enemies. As a result, these fish may be e___18___ hunted.
According to scientists, about 2.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide from human activities goes into the world’s oceans each year. If this number c___19___ to grow, it will make it harder for some fish to t____20____ friends from enemies.

【答案】
11．(h)umans 12．(r)emind 13．(h)igher 14．(b)ehind 15．(s)ounds 16．(w)armer 17．(w)eaker 18．(e)asily 19．(c)ontinues 20．(t)ell

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球气候变暖越来越严重，科学家们发现这会让鱼变蠢，并分析了其中的原因。
11．句意：像人类一样，大多数鱼喜欢群居。根据“live in groups”和所给字母h可推测出，大多数鱼像人一样，喜欢群居，human“人类”，可数名词，此处为复数形式。故填(h)umans。
12．句意：当一个群体成员遇到危险时，它会留下气味来提醒其他成员。根据“This can help fish avoid（躲避）their enemies”可知，当遇到危险时，会留下气味来提醒其他成员，这能帮助鱼避开敌人；“提醒”remind，根据“in order to”可知，后面应用动词原形。故填(r)emind。
13．句意：然而，全球变暖使得海水中的二氧化碳含量更高。结合句意和“made”可知，全球变暖让海水中的二氧化碳比从前更高了，故这里“更高”为比较级；形容二氧化碳含量高应用high，其比较级为higher。故填(h)igher。
14．句意：正因为如此，有些鱼无法嗅出同伴留下的危险迹象。根据“When a group member is in danger, it leaves signs of smells”和“some fish are unable to smell the signs of danger that have been left”可知，此处指同伴留下的危险迹象，“留下”的英文表达为leave behind。故填(b)ehind。
15．句意：在海洋中，不同种类的生物发出不同的声音。根据“Some fish can’t even hear the sounds of nearby enemies”可知，不同的生物会发出不同的声音；“声音”的英文表达为sound，此处表示各种各样生物发出的声音，为复数，故要用复数形式sounds。故填(s)ounds。
16．句意：然而，随着海水变得更温暖，一些鱼的听力变得更弱了。根据“However, global warming has made the level of carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）higher in seawater”可知，此处为海水变得比以前更温暖了，故要用“温暖的”的比较级；“温暖的”warm，其比较级为warmer。故填(w)armer。
17．句意：然而，随着海水变得更温暖，一些鱼的听力变得更弱了。根据“Some fish can’t even hear the sounds of nearby enemies”可知，随着海水温度的上升，鱼的听力与之前比，变得更弱了；“弱的”weak，“更弱的”为其比较级，对应英文表达为weaker。故填(w)eaker。
18．句意：因此，这些鱼很容易被捕获。根据“Some fish can’t even hear the sounds of nearby enemies”可推测出，这些鱼很容易就被捕了。“容易”easy修饰动词“被捕”，故要用副词形式easily。故填(e)asily。
19．句意：如果这个数字继续增长，一些鱼将更难区分朋友和敌人。根据“about 2.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide from human activities goes into the world’s oceans each year”和“it will make it harder for some fish”可知，此处表示二氧化碳的含量继续增加，“继续”continue，由“this number”可知，If引导的从句主语为第三人称单数，故谓语动词要用三单形式。故填(c)ontinues。
20．句意：如果这个数字继续增长，一些鱼将更难区分朋友和敌人。根据句意和“it will make it harder for some fish”和“friends from enemies”可知，这里为tell...from“辨别，区分”，由“to”可知，这里要用动词原形。故填(t)ell。
（2022春·湖北武汉·八年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母己给出。
Bex Lindsay’s dream was to be a host. From a young age, she was very i____21____ in radio. In her childhood she often pretended (假装) to host her own shows on Bex Radio while playing her parents’ CDs. At that time Lindsay w____22____ very much to work at Fun Kids, a radio station for young listeners, so she s____23____ them a strange recording, hoping to be accepted. “In the old host-to-be performance, the final thing you were asked to do was to j____24____ on a trampoline (蹦床) while interviewing somebody,” she told the reporter, “I didn’t have a trampoline and I didn’t want to do it in f____25____ of anyone else, so I interviewed myself while jumping on my bed, having the recording made. ”
Lindsay’s recording really w____26____ and she was asked to host the Sunday breakfast show. Now she hosts a p____27____ program and she loves radio more than ever. She says, “My role as the host is kind of to be a listener, so I will ask q____28____ that other people would want to ask.” When she is asked how she has been s____29____, Lindsay says, “First of all, keep the dream in your m____30____ and never give up.” She adds, “Hosting isn’t about how high up in the world you are; it’s about having a good voice and a good idea. Go and do it. ”

【答案】
21．(i)nterested 22．(w)anted 23．(s)ent 24．(j)ump 25．(f)ront 26．(w)orked 27．(p)opular 28．(q)uestions 29．(s)uccessful 30．(m)ind

【导语】本文主要讲Bex Lindsay小时候梦想成为一名主持人，之后通过努力最终实现梦想的故事。
21．句意：从小时候起，他就对收音机感兴趣。根据“From a young age, she was very...in radio. In her childhood she often pretended (假装) to host her own shows on Bex Radio while playing her parents’ CDs.”可知此处是对收音机感兴趣，be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，故填(i)nterested。
22．句意：在那时Lindsay非常想要在“Fun Kids”里工作，一个给年纪小的听众打造的收音机电台。根据“so she...them a strange recording, hoping to be accepted”可知是很想在里面工作，此处是一般过去时，“want”用过去式即“wanted”。故填(w)anted。
23．句意：所以她给他们发送了一个奇怪的录音，希望能被录取。根据“...them a strange recording”可知是发送了一个奇怪的录音，此处是一般过去时，“send”用过去式即“sent”。故填(s)ent。
24．句意：在旧时候的主持人面试表演中，最后你需要做的一件事情是在蹦床上跳同时还要采访某人。根据“...on a trampoline (蹦床)”可知是在蹦床上跳，“jump”表示“跳跃”，“to”后接动词原形，故填(j)ump。
25．句意：我没有蹦床，并且我不想在别人面前做这件事，所以我采访了自己，并在床上跳，就这样把视频给录制了。根据“I didn’t want to do it in f...of anyone else”可知此处是在别人“面前”跳，“in front of”表示“在……面前”。故填(f)ront。
26．句意：Lindsay的视频真的奏效了并且她被要求去主持“周日早餐”节目。根据“she was asked to host the Sunday breakfast show.”可知是视频通过了，结合首字母提示可知是“work起作用”，此处用一般过去时，故填(w)orked。
27．句意：他现在主持一档受欢迎的节目，并且她比之前更热爱广播了。根据“Now she hosts a p...program and she loves radio more than ever.”及首字母提示可知是“popular受欢迎的”，形容词作定语，故填(p)opular。
28．句意：她说：“我做主持人的角色就像是一个听众，所以我将会去问别人想要问的问题。”根据“I will ask q...that other people would want to ask.”及首字母提示可知此处是“ask questions问问题”，“question”是可数名词，此处用复数形式，故填(q)uestions。
29．句意：当她被问到是如何成功时，她说：“首先把梦想记在脑子里，然后永远不要放弃。”根据“Lindsay says, ‘First of all, keep the dream in your...’”及首字母提示可知此处讲的是成功之道，空格处填形容词作表语，故填(s)uccessful。
30．句意：首先把梦想记在脑子里，然后永远不要放弃。根据“keep the dream in your m...”及首字母提示可知此处是短语“keep...in mind”，表示“记住……”，故填(m)ind。
（2022春·湖北武汉·八年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。
I was filled with doubts and worries until my grandfather told me to stand tall. For me, h___31___ was my trouble. I was much taller than other girls in Grade Eight, I often bent (弯曲) my body at the back of the line. I had always felt unsafe as the tallest student of my class. And I wasn’t looking f___32___ to entering the ninth grade.
My grandfather didn’t laugh at me. Instead, whenever I tried to bend myself in order to appear s___33___ , he would tell me “Stand straight and tall, Alisa.” I t___34___ my grandfather more than anyone else in my childhood. And whenever I was afraid of something, he always told me stories of his life.
My grandfather grew up in war-torn (战乱的) Europe. “Stand straight, stand tall m___35___ something else then. After the war, he went to America. He lived a hard life. “If they could do it, why couldn’t I?” “Stand straight, stand tall,” he often r___36___ himself. Thanks to the help of a friend, my grandfather got a job. He once told me that he was very n___37___ at first. He was not only trying to learn this h___38___ new job but also a new language.
“Stand straight, stand tall,” he would always tell himself. I am so proud of my grandfather. After listening to my grandfather’s unusual e___39___, I have changed the way I look at my own life.
“Stand straight, stand tall” has become not only a piece of advice to i____40____ my posture (身姿). It also tells me to be proud of who I am.
And I do.

