Unit 2（培优卷）——2022-2023学年九年级英语全册（上册 下册）单元卷（仁爱版）（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份初中英语仁爱科普版九年级下册本册综合课后作业题，文件包含Unit2培优卷2022-2023学年九年级英语全册上册下册单元卷仁爱版解析版docx、Unit2培优卷2022-2023学年九年级英语全册上册下册单元卷仁爱版原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。

（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）
一、选择题（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。）
1．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）The vlunteers cntinued their wrk ________ they were very tired.
A．ifB．becauseC．althughD．as
2．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）Middle Schl students shuld learn ________ time and make gd use f every minute.
A．t wasteB．t chseC．t recrdD．t manage
3．（2022·广西·二模）Tina and her parents visited England ______. They had a gd time there.
A．hardlyB．prbablyC．suddenlyD．recently
4．（2022·全国·九年级专题练习）Spending t much time playing cmputer games ________ ur eyes.
A．is harm tB．is injured frC．is badly tD．is harmful t
5．（2022·福建省福州第十六中学模拟预测）—This time, we must depend n urselves t slve the prblem.
— I agree. _______ but we urselves can find a way ut.
A．EverybdyB．NbdyC．Smebdy
6．（2022·吉林长春·二模）The vlunteers frm Mei Heku helped us a lt in ur neighbrhd. ________f my neighbrs respect and thank them.
A．AllB．BthC．NneD．Neither
7．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）—I dn’t knw hw t ________ the ld clthes.
—Yu can give them away t the charity.
A．sell utB．take awayC．give backD．deal with
8．（2021·北京市第二中学分校九年级期中）I called Jim last night, ________ he didn’t answer the phne.
A．frB．andC．butD．r
9．（2021·湖北·房县教学研究中心九年级期中）—Every time I asked Tm abut that questin, he just kept silent r smiled.
—Didn’t yu see that he was trying t ________ that tpic?
A．hideB．cverC．keepD．avid
10．（2021·四川省荣县中学校九年级期中）The number f the students wh study abrad ________ in the past few years.
A．have risenB．has develpedC．has increasedD．have increased
二、完形填空（本题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分。）
When peple talk abut pllutin, they are usually thinking abut utdr air ___11___. But d yu knw that there is ___12___ air pllutin inside hmes, ffices, htels and ther buildings? The air in yur hme can be 2 t 100 times ___13___ plluted than the air utdrs. In fact, sme American dctrs say that 50％ f illness have ___14___ t d with plluted indr air.
A lt f pllutin cmes frm indr activities ___15___ smking and cking. As mst peple ___16___ abut 80—90％f their time inside buildings. ___17___ is imprtant t take indr air pllutin s eriusly, t.
Air pllutin influences ur health ___18___. When the ___19___ is plluted, nt nly yung children and ld peple ____20____ frm it, ____21____ peple with health prblems suffer as well. Indr air pllutin can ____22____ peple’s eyes, nses, and thrats. Air pllutin, bth indr and utdr, can als ____23____ t lung cancer and heart disease! In the Great Lndn Fg in 1952, 4000 peple died in a few days ____24____ the pllutin! It ____25____ that half a millin yung children and wmen die each year in India because f indr air pllutin!
11．A．pllutinB．plluteC．pllutingD．plluted
12．A．tB．eitherC．as wellD．als
13．A．muchB．mreC．manyD．even
14．A．nthingB．everythingC．smethingD．anything
15．A．as well asB．such asC．instead fD．s as
16．A．takeB．cstC．spendD．give
17．A．thereB．itC．thatD．this
18．A．in many waysB．in many thingsC．in many husesD．in many years
19．A．waterB．silC．lightD．air
20．A．endureB．bearC．standD．suffer (受痛苦)
21．A．andB．butC．rD．while
22．A．hitB．hurtC．plluteD．beat
23．A．causeB．getC．giveD．lead
24．A．because fB．thanks tC．related tD．because
25．A．saidB．saysC．is saidD．say
三、阅读理解（本题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分。）
A
（2021·湖北·鄂州市梁子湖区教学研究室九年级期中）
Yu might nt think much abut where yur garbage ges. But nw yu might want t knw. On July 1, Shanghai intrduced a new garbage-srting plicy (垃圾分类政策). Peple there need t put different kinds f garbage int different bins. Other cities in China will d the same sn.
