02 湖北荆州卷- 2023年中考英语摸底卷（原卷版+解析版）

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2023年中考英语摸底卷
02 湖北荆州卷

一、单项选择
1．—We teenagers should look up to the people ______ have made great achievements to our country, like Yuan Longping.
—I think so.
A．who B．what C．which D．whose
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我们青少年应该尊敬像袁隆平这样为国家做出巨大成就的人。——我也这样认为。
考查定语从句。who在定语从句中指人，在句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；which在定语从句中指物，在句中作主语或宾语；whose在定语从句中指人或物，在句中作定语。根据语境可知，我们应该尊重像袁隆平这样的人，先行词people指人，且从句缺少主语，故应用who来引导定语从句。故选A。
2．Not only Jim but also Lucy ____________ a few cities since they came to China.
A．will visit B．visited C．have visited D．has visited
【答案】D
【解析】句意：自从他们来中国以来，不只Jim而且Lucy也参观了一些城市。
考查动词时态和主谓一致。will visit一般将来时；visited一般过去时；have visited现在完成时；has visited现在完成时，has是have的第三人称单数形式。根据句中“…since they came to China”可知，这里表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时态，排除A和B。主语是Not only Jim but also Lucy，谓语动词应根据就近原则，与Lucy一致，助动词用has。故选D。
3．— Do you know ___________?
— Yes. They’ll go there by train at 8:30 tomorrow morning.
A．how would they leave for Beijing
B．how will they leave for Beijing
C．how they would leave for Beijing
D．how they will leave for Beijing
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你知道他们什么时候出发去北京吗？——知道。他们明天早上8:30乘火车去那里。
考查宾语从句。how would they leave for Beijing过去将来时，疑问句语序；how will they leave for Beijing一般将来时，疑问句语序；how they would leave for Beijing过去将来时，陈述句语序；how they will leave for Beijing一般将来时，陈述句语序。根据答语中“at 8:30 tomorrow morning”可知，问句时态应为一般将来时，且问句为宾语从句，应为陈述句语序。故选D。
4．—Which of the shirts do you like better?
—I’ll take________. They are expensive and out of fashion.
A．neither B．either C．none D．both
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你更喜欢哪件衬衫？——我都不要。它们又贵又过时。
考查不定代词辨析。neither两者都不；either两者之一；none三者或以上都不；both两者都。根据“Which of the shirts do you like better?”可知，此处使用better比较级，所以是两者之间比较；又因为“They are expensive and out of fashion.”可知，说话人两者都不喜欢。故选A。
【点睛】解答普通不定代词类题目时，要判断表示两者还是三者及以上；表示肯定还是否定等：表示两者用both，either和neither，肯定用both，否定用neither，二者选其一用either；表示三者或三者以上用all，none，some，any等，肯定用all，否定用none。
5．一Mum, will you take me to the park tomorrow?
一If it _______ rainy.
A．won’t B．doesn’t C．isn’t D．won’t be
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——妈妈，你明天会带我去公园吗？——如果不下雨的话。
考查条件状语从句。A. won’t将不；B. doesn’t不；C. isn’t不；D. won’t be将不。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”的时态原则，主句用了一般将来时，if引导的从句则用一般现在时，故排除AD。否定形容词借助be动词，否定实意动词借助助动词，因为rainy为形容词，所以用be动词， 故选C。
6．—Have you ever been to a concert recently?
—Well. I am so busy that I can’t ________ time to enjoy a concert.
A．spend B．avoid C．spare D．take
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你最近去过音乐会吗？——唉。我太忙了，抽不出时间去听音乐会。
考查动词辨析。spend花费；avoid避免；spare抽出，拿出（时间、金钱等）；take花费。根据“I am so busy”可知太忙了抽不出时间。故选C。
7．—________ interesting science class we had today!
—Yes! Now I know more about how the earth and the sun move!
A．What an B．What C．How an D．How
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——今天我们上了一堂多么有趣的科学课啊！——是的！现在我对地球和太阳的运动有了更多的了解。
考查感叹句的用法。感叹句的结构有：how+形容词/副词+主谓，what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓，以及what+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主谓。根据“interesting science class”可知，其为名词短语，中心词为class，是单数可数名词，应该用what引导感叹句，又因为interesting是以元音音素开头的单词，所以前面用不定冠词an。故选A。
8．Doctors always try to do ________ to save patients.
A．anything possible B．possible anything C．everything possible D．possible everything
【答案】C
【解析】句意：医生总是尽一切可能挽救病人的生命。
考查不定代词。anything任何事；everything每件事，一切；possible可能的。结合语境和“Doctors always try to do”可知，医生总是尝试一切有可能的事来拯救病人，“一切”应用everything，由于形容词修饰不定代词时，应放在不定代词的后面，故此处应用everything possible 。故选C。
9．—May I speak to Mr. Jones?
—I’m sorry he ________ to Shanghai. But he will be back in one week.
A．went B．goes C．has gone D．has been
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我能和琼斯先生通话吗？——我很抱歉他去上海了。但是一周后会回来。
考查时态。go去，离开。根据语境“I’m sorry he...to Shanghai. But he will be back in one week.”可知，琼斯先生现在不在，一周后才回来。“have/has gone to”译为“去了某地，没有回来”；“have/has been to”译为“曾经去过某地，现在回来了”。故选C。
10．The opening of 24th Winter Olympics Games was held in Beijing ________ the evening of February 4th, 2022.
A．in B．at C．on D．for
【答案】C
【解析】句意：第24届冬奥会开幕式于2022年2月4日晚在北京举办。
考查介词用法辨析。in在……之内，后接不具体时间；at在……点钟，后常接时间点；on在……之时，后接具体时间；for达，计，后接时间段。根据“the evening of February 4th, 2022”可知，其为具体时间，故应用on。故选C。