【答案】
31．(h)eight 32．(f)orward 33．(s)horter 34．(t)rusted 35．(m)eant 36．(r)eminded 37．(n)ervous 38．(h)ard 39．(e)xperiences 40．(i)mprove

【导语】本文主要讲述作者通过祖父的故事重拾自信。
31．句意：对我来说，身高是我的烦恼。根据“I was much taller than other girls in Grade Eight, I often bent (弯曲) my body at the back of the line. I had always felt unsafe as the tallest student of my class.”可知，身高是作者的烦恼，height“身高”，在句中作主语。故填(h)eight。
32．句意：我并不期待进入九年级。根据“And I wasn’t looking f...to entering the ninth grade.”可知，此处是look forward to短语，意为“期待”。故填(f)orward。
33．句意：相反，每当我试图弯腰让自己显得更矮时，他会告诉我：“站直，站高，艾丽莎。”根据“whenever I tried to bend myself in order to appear s...”可知，我弯腰是为了让自己显得矮，shorter“更矮”符合语境。故填(s)horter。
34．句意：在我的童年时代，我最信任我的祖父。根据“I t...my grandfather more than anyone else in my childhood.”可知，与其他人相比，最信任祖父。trust“信任”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(t)rusted。
35．句意：站直，站高意味着别的东西。根据“Stand straight, stand tall m...something else then.”可知，站直、站高意味着别的东西，mean“意味着”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(m)eant。
36．句意：“站直，站高，”他经常提醒自己。根据“he often r...himself”可知，他经常提醒自己，remind“提醒”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(r)eminded。
37．句意：他曾经告诉我，他一开始很紧张。根据“He once told me that he was very n...at first.”可知，他很紧张，nervous“紧张的”，在句中作表语。故填(n)ervous。
38．句意：他不仅要学习这份艰难的新工作，还要学习一门新语言。根据“He was not only trying to learn this h...new job but also a new language.”可知，是份艰难的新工作，hard“难的”，在句中作定语。故填(h)ard。
39．句意：在听了我祖父不寻常的经历后，我改变了对自己生活的看法。根据“After listening to my grandfather’s unusual e..., I have changed the way I look at my own life.”可知，是祖母不寻常的经历，experience“经历”，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式。故填(e)xperiences。
40．句意：“站直，站高”不仅成了我改善姿势的一条建议。根据“‘Stand straight, stand tall’ has become not only a piece of advice to i...my posture (身姿).”可知，“站直，站高”这条建议改善了我的身姿，improve“改善”符合语境，用于不定式结构中，使用动词原形。故填(i)mprove。
（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其句意完整。
I remember when I was young, my parents focused on（关注）everything I did. I liked w___41___ bright red clothes, but they said the colour was too sharp. I loved listening to rock and roll, but they said I was too noisy and I should keep s___42___ . I hated eating vegetables, but they said they were good for my h___43___ .
Later, I studied at an all-boys school. My parents always asked me to study hard. I felt unhappy. Every night, I asked myself, “ What’s w___44___ with me?” My parents told me that the things I did were bad. I gave up many things I liked doing. My life was not s___45___ colourful as my friends’ lives.
I studied psychology（心理学）when I was at university. I got very good marks, h___46___ , I still did not understand them.
Years later, my wife and I had two children. I often heard myself tell them, “Don’t talk on the phone so much! You should s___47___  more time on your schoolwork. Use your free time to read...” I began to understand my parents. They told me what to do m___48___ because they cared, just as I told my children what to do because I cared. Sometimes, I o___49___ them some help when they were in need.
Young people, behind all the advice your parents give you, what they are really saying is: We really c____50____ about you and we love you.

【答案】
41．(w)earing 42．(s)ilent 43．(h)ealth 44．(w)rong 45．(s)o 46．(h)owever 47．(s)pend 48．(m)ainly 49．(o)ffered 50．(c)are

【导语】本文作者主要讲述了自己小时候不理解父母的各种教导，直到自己成为父母之后，才明白那些各种教导和要求都是父母对自己关心和爱的表现。
41．句意：我喜欢穿鲜红色的衣服，但他们说颜色太鲜艳了。根据“bright red clothes, but they said the colour was too sharp”可知是指穿衣服，wear“穿”，是动词，固定短语like doing sth“喜欢做某事”，故填(w)earing。
42．句意：我喜欢听摇滚乐，但他们说我太吵了，我应该保持安静。根据“I was too noisy”可知和吵闹对应的是安静，silent“安静的”，形容词作表语，故填(s)ilent。
43．句意：我讨厌吃蔬菜，但他们说蔬菜对我的健康有好处。根据“eating vegetables”可知是指吃蔬菜对健康有好处，health“健康”，名词。故填(h)ealth。
44．句意：我怎么了？根据“What’s w...with me”可知是问自己怎么了，what’s wrong with sb“某人怎么了”，故填(w)rong。
45．句意：我的生活不像我朋友的生活那么丰富多彩。根据“My life was not s...colourful as my friends’ lives.”可知作者的生活没有朋友那么丰富多彩，so“如此，那样”，故填(s)o。
46．句意：我取得了很好的成绩，然而，我仍然不理解他们。根据“I got very good marks, h..., I still did not understand them.”可知前后是转折关系，however“然而”，故填(h)owever。
47．句意：你应该在你的功课上花更多的时间。根据“You should s...more time on your schoolwork”可知是指花费时间，spend“花费”，空前有情态动词，动词用原形，故填(s)pend。
48．句意：他们告诉我该做什么主要是因为他们关心我，就像我告诉我的孩子们该做什么是因为我关心他们一样。根据“They told me what to do m...because they cared,”可知父母告诉作者该做什么，主要是因为父母关心作者，mainly“主要”，副词，符合语境，故填(m)ainly。
49．句意：有时，当他们需要帮助的时候，我给他们一些帮助。根据“Sometimes, I o...them some help when they were in need.”可知是指作者给孩子们提供帮助，offer“帮助”，是动词，结合“they were in need”可知句子是一般过去时，故填(o)ffered。
50．句意：年轻人，在父母给你的所有建议背后，他们真正在说的是：我们真的关心你，我们爱你。根据“We really c...about you and we love you.”可知是指关心，care about“关心”，句子是一般现在时，主语是we，动词用原形，故填(c)are。
（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级校考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。完整写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Chinese New Year is coming. Are you ready to welcome the Year of the T____51____?
In Chinese culture, tigers are seen as the king of all the animals. They s____52____ for power, energy, and protection. Tigers are regarded as b____53____ animals, so that’s why you can see pictures of tigers on the walls of houses. They are to p____54____ us from disasters and danger. In old times, some great generals(将军) were called the “tiger generals”. It’s said that people who were b____55____ in the Year of the Tiger are brave, strong and determined(有决心的).
I____56____ of tigers, in the West, lions are thought as the king of all the animals. Brave soldiers were called “the lion”. In Europe, the animal is a national symbol for England as w____57____ as for Norway, Spain, Belgium and 13 other countries.
H____58____, in the West, tigers are also seen as very powerful animals. In English, if you want someone to c____59____ down, you can say to them “easy tiger”. A____60____ famous phrase is “eye of the tiger”, which means to have wildness and strength.

【答案】
51．(T)iger 52．(s)tand 53．(b)rave 54．(p)rotect 55．(b)orn 56．(I)nstead 57．(w)ell 58．(H)owever 59．(c)alm 60．(A)nother

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了老虎在不同国家象征着什么，以及在中西方的差异。
51．句意：你准备好迎接虎年了吗？根据第二段“the Year of the Tiger”及首字母提示，可知此处应填Tiger“老虎”。故填(T)iger。
52．句意：它们代表力量、能量和保护。根据“They…for power, energy, and protection.”及首字母提示，可知此处填动词stand，构成短语stand for，意为“代表”，本文时态为一般现在时。故填(s)tand。
53．句意：老虎被视为勇敢的动物，这就是为什么你可以在房子的墙上看到老虎的照片。分析“Tigers are regarded as…animals”可知空处应填形容词，修饰名词animals；由后文的“ Brave soldiers were called ‘the lion’”及首字母提示，可推知此处填形容词brave“勇敢的”，故填(b)rave。
54．句意：他们是为了保护我们免受灾难和危险。根据“They are to…us from disasters and danger.”及首字母提示，可填动词protect“保护”，构成短语protect…from…“保护……免受……”，放在不定式to的后面用动词原形。故填(p)rotect。
55．句意：据说虎年出生的人勇敢、坚强、意志坚定。根据“It’s said that people who were…in the Year of the Tiger are brave”及首字母提示，可知填动词born，构成短语be born in“出生于”。故填(b)orn。
56．句意：相反，在西方，狮子被认为是所有动物中的王者，而不是老虎。根据“in the West, lions are thought as the king of all the animals”可知西方跟东方不一样，结合首字母提示，可填Instead“相反”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填(I)nstead。
57．句意：在欧洲，这种动物是英国以及挪威、西班牙、比利时和其他13个国家的国家象征。根据“as…as”及首字母提示，可知填well，构成短语as well as“以及”。故填(w)ell。
58．句意：然而，在西方，老虎也被视为非常强大的动物。分析空后的“in the West, tigers are also seen as very powerful animals.”可知句子结构完整，此处可填副词修饰整个句子，结合首字母提示，可填副词However“然而”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填(H)owever。
59．句意：在英语中，如果你想让某人冷静下来，你可以对他们说“easy tiger”。根据空后的“down”及首字母提示可知，此处填形容词calm“平静的”，构成短语calm down“冷静”。故填(c)alm。
60．句意：另一个著名的短语是“虎眼”，意思是拥有野性和力量。上文提到了“easy tiger”，此处提及“eye of the tiger”两个都是跟老虎相关的词语，结合首字母提示，空处可填another“另一个”。故填(A)nother。
（2022秋·湖北·八年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。
When Goldie Nejat began developing robots in 2005, she spent much of her time knocking on doors to let people know how her robots w___61___ , but few showed interest. “But now, it’s different.” says Nejat, “People calling from around the world ask when my robots are going to be r___62___.” Nejat’s robots are made to meet a growing n___63___: care-giving for the old. The population(人口) of the people over age 80 will be 426 million in 2050, three times l___64___ than that now.
Such robots could be especially useful for patients with Alzheimer’s disease(阿兹海默症). They can help with everyday activities from preparing food to telling patients to take m___65___.
Some w___66___ that care-giving robots might cut down human communication and make more humans lose their jobs. “But they are made to help humans not to take the p___67___ of them.” says Brian Scassellati. He tested robots with different patients, and found that daily communication with robots can help children with autism spectrum disorder(自闭障碍症) i___68___ social skills.
As the field grows, scientists try to u__69__ human-robot relationships better. Are robots useful because they don’t have f___70___ and don’t give opinions? “One thing is clear,” Scassellati says, “robots help people a lot.”