Garbage srting is a big prblem because there is t much garbage these days. It is bad fr ur envirnment. In fact, we can make use f sme garbage again. But first, we need t srt it.
Fr example, if yu put an ld battery (电池) int the “harmful waste” bin, peple can use it t make new batteries. But if yu dn’t, the battery will end up smewhere else. Then, it will pllute the envirnment.
Garbage srting and recycling arund the wrld
Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets. Yu can put bttles in the machines and get mney back.
Japan: A truck playing music cmes t peple’s drs t pick up their garbage. There are eight r mre kinds f garbage. If yu srt any f them wrng, yu will get a ntice n yur dr.
Indnesia: Peple can take buses fr free if they give plastic bttles t bus-statins. An hur-lng bus ride csts three large bttles.
Fur kinds f garbage in Shanghai
Recyclable garbage includes paper, bks, plastic items, and glass bttles. Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, and ther things with harmful chemicals (化学品). Wet garbage usually cmes frm the kitchen, such as fd and vegetables. Dry garbage is anything yu cannt put int the ther three bins, pens and twels, fr example.
26．What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A．Many cuntries take Shanghai’s garbage-srting plicy.
B．Many ther cities in China have garbage-srting plicies.
C．Shanghai is the first city in China t make a garbage-srting plicy.
D．China is the first cuntry in the wrld t make a garbage-srting plicy.
27．The writer gives the “battery” example t tell us ________.
A．hw t srt ur garbageB．hw imprtant srting is
C．what harmful waste is D．hw difficult srting is
28．If yu ________, yu can take a free bus ride in Indnesia.
A．put bttles in a machineB．take plastic bttles t the statin
C．get a ntice n the drD．put garbage int different bins
29．Which bin shuld “newspapers” g t?
A．B．
C．D．
30．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Different Cuntries, Different pliciesB．Less garbage, Cleaner Envirnment
C．Clean Shanghai, Beautiful ChinaD．Srt garbage, Save earth
B
（2021·福建省福州第十九中学九年级期中）
Garbage r trash is a majr kind f envirnmental pllutin. Each persn prduces abut 2kg f trash a day. We are making waste prducts faster than nature can break them dwn. And we are using up resurces faster than they can be replaced.
This adds up t truble fr the envirnment. Where des all that garbage g? What can be dne t help dispse f(处理) garbage? Hw can we make less garbage?
Garbage isn’t just the smelly rtting fruits, vegetables r meat that we thrw away in ur hmes. Thse are nly a small part f all the stuff we thrw away. We create ther kinds f waste in cnstructin, mining and in ur factries.
Did yu ever wnder what happens t yur garbage? Mst is burned r buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). Less than a quarter f ur waste is recycled.
With a ppulatin f 1.3 billin, garbage is a big prblem fr China. Chinese cities create arund 148 millin tns f garbage every year. The amunt is grwing at arund 10 percent each year.
Once we used abut 3 billin plastic shpping bags every day in China. The result was a great waste f resurces and serius pllutin. S we did smething abut that. Nw we use mre clth bags and shpping baskets when we shp.
In the cming years China will build waste-t-energy plants in cities t clean up the garbage. But there’s a lt mre that needs t be dne. And yu can play a part.
31．What can be learned frm the first paragraph?
A．Garbage is the mst serius envirnmental pllutin.
B．Each persn prduces 20kg f garbage a week.
C．Nature can break the garbage dwn as sn as we prduce it.
D．We may use up ur resurces befre they can be replaced.
32．Which f the fllwing places prbably prduce the mst garbage?
A．hmesB．schlsC．factriesD．parks
33．The underlined wrd “plant” in the last paragraph means ________.
A．沙堆B．设备C．工厂D．大箱子
34．What is the purpse f writing this article?
A．Hw t deal with garbage in daily life.
B．Let’s make the Earth a cleaner place.
C．New resurces shuld be fund.
D．We must reduce prducing garbage at hme.
35．Wh d yu think the writer mst likely is?
A．An English scientist.B．A Chinese jurnalist.