二、完形填空
One time, I was with a group of strangers in India. I was giving a presentation when the power suddenly ___11___. It was in a dark hall, and I was with two other colleagues (同事). I was so ___12___ because we had invited all these people here. It was a public talk, and we couldn’t do anything about it. Our microphone was gone. There was no light. Everyone was sitting here in ___13___, and I was just thinking, “Oh my goodness.”
You know, when the thing happened, you felt like you should be in ___14___ of it, because you were hosting the event. I was so embarrassed, and we just kept going on talking in the dark, ___15___ people would stay. It was really ridiculous (荒谬的). I mean, there were no windows. Nothing. It was just a dark hall.
All of a ___16___, a man in the back put up his phone, and put the little light from his phone on. Two more people. Three people. Then, all people came on, and everyone was shining their ___17___ of their phones at us. It lit up the whole hall.
___18___ them, I finished my presentation perfectly at last. When people gave a warm applause (掌声) and praise on me, I got out my phone and took a ___19___ of everyone with their lights shining at me.
It was the most beautiful scene —  feeling that we’re all in together. That is not anyone’s fault. We’re just all here, and we’re all ____20____ each other.
It was the most beautiful feeling of love from strangers I’d ever experienced.
11．A．went in B．went on C．went off D．went out
12．A．afraid B．embarrassed C．thankful D．unbelievable
13．A．darkness B．warmth C．attention D．business
14．A．feeling B．difficulty C．control D．kindness
15．A．warming B．asking C．explaining D．hoping
16．A．mistake B．sudden C．step D．disbelief
17．A．lights B．hands C．glasses D．eyes
18．A．According to B．As long as C．In order to D．Thanks to
19．A．treasure B．spirit C．picture D．passage
20．A．supporting B．recording C．collecting D．considering