【答案】
61．(w)orked 62．(r)eady 63．(n)eed 64．(l)arger 65．(m)edicine 66．(w)orried/(w)orry 67．(p)lace 68．(i)mprove 69．(u)nderstand 70．(f)eelings

【导语】本文主要讲述了Goldie Nejat发明照顾老人的机器人的历程。
61．句意：当Goldie Nejat在2005年开始开发机器人时，她花了很多时间敲门让人们知道她的机器人是如何工作的，但几乎没有人感兴趣。根据“developing robots”和“ let people know how her robots...”及首字母可知，此处指让大家了解机器人是如何工作的，work符合语境，由spent可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(w)orked。
62．句意：来自世界各地的人们打电话来问我的机器人什么时候能准备好。根据“But now, it’s different”可知，应是现在和过去的情况进行对比，之前没有人感兴趣，现在应是都在问机器人什么时候准备好。be ready表示“准备好”，形容词作表语。故填(r)eady。
63．句意：Nejat的机器人是为了满足日益增长的需求而制造的。根据“Nejat’s robots are made to meet a growing...”及首字母可知，制造机器人是为了满足人们的需求，need“需求”，不可数名词。故填(n)eed。
64．句意：到2050年，80岁以上人口将达到4.26亿人，是现在的3倍。根据“ The population(人口) ”及首字母可知，形容人口的多用large，结合“three times ... than”可知，此处应用比较级。故填(l)arger。
65．句意：他们可以帮助从准备食物到告诉病人吃药的日常活动。根据“ telling patients to take...”及首字母可知，此处考查take medicine“吃药”，固定短语。故填(m)edicine。
66．句意：一些人担心护理机器人可能会减少人类的交流，使更多的人失去工作。根据“care-giving robots might cut down human communication and make more humans lose their jobs”可知，这是一些人担心的问题，worry符合语境；结合“He tested robots with different patients”可知，讲述的是过去发生的事情，所以空处用动词的过去式。故填(w)orried/(w)orry。
67．句意：但它们是用来帮助人类而不是取代他们的。根据上文“make more humans lose their jobs”可知，此处指不是取代人类的，take place of“取代”，固定短语。故填(p)lace。
68．句意：他在不同的病人身上测试机器人，并发现与机器人的日常交流可以帮助自闭障碍症的儿童提高社交技能。根据“help children with autism spectrum disorder(自闭障碍症) ....social skills.”及首字母可知，此处指帮助儿童提高社交技能，improve符合语境；help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，空处用动词原形。故填(i)mprove。
69．句意：随着这一领域的发展，科学家们试图更好地了解人与机器人的关系。根据“scientists try to ... human-robot relationships better”及首字母可知，此处指更好地了解人与机器人的之间的关系，understand符合语境；try to do sth“试图做某事”，固定短语，故填(u)nderstand。
70．句意：机器人有用是因为它们没有感情，不会发表意见吗？根据“ because they don’t have... and don’t give opinions”及首字母可知，机器人没有感情，feelings“情感”，常用作复数形式。故填(f)eelings。
（2022秋·天津河北·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
There is nothing special from my home to school every day. The train is a____71____ busy, and I usually find a place to sit down, start reading and then get off after 20 minutes.
But last Tuesday was d____72____. I happily listened to music when the train s____73____. At first, everyone said n____74____ but sat there. Then after about five minutes, I saw people on the train start to look around and talk. Fifteen minutes later, the train still didn’t move. It seemed that there was an accident in front of us. People got w____75____ because everyone would be late. They began to complain (抱怨) about the train and the accident, but later they started talking to each other about daily (日常的) things.
I hardly (几乎不) ever talked with others before, but not that day. A man called Louis t____76____ me about his pet dogs and his new house. I talked with him about my teachers and studies. Soon a businessman (商人) j____77____ us. He was an interesting man, I thought. A young girl took out her guitar and played a piece of m____78____. All of us sang t____79____. We had a lot of fun.
Luckily, after 20 minutes, the train finally m____80____ again. We all felt happy. The next day, I took the train as usual but none of my new “friends” were there. I will never forget those friendly people.

【答案】
71．(a)lways 72．(d)ifferent 73．(s)topped 74．(n)othing 75．(w)orried 76．(t)old 77．(j)oined 78．(m)usic 79．(t)ogether 80．(m)oved

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上周二在从家到学校的延误的火车上的一次难忘的经历。
71．句意：火车总是很忙。根据“I usually find a place to sit down”可知，我通常找一个地方坐下，结合首字母提示可推知，应该车上人多，所以火车总是很忙的，always“总是”符合语境。故填(a)lways。
72．句意：但上周二是不一样的。根据“There is nothing special from my home to school every day.”和“But last Tuesday was d... .”可知，两句有转折关系，第一句说每天没什么特别，结合首字母可推知第二句应说的是上周二不一样了，different“不同的”，形容词作表语。故填(d)ifferent。　　　　　　　　.
73．句意：当火车停下的时候，我开心地听着音乐。根据“Fifteen minutes later, the train still didn’t move.”及首字母提示可知，stop“停”符合语境，因“listened”是过去式，所以stop也应用过去式。故填(s)topped。
74．句意：起初，大家什么也没说只是坐在那里。根据“Then after about five minutes, I saw people on the train start to look around and talk.”可知，大约五分钟后人们开始在车上四周环顾，交谈，结合首字母进一步推知，起初人们应是什么也没说，nothing“没什么”符合语境。故填(n)othing。
75．句意：人们很担心，因为每个人都要迟到了。根据“because everyone would be late”及首字母提示可知，此处在讲人们担心、着急，因为人们要迟到了，形容词worried“担心”作表语。故填(w)orried。
76．句意：一个叫Louis的人给我讲了他的宠物狗和新房子。根据“I hardly (几乎不) ever talked with others before, but not that day.”可知我以前从不和人交谈，那天不一样，进一步推知作者和人们交流了，结合首字母及后文“I talked with him about my teachers and studies.”可推知，此处应表示“叫Louis的一个男人告诉我有关他的宠物和房子问题”，tell sb about sth“告诉某人某事”，因文章叙述过去的事情，所以此处用过去式。故填(t)old。
77．句意：很快一个商人加入了我们的行列。上文讲述了作者和Louis在聊天，结合语境及首字母提示可知，此处应表达“一个商人加入我们”，进一步说明此时人们在车上互相交流的场面，join“加入”，因前后都是过去式，叙述的是过去的经历，此处也应用过去式。故填(j)oined。
78．句意：一个年轻女孩拿出她的吉他，演奏了一首音乐。根据“her guitar”及首字母提示可知此处表达“音乐”，music“音乐”，不可数名词。故填(m)usic。
79．句意：我们所有人一起唱歌。根据语境及“We had a lot of fun.”可知大家一起很开心，结合首字母可推知，此处表达“一起唱歌”，together“一起”，副词，修饰动词sang。故填(t)ogether。
80．句意：幸运地是，20分钟后，火车终于又开动了。根据前文语境可知，火车由于延误停了20分钟，因此人们在火车上互动交流，玩得很开心，结合首字母提示及后文“We all felt happy.”可推知，此处应表达“火车又开动了”，move“移动”，根据文章语境可知，这叙述的是过去的经历，结合“after 20 minutes”可知，此处应用过去式。故填(m)oved。
（2022春·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）阅读短文，根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的单词，使短文通顺。
A Special Team at the Winter Paralympics (残奥会)
A special team was doing some voluntary work at the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympics Games. In fact, these little v____81____ are 68 lovely guide dogs. All of them were strictly c___82___ from a training center in Dalian, Liaoning Province. Months of special training had taught them how to do with complex (复杂的) situations in cold environments.
At the Paralympics, e____83____ of the guide dogs wears a QR code (二维码). By scanning the codes, people can e____84____ learn a lot of detailed information about the dogs, i____85____ their blooding, age, training history and service conditions.
China s____86____ up the first guide dog training center in 2006. Two years l____87____, a guide dog named Lucky made its appearance at the Beijing Paralympics. With its h____88____ , Ping Yali, the first Chinese who got a Paralympic gold medal, completed the torch relay (火炬传递).
Our modern technology will c____89____ to develop. But the special warmth and loyalty of guide dogs are always needed. During the Games, the guide dogs greatly helped the b____90____ athletes to fully enjoy the sports competition.

