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贵州省遵义市部分高中2022-2023学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题
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这是一份贵州省遵义市部分高中2022-2023学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题，共17页。
2022～2023学年下学期高二期中考试试卷
英语
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15.
答案是C。
1．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Doctor and patient. B．Professor and student. C. Fellow workers.
2．Where does the man want to go?
A．To the Donghu Park. B．To the History Museum. C. To the City Library.
3．Why does the woman prefer to go to Shanghai by car?
A．It is convenient. B．It is cheap. C．It is fast.
4．How many words does the man learn each week?
A．Fifteen. B．Ten. C．Six.
5．What are the speakers talking about?
A．A classmate. B．A workmate. C．A neighbor.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When did the woman start to play the piano?
A．At 5 years old. B．At 11 years old. C．At 16 years old.
7．Why did the man play a lot of sports?
A．He never liked the guitar.
B．He preferred playing sports.
C．He didn’t have an instrument.
听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。
8．Why is the woman flying to New York?
A．To give a report. B．To meet a customer. C．To attend an exhibition.
9．Where will Paul go first?
A．The coffee shop. B．The home office. C．Mr. Smith’s house.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Where is the man going to have dinner on Friday night?
A．At a restaurant. B．At his sister’s place. C．At his mother’s place.
11．When did the man’s sister move out?
A．During high school.
B．Right after high school.
C．In her second year of college.
12．How often does the man usually see his sister?
A．About once a week. B．About once a month. C．About once a year.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．In which year did the man start to volunteer?
A．2014. B．2020. C．2015.
14．What is the reason for the man to choose to volunteer after retirement?
A．Putting his experience and knowledge to use.
B．Finding a good way to kill time.
C．Developing a new hobby.
15．What volunteer job is the man doing now?
A．Being a guide.
B．Offering food to the homeless.
C．Teaching in local schools.
16．What does the man gain from volunteering?
A．A sense of purpose. B．Free education. C．Love for life.
听第10段材料，回答第l7至20题。
17．What might the speaker be?
A．A resident. B．A fire fighter. C．A news reporter.
18．Where did the fire start?
A．From a park.
B．From a store.
C．From an apartment building.
19．When did the fire happen?
A．Early last night. B．Late last night. C．An hour ago.
20．How did the people of Battery Park sound?
A．Surprised. B．Calm. C．Frightened.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to La Tomatina!
La Tomatina is a food fight festival held on the last Wednesday of August each year in the town of Bunol near to Valencia in Spain. Thousands upon thousands of people make their way from all corners of the world to fight in this world’s biggest food fight festival where more than one hundred metric tons of tomatoes are thrown in the streets.
What Happens at La Tomatina
At around 11 am, many trucks transport tomatoes into the centre of the town, Plaza del Pueblo. The signal for the beginning of the fight is firing of water cannons (水炮). Once it begins, the battle is generally every man for himself.
The fight lasts for nearly two hours. The cleaning process includes the use of fire trucks to spray down the streets. The authorities seem more concerned with cleaning the town that is a mess than cleaning the visitors, so some people find water at the Bunol River to wash themselves.
The Rules of La Tomatina
•Don’t bring bottles or hard objects as they can cause accidents and hurt other participants.
•Don’t tear others’ T-shirts.
•You must crush (压碎) the tomatoes before throwing to reduce the impact.
•When you hear the second shot, no more tomatoes can be thrown, otherwise there will be fines.
Useful Advice
•Wear old clothes and shoes that you do not mind throwing away afterwards.
•Ensure you always have something clean to wipe your eyes with. You may find goggles (护目镜) useful.
•If you’re planning to take pictures, bring a waterproof camera!
•If you aren’t from Bunol, don’t forget to look for accommodation in advance.
Warning
Remember that you must have a ticket! No ticket, no entry. For more information about the official entry tickets, click here!
21．What are the participants supposed to do at La Tomatina?
A．Clean the streets. B．Wash themselves.
C．Fight through teamwork. D．Bring their own tomatoes.
22．What is forbidden during the festival event?
A．The use of hard objects. B．The fight between people.
C．The use of crushed tomatoes. D．The touch with others’ T-shirts.
23．What is a must for a person to join in La Tomatina?
A．Wearing clean and formal clothes. B．Checking in a hotel ahead of time.
C．Getting the admission to the event. D．Bringing a good waterproof camera.
B
Every day, there are 25.000 flights in America. Accidents are so rare that flying is much safer than car travel. But that doesn’t stop many people from panic when they are moving at 500 miles per hour, 33,000 feet above the ground. Not being at the controls makes us feel a bit helpless When the negative thoughts begin to swirl (打旋), even in a very safe place, we will suddenly feel panic.
That’s what happened recently to a woman flying on a commercial airline. Many of us can go along doing ordinary things and suddenly be overcome with fear. The physical symptoms are real, and it requires a calming force to steady our emotions. In panic mode, every sound and movement feels like a threat. The passengers responded accordingly, jumping at every sound and the slightest turbulence (骚乱).
Floyd Dean-Shannon noticed a woman’s distress. As a flight attendant, he has plenty to do daring a flight. But he stopped and spoke comfortingly to the woman. Floyd calmly explained what the noise was and that it was normal. As the woman began to calm down a bit, Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand. He told her she was safe. He made her feel safe. He sat with her through the entire flight. At one point, Floyd learned it was another passenger’s birthday, so he led the plane in a song to celebrate—another way of making the woman feel safe by distracting her from her fears. He stayed by the woman’s side until it was time to land.
We all have friends who become distressed, who over worry, who may struggle with some difficulties that keep them from enjoying life. Like Floyd, we can be open enough to see, and to be there. We don’t have to be professional counselors; we just need to be friends.
24．Why do some people feel fearful when on a flight?
A．They have a negative memory.
B．There are 25,000 flights at the same time.
C．There are more plane accidents than car accidents.
D．The speed and height make them feel helpless.
25．What does the underlined word “distress” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Worry. B．Anger. C．Surprise. D．Sorrow.
26．Which of the following words best describe Floyd?
A．Ambitious and determined. B．Patient and considerate.
C．Brave and sympathetic. D．Sensitive and modest.
27．What is the most suitable title for the text?
A．How should we deal with the sudden fear
B．Why do we suddenly feel scared when flying
C．Overcoming fear sometimes requires a patient friend
D．Airline travel is much safer than car travel in America
C
What if AI could interpret your imagination, turning images in your mind into reality? While that sounds like a detail in a science fiction, researchers have now accomplished exactly this. Researchers found that they could reconstruct highly accurate images from brain activity by using the popular stable diffusion (扩散) image generation model. The authors wrote that unlike previous studies, they didn’t need to train the AI models to create these images.
The researchers said that they first predicted a potential representation, which is a model of the image’s data, from fMRI (功能性磁共振成像) signals. Then, the model was processed and noise was added to it through the diffusion process. Finally, the researchers decoded (解码) text representations from fMRI signals and used them as input to produce a final constructed image.
The researchers wrote that a few studies have produced good reconstructions of images but it was only after training. This resulted in limitations because training complex models are challenging and there are not many samples to work with. Prior to this new study, no other researchers had tried using diffusion models for visual reconstruction.
In the past, we’ve seen other examples of how brainwaves and brain functions can create images. In 2014, a Shanghai-based artist Jody Xiong used sensors to connect sixteen people with disabilities to balloons of paint. The people would then use their thoughts to burst specific balloons and create their own paintings.
With the advancement of AI, more and more researchers have been testing the ways AI models can work with the human brain. In a January 2022 study, researchers at Radboud University in the Netherlands trained an AI network on fMRI data from 1,050 unique faces and converted the brain imaging results into actual images. The study found that the AI was able to perform reconstruction. In the latest study, the researchers found that current diffusion models can now achieve high-quality visual reconstruction.