【短文大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次演讲时突然停电，正在作者万分尴尬时，在一个男子的带动下，大家打开手机的手电筒照亮，最后作者完美地完成演讲，作者十分感动。
【答案解析】
11．句意：我正在做演讲，突然停电了。
went in进去；went on继续；went off响起；went out熄灭。根据“It was in a dark hall”可知应是停电了，故选D。
12．句意：我是如此的尴尬，因为是我们邀请所有这些人到。
afraid害怕；embarrassed尴尬的；thankful感谢的；unbelievable难以置信的。根据“ because we had invited all these people here”和“It was a public talk, and we couldn’t do anything about it”可知应是尴尬的，故选B。
13．句意：每个人都坐在黑暗里，我只是在想“哦，天哪”。
darkness黑暗；warmth温暖；attention注意；business生意。根据“ There was no light.”可知没有光，故选A。
14．句意：你知道当事情发生时，你感觉你好像应该掌控这个局面，因为你正主办这个活动。
feeling情感；difficulty困难；control控制；kindness仁慈。结合备选项可知be in control of“掌控”符合语境，故选C。
15．句意：我是如此的尴尬以至于我们继续在黑暗中演讲，希望人们不要走。
warming使温暖；asking问；explaining解释；hoping希望。根据上文可知作者是主办方，所以应是希望人们呆在那不走，故选D。
16．句意：突然，后面的一个人举起他的手机并且打开他手机上的小灯。
mistake错误；sudden突然；step步骤；disbelief怀疑。结合备选词汇可知all of a sudden“突然”符合语境，故选B。
17．句意：然后所有的人都打开手机上的手电筒照耀着我们。
lights灯；hands手；glasses眼镜；eyes眼睛。根据上题可知应是打开手机上的小灯，故选A。
18．句意：多亏了他们，最后我完美地完成了我的讲座。
according to根据；as long as只要；in order to为了；thanks to多亏了。根据上文可知停电的情况下，他们为作者提供了手机的光亮，所以多亏了他们，故选D。
19．句意：我拿出我的手机拍了一张大家将他们的手电筒照向我的照片。
treasure财宝；spirit精神；picture图片；passage篇章。结合备选词汇可知take a picture“照相”符合语境，故选C。
20．句意：我们都在这儿，并且我们所有的人互相支持。
supporting支持；recording录制；collecting收集；considering考虑。根据上文可知大家彼此支持，故选A。

三、 阅读单选
A

21．In which of the following might the passage come from?
A．A newspaper. B．A guidebook.
C．A health report. D．A copy of instructions.
22．If you buy one medium-firm and two medium-soft, how much do you just need to pay?
A．£49.99 B．£59.98 C．£79.98 D．£89.97
23．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．The pillow is designed in America.
B．Only the soft pillows are available.
C．The pillow is made of two kinds of material.
D．The shape of the pillow won’t change at night.

【短文大意】
本文是一则有关枕头的广告，包括它的价格、性能等。
【答案解析】
21．推理判断题。本文是一则有关枕头的广告，故文章可能出现在报纸上。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“Single Gx pillows @ £29.99 each”以及“Twinpack GX pillows @ £49.99 per pack”可知单人枕头每个29.99英镑，2个中等软度的枕头是49.99英镑，故三个枕头需要79.98英镑。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“The lastest technology keeps the shape of the pillow throught the night”以及“Stay full all night long”可知最新的技术使枕头的形状整夜保持不变。故选D。

B
Feeling sweaty from a summer heat wave? Don’t worry—not all your sweat* has to go to waste. Researchers from University of California, San Diego have developed a new device* that produces energy from the sweat on your fingertips.
The device is called a biofuel cell (BFC). From the outside, it looks like a simple piece of film connected to electrodes. So how does the device work? When you stick the biofuel cell to your finger, it takes in sweat. The enzymes* on the electrodes then help to produce electricity. Besides using the sweat, the device also produces small amounts of energy when it is pressed, so daily activities like typing, texting, or playing the piano are all good ways to generate electricity.
Some people may think it queer to choose fingertips as the source of sweat, but in fact, they are the sweatiest part of the body. Each finger produces between 100 and 1,000 times more sweat than most other areas.
To date, the device is the most effective on—body energy producer. Before it is invented, most power producing wearable devices require wearers to perform exercise or depend on other sources, such as sunlight or large changes in temperature. But the new device uses a passive system to produce electricity from sweat in your fingertips.even if you are sleeping or sitting completely still. One of the researchers Lu Yin said, “Uniike other sweat—powered wearables this one requires no exercise, no physical input from the wearer in order to be useful. This work is a step forward to making wearables more practical, convenient and accessible.”
It’s also quite comfortable to wear the device. The size of the device is about 1cm². Its material is flexible as well. “So you don’t need to worry about it being too rigid or feeling strange. You can comfortably wear it for a long period of time,” said Yin.
However, at the moment, the device can only store up a little bit power, and would take about three weeks of constant wear to power a smartphone, but the researchers hope to increase its power in the future.
24．A biofuel cell can ________.
A．protect fingertips B．cause a heat wave
C．make use of sweat D．develop new devices
25．The underlined word “queer” probably means ________.
A．strange B．unsafe C．dirty D．traditional
26．While wearing the biofuel cell, who can make the biofuel cell work?
① Edward has a good sleep in his bed. ② Betty sends a text message to her mom.③ Nick plays basketball with his classmates④ Lily dries the sweat on her hands with a fan.
A．②③④ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．①②③
27．What is the advantage of the biofuel cell?
A．It can influence the temperature greatly.
B．It can power a smartphone in a day.
C．It makes you comfortable when you’re in pain.
D．It works for nearly 24 hours a day when you wear it.