【答案】
81．(v)olunteers 82．(c)hosen 83．(e)ach 84．(e)asily 85．(i)ncluding 86．(s)et 87．(l)ater 88．(h)elp 89．(c)ontinue 90．(b)lind

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2022年北京冬残奥会上一支由导盲犬构成的特殊的志愿者队伍。
81．句意：事实上，这些小志愿者是68只可爱的导盲犬。根据上文的“A special volunteer team”可知，这是来自一支特殊志愿者队伍的志愿者们，且空格前的these后接名词复数，首字母为v，因此此空应是名词复数volunteers。故填(v)olunteers。
82．句意：它们都是从辽宁省大连市的一个训练中心里精挑细选出来的。根据空格后的“from a training center”可知，这些志愿者狗狗是从训练中心里被严格挑选出来的，因此句子应用被动语态，其结构为：be+过去分词。首字母为c，choose“挑选”，动词，过去分词为chosen。故填(c)hosen。
83．句意：在残奥会期间，每只导盲犬都戴着二维码。由谓语动词wears可知句子的主语应是第三人称单数；根据“of the guide dogs”可知，介词of前应有表示单数的代词，首字母为e，因此代词each表示“每一”符合题意。故填(e)ach。
84．句意：通过扫描二维码，人们可以很容易了解到关于狗狗的大量信息，包括它们的血统、年龄、训练历史和服务状况。由空格前的“can”和空格后的“learn”可知空格处应填入一副词，修饰动词learn。根据上文“By scanning the codes”可知要了解狗狗们的信息只需要扫描二维码，这是非常容易的一件事情，说明可以“很容易地”获取到这些信息。首字母为e，因此这个副词应是easily。故填(e)asily。
85．句意：通过扫描二维码，人们可以很容易了解到关于狗狗的大量信息，包括它们的血统、年龄、训练历史和服务状况。根据空格后的“their blooding, age, training history and service conditions”可知这些都是可了解到的信息，是包括在内的，including“包括在内”符合题意。故填(i)ncluding。
86．句意：中国在2006年就建立了第一家导盲犬训练中心。空格处应填入一谓语动词；由“in 2006”可知句子应用过去时；首字母为s，动词短语set up表示建立，此处set为动词过去式，符合题意。故填(s)et。
87．句意：两年后，一只名为“幸运”的导盲犬在北京残奥会上亮相。由“two years...”可知，此处为句子的时间状语，前文说2006年建立第一家导盲犬中心，2008年的北京残奥会应是其两年后，首字母l，later“后来”符合题意。故填(l)ater。
88．句意：在它的帮助下，获得中国第一枚残奥会金牌的运动员平亚丽，完成了火炬传递。with one’s help意为“在某人的帮助下”，符合题意。故填(h)elp。
89．句意：我们的现代科技将会继续发展。will后接动词原形，首字母为c，动词短语continue to do表示“继续做某事”，符合题意。故填(c)ontinue。
90．句意：在残奥会期间，导盲犬们极大地帮助了那些盲人运动员们尽情地享受这场体育盛宴。由“the guide dogs”可知，导盲犬帮助的是那些有视力障碍的运动员选手们。首字母为b，blind“失明的，盲的”，形容词，符合题意。故填(b)lind。
（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
My name is Huckleberry Finn. I live in the town of St. Petersburg in the state of Missouri. It’s a s___91___ town but it’s near a very big river called the Mississippi. This is the story of a journey that I made down that river on a raft.
Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich. We got $6,000 e___92___. Judge Thatcher put it in the bank.
I didn’t have a f___93___ or a home. My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. I didn’t go to school like the other boys of my a___94___. I lived on the streets and in the woods.
Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas invited me to live with her and my life c___95___. She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day. I didn’t like going there at first b___96___ learning was very difficult. But when I could read and write a bit, I didn’t m___97___ going. For me, eating my meals at the table and sleeping in a soft bed were the h___98___ things. I missed my old life. Sometimes I ran away and spent a few days in the woods. I felt f___99___ there and I was happy. I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars.
The months passed and w______100______ came. The weather got cold. One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the widow’s house. There was a cross on the heel of the left one. My heart jumped. Only one person wore boots with a cross on the left heel! Pap!

【答案】
91．(s)mall 92．(e)ach 93．(f)amily 94．(a)ge 95．(c)hanged 96．(b)ecause 97．(m)ind 98．(h)ardest 99．(f)ree 100．(w)inter

【导语】本文介绍了作者没有亲人没有家，被一个老妇人收养，虽然过上了好日子，但是怀念以前在树林里自由自在的生活。几个月过去了，冬天来了，作者在窗外雪地上发现了脚印，他猜是他的爸爸回来了。
91．句意：它是个小镇但是它在一个非常大的叫密西西比河的附近。but表示转折关系，可推断此空与big相对应，形容词作定语修饰town。small表示“小的”。故填(s)mall。
92．句意：我们每个人得到6000美元。根据“Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich”可知我和Tom sawyer两个人发现12000美元，因此每人6000美元。each表示“每个”。故填(e)ach。
93．句意：我没有家人或家。根据“My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared”可知我没有家人。a后接可数名词单数。family表示“家人；家庭”。故填(f)amily。
94．句意：我不像我同龄的其他男孩一样去上学。根据“the other boys of my…”及首字母可知，此处指其他的同龄男孩，age“年龄”符合。故填(a)ge。
95．句意：一个善良的老妇人Douglas请我去跟她一起住，我的人生发生了改变。此空是谓语动词，并且时态为一般过去时。根据“She gave me bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day”及后文说她给我买衣服送我上学，可知我的人生发生了改变。change表示“改变”，此处用过去式changed。故填(c)hanged。
96．句意：起初我不喜欢去那因为学习非常难。此空是连词连接两个句子，前后句表示因果关系，故填(b)ecause。
97．句意：当我会读会写了一些，我并不介意去做。此空缺少谓语动词，but表示转折，与上一句“我不喜欢”对应，mind表示“介意”，此处表示“我不介意去做”，助动词didn’t后接动词原形，故填(m)ind。
98．句意：对我来说，在餐桌前吃饭、在软软的床上睡觉是最难的事情。此空是形容词作定语修饰名词things，根据the可知此处是形容词最高级形式。根据“I missed my old life”可知现在这种生活我觉得很难。hard表示“困难的”。故填(h)ardest。
99．句意：我在那感觉很自由，我很快乐。feel为系动词，与形容词构成系表结构。根据“I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars”及首字母可知，在那的日子很自由，free表示“自由的”。故填(f)ree。
100．句意：几个月过去了，冬天来了。根据“One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the window’s house”可知“冬天”来了。winter表示“冬天”。故填(w)inter。
（2022春·天津南开·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示, 填写所缺单词, 使短文意思完整, 每空限填一词。
Are you nervous when you stand in front of the public? Are you a____101____ to make a speech（演讲）?
Lee, a middle school boy, felt shy when he was making a speech the other day. Le thought it would be quite easy to speak in front of h____102____ classmates.
“I was wrong. It was very different and much h____103____ than talking to my classmates during playtime,” Lee said, “I tried, but it was really difficult to speak. I felt like a mute（哑巴）and wanted to leave the classroom q____104____.”
Lee is not alone. Many middle school students now have the same p____105____. They can talk about their ideas freely with their best friends after class, but can’t speak in public. We think schools should pay more attention to s____106____. They can give students more chances to open their m____107____, such as speech competitions, English corners and class talking. Students can take part in the activities they like. “During your free time you should p____108____more. When you are speaking in pubic, just make yourself r____109____, imagine you’re talking to nobody and speak up your ideas clearly. “he said. “That makes a fine public speech and you’ll feel c_____110_____.”