28．How did researchers make images from brain activity in the previous research?
A．By using generation model. B．By training AI models.
C．By reconstructing mind. D．By predicting people’s imagination.
29．Where are images’ data from?
A．The processed model. B．The diffusion text.
C．The fMRI signals. D．The text representation.
30．Why do the researchers think their new study is meaningful?
A．Their training work is very challenging.
B．They’ve made training models less complex.
C．Nobody has reconstructed images by brainwaves.
D．They can reconstruct accurate images from brain activity.
31．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The AI helps a lot in good visual reconstruction.
B．Few researchers have used AI to make reconstruct images.
C．The AI models should be improved to work with fMRI data.
D．Scientists should do more to make high quality reconstruction.
D
Plastic waste is choking our planet. People are trying to help fix it by recycling, but their efforts aren’t going far enough. Even when plastic producers are held responsible and attempt to solve the problem, it doesn’t always go smoothly. Such has been the case for the company Torus Pak, which produces novel packaging for frozen meals on a large scale.
Like many other black plastic products, the Torus Pak packages used a carbon-based pigment (颜料). This pigment troubles the sorting technology which is used by many recycling facilities, so black plastic usually ends up being thrown away because the machines can’t identify it. Now the company is midway through the complex process of phasing out that pigment and switching that pigment to one that doesn’t use carbon.
But that doesn’t mean the problem is solved, for the recycling rate at the waste facility itself is not encouraging. Your discarded plastic may end up in a landfill even if you send it to be recycled. Worldwide, only about nine percent of all the plastic waste has been recycled, which amounts to less than 600 million tons out of over 6 billion. While one might assume the proportion of plastic being recycled is on the increase due to improved tech and increased public awareness of environmental protection, it’s actually become even lower in many places in recent years.
“The world wasn’t always flooded with single-use plastic products,” said Lisa Ramsden, senior plastic campaigner for Greenpeace USA. “We know how to live without them. We’ve just got used to a convenience culture that relies so heavily on them.”
The solution is obvious. To get out of this habit, we should stop using so much plastic, starting with many of the items we use just once for a few minutes. Companies need to shift toward using more refillable and reusable containers, and packaging made from materials that are less harmful to the environment. Governments must mandate (强制执行) such changes a goal we’re now finally inching closer to every day.
32．What is the problem with Torus Pak packages?
A．They are expensive for customers.
B．Their production process is complex.
C．Their pigment is hardly appealing.
D．They are hard to define recyclable.
33．What does the author mainly stress in paragraph 3?
A．The reason for recycling plastic waste.
B．The potential of recycling plastic waste.
C．The outcome of recycling plastic waste.
D．The objective of recycling plastic waste.
34．What is advised to solve the plastic pollution in the text?
A．Advancing recycling technology.
B．Reducing the use of plastic products.
C．Setting higher environmental goals.
D．Making some stricter relevant laws.
35．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Recycling fail, to solve plastic pollution.
B．A company contributes a lot to recycling.
C．Great changes happen in recycling plastic.
D．Plastic pollution is increasingly worsening.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项.
Studying is important for numerous reasons, and getting good marks is not the primary one. When it comes to studying chemistry, many students consider the field is not important enough to be explored. 36
Believe it or not, chemistry is part of our everyday life. We encounter numerous principles of chemistry without even realizing it. 37 Whenever you eat, drink, or even breathe air, certain chemical reactions occur in your body. And without chemistry, we would not be able to explain how these processes work.
38 Different tasks you complete when cooking involve various chemical reactions. Whether you are heating food, or mixing different ingredients (原料) together, you are observing various physical and chemical processes. Therefore, studying chemistry allows you to better understand how chemical processes work you cook food, enabling your cooking skills to the next level.
Product labels (标签) tell you everything you need to know. The part of the label that lists the ingredients is probably what you should be paying most attention to. But how do you know which ingredients are good and which not? 39 By studying chemistry, you can not only read but also understand product label, of everything you may need to use in life.
While experiments are usually conducted in labs, you can also perform some fun experiments at home. 40 As many of the household products you already own are made of certain chemicals, they can act as reagents (试剂) for the reactions. There are plenty of kid-friendly experiments that you can perform using the materials you already have.
A．The answer lies in chemistry.
B．However, the truth is the opposite.
C．Cooking itself is actually all about chemistry.
D．You can know how chemicals work as you cook it.
E．Many daily events are results of chemical reactions.
F．You may not realize how many chemicals you know.
G．And you do not even need special chemicals for that.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’m feeling pretty good right now, despite the fact that I suffered from dementia (痴呆) two years ago. I’ve always been 41 and this quality has benefited me a lot.
I joined the police force in 1978 when there were very few women in that 42 . I had been working hard to 43 that I was no worse than a man. That accounted for why it was difficult for me to 44 when my health changed.
I had three strokes (中风) in my 50s, which 45 memory problems. I still tried to work part-time, but I kept having 46 blanks about important things. There was a morning when I had to sit on my bed for 15 minutes as I just couldn’t remember how to get dressed. 47 , I was diagnosed (诊断) with dementia later in 2017. Hearing the news, I 48 and cried for almost three months. It felt like a death sentence.
Thinking back, this indicates exactly the way we used to talk about dementia. People 49 to think that when you have dementia, you become a person unable to 50 , sitting silent in a corner. Actually, this just isn’t the 51 . Changing the way people think about dementia is something that I’m 52 in.
I feel the only way that we can change the 53 opinion about dementia is that people affected by the condition speak out, and I made it. People are always 54 when I tell them I have dementia and 55 when they see me lead a positive life and even give talks at events.
41．A．generous B．active C．selfless D．witty
42．A．profession B．program C．interaction D．campaign
43．A．realize B．complain C．inform D．prove
44．A．disturb B．blame C．adjust D．control
45．A．caused B．solved C．ignored D．encountered
46．A．contrast B．knowledge C．sample D．memory
47．A．In fact B．For example C．Worse still D．Most importantly
48．A．gave in B. broke down C．came up D．set off
49．A．guarantee B．promise C．pretend D．tend
50．A．chat B．operate C．drink D．float
51．A．excuse B. solution C．case D．point
52．A．experienced B．disappointed C．concerned D．engaged
53．A．genuine B．negative C．innovative D．distinct
54．A．shocked B．disappointed C．excited D．puzzled
55．A．frequently B．constantly C．especially D．normally
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Food wasting is still on the increase worldwide currently. In the United States alone, grocery stores throw away 56 (billion) of pounds of food every year. Sometimes it’s because the food is nearing its sell-by date, even though that doesn’t mean it can’t be eaten. Other times, it’s 57 (simple) because the food is strange-looking, even though the food is in good condition. Whatever the reason is, there is more and more food waste in landfills, contributing greatly 58 the production of greenhouse gases.
In early 2016 in France, a law was passed to prevent food from 59 (throw) away by large grocery stores, as long as the food is still safe to eat. French stores can choose to donate it to charities such as food banks. The law makes 60 much easier for stores to donate their food since grocery stores 61 (large) than 4,300 square feet must sign contracts with food banks. Grocery stores 62 don’t follow the law must pay a heavy fine up to almost 4,000 dollars. This is a major step in helping reduce food waste and dealing with 63 (hungry) as well.
The law doesn’t stop there. In addition, it requires that French schools teach children about food waste and what they can do to help fix the problems 64 (bring) about by food waste.
France was the first country in the world to pass a law like this, and since 2016, it 65 (become) a world leader in reducing food waste.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
你校英文报正在举行主题为“How I Got Through My Hard Time”的征文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．你的困境；
2．你摆脱困境的方法。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How I Got Through My Hard Time
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day, Gina received a smartphone. But she didn’t know how to use it. So Gina went to her daughter’s house to ask her grandson, Josh, for help.