【短文大意】
本文是说明文，介绍了新科技生物燃料电池。
【答案解析】
24．推理判断题。根据“When you stick the biofuel cell to your finger, it takes in sweat.”和“Besides using the sweat, the device also produces small amounts of energy when it is pressed”可知，生物燃料电池可以利用汗水。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据“choose fingertips as the source of sweat”和“but in fact, they are the sweatiest part of the body.”可知，人们普遍认为指尖的汗水比较少，所以利用指尖的汗水作为来源对人们来说是很奇怪的，故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据“so daily activities like typing, texting, or playing the piano are all good ways to generate electricity”和“But the new device uses a passive system to produce electricity from sweat in your fingertips, even if you are sleeping or sitting completely stul.”可知，人们日常睡觉，发信息还有运动都会让生物燃料电池运转，故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据“You can comfortably wear it for a long period of time”可知，当你戴着它的时候，它几乎一天24小时都在工作。故选D。

C

In space, it’s impossible to go outside a spacecraft without wearing a spacesuit. Temperatures in the sunlight can reach 120℃. Without a spacesuit your blood would boil and your body would break open. And you`d be exposed to dangerous radiation from the Sun. In the shade, with temperatures falling to-100℃, you would freeze to death. And one other small thing—there’s no oxygen, so you wouldn’t be able to breathe.
A spacesuit is made of lots of different layers, all protecting the astronaut from the dangers of walking in space. The outer layers connect together so that all of the astronaut’s body is covered. On the astronauts chest is the Hard Upper Torso piece, or HUT. All the controls for the spacesuit are on the HUT.
Air and water tubes connect the HUT to a backpack that the astronaut wears. The backpack holds oxygen and water and provides electricity for the suit. A fan moves the oxygen through the suit so the astronaut can breathe. And the water flows through a special piece of clothing that is worn under the suit—the Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment. It is full of tubes. Water flows through them to keep the astronaut cool during a spacewalk.
The backpack also has a radio in it. This radio is connected to a cap on the astronaut’s head under the large helmet. This allows the astronaut to talk with the others in the spacecraft, and with people on the Earth.
Altogether, a spacesuit has fourteen layers. One garment is rather surprising. Some spacewalks can last for six or eight hours. There are no toilets out there, so a very important part of the spacesuit is a diaper!
28．The controls for a spacesuit are on the ___________.
A．helmet B．Hard Upper Torso piece
C．backpack D．Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment
29．___________ keeps astronauts cool in a spacesuit.
A．Drinking lots of water B．Going outside a spacecraft
C．Water flows through tubes D．A radio is connected to a cap
30．A diaper is ___________.
A．an instrument that provides electricity
B．an inventor that we use to make air move
C．a kind of bag or box that you wear on your back
D．a piece of cloth that a baby wears between its legs
31．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To introduce the dangers of astronauts in space.
B．To explain how astronauts communicate in the sky.
C．To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of spacesuits
D．To describe the main parts of a spacesuit and how they work.

【短文大意】
本文描述了宇航服的主要部件及其工作原理。
【答案解析】
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“On the astronauts chest is the Hard Upper Torso piece, or HUT. All the controls for the spacesuit are on the HUT.”可知在宇航员的胸部是硬上躯干，或HUT。宇航服的所有控制装置都在HUT上。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段“It is full of tubes. Water flows through them to keep the astronaut cool during a spacewalk.”可知宇航服充满了管子，在太空行走中，水流过管子，使宇航员保持凉爽。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are no toilets out there, so a very important part of the spacesuit is a diaper!”可知太空没有厕所，所以宇航服的一个非常重要的部分就是尿布。推知是类似婴儿穿的尿布。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。通读全文，可知本文描述了宇航服的主要部件及其工作原理。故选D。