【答案】
101．(a)fraid 102．(h)is 103．(h)arder 104．(q)uickly 105．(p)roblem 106．(s)peaking 107．(m)ouths 108．(p)ractise/(p)ractice 109．(r)elax/(r)elaxed 110．(c)onfident/(c)omfortable/(c)alm/(c)ool

【导语】本文主要讲述了青少年普遍害怕在公众前演讲以及相关的一些建议。
101．句意：你害怕发表演讲吗？根据“Are you nervous when you stand in front of the public?”和首字母提示可知，害怕演讲，afraid符合句意；故填(a)fraid。
102．句意：Le原本认为在同学面前讲话很容易。根据“classmates”和首字母提示可知，他的同学面前，his符合句意；故填(h)is。
103．句意：这和在游戏时间和我的同学交谈非常不同，而且困难得多。根据“I tried, but it was really difficult to speak.”和首字母提示可知，困难得多，结合much，harder符合句意；故填(h)arder。
104．句意：我觉得自己像个哑巴，想尽快离开教室。根据“felt like a mute”和首字母提示可知，快速离开教室，副词修饰动词，quickly符合句意；故填(q)uickly。
105．句意：现在许多中学生都有同样的问题。根据“Lee is not alone.”和首字母提示可知，很多学生有相同的问题；故填(p)roblem。
106．句意：我们认为学校应该更加注重演讲。根据全文内容和首字母提示可知，学校要注意学生的演讲，故填(s)peaking。
107．句意：他们可以给学生更多的机会开口说话，如演讲比赛，英语角和课堂交谈。根据“such as speech competitions, English corners and class talking”和首字母提示可知，开口说话，此处需要复数，mouths符合句意；故填(m)ouths。
108．句意：在你的空闲时间，你应该多练习。根据首字母提示可知，是多练习，情态动词后接动词原形，practise/practice符合句意；故填(p)ractise/(p)ractice。
109．句意：当你在公共场合讲话时，只要让自己放松，想象你在和任何人说话，把你的想法讲清楚。根据“ imagine you’re talking to nobody and speak up your ideas clearly”和首字母提示可知，让自己放松，relax/relaxed均符合句意；故填(r)elax/(r)elaxed。
110．句意：这会让你在公开演讲中表现得很好，你会感到自信/舒服/冷静。根据首字母提示可知，多练习，就会慢慢感到自信/舒服/冷静；confident/comfortable/calm/cool符合句意；故填(c)onfident/(c)omfortable/(c)alm/(c)ool。
（2022春·天津滨海新·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
A teacher once told each of her students to bring an empty (空的) bag and a large bag of potatoes to school. The teacher asked them i____111____ there was someone in their lives that they didn’t want to forgive (原谅). A____112____ everyone said “Yes”. Then the teacher let them choose a potato, write the name of that person and the date o____113____ it, and then put it in the bag. Some of their bags were quite h____114____.
The teacher told her students to c____115____ these bags with them everywhere for one week, putting them beside their b____116____ at night and next to their desks at study.
As they carried the bags around with them, they could know how heavy they were carrying, and how hard they needed to pay a____117____ all the time. Of course, the potatoes were rotten (腐烂的) soon and s____118____ terrible.
This is the s____119____ as the price we pay for keeping our unhappiness with us! So forgiving others is not only a gift for them, but also a very good gift for o_____120_____.

【答案】
111．(i)f 112．(A)lmost 113．(o)n 114．(h)eavy 115．(c)arry 116．(b)eds 117．(a)ttention 118．(s)melled/(s)melt 119．(s)ame 120．(o)urselves

【导语】本文主要讲述了一个老师通过马铃薯教学生了一个道理，要学会宽容和谅解。
111．句意：老师问他们生活中是否有不想原谅的人。根据“The teacher asked them”和“there was someone in their lives that they didn’t want to forgive”可知，此处指老师问学生是否有不想原谅的人，if“是否”，故填(i)f。
112．句意：几乎每个人都说“是的”。根据“everyone said “Yes”并结合所给单词首字母可知，此处指几乎每个人都有不想原谅的人，almost意为“几乎”，故填(A)lmost。
113．句意：然后老师让他们选一个土豆，写上那个人的名字和日期，然后把它放在袋子里。根据“write the name of that person and the date”可知，此处指在土豆上写上那个人的名字和日期，on“在……上”，故填(o)n。
114．句意：他们的一些袋子很重。根据“Some of their bags were quite”可知，此处指袋子很重，heavy“重的”，故填(h)eavy。
115．句意：老师告诉她的学生到任何地方都带着这些袋子一个星期。根据“these bags with them everywhere for one week”可知，老师告诉学生带着袋子，carry“携带”，故填(c)arry。
116．句意：：老师告诉她的学生到任何地方都带着这些袋子一个星期，晚上把它们放在床边，在书房放在书桌旁。根据“at night”可知，此处指晚上把袋子放在床边，由“their”可知，空缺处用bed“床”的复数beds，故填(b)eds。
117．句意：当他们随身携带袋子时，他们可以知道自己携带的东西有多重，以及他们需要多么努力地时刻保持注意力。根据“how hard they needed to pay”可知，此处指一直注意袋子，pay attention to“注意”，故填(a)ttention。
118．句意：当然，土豆很快就腐烂了，闻起来很难闻。根据“the potatoes were rotten (腐烂的) soon”可知，土豆闻起来很糟糕，时态是一般过去时，所以用动词smell“闻起来”的过去式smelled/smelt，故填(s)melled/(s)melt。
119．句意：这与我们为保持不快乐所付出的代价是一样的！根据“as the price we pay for keeping our unhappiness with us”可知，此处指与不快乐付出的代价一样，the same as“和……一样”，故填(s)ame。
120．句意：所以原谅别人不仅是给他们的礼物，也是给我们自己的好礼物。根据“So forgiving others is not only a gift for them, but also a very good gift”可知，原谅别人也是给我们自己的礼物，ourselves“我们自己”，故填(o)urselves。
（2022春·天津西青·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
Hello, everyone! I’m glad to tell you s___121___ about my life as an exchange student（交换生）in Russia last year.
I stayed with a home stay family i___122___ a small town. The families were very friendly. They planned a lot of activities for me in my free time so t___123___ I wouldn’t miss home.
H___124___, life in Russia was not easy for m___125___. My main problem was the language. It was hard for me to understand much in the first few weeks b___126___ everyone spoke so fast. Another p___127___ was the food. My home stay family always had bread and potatoes, but I missed Chinese food a lot, e___128___ jiaozi.
Anyway, it was an exciting and valuable year for me, I understood more about Russian culture. My Russian friends asked me plenty of questions about life in China. And this made me think about my own c___129___ as well. Now I am back in China, but I still r ___130___ the life in Russia.

【答案】
121．(s)omething 122．(i)n 123．(t)hat 124．(H)owever 125．(m)e 126．(b)ecause 127．(p)roblem 128．(e)specially 129．(c)ulture 130．(r)emember

【导语】本文主要介绍了作者去年去俄罗斯做交换生的生活。
121．句意：我很高兴告诉你我去年在俄罗斯做交换生的生活。根据“tell you...about my life as an exchange student”以及首字母可知是讲述一些去做交换生的生活，something“一些事”符合语境。故填(s)omething。
122．句意：我住在一个小镇的寄宿家庭。根据“a small town”以及首字母可知是在一个小镇，介词用in。故填(i)n。
123．句意：他们在我的空闲时间为我安排了很多活动，这样我就不会想家了。根据“They planned a lot of activities for me in my free time so...I wouldn’t miss home”以及首字母可知此处是“so that目的是”引导的目的状语从句。故填(t)hat。
124．句意：然而，在俄罗斯的生活对我来说并不容易。根据“life in Russia was not easy”以及首字母可知此处表示转折，用however。故填(H)owever。
125．句意：然而，在俄罗斯的生活对我来说并不容易。根据“life in Russia was not easy for”以及首字母可知俄罗斯的生活对我来说不容易，作介词宾语用宾格me“我”。故填(m)e。
126．句意：在最初的几周里，我很难理解很多东西，因为每个人都说得太快了。根据“It was hard for me to understand much in the first few weeks...everyone spoke so fast”以及首字母可知前后两句是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。
127．句意：另一个问题是食物。根据“My home stay family always had bread and potatoes, but I missed Chinese food a lot”以及首字母可知食物也是一个问题，another后加名词单数problem“问题”。故填(p)roblem。
128．句意：我的寄宿家庭总是吃面包和土豆，但我很想念中国菜，尤其是饺子。根据“but I missed Chinese food a lot...jiaozi”以及首字母可知此处指尤其想念饺子，用副词especially“尤其”。故填(e)specially。
129．句意：这也让我想到了我自己的文化。根据“My Russian friends asked me plenty of questions about life in China. And this made me think about my own”以及首字母可知俄罗斯朋友问我关于中国生活的问题，这让作者想起了自己的文化，culture“文化”，此处用名词单数。故填(c)ulture。
130．句意：现在我回到了中国，但我仍然记得在俄罗斯的生活。根据“Now I am back in China, but I still...the life in Russia”以及首字母可知虽然回到了中国，但仍然记得在俄罗斯的生活，remember“记得”，此处用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用原形。故填(r)emember。
（2022春·江苏南通·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
With nothing but her small boat for company (作伴), a British lawyer (律师), Victoria Evans, fought a____131____ high winds and big waves at sea. She s____132____ rowed across the Atlantic Ocean (大西洋) alone. Her adventure (冒险) has set a new world record!
Victoria had never rowed before she took on this challenge (挑战). Three years ago, she had the idea to encourage (鼓励) more females to become a____133____ in sports. After that, she started to practise rowing more than ten hours a day. She then continued to p____134____ for sailing on the ocean.
The 35-year-old started her race from a Spanish island on February 11. D____135____ the trip, high winds made rowing very difficult. At one point, a wave locked the cabin (door from the inside). It took Victoria three hours to open the lock with a knife. Still, she got over all these difficulties. This b____136____ woman completed more than 4,700 kilometers of rowing in 40 days and 19 hours.
Victoria’s adventure r____137____ 24,000 pounds for a charity called Women in Sport. This charity works to give every female the c____138____ to take part in sports.
“Actions speak l____139____ than words,” the lawyer said in a later i____140____, “I wants use this experience to show people one thing: You are able to do anything you set your mind to!”