When seeing Josh, Gina asked him for help. “Sorry, Grandma. I have to leave for baseball now,” Josh answered from the sofa, his eyes locked on his own phone, Then he stood up, took his baseball bag, and left. Over the next few days, Gina went to see Josh several times. However, Josh always had something to do, giving excuses such as going to the movies.
Gina finally understood Josh actually didn’t want to help her. She stopped asking him. She turned to some friends for help. Before long, she learned how to use her phone to read stories, communicate with friends, etc.
Later, on a Monday evening, Gina visited her daughter, Oona. They happily talked when Josh was making dinner. Suddenly, they heard Josh crying out. Oona rushed towards the kitchen. Gina followed and found Josh’s hands burned by hot water by accident. “Mom, I think we need to go to the hospital,” Oona said. “Yes, I’ll drive,” Gina said.
At last, the doctor said Josh would be fine after a few days, but his hands would be bandaged (用绷带包扎). Josh was also advised not to go to school for some days so he could rest and get better soon. Oona asked Josh’s best friend to tell him his homework.
On Wednesday, Josh was alone at home. His grandma came to help make lunch for him, because he couldn’t use his hands. While Gina was cooking, Josh wanted to check his homework. His friend had sent his homework assignment to his phone through emails and text messages. But Josh couldn’t operate his phone. He realized he had to ask his grandma to help him out.
And he suddenly remembered he had refused to help his grandma when she asked for help with her phone. He was regretful and afraid she wouldn’t help him. But he decided to have a try.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Grandma,” he finally said, standing before the kitchen.
Then, Gina sent Josh’s homework assignment to his computer.
2022～2023学年下学期高二期中考试试卷
英语参考答案
听力部分录音材料
听力部分。该部分分为第一、第二两节。
注意：做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
停顿00’10"
现在是听力试音时间。
M: Hello. International Friends Club. Can I help you?
W: Oh, hello. I read about your club in the paper today and I thought I’d phone to find out a bit more.
M: Yes，certainly. Well, we are a sort of social club for people from different countries. It’s quite a new club—we have about 50 members at the moment, but we are growing all the time.
W: That sounds interesting. I’m British actually, and I came to Washington about three months ago. I’m looking for ways to meet people. Er, what kinds of events do you organize?
M: Well, we have social get-togethers, and sports events, and we also have language evenings.
W: Could you tell me something about the language evenings?
M: Yes. Every day except Thursday we have a language evening. People can come and practice their languages—you know, over a drink or something. We have different languages on different evenings. Monday—Spanish; Tuesday—Italian; Wednesday—German; and Friday—French. On Thursday we usually have a meal in a restaurant for anyone who wants to come.
W: Well, that sounds great. I really need to practice my French.
M: OK. Well, if you can just give me your name and address, I’ll send you the form and some more information. If you join now you can have the first month free.
试音到此结束。
听力考试正式开始。
停顿00’10"
请看听力部分第一节。
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
停顿00’02"
例如：现在你有5秒钟的时间看试卷上的例题。
停顿00’05"
你将听到以下内容：
M: Excuse me. Can you tell me how much the shirt is?
W: Yes, it’s nine fifteen.
停顿00’02"
你将有5秒钟的时间将正确答案标在试卷上。
停顿00’05"
衬衫的价格为9镑15便士，所以你选择C项，并将其标在试卷上。
现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读第1小题的有关内容。
停顿00’05"
(Text 1)
W: I hear the manager is sick. Do you think the meeting will be put off?
M: I hope so. I haven’t finished my report yet.
(Text 2)
M: Excuse me. Does this bus go to the History Museum?
W: Yes. You can get off at the Donghu Park and walk straight until you see the City Library. The museum is just opposite the library.
(Text 3)
W: How will you go to Shanghai?
M: I prefer to take the train to save money. What about you?
W: By car. We needn’t bother to carry luggage.
(Text 4)
M: What are you learning in English class right now?
W: Well, we have to learn the meanings of ten words each week. And we’re going to read a Shakespeare’s play for the next six weeks.
M: Oh, we learn live more words than you.
(Text 5)
W: Kris, did you hear that Gemma Hudson is leaving?
M: Really? Where did you hear that?
W: She told me that she’s leaving next month.
M: I have to say I’m not surprised. I didn’t think she was very happy working here.
第一节到此结束。
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
(Text 6)
M: Your guitar playing sounds beautiful. You must have played for a long time.
W: Actually, I’ve only taken guitar lessons for a year. I played the piano since I was five years old until last year when I turned sixteen. But I always wanted a guitar, and I finally got one for my birthday. I’ve played every day since then!
M: That’s great! I always wanted to have a guitar, but I never did. Neither of my parents plays music. So they didn’t think of getting me a musical instrument. I played a lot of sports instead.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
(Text 7)
W: Hey, Paul. I hear that you’ll take the plane at 2 pm to attend the exhibition in New York.
M: Yeah.
W: Well, I’m going to visit a customer there today and we will be on the same flight. Would you like to share a taxi to the airport?
M: I’m afraid I can’t. I have to take this report to Mr. Smith at the home office before his meeting at 10 am, so I was thinking about going to the airport straight from there. If you’d like, I could meet you at the airport.
W: In that case, how about meeting at 12:00 to have lunch together before our flight?
M: That sounds like a plan. I’ll see you in the coffee shop at noon, OK?
W: OK. See you then.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
(Text 8)
W: What are you going to do on Friday night?
M: Oh, I’m going to have dinner with my mother and my sister.
W: Sounds lovely! Are you going to a restaurant?
M: No. My mother prefers cooking at home, so we’re going to eat at her place.
W: Her place? You don’t live with your mother anymore?
M: No. I moved out during my second year of college，and my sister left right after she graduated from high school.
W: OK. So how often do you all meet up back at your mother’s?
M: About once a month. But I was too busy with school last month, so I haven’t seen my mother for two months.
W: What about your sister? Do you see her more often?
M: Not really. She’s usually pretty busy at work, so we only see each other at my mother’s.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
(Text 9)
W: Good evening, David. I’m so glad to have you here.
M: It’s my pleasure.
W: When did you start to volunteer?
M: When I retired in 2014, I found myself with more time to spare and I was looking for things to do. So I began volunteering the next year.
W: There are many ways we can occupy ourselves as we get older. We can start new hobbies; we can travel. Why did you choose to volunteer?
M: You know there’s always someone out there that needs your help and seniors have valuable experience and knowledge that can be put to good use.
W: I can’t agree more. Are there many seniors out there volunteering?
M: Absolutely. There were a large number of senior volunteers in the United States last year alone.
W: What volunteer activities do you participate in?
M: I used to offer food to the homeless at the Food Bank. But now I’m doing teaching in local schools.
W: What do you get from volunteering?
M: I gain a sense of purpose. It just feels good to be needed.
W: Thank you again, David.
M: You’re welcome. And thank you for inviting me to the show.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
(Text 10)
W: Thank you, Ron. I’m Katie Gill here at the corner of Greenwood and Pine, where the heat of the tire can still be felt some 100 feet away. The tire is said to have started inside the local store and t has spread to the surrounding apartment buildings. As we speak, fire fighters and the police are helping those who could not make it outside without assistance. Though many seem to be safe, there is not much relief left to the people of Battery Park. According to the tire department, the tire began early last night after the bakery closed. There seems to be a problem with the water system in the area and it is stopping the tire prevention system from turning on. Many have come from local areas with food and water to help. As far as we know，no one has been injured yet by the tire because most people have known to leave the building hours ago, but as these lucky people stand outside of their burning homes, they do not feel calm. This will be an August that the people of Battery Park will not forget any time. Now back to you in the studio.
