高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction学案

选必修4 U1 words and expressions Part 2 学生版

1. blur-______________ -______________-______________ （vi/vt） 1）使变得模糊不清；2）使视线模糊；3）使难以区分

    1） The writing blurred and danced before his eyes. 字迹变得一片模糊，在他眼前晃动。

2）The mist blurred the edges of the buildings. 建筑群在薄雾中若隐若现。

3）The differences between art and life seem to have blurred. 艺术和生活之间的差别似乎已变得模糊不清。

______________ (adj.) 模糊不清的；难以区分的          【syn】ambiguous     indistinct     vague

a  blurred image/picture  模糊的形象╱照片    blurred memories/distinctions/boundaries  模糊的记忆含混不清的区别╱界线

【即学即练】 翻译句子：

①  Children naturally have a ______________(blur) approach to acquiring knowledge. 孩子们获取知识的方式天生是模糊的。

②  __________________________________________.泪水模糊了她的视线。

③  She tends to  __________________________________ between her friends and her colleagues. 她往往将朋友和同事混淆起来。

2. superior adj. 更好的；占有优势的；级别更高的；高傲的          ______________ n. 优越；优势；优越感；骄傲自大

______________ adj. 较差的；低下的；比不上……的                            ______________ n. 低等；劣等；自卑
a superior manner 神气活现的态度        a superior court of law 上级法院

__________________________比……优越（更好/更强）     ________________________低于；在……之下；不如……

__________________________比……年长（资历深）         _________________________比……年轻（资历浅）

__________________________先于...

【即学即练】

①This model is technically ________________________ its competitors. 这一款式在技术上超过了与之竞争的产品。 

②America should seek to maintain military ___________________in the Western Pacific.  美国应试图维持其在西太平洋的军事优势。

3.  take over  占上风; 取而代之; 接管; 接手

_____________________ ...    占上风; 取而代之                                       ______________接管; 接手

______________ 学着做,开始做；占据（空间）；占用（时间）     ______________呈现；承担（责任）；雇佣

______________ 吸入；理解；欺骗                    ______________ 记下；拆除           _____________脱下；起飞；休假；迅速成功

【即学即练】

①Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city ______________ a new look.

②Briggs will _______________________ from Mitchell as general manager when he retires.

③To keep healthy, Professor Johnson _________________________cycling after he retired from school.

④He left a job in the city to take up ______________(farm).

4. conflict   n/v    矛盾；冲突；不一致        a conflict between two cultures 两种文化的冲突    

_________________________与……起冲突/抵触/矛盾      come/get/be into conflict 发生冲突

【即学即练】

① She found herself  in conflict________  her parents _______ her future career. 她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。

② John often _________________________his boss. 约翰经常和他的老板发生争执。

③ If so, you points of view are bound to ______________ his. 如果这样的话，你的观点一定会和他的起冲突。

5. labour   n. 1）_______；2）__________  3）________       ____________________labour 劳动力的短缺            labour force _____

Employers are using immigrants as  cheap labour. 雇主正在把移民当作______________使用。

The company wants to keep down  labour costs . 公司想保持______________。
She  went into labour  early. 她______________了。

v（vi.） 努力工作；奋斗  ______________ = struggle to do sth  努力做某事

【即学即练】     We ______________ all day in the fields. 我们在田地里辛勤劳动了一整天。

6. backwards   adv. 向后；倒着；往回        【opp】forwards    adv. 向前；向未来  

________________________来来回回        know sth backwards  ______________

【即学即练】

① He glanced backwards. ____________________________。

② I lost my balance and fell______________. 我没有站稳，仰面摔倒。
③________________________, we hope to expand our operations in several of our overseas branches.

展望未来，我们希望拓展其中几家海外分公司的业务。

④ He paced ____________________________ nervously. 他紧张地来回踱步。

7. pace   n. 速度；步伐；节奏          vt/vi 确定速度；调整节奏        ________________________ 来回踱步

_____________________ 与……并驾齐驱；齐步前进    ____the pace 确定速度;确立标准;领先    ______________按照自己的节奏

【即学即练】

① We encourage all students to work  ____________________  (= as fast or as slow as they can) .我们鼓励学生都按自己的节奏学习。

②He gave up his job in advertising because he couldn't ___________________  . 他辞去了广告业的工作，因为他承受不了那种节奏。

③ She found it hard to keep pace  _________him as he sped up.

④ The company is no longer _______________________in the home computer market. 这家公司不能在国内计算机市场独领风骚了。

8. urge   n. 强烈的欲望；冲动   have an urge to do sth≈ have a desire to do sth 有强烈的欲望去做某事

              v. 催促；力劝；大力推荐    _______________________力劝某人做某事          __________________ 大力推荐；竭力主张

  It is _____________________________    强烈要求                                        It is________________________________ 某事很紧急

   urgent    adj. 紧急的；急迫的；催促的      urgently   adv. 迫切地；紧急地；        

The law is ______________ of  reform. 这项法律亟待修订。

  urgency紧急的事；紧急；催促

【即学即练】

①It is strongly urged by students that the library ______________（keep) open during the weekend.学生极力主张图书馆周末也开放。

②It is of great ______________(urge) that we need to make the relative laws with the rapid growth of online shopping.

随着网上购物的迅速发展，我们急需制定相关的法律。

9. explode  v. 爆炸；爆破；情感迸发    __________  n.爆炸；爆破；激增   __________  adj. 爆炸的；易爆炸的；暴躁的，易怒的

   explode into laughter  突然大笑       explode with anger  勃然大怒

①The speaker’s mistake was so funny that the audience ______________ (explode) with laughter.

② How can we explain the recent population ______________(explode)？

③ His temper is ______________ (explode)，and he always______________(explode) with anger at small bad things.

10. a puff of...:  一缕; 一股; 一阵        ______________ 气喘吁吁

【即学即练】翻译句子：

① _________________________ blew the papers off the desk.    一阵风把桌子上的纸吹掉了。

② The hill was very steep and I soon _________________________ .    山很陡，我很快就喘不上气了。

11. random   adj. 任意的，随机的，胡乱的；  n. 随意，随机；<非正式>不认识的人，陌生人

     a  random sample/selection  _________________________       ______________  胡乱地；任意地；随便地=____________ adv.

【即学即练】    ① The terrorists fired on the crowd _______random.

② The information is processed in a random order.   (划线翻译) 信息是______________处理的。

12. turn out  关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是

【即学即练】  用turn的短语填空

①  He promised to come but hasn’t ____________________ yet.  （____出现__________）

②  The experiment ________________________to be a great success. (_____证明是_________)

③  Students ________________________ their homework as usual. (_____上交_________)

④  Whenever you are in trouble, you can ______________ the police for help.(______求助于________)

⑤  She has ______________several invitations to start at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. （拒绝）

13. fall_____逐渐消失    fall_____散开；崩溃；破碎；散架     fall down________. = fall ______从……掉下来   fall______后退，退却   

【即学即练】①The market for their products                         to almost nothing. 他们产品的市场几乎消失了。

② Inflation could                         into single figure as early as this month. 通货膨胀最早可能在本月回落到个位数。