【答案】
131．(a)gainst 132．(s)uccessfully 133．(a)ctive 134．(p)repare 135．(D)uring 136．(b)rave 137．(r)aised 138．(c)hance 139．(l)ouder 140．(i)nterview

【导语】本文讲述了英国律师维多利亚·埃文斯独立穿越大西洋，创造了新的世界纪录，通过她的经历主要是鼓励更多的女性参与运动，同时也从她的经历中得出一个道理：只要你下定决心，你就能做任何事！
131．句意：英国律师维多利亚·埃文斯只带着她的小船，在海上与狂风大浪搏斗。根据“high winds and big waves at sea”及首字母提示可知，此处表示小船与大风大浪搏斗，是fight against“与……作斗争”，故填(a)gainst。
132．句意：她独自一人成功地划过大西洋。根据“rowed across the Atlantic Ocean alone. Her adventure has set a new world record!”及首字母提示可知，她成功地穿过了大西洋，修饰动词用副词，故填(s)uccessfully。
133．句意：三年前，她有了鼓励更多女性积极参与体育运动的想法。根据“had the idea to encourage more females to become...in sports”及首字母提示可知，是鼓励女性积极参与运动，active“积极的”，是形容词，故填(a)ctive。
134．句意：然后她继续准备在海上航行。根据“for sailing on the ocean.”及首字母提示可知，她继续做准备，此处是prepare for“为……准备”，故填(p)repare。
135．句意：在旅途中，大风使划船变得非常困难。根据“the trip, high winds made rowing very difficult”及首字母提示可知，此处说的是在旅行期间，during“在……期间”符合，故填(D)uring。
136．句意：这位勇敢的女子在40天19小时内完成了4700多公里的划船。根据“rowed across the Atlantic Ocean alone. Her adventure has set a new world record!”及首字母提示可知，这位女子是勇敢的，故填(b)rave。
137．句意：维多利亚的冒险为一个名为“运动中的女性”的慈善机构筹集了24000英镑。根据“24,000 pounds for a charity called Women in Sport. This charity...”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“筹钱”，raise money“筹钱”，描述的动作已完成，应用一般过去时，故填(r)aised。
138．句意：这个慈善机构致力于让每一位女性都有机会参加体育活动。根据“give every female the...to take part in sports.”及首字母提示可知，慈善机构给了每一位女性运动的机会，故填(c)hance。
139．句意：事实胜于雄辩。根据“Actions speak...than words”及首字母提示可知，此处是习语“Actions speak louder than words”，表示“事实胜于雄辩”，故填(l)ouder。
140．句意：这位律师在随后的采访中说。根据“I wants use this experience to show people one thing: You are able to do anything you set your mind to!”及首字母提示可知，这是这位女性在采访中的话，此处指的是“采访”，故填(i)nterview。
（2022春·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末）What is UNICEF? UNICEF is part of the United Nations. It was s____141____ up in Europe in 1946, after World War II. At that time, m____142____ children’s lives were changed because of the war, and UNICEF wanted to help them. Now UNICEF works in over 190 c____143____ and areas. It helps governments, communities and families make the world a b____144____ place for children .
UNICEF wants all children to be h____145____, so it provides them with clean water and food, and tries to prevent them f____146____ getting illnesses. UNICEF believes that it is important for children to receive basic education, so it p____147____ basic education for children in poor areas. UNICEF keeps working for the equal rights of girls and women. It also w____148____ to prevent the spread of some serious diseases. UNICEF r____149____ money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities. People can s____150____ it by donating money or working as volunteers.

【答案】
141．(s)et 142．(m)any 143．(c)ountries 144．(b)etter 145．(h)ealthy 146．(f)rom 147．(p)rovides 148．(w)orks 149．(r)aises 150．(s)upport

【导语】本文主要介绍了联合国儿童基金会对儿童生活和教育方面的影响，并建议我们做一些志愿者工作。
141．句意：1946年，第二次世界大战后，该组织在欧洲成立。根据“It was ... up in Europe in 1946”及首字母可知，此处指set up“成立”，was后跟过去分词构成一般过去时的被动语态，故填(s)et。
142．句意：当时，许多儿童的生活因为战争而改变，联合国儿童基金会想要帮助他们。根据“children’s lives”及首字母可知，此处指“许多”many，后跟可数名词复数形式。故填(m)any。
143．句意：目前联合国儿童基金会在190多个国家和地区开展工作。根据“and areas”及首字母可知，此处指“国家”country，190后跟名词复数形式。故填(c)ountries。
144．句意：它帮助政府、社区和家庭为儿童创造一个更美好的世界。根据“ It helps governments, communities and families make the world a ... place for children .”及上文“许多孩子的生活因为战争而改变”可知，句中暗含比较之意，指的是创造更美好的世界，结合首字母，better符合语境。故填(b)etter。
145．句意：联合国儿童基金会希望所有的孩子都健康，所以它为他们提供干净的水和食物，并努力防止他们生病。根据“so it provides them with clean water and food, and tries to prevent them ...getting illnesses”可知，提供干净的水和食物是为了防止他们生病，所以此处指希望他们健康，空处用形容词healthy“健康的”作表语，故填(h)ealthy。
146．句意：联合国儿童基金会希望所有的孩子都健康，所以它为他们提供干净的水和食物，并努力防止他们生病。prevent...from...“防止”，固定短语。故填(f)rom。
147．句意：联合国儿童基金会认为儿童接受基础教育很重要，因此它为贫困地区的儿童提供基础教育。provide sth for sb“为某人提供某物”，主语是it，结合“ believes that it is ”可知，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用三单形式，故填(p)rovides。
148．句意：它还致力于防止一些严重疾病的传播。根据“UNICEF keeps working for...”和“also ”及首字母可知，此处指work“工作”，主语是it，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用三单形式。故填(w)orks。
149．句意：联合国儿童基金会通过出售圣诞卡和组织其他活动筹钱。根据“money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other activities.”及首字母可知，此处指“筹钱”raise money，主语是UNICEF，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用用三单形式。故填(r)aises。
150．句意：人们可以通过捐款或做志愿者来支持它。根据“it by donating money or working as volunteers”及首字母可知，通过捐款或做志愿者的方式是来支持它，support“支持”，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填(s)upport。
（2022春·湖北武汉·八年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。
    Alex and his friend Claudia were on their way to the library. When they passed by Greenwood Park, the swings (秋千) brought back m_____151_____ of their childhood spent there. But now everything looked so old and dirty. Rubbish l_____152_____ on the ground next to an overturned rubbish bin. A little boy there told them that the city took the other rubbish bins away and the remaining one never got emptied (空的) often.
    In the library, they came across Mrs. Allen, their kind teacher. She e_____153_____ them to go to the City Hall to voice their thoughts. The next day, Claudia and Alex went to the City Hall but met an impatient officer. He explained that the city couldn’t help with their problem d_____154_____ to lack of money. Sadly, they left and turned to Mrs. Allen for help. Under her guide, they decided to ask Go Green, an organization which wants to protect the e_____155_____ for help. She promised to fix up a meeting for them to present their ideas to Go Green. Hearing this, their face l_____156_____ up.
    Two main jobs remained ahead: r_____157_____ ways to clean up the park and preparing a good presentation (演示). Claudia was good at discovering new facts and information w_____158_____ Alex always had a talent for speaking. They worked together quite well. Claudia learned from a science magazine that a new kind of rubbish bin which can s_____159_____ time, money and energy. Then Alex practiced his presentation over and over again. A week later, it was time to present! After the meeting, Claudia told Alex with e______160______ that Go Green agreed to buy new rubbish bins for the park! Alex and Claudia have never been so proud of themselves.

【答案】
151．(m)emories 152．(l)ay 153．(e)ncouraged 154．(d)ue 155．(e)nvironment 156．(l)it 157．(r)esearching 158．(w)hile 159．(s)ave 160．(e)xcitement