第二节到此结束。
现在，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
听力部分到此结束。
试题答案
听力：
1～5 CBAAB 6～10 ACCBC 11～15 BBCAC 16～20 ACBAC
阅读：
21～23 BAC
A篇：本文是应用文。文章介绍了西班牙的一个特别的节日——西红柿大战。
21．B【解析】细节理解题。根据What Happens at La Tomatina部分介绍中的第二段最后一句可知，政府似乎更关心小镇的清理，而不是游客的清洗，所以游客自行去河边清洗自己。
22．A【解析】细节理解题。根据The Rules of La Tomatina部分介绍中的第一条可知，不要带瓶子或硬物，因为它们可能导致事故，伤害其他参与者。
23．C【解析】细节理解题。根据Warning部分的介绍可知，你必须要有门票，没有门票就不准进入。
24～27 DABC
B篇：本文是记叙文，讲述了一名空乘人员是如何安慰一名受惊的乘客的故事。
24．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，飞机的速度和飞行高度让我们容易感到害怕。
25．A【解析】词义推测题。根据第三段可知，这位女士在乘坐飞机的过程中感到忧虑。
26．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，Floyd Dean-Shannon是一个耐心体贴的人。
27．C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，耐心的朋友可以帮我们克服恐惧。
28～31 BCDA
C篇：本文是说明文。研究人员使用AI数据生成人们的大脑活动的图像。
28．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，以前的方法是要训练人工智能模型来创建这些图像的。
29．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，这些图像数据来自功能性磁共振成像的信号。
30．D【解析】推理判断题。在研究中，人们发现当前的扩散模型可以实现高质量的视觉重建，所以研究人员认为良好的视觉重建很有意义。
31．A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，人工智能对良好的视觉重建有很大贡献。
32～35 DCBA
D篇：本文是一篇说明文。回收塑料产品并不能从根本上解决塑料污染问题，本文提出了相应的解决办法。
32．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，这种颜料给许多回收设施使用的分类技术带来麻烦，因为机器无法识别它，所以这种黑色塑料通常最终被扔掉。
33．C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段中列举的数据可知，塑料产品回收率很低，所以塑料产品的回收成果不大。
34．B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，解决塑料污染问题的关键是人们尽可能少使用塑料产品。
35．A【解析】主旨大意题。回收塑料产品并不能从根本上解决塑料污染问题，本文提出了相应的解决办法。
36～40 BECAG
七选五：本文是说明文。文章介绍了学习化学给我们的生活带来的益处。
36．B【解析】B项与上文形成对比，同时，为下文做铺垫。
37．E【解析】下文对E项中的chemical reactions展开了具体的阐述。
38．C【解析】C项为本段的中心句。该段的内容都是围绕着该中心句中的关键词Cooking和chemistry展开的。
39．A【解析】A项中的The answer与上文的提问呼应，同时下文继续阐述了The answer的具体内容。
40．G【解析】根据下文中的As many of the household products you already own可知，G项符合语境。
41～45 BADCA 46～50 DCBDA 51～55 CDBAC
完形填空：本文是记叙文。我患了中风以后并没有觉得生活没有了希望，而是依然积极地面对生活。
41．B【解析】考查形容词。我一直很积极，这种品质让我受益匪浅。
42．A【解析】考查名词。我于1978年加人警察部队，当时从事这一职业的女性很少。
43．D【解析】考查动词。我一直在努力证明我并不比男人差。
44．C【解析】考查动词。这就是为什么当我的健康状况发生变化时，我很难适应。
45．A【解析】考查动词。我在50多岁时中风了三次，这给我带来了记忆问题。
46．D【解析】考查名词。我仍然试图做兼职，但我记不住重要的事情。
47．C【解析】考查副词短语。更糟糕的是，我在2017年后期被诊断出患有痴呆症。
48．B【解析】考查动词短语。听到这个消息，我崩溃了，哭了将近三个月。
49．D【解析】考查动词。人们往往会认为，当你患有痴呆症时，你就变成了一个无法聊天的人，沉默地坐在角落里。
50．A【解析】考查动词。参见上一题解析。
51．C【解析】考查名词。事实并非如此。
52．D【解析】考查形容词。改变人们对痴呆症的看法是我现在所做的事情。
53．B【解析】考查形容词。我认为我们改变他人对痴呆症消极看法的唯一方式是，患有痴呆症的人站出来为自己发声。我做到了。
54．A【解析】考查形容词。当我告诉他们我患有痴呆症时，人们总是很震惊，特别是当他们看到我过着积极的生活，甚至在活动中发表演讲时。
55．C【解析】考查副词。参见上一题解析。
56．billions 57．simply 58．to 59．being thrown 60．it
61．larger 62．that/which 63．hunger 64．brought 65．has become/has been becoming
语法填空：
56．billions【解析】考查名词。billions of为固定搭配，意为“数十亿的”。
57．simply【解析】考查副词。根据句意可知，此处应用副词表示程度，意为“仅仅”。
58．to【解析】考查介词。contribute to意为“有助于”。
59．being thrown【解析】考查非谓语动词。介词后应用动词的ing形式，同时，名词food和动词throw是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此，此处应用动词ing形式的被动式。
60．it【解析】考查代词。it代替真正的宾语动词不定式，在句中作形式宾语。
61．larger【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。
62．that/which【解析】考查定语从句。该句是由关系代词that或which引导的定语从句，先行词是Grocery stores，关系代词在从句中作主语。
63．hunger【解析】考查名词。动词短语deal with后接名词作宾语。
64．brought【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词短语bring about与其修饰的名词the problems为动宾关系，因此，此处应用过去分词作后置定语。
65．has become/has been becoming【解析】考查时态。根据句中的时间状语since 2016可知，该句应用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。
说明：1．有拼写或大小写错误的作答不给分。
2．除所列答案外，若试评过程中发现其他可接受答案，经评卷专家组讨论确认后也可给分。
写作
第一节：
命题立意：本题要求学生写一篇短文参加校英文报征文比赛，内容包括：1．你的困境；2．你摆脱困境的方法。该设题有利于考查学生的英语核心素养，贴近学生的生活与学习，符合当今英语试卷命制的特点和趋势。该题很好地体现了英语的交际性，有利于考查学生的英语实际应用能力。
参考范文：
How I Got Through My Hard Time
As a famous saying goes, “Life is not a bed of roses.” We will inevitably get caught in hardship in our life. And I am no exception.
As far as I remembered, there was a time when I had a hard time in learning physics, which depressed me for quite a while. Instead of giving it up, I refreshed myself and struggled to find a way out. To start with, I adjusted myself to living with the problem, and then more time and energy were devoted to repeatedly thinking and doing exercises. In addition, I tried to seek help from my teacher and classmates. Last but not least, I poured out my problem to my parents, from whom I got emotional support.
Eventually, all my efforts paid off and I made great progress in my physics. Face adversity positively, and we will be rewarded.
第二节：
参考范文：
“Grandma, he finally said, standing before the kitchen. Gina turned around, looking at him expectantly. “Can you check my emails?” Josh asked. “Oh,” Gina hesitated. Josh lowered his head, guessing she’d refuse. But Gina cleaned her hands and walked towards him, smiling, “Sure. You need to get your homework, right? Let me see.” Gina picked up Josh’s phone and started searching around. She went to his email app and downloaded everything he needed to complete his homework.
Then, Gina sent Josh’s homework assignment to his computer. Before long, they started working together to complete Josh’s homework. They ate sandwiches during the process, and their afternoon passed rapidly. When they were done, Josh looked at his grandma regretfully. He thanked her and then apologized for his previous behavior. Gina looked at him with love, patted his head and forgave him. After that day, Josh never refused when she asked for help. He learned to respect and love his grandma, instead of being selfish.