D

These days there is so much tempting technology to look at: smartphones, tablet computers, computer games and TV screens. Much of our entertainment and education comes from using them, so it’s no wonder we spend so much time staring at them. But even if the saying that looking at a screen for too long gives you square eyes isn’t true, there is still some concern that it can affect your eyesight. So, should we be worried?
Certainly for children who spend hours glued to a screen there is a concern that their health might be at risk. The lack of physical activity can lead to an increase in their weight. But there is a fear that their eyesight is becoming worse, too. Although there’s not much evidence to prove this yet, recent findings have opened our eyes to the problem.
Katherine Sellgren from BBC News interviewed Chris Hammond, professor of ophthalmology at King’s College London and consultant ophthalmic surgeon at St Thomas’ Hospital. He said, “We know that myopia, or short-sightedness, is becoming more common... It has reached a very high level in East Asia and Singapore, where coming near to 90% of 18-year-olds are now short-sighted.”
But can this be connected to children’s obsession with using electronic products? Annegret Dahlmann-Noor, consultant ophthalmologist at Moorfields Eye Hospital in London says lack of natural light seems to be the key reason. She also thinks children in East Asia study a lot, using computers, smartphones or tablet computers, and they go outside less, which could be a cause of short-sightedness. Wearing glasses is one solution, but it’s not perfect or most suitable.
This leads to a dilemma: achieving short-term success in study or protecting your long-term eyesight. It’s always going to be a challenge to pull children away from their screens and its likely that more and more studying will be done online, through a screen. Professor Hammond says, “in countries like urban China, where 10% of children in each class per year are becoming short-sighted from about the age of six, there’s an argument for saying we should be trying to prevent it.” It’s evidence we can’t turn a blind eye to. So, maybe it’s time to hit the “off” button and get our children outside!
32．What will happen to a kid if he keeps his eyes on the tablet computer for a long time?
A．He will become more active. B．His eyesight will become weak.
C．He will learn a lot from the tablet. D．His looking should be dressed up.
33．Which area has the highest short-sightedness rate according to the professor at King’s college?
A．In East Asia. B．In West Asia.
C．In South Asia. D．In Middle East.
34．More and more children have short-sightedness problem because they ________.
A．sleep less, often playing games B．study a lot, hardly going outside
C．focus on smartphones all the time D．stay in natural light for a long time
35．What suggestion can we get from the last paragraph?
A．10% of children of each class in China cities are becoming short-sighted.
B．Most children succeed in their subjects in short terms but 10% short-sighted.
C．All children should be pulled from electric products like tablets and smart phones.
D．Some proper measures should be taken to deal with the myopia problem of the children.

【短文大意】
本文论述了智能手机、平板电脑、电脑游戏和电视屏幕等在使用的过程中因为长时间看屏幕而影响视力的现象。
【答案解析】
32．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“children in East Asia study a lot, using computers, smartphones or tablet computers, and they go outside less, which could be a cause of short-sightedness.”可知孩子学习很多，使用电脑、智能手机或平板电脑，很少外出，这可能是近视的原因。推知长时间盯着平板电脑会使得视力变弱。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“It has reached a very high level in East Asia and Singapore, where coming near to 90% of 18-year-olds are now short-sighted.”可知在东亚和新加坡，近视已达到很高的水平，近90%的18岁青少年现在近视。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“children in East Asia study a lot, using computers, smartphones or tablet computers, and they go outside less, which could be a cause of short-sightedness.”可知孩子学习很多，使用电脑、智能手机或平板电脑，很少外出，这可能是近视的原因。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So, maybe it’s time to hit the “off” button and get our children outside!”可知是时候让我们的孩子出去了，即让孩子们尽可能远离屏幕保护视力。也就是应该采取一些适当的措施来处理儿童的近视问题。故选D。