【导语】本文主要讲述了Alex和Claudia无意中看到小时候玩耍的公园变得又旧又脏，于是努力通过寻求各方帮助把公园变干净的故事。
151．句意：当他们经过Greenwood公园的时候，秋千让他们想起了在那里度过的童年记忆。根据动词短语“brought back”和“their childhood spent there”结合首字母可知此处应是唤起了“记忆”，用名词memory；此处表示对于同年时期的记忆，应为复数。故填(m)emories。
152．句意：垃圾堆在一个倾倒的垃圾桶旁边的地面上。根据主语“Rubbish”和后面搭配的“on the ground”结合首字母可知此处应表示垃圾“放置”在地面上，因此用动词lie，根据前文时态可知，此处也应用一般过去时，因此用lie的过去式lay。故填(l)ay。
153．句意：她鼓励他们去市政府说出他们的想法。根据句意和后面搭配的动词不定式结合首字母可知，此处应用动词encourage，根据上文可知此句也是一般过去时，因此用过去式encouraged。故填(e)ncouraged。
154．句意：他解释到城市因为缺钱不能帮他们解决这个问题。根据句子语境可知“lack of money”应是不能帮他们解决问题的原因，结合首字母可知此处用短语“due to”表示“因为”。故填(d)ue。
155．句意：在她的指导下，他们决定找“Go Green”，一个想保护环境的组织，寻求帮助。根据组织名字及搭配的动词“protect”结合首字母可知此处应是名词“环境”，为“environment”，是不可数名词。故填(e)nvironment。
156．句意：听到这个消息，他们才面露喜色。根据上文语境及主语“their face”结合首字母可知此处应用短语“light up”表示“面露喜色”，根据全文时态可知此处应用一般过去时，因此用light的过去式lit。故填(l)it。
157．句意：还有两项主要工作要做：研究把公园打扫干净的方法和准备一个好的演示。根据搭配的宾语“ways”结合首字母可知，此处应用动词research，根据并列结构后的“preparing”可知，此处也用动名词形式researching。故填(r)esearching。
158．句意：Claudia擅长发现新的事实和信息而Alex有演讲的天赋。此空前后句是两者对比关系，结合首字母可知应填连词while。故填(w)hile。
159．句意：Claudia从一本科学杂志上了解到有一种新的垃圾桶可以节约时间、金钱和能源。根据搭配的宾语“time, money and energy”结合首字母可知此处应用动词save，save位于情态动词can后面，因此用原形即可。故填(s)ave。
160．句意：会议后，Claudia兴奋地告诉Alex“Go Green”同意了给公园买新的垃圾桶。根据“Go Green agreed to buy new rubbish bins for the park”结合首字母可推断此处应表示“兴奋地”，用短语“with excitement”。故填(e)xcitement。
（2022秋·天津西青·八年级统考期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
There are many things that you should be careful with when you are alone at home. Listen to the following solutions (方法) to p___161___ yourself.
K___162___ the door locked (锁) when you are alone at home. Many people think it’s the b___163___ way to protect themselves.
Keep a list of p___164___ numbers to call for h___165___ such as 110, the police station or a neighbor’s number.
Be c___166___ with the electrical appliances (电器). If you don’t know h___167___ to use them, ask your parents. Make a safety check b___168___ going to sleep.
Look t___169___ the keyhole when you hear do doorbell. If there are strangers, ask “Who’s that” with the door locked and say “Come back late.” D_____170_____ tell them that your parents are away. Say “Mum’s having a shower.” or “Dad’s having a sleep.”

【答案】
161．(p)rotect 162．(K)eep 163．(b)est 164．(p)hone 165．(h)elp 166．(c)areful 167．(h)ow 168．(b)efore 169．(t)hrough 170．(D)on’t

【导语】本文主要讲述了独自在家时如何保护自己。
161．句意：听从下列保护自己的方法。根据“There are many things that you should be careful with when you are alone at home.”及首字母可知，此处是指独自在家保护自己的方法，protect“保护”，to为不定式符号，后跟动词原形。故填(p)rotect。
162．句意：独自在家的时候把门锁好。根据“the door locked”结合首字母提示可知，此处用keep表示“保持”，keep sth.+形容词“使某物保持某种状态”，本句为祈使句，动词用原形。故填(K)eep。
163．句意：很多人认为这是保护自己最好的方法。根据“the ... way to protect themselves.”可知，the后跟形容词最高级，结合首字母可知，此处用best表示“最好的”。故填(b)est。
164．句意：列一个求助的电话号码的清单，例如报警电话110或邻居的号码。根据“such as 110, the police station or a neighbor’s number.”可知，此处是指电话号码清单，phone number“电话号码”，名词作定语。故填(p)hone。
165．句意：列一个求助的电话号码的清单，例如报警电话110或邻居的号码。根据“such as 110, the police station or a neighbor’s number.”可知，此处是指求助。call for help“求助”， 固定短语。故填(h)elp。
166．句意：当心电器。be careful with“当心”，形容词短语。故填(c)areful。
167．句意：如果你不知道怎样使用它们，问你的父母。根据“If you don’t know ... to use them”可知，此处是指如何使用，how“如何”。故填(h)ow。
168．句意：睡觉前做一次安全检查。根据“Make a safety check ... going to sleep.”可知，指在睡觉前做一次安全检查，before“在……之前”。故填(b)efore。
169．句意：听到门铃响的时候通过钥匙孔查看。根据“when you hear do doorbell.”可知，应从钥匙孔查看，由首字母可知，用through表示“穿过”。故填(t)hrough。
170．句意：不要告诉他们你的父母不在家。根据“Say ‘Mum’s having a shower.’ or ‘Dad’s having a sleep.’”可知，此处是指不要告诉他们父母不在家，否定祈使句用don’t开头。故填(D)on’t。
（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级景山中学校考期末）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容和所给首字母，在空格内填入一个适当的词，使短文意思完整。

Welcome back home! On Sept 25, Huawei’s Chief Financial Officer MengWanzhou, 49, a___171___ in Shenzhen, Guangdong, after being illegally (非法地) held for n___172___ three years in Canada, Xinhua reported.
“A___173___ more than 1,000 days of suffering, I finally returned to the motherland,” Meng said after she got off the plane. She described the motherland, the Party and the government as the s___174___ light that led her on the long journey home.
On Dec 1, 2018, Meng was held in Canada b___175___ the US charged her with fraud (欺诈). The US wanted to take her to the US for trial (审讯). Meng pleaded not guilty (不认罪) to the charge and finally was f___176___ to leave Canada on Sept 24 local time.
“This is a political (政治的) case trying to break Chinese high-tech companies,” Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying s___177___ on Sept 25. Meng’s safe return s___178___ that the Chinese government has the will and ability to protect the rights of Chinese people and companies, according to Hua.
“A strong China u___179___ the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China will always be the strong backing of each one of us,” said Hua. She a____180____ that China’s development will not be stopped by any force.

【答案】
171．(a)rrived 172．(n)early 173．(A)fter 174．(s)hiny 175．(b)ecause 176．(f)ree 177．(s)aid 178．(s)hows 179．(u)nder 180．(a)dded

【导语】本文主要讲述了华为首席财务官孟晚舟，在加拿大被非法拘留了近三年后，在中国政府的帮助下回到了国内。
171．句意：据新华社报道，9月25日，49岁的华为首席财务官孟晚舟抵达广东深圳，此前她在加拿大被非法关押了近3年。arrive in“到达”，为固定短语，结合语境可知句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(a)rrived。

172．句意：据新华社报道，9月25日，49岁的华为首席财务官孟晚舟抵达广东深圳，此前她在加拿大被非法关押了近3年。根据“after being illegally (非法地) held for n...three years”可知是指非法关押了接近三年，nearly“几乎”，副词，故填(n)early。
173．句意：经过1000多天的煎熬，我终于回到了祖国。根据“A...more than 1,000 days of suffering”可知是经过1000多天的煎熬，after“在……之后”。故填(A)fter。
174．句意：她把祖国、党和政府描述为带领她踏上漫漫归途的闪亮光芒。根据“described the motherland, the Party and the government as the s...light that led her on the long journey home.”可知孟晚舟把祖国、党和政府描述为带领她踏上漫漫归途的闪亮光芒，shiny“闪亮的”，形容词作定语，故填(s)hiny。
175．句意：2018年12月1日，孟在加拿大被拘留，因为美国指控她犯有欺诈罪。分析语境可知前后是因果关系，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause。
176．句意：孟对指控拒不认罪，最终于当地时间9月24日被释放离开加拿大。根据“Meng pleaded not guilty (不认罪) to the charge and finally was f...to leave Canada on Sept 24 local time.”可知是指孟晚舟被释放了，自由了，free“自由的”，形容词，故填(f)ree。
177．句意：9月25日，外交部发言人华春莹表示：“这是一起企图破坏中国高科技企业的政治案件。”根据“This is a political (政治的) case trying to break Chinese high-tech companies”可知这是华春莹所说的话，say“说”，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(s)aid。
178．句意：华春莹表示，孟的安全返回表明中国政府有意愿和能力保护中国人民和企业的权利。根据“Meng’s safe return s...that the Chinese government has the will and ability to protect the rights of Chinese people and companies, according to Hua.”可知孟晚舟的安全回归，这表明了中国政府有意愿和能力保护中国人民和企业的权利。show“展示”，是动词，此句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填(s)hows。
179．句意：华春莹说：“在中国共产党的坚强领导下，一个强大的中国永远是我们每个人的坚强后盾。”根据“A strong China u...the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China”可知是指在中国共产党的坚强领导下，under“在……之下”，是介词，故填(u)nder。
180．句意：她补充说，中国的发展不会被任何力量阻挡。根据“ She a...that China’s development will not be stopped by any force.”结合语境可知，这是华春莹的补充，add“补充”，是动词，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(a)dded。
（2022春·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）B）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
The people were scared. They threw rocks at it and attacked it with pitchforks. When they had killed it, they used a horse to drag it away into a field.
M____181____ you wouldn’t do any of those things if you saw a hot-air balloon landing near your home. But back in 1783, very f____182____ people had ever seen such a thing.
Ballooning started with Joseph Montgolfier, who was not the type of person you’d expected to be an inventor. He didn’t like school and ran away from home as a teenager. As a grownup, he failed in business. He was very u____183____ his younger brother, Etienne, who was responsible and successful. But when Joseph started reading on his own, he discovered that he loved science and experiments. A lot of good science starts with s____184____ paying attention and thinking about what you’ve seen. Joseph made a common observation and then did something amazing with it.
Joseph noticed that hot air rises. He a____185____ noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it. If you’ve ever watched bits of ash（灰）rising with the smoke from a fire, you’ve seen it too. He wondered, what if I f____186____ a cloth bag with hot air? Would the rising air 1____187____ the bag? Only one way to find out!
Of course, bags filled with hot air r____188____ up. Soon, Joseph and Etienne were making larger and larger cloth bags, which they called balloons, the French word for the ball. They held public demonstrations, filling the balloons over a fire pit and l____189____ them go. The balloons went up and then came d______190______ as the air inside cooled off. Soon all the people in the Montgolfier’s hometown of Annonay were talking about balloons. Next, the brothers went to the great city of Paris to show off their new invention.