2022～2023学年下学期高二期中考试试卷
英语
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15.
答案是C。
1．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Doctor and patient. B．Professor and student. C. Fellow workers.
2．Where does the man want to go?
A．To the Donghu Park. B．To the History Museum. C. To the City Library.
3．Why does the woman prefer to go to Shanghai by car?
A．It is convenient. B．It is cheap. C．It is fast.
4．How many words does the man learn each week?
A．Fifteen. B．Ten. C．Six.
5．What are the speakers talking about?
A．A classmate. B．A workmate. C．A neighbor.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．When did the woman start to play the piano?
A．At 5 years old. B．At 11 years old. C．At 16 years old.
7．Why did the man play a lot of sports?
A．He never liked the guitar.
B．He preferred playing sports.
C．He didn’t have an instrument.
听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。
8．Why is the woman flying to New York?
A．To give a report. B．To meet a customer. C．To attend an exhibition.
9．Where will Paul go first?
A．The coffee shop. B．The home office. C．Mr. Smith’s house.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Where is the man going to have dinner on Friday night?
A．At a restaurant. B．At his sister’s place. C．At his mother’s place.
11．When did the man’s sister move out?
A．During high school.
B．Right after high school.
C．In her second year of college.
12．How often does the man usually see his sister?
A．About once a week. B．About once a month. C．About once a year.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．In which year did the man start to volunteer?
A．2014. B．2020. C．2015.
14．What is the reason for the man to choose to volunteer after retirement?
A．Putting his experience and knowledge to use.
B．Finding a good way to kill time.
C．Developing a new hobby.
15．What volunteer job is the man doing now?
A．Being a guide.
B．Offering food to the homeless.
C．Teaching in local schools.
16．What does the man gain from volunteering?
A．A sense of purpose. B．Free education. C．Love for life.
听第10段材料，回答第l7至20题。
17．What might the speaker be?
A．A resident. B．A fire fighter. C．A news reporter.
18．Where did the fire start?
A．From a park.
B．From a store.
C．From an apartment building.
19．When did the fire happen?
A．Early last night. B．Late last night. C．An hour ago.
20．How did the people of Battery Park sound?
A．Surprised. B．Calm. C．Frightened.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to La Tomatina!
La Tomatina is a food fight festival held on the last Wednesday of August each year in the town of Bunol near to Valencia in Spain. Thousands upon thousands of people make their way from all corners of the world to fight in this world’s biggest food fight festival where more than one hundred metric tons of tomatoes are thrown in the streets.
What Happens at La Tomatina
At around 11 am, many trucks transport tomatoes into the centre of the town, Plaza del Pueblo. The signal for the beginning of the fight is firing of water cannons (水炮). Once it begins, the battle is generally every man for himself.
The fight lasts for nearly two hours. The cleaning process includes the use of fire trucks to spray down the streets. The authorities seem more concerned with cleaning the town that is a mess than cleaning the visitors, so some people find water at the Bunol River to wash themselves.
The Rules of La Tomatina
•Don’t bring bottles or hard objects as they can cause accidents and hurt other participants.
•Don’t tear others’ T-shirts.
•You must crush (压碎) the tomatoes before throwing to reduce the impact.
•When you hear the second shot, no more tomatoes can be thrown, otherwise there will be fines.
Useful Advice
•Wear old clothes and shoes that you do not mind throwing away afterwards.
•Ensure you always have something clean to wipe your eyes with. You may find goggles (护目镜) useful.
•If you’re planning to take pictures, bring a waterproof camera!
•If you aren’t from Bunol, don’t forget to look for accommodation in advance.
Warning
Remember that you must have a ticket! No ticket, no entry. For more information about the official entry tickets, click here!
21．What are the participants supposed to do at La Tomatina?
A．Clean the streets. B．Wash themselves.
C．Fight through teamwork. D．Bring their own tomatoes.
22．What is forbidden during the festival event?
A．The use of hard objects. B．The fight between people.
C．The use of crushed tomatoes. D．The touch with others’ T-shirts.
23．What is a must for a person to join in La Tomatina?
A．Wearing clean and formal clothes. B．Checking in a hotel ahead of time.
C．Getting the admission to the event. D．Bringing a good waterproof camera.
B
Every day, there are 25.000 flights in America. Accidents are so rare that flying is much safer than car travel. But that doesn’t stop many people from panic when they are moving at 500 miles per hour, 33,000 feet above the ground. Not being at the controls makes us feel a bit helpless When the negative thoughts begin to swirl (打旋), even in a very safe place, we will suddenly feel panic.
That’s what happened recently to a woman flying on a commercial airline. Many of us can go along doing ordinary things and suddenly be overcome with fear. The physical symptoms are real, and it requires a calming force to steady our emotions. In panic mode, every sound and movement feels like a threat. The passengers responded accordingly, jumping at every sound and the slightest turbulence (骚乱).
Floyd Dean-Shannon noticed a woman’s distress. As a flight attendant, he has plenty to do daring a flight. But he stopped and spoke comfortingly to the woman. Floyd calmly explained what the noise was and that it was normal. As the woman began to calm down a bit, Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand. He told her she was safe. He made her feel safe. He sat with her through the entire flight. At one point, Floyd learned it was another passenger’s birthday, so he led the plane in a song to celebrate—another way of making the woman feel safe by distracting her from her fears. He stayed by the woman’s side until it was time to land.
We all have friends who become distressed, who over worry, who may struggle with some difficulties that keep them from enjoying life. Like Floyd, we can be open enough to see, and to be there. We don’t have to be professional counselors; we just need to be friends.
24．Why do some people feel fearful when on a flight?
A．They have a negative memory.
B．There are 25,000 flights at the same time.
C．There are more plane accidents than car accidents.
D．The speed and height make them feel helpless.
25．What does the underlined word “distress” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Worry. B．Anger. C．Surprise. D．Sorrow.
26．Which of the following words best describe Floyd?
A．Ambitious and determined. B．Patient and considerate.
C．Brave and sympathetic. D．Sensitive and modest.
27．What is the most suitable title for the text?
A．How should we deal with the sudden fear
B．Why do we suddenly feel scared when flying
C．Overcoming fear sometimes requires a patient friend
D．Airline travel is much safer than car travel in America
C
What if AI could interpret your imagination, turning images in your mind into reality? While that sounds like a detail in a science fiction, researchers have now accomplished exactly this. Researchers found that they could reconstruct highly accurate images from brain activity by using the popular stable diffusion (扩散) image generation model. The authors wrote that unlike previous studies, they didn’t need to train the AI models to create these images.
The researchers said that they first predicted a potential representation, which is a model of the image’s data, from fMRI (功能性磁共振成像) signals. Then, the model was processed and noise was added to it through the diffusion process. Finally, the researchers decoded (解码) text representations from fMRI signals and used them as input to produce a final constructed image.
The researchers wrote that a few studies have produced good reconstructions of images but it was only after training. This resulted in limitations because training complex models are challenging and there are not many samples to work with. Prior to this new study, no other researchers had tried using diffusion models for visual reconstruction.
In the past, we’ve seen other examples of how brainwaves and brain functions can create images. In 2014, a Shanghai-based artist Jody Xiong used sensors to connect sixteen people with disabilities to balloons of paint. The people would then use their thoughts to burst specific balloons and create their own paintings.
With the advancement of AI, more and more researchers have been testing the ways AI models can work with the human brain. In a January 2022 study, researchers at Radboud University in the Netherlands trained an AI network on fMRI data from 1,050 unique faces and converted the brain imaging results into actual images. The study found that the AI was able to perform reconstruction. In the latest study, the researchers found that current diffusion models can now achieve high-quality visual reconstruction.