四、阅读还原5选5
阅读以下几种关于故事开头的写作手法，完成后面的任务。
A good beginning of a story interests the readers and leaves them wanting more. How to write the beginning of a story? Here are several ways.
请将上面A、B、C、D、E五种写作手法与下面关于“The Little Match Girl”故事开头进行匹配，在空白处填写相应的字母。
____36____ It was Christmas Eve with heavy snow. The wind was blowing strongly. Many people were getting together in their warm homes. A little girl was selling matches on the cold and dark street.
____37____ “Matches! Please buy my matches!?” The little girl signed, “Nobody buys any matches!” ____38____ The poor little match girl was dressed in shabby clothes and had no shoes on. She felt so cold and hungry.
____39____ Have you heard the story of the little girl who sold matches? It is a well-known fairy tale written by Andersen.
____40____ Most of us have a happy childhood, but there was a poor little girl who made a living by selling matches. I think she was weak, poor and helpless.
A．Question. Start a story with a question.
B．Character. Introduce the characters of the story.
C．Sound. Make some sound to make the story lively.
D．Opinion. Share an opinion which matches the story.
E．Background. Describe the background of the story such as the weather, the place, etc.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了如何写好故事的开头。
【答案解析】
36．根据“It was Christmas Eve with heavy snow. The wind was blowing strongly. Many people were getting together in their warm homes. A little girl was selling matches on the cold and dark street.”可知，此处描述了故事发生的背景。选项E“背景。描述故事的背景，如天气、地点等。”符合语境。故选E。
37．根据“Matches! Please buy my matches!?”以及“The little girl signed, ‘Nobody buys any matches!’”可知，此处介绍了声音。选项C“声音。制造一些声音，使故事生动活泼。”符合语境。故选C。
38．根据“The poor little match girl was dressed in shabby clothes and had no shoes on. She felt so cold and hungry.”可知，此处介绍了故事的主人公。选项B“人物。介绍故事中的人物。”符合语境。故选B。
39．根据“Have you heard the story of the little girl who sold matches?”可知，此处提了一个问题。选项A“问题。用一个问题开始一个故事。”故选A。
40．根据“Most of us have a happy childhood, but there was a poor little girl who made a living by selling matches. I think she was weak, poor and helpless.”可知，作者可以分享自己的观点来开始这个故事。选项D“观点。分享与故事相匹配的观点。”故选D。

五、短文综合填空
阅读下面的短文，在短文空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式，使短文的意思完整。将所填答案填写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。

Tianwen-1 carries out China’s first autonomous Mars exploration mission(自主火星探测任务). On the morning of May 15, it ____41____ (success) landed on Mars. Zhang Rongqiao, the chief designer, was so excited that he couldn’t help crying.
Zhang was chosen as one of the top ten people “who helped shape science” in 2021 by the British magazine Nature. He became the only Chinese on this ____42____ (year) list. Under the leadership of Zhang, China ____43____ (take) a big step in space exploration already.
In the Mars mission, Zhang led a team of thousands of ____44____ (research). The team was responsible ____45____ technical work like flight control and scientific research on Mars.
There were many challenges. They knew little about ____46____ special environment of Mars. “We may not even know what we do not know about, ” Zhang said.
During the process, Zhang guided the team to make the decision that sent an orbiter (轨道飞行器), a lander (着陆器) and a rover (探测器) to Mars together in one time—making China the ____47____ (one) country to do so. “That’s a great progress ____48____ China is doing in a single go, which took NASA several tens of years to do,” said Roberto Orosei.
Zhang also made the important decision to land on Utopia Planitia, where it is believed there are ____49____ (usual) terrains(地形) for scientists to study than elsewhere. He hopes that the mission can do as much research as possible and bring back “rich” information. We have reasons to believe that a better and brighter future of human spaceflight ____50____ (build) through our hard work.

【短文大意】
本文讲述了天问一号执行中国首次自主火星探测任务，在5月15日上午成功登陆火星，它的总设计师是张荣桥。
【答案解析】
41．句意：5月15日上午，它成功登陆火星。用来修饰空后的动词“landed”所以用副词修饰动词。故填successfully。
42．句意：他成为今年榜单上唯一的中国人。 根据空后的“list”可知，这里表示在“今年的”榜单上，用所有格形式。故填year’s。
43．句意：在张的领导下，中国已经在太空探索方面迈出了一大步。根据句子中的“already”可知，是现在完成时，主语是单数名词，助动词用has，故填has taken。
44．句意：在火星任务中，张荣桥带领了一个由数千名研究人员组成的团队。根据句子中的“Zhang led a team of ”可知这里表示带领一组“研究人员”，researcher是可数名词，用复数形式。故填researchers。
45．句意：该团队负责技术工作，如飞行控制和火星上的科学研究。be responsible for“对……有责任的”。故填for。
46．句意：他们对火星的特殊环境知之甚少。根据句子中的“of Mars”可知，这里特指火星上的特殊环境。故填the。
47．句意：使中国成为第一个这样做的国家。根据空前的“the ”可知，这里用序数词。故填first。
48．句意：这是一个很大的进步，因为中国是一次性完成的，而美国宇航局花了几十年才完。空后“China is doing in a single go, which took NASA several tens of years to do”是空前“That’s a great progress ”中国取得了巨大进步的原因。故填because。
49．句意：张还做出了在乌托邦平原着陆的重要决定，人们相信那里有比其他地方更多不寻常的地形可供科学家研究。根据后文“than elsewhere”及空前的be动词可知，是形容词的比较级，由“for scientists to study”可知，是不同寻常的地形。故填more unusual。
50．句意：我们有理由相信，通过我们的努力，人类航天将会有一个更加美好的未来。根据前文“We have reasons to believe that a better and brighter future of ...”可知，这是未来的事情，所以用一般将来时，主语是“human spaceflight”，应是人类航天“被建造”，所以是一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be built。