【答案】
181．(M)aybe 182．(f)ew 183．(u)nlike 184．(s)imply 185．(a)lso 186．(f)illed 187．(l)ift 188．(r)ose 189．(l)etting 190．(d)own

【导语】本文讲述了约瑟夫·蒙戈尔发明热气球的具体过程以及热气球的原理。
181．句意：如果你看到一个热气球在你家附近降落，也许你不会做这些事情。根据后文“you wouldn’t do any of those things”可推断，这里表示“可能你不会”，结合首字母可知，这里应用“maybe”表达“可能”（位于句首开头字母大写）。故填(M)aybe。
182．句意：但是在1783年，很少有人见过这样的东西。结合前后文“But back in 1783”“people had ever seen such a thing.”可知，这里表示1978年的人没见过热气球这种东西，故此句为否定句，由“people”和首字母可推断此处应考查“few”表示“几乎没有”来修饰“people”。故填(f)ew。
183．句意：他非常不像他的弟弟艾蒂安，一个负责任的成功人士。根据前文“Ballooning started with Joseph Montgolfier, who was not the type of person you’d expected to be an inventor. He didn’t like school and ran away from home as a teenager.”及后文“who was responsible and successful”可知这里表达约瑟夫·蒙戈尔跟弟弟艾蒂安完全不像，故填(u)nlike。
184．句意：许多好的科学都是从简单地关注和思考你所看到的开始的。由“Joseph made a common observation and then did something amazing with it.”可知约瑟夫通过简单观察却做出不平凡的事，故推断空内表达“简单观察”，这里需要副词修饰动词短语“paying attention”，结合首字母可知，应用simply。故填(s)imply。
185．句意：他还注意到上升的热空气可以携带固体物体。根据前文“Joseph noticed that hot air rises”及后文“noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it.”可知本句表达“注意到……还注意到……”，结合首字母可知这里考查“also”表示“也”。故填(a)lso
186．句意：他想知道，如果我用热空气装满一个布袋会怎么样？由前文“Joseph noticed that hot air rises”及后文“noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it.”可知约瑟夫发现空气加热可以携带固体，由后文“a cloth bag with hot air?”可推断此处表达“如果我用热空气装满一个布袋会怎么样”fill with“装满，充满”，时态为一般过去时，故填(f)illed。
187．句意：上升的空气会提起袋子吗？根据前文“Joseph noticed that hot air rises”及后文“noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it.”可知约瑟夫发现空气加热可以携带固体，这里表示猜测“空气上升时会提起袋子吗？”，结合首字母可知此处考查“lift”表示“抬起，升高”。故填(l)ift。
188．句意：当然，充满热空气的袋子会上升。由前文“Would the rising air lift the bag? ”可知，当时的约瑟夫好奇它会不会上升，而由“Of course,”可断定“充满空气的袋子当然会上升”，结合首字母可知此处考查“rise”表达“上升”，时态为一般过去时，故填(r)ose。
189．句意：他们举行公开演示，将气球置于在火坑上填充，然后放飞。根据前文“filling the balloons over a fire pit and”可知此处表达“让气球飞起来”，结合首字母可知这里考查“let”表示“让”，由“and”前的“filling”可推断填空处与其并列，应用动名词。故填(l)etting。
190．句意：气球上升，然后随着里面的空气冷却下来。由“as the air inside cooled off. ”可推断当气球里面的空气冷却下来时，气球会降落下来，come down“下降”。故填(d)own。
（2022春·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）
With the increasing population and cars, many countries w___191___ their fuel or petrol (汽油) will run out soon, so fuel price has risen up to n___192___ 10 yuan per litre (升). As a result, the cost of running a petrol-based car becomes higher and higher.
    Have you ever thought of b___193___ an electric (电) car? Now it’s clear that we all need to act on our empty wallet as well as s___194___ climate (气候) change, however, will people really be ready to make changes in their lives? Can we really make our e___195___ greener than it is now?
If you want to buy an electric car,which would you like? That is a question. It all d___196___ on your personal taste. On May 28, 2022, so many Electronic smart cars made by Chinese auto companies s___197___ at Greater Bay Area Auto Show in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, which caught lots of young people’s eyes.
However, Electric cars aren’t perfect just yet. It may t___198___ eight hours or more to charge (充电) a car for only 300 km of driving. Many people think it a waste of time. Price is a problem, too. Electric cars cost much. The good news is that electric-car technology (技术) is getting better. As it does, the prices of this kind of cars are going down.
In order to charge the car more easily, our Chinese government is trying to build more charging stations around the country. And it will be a good c___199___ to work out the problem of charging on a long-distance trip.
Because of better batteries (电池), last month (in May, 2022), 51.2% of all new car registrations (登记) were electric cars. Among them, Chinese auto companies made a great contribution (贡献). So the change is starting to happen. It is safe to say that Chinese auto industry is overtaking in the corner.
Now car-makers are looking for other ways to make the car cheaper. Then more people will use electric cars and we will have a clean and green world in the near f_____200_____. Maybe, you can give them an opportunity, especially those made in China.

【答案】
191．(w)orry 192．(n)early 193．(b)uying 194．(s)erious 195．(e)nvironment/(e)arth 196．(d)epends 197．(s)hone 198．(t)ake 199．(c)hance 200．(f)uture

【导语】本文主要讲述了电动汽车的使用会成为一种趋势以及其优势。
191．句意：随着人口和汽车的增加，许多国家担心它们的燃料或汽油很快就会用完，因此燃料价格已经上涨到每升近10元。根据“many countries...their fuel or petrol (汽油) will run out soon,”和首字母可知，此处是指担心燃料或汽油用完。worry“担心”，动词；再根据“the cost of running a petrol-based car becomes”可知，本句描述一个客观事实，需用一般现在时。主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(w)orry。
192．句意：随着人口和汽车的增加，许多国家担心它们的燃料或汽油很快就会用完，因此燃料价格已经上涨到每升近10元。根据“fuel price has risen up to...10 yuan per litre”和首字母可知，此处是指燃油价格已涨到每升近10元。nearly“几乎”，副词。故填(n)early。
193．句意：你有没有想过买一辆电动汽车？根据“If you want to buy an electric car”可知，此处是指买一辆电动汽车。buy“买”，动词；又因空前有介词“of”，其后跟动名词形式。故填(b)uying。
194．句意：现在很明显，我们都需要对我们的空钱包以及严重的气候变化采取行动。根据“make our...greener than it is now?”和首字母可知，此处是指此处是指严重的气候变化。serious“严重的”，形容词作定语。故填(s)erious。
195．句意：我们真的可以让我们的环境/地球比现在更环保吗？根据“Can we really make our...greener than it is now?”和常识可知，燃油汽车对环境/地球不环保。所以此处是指使用电动汽车可以让环境/地球比现在更环保吗。environment“环境”/earth“地球”，名词。故填(e)nvironment/(e)arth。
196．句意：这完全取决于您的个人品味。固定短语depend on“取决于”；本句是一般现在时，且主语“It”是单数，动词用三单形式。故填(d)epends。
197．句意：2022年5月28日，众多中国车企打造的智能电动汽车在广东深圳大湾区车展上大放异彩，吸引了众多年轻人的目光。根据“so many Electronic smart cars made by Chinese auto companies...at Greater Bay Area Auto Show in Shenzhen”和首字母可知，此处是指智能电动汽车在车展上大放异彩。固定短语shine at sth.“表现出色”；再根据“caught lots of young people’s eyes.”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词需用过去式shone。故填(s)hone。
198．句意：充电300公里，可能需要8小时甚至更长时间。根据“It may...eight hours or more to charge (充电) a car for only 300 km of driving.”和备选词可知，“take”符合语境，意为花费时间。故填(t)ake。
199．句意：这将是一个解决长途旅行充电问题的好机会。根据“it will be a good...to work out the problem of charging on a long-distance trip.”和首字母可知，此处是指解决问题的好机会。固定句型it’s a good chance to do sth.“这是做某事的好机会”。故填(c)hance。
200．句意：然后更多的人将使用电动汽车，我们将在不久的将来拥有一个清洁绿色的世界。根据“we will have a clean and green world in the near...”可知，本句是一般将来时，此处future“将来”符合语境，固定短语in the future“在将来”。故填(f)uture。