28．How did researchers make images from brain activity in the previous research?
A．By using generation model. B．By training AI models.
C．By reconstructing mind. D．By predicting people’s imagination.
29．Where are images’ data from?
A．The processed model. B．The diffusion text.
C．The fMRI signals. D．The text representation.
30．Why do the researchers think their new study is meaningful?
A．Their training work is very challenging.
B．They’ve made training models less complex.
C．Nobody has reconstructed images by brainwaves.
D．They can reconstruct accurate images from brain activity.
31．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The AI helps a lot in good visual reconstruction.
B．Few researchers have used AI to make reconstruct images.
C．The AI models should be improved to work with fMRI data.
D．Scientists should do more to make high quality reconstruction.
D
Plastic waste is choking our planet. People are trying to help fix it by recycling, but their efforts aren’t going far enough. Even when plastic producers are held responsible and attempt to solve the problem, it doesn’t always go smoothly. Such has been the case for the company Torus Pak, which produces novel packaging for frozen meals on a large scale.
Like many other black plastic products, the Torus Pak packages used a carbon-based pigment (颜料). This pigment troubles the sorting technology which is used by many recycling facilities, so black plastic usually ends up being thrown away because the machines can’t identify it. Now the company is midway through the complex process of phasing out that pigment and switching that pigment to one that doesn’t use carbon.
But that doesn’t mean the problem is solved, for the recycling rate at the waste facility itself is not encouraging. Your discarded plastic may end up in a landfill even if you send it to be recycled. Worldwide, only about nine percent of all the plastic waste has been recycled, which amounts to less than 600 million tons out of over 6 billion. While one might assume the proportion of plastic being recycled is on the increase due to improved tech and increased public awareness of environmental protection, it’s actually become even lower in many places in recent years.
“The world wasn’t always flooded with single-use plastic products,” said Lisa Ramsden, senior plastic campaigner for Greenpeace USA. “We know how to live without them. We’ve just got used to a convenience culture that relies so heavily on them.”
The solution is obvious. To get out of this habit, we should stop using so much plastic, starting with many of the items we use just once for a few minutes. Companies need to shift toward using more refillable and reusable containers, and packaging made from materials that are less harmful to the environment. Governments must mandate (强制执行) such changes a goal we’re now finally inching closer to every day.
32．What is the problem with Torus Pak packages?
A．They are expensive for customers.
B．Their production process is complex.
C．Their pigment is hardly appealing.
D．They are hard to define recyclable.
33．What does the author mainly stress in paragraph 3?
A．The reason for recycling plastic waste.
B．The potential of recycling plastic waste.
C．The outcome of recycling plastic waste.
D．The objective of recycling plastic waste.
34．What is advised to solve the plastic pollution in the text?
A．Advancing recycling technology.
B．Reducing the use of plastic products.
C．Setting higher environmental goals.
D．Making some stricter relevant laws.
35．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Recycling fail, to solve plastic pollution.
B．A company contributes a lot to recycling.
C．Great changes happen in recycling plastic.
D．Plastic pollution is increasingly worsening.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项.
Studying is important for numerous reasons, and getting good marks is not the primary one. When it comes to studying chemistry, many students consider the field is not important enough to be explored. 36
Believe it or not, chemistry is part of our everyday life. We encounter numerous principles of chemistry without even realizing it. 37 Whenever you eat, drink, or even breathe air, certain chemical reactions occur in your body. And without chemistry, we would not be able to explain how these processes work.
38 Different tasks you complete when cooking involve various chemical reactions. Whether you are heating food, or mixing different ingredients (原料) together, you are observing various physical and chemical processes. Therefore, studying chemistry allows you to better understand how chemical processes work you cook food, enabling your cooking skills to the next level.
Product labels (标签) tell you everything you need to know. The part of the label that lists the ingredients is probably what you should be paying most attention to. But how do you know which ingredients are good and which not? 39 By studying chemistry, you can not only read but also understand product label, of everything you may need to use in life.
While experiments are usually conducted in labs, you can also perform some fun experiments at home. 40 As many of the household products you already own are made of certain chemicals, they can act as reagents (试剂) for the reactions. There are plenty of kid-friendly experiments that you can perform using the materials you already have.
A．The answer lies in chemistry.
B．However, the truth is the opposite.
C．Cooking itself is actually all about chemistry.
D．You can know how chemicals work as you cook it.
E．Many daily events are results of chemical reactions.
F．You may not realize how many chemicals you know.
G．And you do not even need special chemicals for that.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’m feeling pretty good right now, despite the fact that I suffered from dementia (痴呆) two years ago. I’ve always been 41 and this quality has benefited me a lot.
I joined the police force in 1978 when there were very few women in that 42 . I had been working hard to 43 that I was no worse than a man. That accounted for why it was difficult for me to 44 when my health changed.
I had three strokes (中风) in my 50s, which 45 memory problems. I still tried to work part-time, but I kept having 46 blanks about important things. There was a morning when I had to sit on my bed for 15 minutes as I just couldn’t remember how to get dressed. 47 , I was diagnosed (诊断) with dementia later in 2017. Hearing the news, I 48 and cried for almost three months. It felt like a death sentence.
Thinking back, this indicates exactly the way we used to talk about dementia. People 49 to think that when you have dementia, you become a person unable to 50 , sitting silent in a corner. Actually, this just isn’t the 51 . Changing the way people think about dementia is something that I’m 52 in.
I feel the only way that we can change the 53 opinion about dementia is that people affected by the condition speak out, and I made it. People are always 54 when I tell them I have dementia and 55 when they see me lead a positive life and even give talks at events.
41．A．generous B．active C．selfless D．witty
42．A．profession B．program C．interaction D．campaign
43．A．realize B．complain C．inform D．prove
44．A．disturb B．blame C．adjust D．control
45．A．caused B．solved C．ignored D．encountered
46．A．contrast B．knowledge C．sample D．memory
47．A．In fact B．For example C．Worse still D．Most importantly
48．A．gave in B. broke down C．came up D．set off
49．A．guarantee B．promise C．pretend D．tend
50．A．chat B．operate C．drink D．float
51．A．excuse B. solution C．case D．point
52．A．experienced B．disappointed C．concerned D．engaged
53．A．genuine B．negative C．innovative D．distinct
54．A．shocked B．disappointed C．excited D．puzzled
55．A．frequently B．constantly C．especially D．normally
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Food wasting is still on the increase worldwide currently. In the United States alone, grocery stores throw away 56 (billion) of pounds of food every year. Sometimes it’s because the food is nearing its sell-by date, even though that doesn’t mean it can’t be eaten. Other times, it’s 57 (simple) because the food is strange-looking, even though the food is in good condition. Whatever the reason is, there is more and more food waste in landfills, contributing greatly 58 the production of greenhouse gases.
In early 2016 in France, a law was passed to prevent food from 59 (throw) away by large grocery stores, as long as the food is still safe to eat. French stores can choose to donate it to charities such as food banks. The law makes 60 much easier for stores to donate their food since grocery stores 61 (large) than 4,300 square feet must sign contracts with food banks. Grocery stores 62 don’t follow the law must pay a heavy fine up to almost 4,000 dollars. This is a major step in helping reduce food waste and dealing with 63 (hungry) as well.
The law doesn’t stop there. In addition, it requires that French schools teach children about food waste and what they can do to help fix the problems 64 (bring) about by food waste.
France was the first country in the world to pass a law like this, and since 2016, it 65 (become) a world leader in reducing food waste.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
你校英文报正在举行主题为“How I Got Through My Hard Time”的征文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．你的困境；
2．你摆脱困境的方法。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How I Got Through My Hard Time
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day, Gina received a smartphone. But she didn’t know how to use it. So Gina went to her daughter’s house to ask her grandson, Josh, for help.