六、完成句子
51．听轻音乐让我更容易入睡。（it）
Listening to light music ______________ for me to fall asleep.
【答案】makes it easier
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，用于“make+it+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”意为“让某人……做某事”，更容易：easier，描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是动名词，谓语动词用单三。故填makes it easier。
52．房间是空的，意味着劳拉还没有回来。（come）
The room is empty, which means Laura ______________ yet.
【答案】hasn’t come back
【解析】根据“yet”可知，句子的时态用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语是Laura，此处表示否定，应在助动词后加“not”，has not=hasn’t；回来：come back，动词短语；come的过去分词是“come”。故填hasn’t come back。
53．我认为这个问题应该快速处理。（deal）
I think this problem ______________ quickly.（deal）
【答案】should be dealt with
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处表达的意思是“应该处理”，problem和deal之间的关系是被动关系，该句应该使用被动语态，结构是be done；情态动词should“应该”，后面需要接动词原形，deal with“处理……”，deal的过去分词结构是dealt，故填should be dealt with。
54．Are you sure that ________ a sudents’ Talent Show in our school next Saturday?
你确定下周六我们学校有一场学生达人秀？（be）
【答案】there will be ## there is going to be
【解析】“有”的英文表达为“there be”；又根据“next Saturday”可知，时态为一般将来时，“there be”的一般将来时表达为“there will be”或者“there is/are going to be”，根据“a”可知，这里用is。故填there will be/there is going to be。
55．Three Chinese astronauts ________ from Tiangong space station the moment when I turned on TV two months ago.
两个月前，我打开电视的那刻三名中国航天员在天宫空间站授课。（give）
【答案】were giving a lesson##were giving lessons
【解析】根据汉语可知，空缺处为“授课”，英文表达为“give a lesson/lessons”；又根据“the moment when I turned on TV two months ago.”可知，此句为过去进行时，过去进行时结构：was/were+doing。主语“Three Chinese astronauts”为复数，所以be用were。故填were giving a lesson/lessons。

七、材料作文
56．英语课上，大家针对中学生节食减肥这一话题进行了讨论，请你根据以下要点提示写篇短文，谈谈自己的看法。
提示：1.健康比漂亮更重要；
2.学生应该以学习为主，不要过于注重外貌和别人的看法；
3.可通过多锻炼和改变不良饮食习惯保持健康；
4.保持健康的心态。
注意：1.短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥；
2.80词左右。（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）
参考词汇：dieting节食；appearance外貌；state of mind心态
Quite a few students choose to lose weight by dieting. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Quite a few students choose to lose weight by dieting.
In my opinion, health is more important than beauty. For a student, studying is always the first thing to consider. Don’t pay much attention to your appearance and don’t let others’ opinions influence your normal life. However, if you really want to lose weight, it is a good idea to do it by getting more exercise and changing your unhealthy eating habits. You should also keep a healthy state of mind. It can not only help with your studies, but also help you overcome difficulties in dieting. So be happy every day, don’t worry too much about weight.
【解析】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇议论文，要求对中学生节食这一话题谈谈自己的看法；
② 时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：文章写作提示已经给出，写作时应包含所给提示，另外可以适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步：陈述自己关于健康，学习，锻炼及心态的看法；
第二步：文章最后对自己的观点进行总结。
[亮点词汇]
① in my opinion依我看
② pay attention to关注，注意
③ appearance外表
④ overcome difficulties克服困难
[高分句型]
① However, if you really want to lose weight, it is a good idea to do it by getting more exercise and changing your unhealthy eating habits.（用if引导条件状语从句）
② It can not only help with your studies, but also help you overcome difficulties in dieting.（并列连词not only...but also的使用，使文章具有连贯性）