When seeing Josh, Gina asked him for help. “Sorry, Grandma. I have to leave for baseball now,” Josh answered from the sofa, his eyes locked on his own phone, Then he stood up, took his baseball bag, and left. Over the next few days, Gina went to see Josh several times. However, Josh always had something to do, giving excuses such as going to the movies.
Gina finally understood Josh actually didn’t want to help her. She stopped asking him. She turned to some friends for help. Before long, she learned how to use her phone to read stories, communicate with friends, etc.
Later, on a Monday evening, Gina visited her daughter, Oona. They happily talked when Josh was making dinner. Suddenly, they heard Josh crying out. Oona rushed towards the kitchen. Gina followed and found Josh’s hands burned by hot water by accident. “Mom, I think we need to go to the hospital,” Oona said. “Yes, I’ll drive,” Gina said.
At last, the doctor said Josh would be fine after a few days, but his hands would be bandaged (用绷带包扎). Josh was also advised not to go to school for some days so he could rest and get better soon. Oona asked Josh’s best friend to tell him his homework.
On Wednesday, Josh was alone at home. His grandma came to help make lunch for him, because he couldn’t use his hands. While Gina was cooking, Josh wanted to check his homework. His friend had sent his homework assignment to his phone through emails and text messages. But Josh couldn’t operate his phone. He realized he had to ask his grandma to help him out.
And he suddenly remembered he had refused to help his grandma when she asked for help with her phone. He was regretful and afraid she wouldn’t help him. But he decided to have a try.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Grandma,” he finally said, standing before the kitchen.
Then, Gina sent Josh’s homework assignment to his computer.
2022～2023学年下学期高二期中考试试卷
英语参考答案
听力部分录音材料
听力部分。该部分分为第一、第二两节。
注意：做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
停顿00’10"
现在是听力试音时间。
M: Hello. International Friends Club. Can I help you?
W: Oh, hello. I read about your club in the paper today and I thought I’d phone to find out a bit more.
M: Yes，certainly. Well, we are a sort of social club for people from different countries. It’s quite a new club—we have about 50 members at the moment, but we are growing all the time.
W: That sounds interesting. I’m British actually, and I came to Washington about three months ago. I’m looking for ways to meet people. Er, what kinds of events do you organize?
M: Well, we have social get-togethers, and sports events, and we also have language evenings.
W: Could you tell me something about the language evenings?
M: Yes. Every day except Thursday we have a language evening. People can come and practice their languages—you know, over a drink or something. We have different languages on different evenings. Monday—Spanish; Tuesday—Italian; Wednesday—German; and Friday—French. On Thursday we usually have a meal in a restaurant for anyone who wants to come.
W: Well, that sounds great. I really need to practice my French.
M: OK. Well, if you can just give me your name and address, I’ll send you the form and some more information. If you join now you can have the first month free.
试音到此结束。
听力考试正式开始。
停顿00’10"
请看听力部分第一节。
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
停顿00’02"
例如：现在你有5秒钟的时间看试卷上的例题。
停顿00’05"
你将听到以下内容：
M: Excuse me. Can you tell me how much the shirt is?
W: Yes, it’s nine fifteen.
停顿00’02"
你将有5秒钟的时间将正确答案标在试卷上。
停顿00’05"
衬衫的价格为9镑15便士，所以你选择C项，并将其标在试卷上。
现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读第1小题的有关内容。
停顿00’05"
(Text 1)
W: I hear the manager is sick. Do you think the meeting will be put off?
M: I hope so. I haven’t finished my report yet.
(Text 2)
M: Excuse me. Does this bus go to the History Museum?
W: Yes. You can get off at the Donghu Park and walk straight until you see the City Library. The museum is just opposite the library.
(Text 3)
W: How will you go to Shanghai?
M: I prefer to take the train to save money. What about you?
W: By car. We needn’t bother to carry luggage.
(Text 4)
M: What are you learning in English class right now?
W: Well, we have to learn the meanings of ten words each week. And we’re going to read a Shakespeare’s play for the next six weeks.
M: Oh, we learn live more words than you.
(Text 5)
W: Kris, did you hear that Gemma Hudson is leaving?
M: Really? Where did you hear that?
W: She told me that she’s leaving next month.
M: I have to say I’m not surprised. I didn’t think she was very happy working here.
第一节到此结束。
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
(Text 6)
M: Your guitar playing sounds beautiful. You must have played for a long time.
W: Actually, I’ve only taken guitar lessons for a year. I played the piano since I was five years old until last year when I turned sixteen. But I always wanted a guitar, and I finally got one for my birthday. I’ve played every day since then!
M: That’s great! I always wanted to have a guitar, but I never did. Neither of my parents plays music. So they didn’t think of getting me a musical instrument. I played a lot of sports instead.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。
(Text 7)
W: Hey, Paul. I hear that you’ll take the plane at 2 pm to attend the exhibition in New York.
M: Yeah.
W: Well, I’m going to visit a customer there today and we will be on the same flight. Would you like to share a taxi to the airport?
M: I’m afraid I can’t. I have to take this report to Mr. Smith at the home office before his meeting at 10 am, so I was thinking about going to the airport straight from there. If you’d like, I could meet you at the airport.
W: In that case, how about meeting at 12:00 to have lunch together before our flight?
M: That sounds like a plan. I’ll see you in the coffee shop at noon, OK?
W: OK. See you then.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
(Text 8)
W: What are you going to do on Friday night?
M: Oh, I’m going to have dinner with my mother and my sister.
W: Sounds lovely! Are you going to a restaurant?
M: No. My mother prefers cooking at home, so we’re going to eat at her place.
W: Her place? You don’t live with your mother anymore?
M: No. I moved out during my second year of college，and my sister left right after she graduated from high school.
W: OK. So how often do you all meet up back at your mother’s?
M: About once a month. But I was too busy with school last month, so I haven’t seen my mother for two months.
W: What about your sister? Do you see her more often?
M: Not really. She’s usually pretty busy at work, so we only see each other at my mother’s.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
(Text 9)
W: Good evening, David. I’m so glad to have you here.
M: It’s my pleasure.
W: When did you start to volunteer?
M: When I retired in 2014, I found myself with more time to spare and I was looking for things to do. So I began volunteering the next year.
W: There are many ways we can occupy ourselves as we get older. We can start new hobbies; we can travel. Why did you choose to volunteer?
M: You know there’s always someone out there that needs your help and seniors have valuable experience and knowledge that can be put to good use.
W: I can’t agree more. Are there many seniors out there volunteering?
M: Absolutely. There were a large number of senior volunteers in the United States last year alone.
W: What volunteer activities do you participate in?
M: I used to offer food to the homeless at the Food Bank. But now I’m doing teaching in local schools.
W: What do you get from volunteering?
M: I gain a sense of purpose. It just feels good to be needed.
W: Thank you again, David.
M: You’re welcome. And thank you for inviting me to the show.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在，你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
(Text 10)
W: Thank you, Ron. I’m Katie Gill here at the corner of Greenwood and Pine, where the heat of the tire can still be felt some 100 feet away. The tire is said to have started inside the local store and t has spread to the surrounding apartment buildings. As we speak, fire fighters and the police are helping those who could not make it outside without assistance. Though many seem to be safe, there is not much relief left to the people of Battery Park. According to the tire department, the tire began early last night after the bakery closed. There seems to be a problem with the water system in the area and it is stopping the tire prevention system from turning on. Many have come from local areas with food and water to help. As far as we know，no one has been injured yet by the tire because most people have known to leave the building hours ago, but as these lucky people stand outside of their burning homes, they do not feel calm. This will be an August that the people of Battery Park will not forget any time. Now back to you in the studio.
第二节到此结束。
现在，你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
听力部分到此结束。
试题答案
听力：
1～5 CBAAB 6～10 ACCBC 11～15 BBCAC 16～20 ACBAC
阅读：
21～23 BAC
A篇：本文是应用文。文章介绍了西班牙的一个特别的节日——西红柿大战。
21．B【解析】细节理解题。根据What Happens at La Tomatina部分介绍中的第二段最后一句可知，政府似乎更关心小镇的清理，而不是游客的清洗，所以游客自行去河边清洗自己。
22．A【解析】细节理解题。根据The Rules of La Tomatina部分介绍中的第一条可知，不要带瓶子或硬物，因为它们可能导致事故，伤害其他参与者。
23．C【解析】细节理解题。根据Warning部分的介绍可知，你必须要有门票，没有门票就不准进入。
24～27 DABC
B篇：本文是记叙文，讲述了一名空乘人员是如何安慰一名受惊的乘客的故事。
24．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，飞机的速度和飞行高度让我们容易感到害怕。
25．A【解析】词义推测题。根据第三段可知，这位女士在乘坐飞机的过程中感到忧虑。
26．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，Floyd Dean-Shannon是一个耐心体贴的人。
27．C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，耐心的朋友可以帮我们克服恐惧。
28～31 BCDA
C篇：本文是说明文。研究人员使用AI数据生成人们的大脑活动的图像。
28．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，以前的方法是要训练人工智能模型来创建这些图像的。
29．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，这些图像数据来自功能性磁共振成像的信号。
30．D【解析】推理判断题。在研究中，人们发现当前的扩散模型可以实现高质量的视觉重建，所以研究人员认为良好的视觉重建很有意义。
31．A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，人工智能对良好的视觉重建有很大贡献。
32～35 DCBA
D篇：本文是一篇说明文。回收塑料产品并不能从根本上解决塑料污染问题，本文提出了相应的解决办法。
32．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，这种颜料给许多回收设施使用的分类技术带来麻烦，因为机器无法识别它，所以这种黑色塑料通常最终被扔掉。
33．C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段中列举的数据可知，塑料产品回收率很低，所以塑料产品的回收成果不大。
34．B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，解决塑料污染问题的关键是人们尽可能少使用塑料产品。
35．A【解析】主旨大意题。回收塑料产品并不能从根本上解决塑料污染问题，本文提出了相应的解决办法。
36～40 BECAG
七选五：本文是说明文。文章介绍了学习化学给我们的生活带来的益处。
36．B【解析】B项与上文形成对比，同时，为下文做铺垫。
37．E【解析】下文对E项中的chemical reactions展开了具体的阐述。
38．C【解析】C项为本段的中心句。该段的内容都是围绕着该中心句中的关键词Cooking和chemistry展开的。
39．A【解析】A项中的The answer与上文的提问呼应，同时下文继续阐述了The answer的具体内容。
40．G【解析】根据下文中的As many of the household products you already own可知，G项符合语境。
41～45 BADCA 46～50 DCBDA 51～55 CDBAC
完形填空：本文是记叙文。我患了中风以后并没有觉得生活没有了希望，而是依然积极地面对生活。
41．B【解析】考查形容词。我一直很积极，这种品质让我受益匪浅。
42．A【解析】考查名词。我于1978年加人警察部队，当时从事这一职业的女性很少。
43．D【解析】考查动词。我一直在努力证明我并不比男人差。
44．C【解析】考查动词。这就是为什么当我的健康状况发生变化时，我很难适应。
45．A【解析】考查动词。我在50多岁时中风了三次，这给我带来了记忆问题。
46．D【解析】考查名词。我仍然试图做兼职，但我记不住重要的事情。
47．C【解析】考查副词短语。更糟糕的是，我在2017年后期被诊断出患有痴呆症。
48．B【解析】考查动词短语。听到这个消息，我崩溃了，哭了将近三个月。
49．D【解析】考查动词。人们往往会认为，当你患有痴呆症时，你就变成了一个无法聊天的人，沉默地坐在角落里。
50．A【解析】考查动词。参见上一题解析。
51．C【解析】考查名词。事实并非如此。
52．D【解析】考查形容词。改变人们对痴呆症的看法是我现在所做的事情。
53．B【解析】考查形容词。我认为我们改变他人对痴呆症消极看法的唯一方式是，患有痴呆症的人站出来为自己发声。我做到了。
54．A【解析】考查形容词。当我告诉他们我患有痴呆症时，人们总是很震惊，特别是当他们看到我过着积极的生活，甚至在活动中发表演讲时。
55．C【解析】考查副词。参见上一题解析。
56．billions 57．simply 58．to 59．being thrown 60．it
61．larger 62．that/which 63．hunger 64．brought 65．has become/has been becoming
语法填空：
56．billions【解析】考查名词。billions of为固定搭配，意为“数十亿的”。
57．simply【解析】考查副词。根据句意可知，此处应用副词表示程度，意为“仅仅”。
58．to【解析】考查介词。contribute to意为“有助于”。
59．being thrown【解析】考查非谓语动词。介词后应用动词的ing形式，同时，名词food和动词throw是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此，此处应用动词ing形式的被动式。
60．it【解析】考查代词。it代替真正的宾语动词不定式，在句中作形式宾语。
61．larger【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。
62．that/which【解析】考查定语从句。该句是由关系代词that或which引导的定语从句，先行词是Grocery stores，关系代词在从句中作主语。
63．hunger【解析】考查名词。动词短语deal with后接名词作宾语。
64．brought【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词短语bring about与其修饰的名词the problems为动宾关系，因此，此处应用过去分词作后置定语。
65．has become/has been becoming【解析】考查时态。根据句中的时间状语since 2016可知，该句应用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。
说明：1．有拼写或大小写错误的作答不给分。
2．除所列答案外，若试评过程中发现其他可接受答案，经评卷专家组讨论确认后也可给分。
写作
第一节：
命题立意：本题要求学生写一篇短文参加校英文报征文比赛，内容包括：1．你的困境；2．你摆脱困境的方法。该设题有利于考查学生的英语核心素养，贴近学生的生活与学习，符合当今英语试卷命制的特点和趋势。该题很好地体现了英语的交际性，有利于考查学生的英语实际应用能力。
参考范文：
How I Got Through My Hard Time
As a famous saying goes, “Life is not a bed of roses.” We will inevitably get caught in hardship in our life. And I am no exception.
As far as I remembered, there was a time when I had a hard time in learning physics, which depressed me for quite a while. Instead of giving it up, I refreshed myself and struggled to find a way out. To start with, I adjusted myself to living with the problem, and then more time and energy were devoted to repeatedly thinking and doing exercises. In addition, I tried to seek help from my teacher and classmates. Last but not least, I poured out my problem to my parents, from whom I got emotional support.
Eventually, all my efforts paid off and I made great progress in my physics. Face adversity positively, and we will be rewarded.
第二节：
参考范文：
“Grandma, he finally said, standing before the kitchen. Gina turned around, looking at him expectantly. “Can you check my emails?” Josh asked. “Oh,” Gina hesitated. Josh lowered his head, guessing she’d refuse. But Gina cleaned her hands and walked towards him, smiling, “Sure. You need to get your homework, right? Let me see.” Gina picked up Josh’s phone and started searching around. She went to his email app and downloaded everything he needed to complete his homework.
Then, Gina sent Josh’s homework assignment to his computer. Before long, they started working together to complete Josh’s homework. They ate sandwiches during the process, and their afternoon passed rapidly. When they were done, Josh looked at his grandma regretfully. He thanked her and then apologized for his previous behavior. Gina looked at him with love, patted his head and forgave him. After that day, Josh never refused when she asked for help. He learned to respect and love his grandma, instead of being selfish.
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