C．A UN gvernr.D．An American student.
C
（2021·湖北·武汉市武珞路中学九年级期中）
Yu can see a sea turtle named Herman, an ctpus (章鱼) called Octavia, and a seal named Lidia at the Smithsnian’s Natinal Z in Washingtn. D．C．Rather than real animals. they are actually artwrks made ut f plastic trash frm the cean.
These artwrks are part f a traveling exhibit called “Washed Ashre: Art t Save the Sea” The Washed Ashre prject, led by the artist called Pzzi, wrks t raise attentin abut plastic pllutin in Earth’s ceans.
Mre than 315 billin punds f plastic litter the wrld’s ceans tday. Mst f the plastic is garbage frm twns and cities, as well as trash that peple leave n beaches. Rainwater, winds, and high tides bring the trash int the cean r int rivers that lead t the cean. Once it is under the waves, the plastic begins t break up int smaller and smaller pieces.
Thusands f sea animals die each year frm eating plastic bags and ther things. Each year, millins mre punds f plastic end up in the cean. A recent study fund that if that cntinues, by 2050 the ttal weight f plastic will be mre than that f all the fish in the cean.
The Washed Ashre prject is wrking t stp that frm happening. Since 2010, Washed Ashre vlunteers have cllected 38, 000 punds f plastic trash frm mre than 300 miles f beaches. They helped Pzzi create mre than 60 artwrks f sea creatures harmed by plastic pllutin.
“These artwrks are a pwerful reminder f ur persnal rle and glbal respnsibility in preserving bidiversity (生物多样性) n land and in the sea,” says Dennis Kelly, directr f the Natinal Z.
36．What is the purpse f the artwrks shwn at the Smithsnian’s Natinal Z?
A．T let peple knw abut animals in the cean.
B．T intrduce ne way f recycling plastic trash.
C．T warn peple f plastic pllutin in the cean.
D．T shw Pzzi’s great gift fr creating artwrks.
37．Accrding t the passage, what is the surce f plastic pllutin in the cean?
A．Garbage frm twns and cities.
B．Trash left n beaches by peple.
C．Plastic bags brken up by waves.
D．Litter created by human activities.
38．The data in Paragraph5is given t prve that ___________.
A．plastic pllutin will be less serius in the cean
B．mre and mre artwrks f sea creatures will be made
C．the Washed Ashre prject has made great achievements
D．vlunteers can slve the cean pllutin successfully by 2050
39．What’s Dennis Kelly’s attitude twards the artwrks?
A．Wrried.B．Active.C．Dubtful.D．Uncncerned.
40．What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．Stpping Envirnmental Pllutin.B．Wrking fr Washed Ashre.
C．Cllecting Plastic Trash.D．Turning Trash int Art.
D
（2021·河北·石家庄市第四十中学九年级期中）
When yu think f the Arctic, yu imagine an icy land f pure white snw. Others imagine it was the last really clean place left n earth. We have plluted the deepest ceans with plastic rubbish. “And nw”, CNN says, “It’s the Arctic’s turn.”
German scientists have recently fund micrplastics in Arctic snw. Micrplastics are pieces f plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists fund 1800 pieces f micrplastics per liter f (每升) snw.
Hw is plastic pllutin reaching the Arctic? Accrding t scientists, “It’s clear that mst f the micrplastics in the snw cme frm the air.” They fall ff the plastic bjects and are mved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall t the grund as snw. Finding these plastics in Arctic snw means that we may breathe them in.
Are they bad fr us? Scientists cannt answer this questin fr nw, accrding t the WHO. We d knw that ur bdies cannt take in “large” pieces f micrplastics. Hwever, if the plastics are small enugh, they can find ways int ur bdies and stay there fr a lng time, which can be bad fr ur health. What’s mre, earlier studies have shwn that micrplastics may cntribute t lung cancer risk.
Micrplastics have als been fund in rivers and ceans arund the wrld. Earlier research has fund that they flw ver lng distances and int ur ceans, hurting ecsystems alng the way. They start in ur wastewater, then flw int rivers and ut t the sea, where they are eaten by sea animals. If peple then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating the plastic as well.
41．We can learn frm Paragraph 1 that________.
A．the Arctic is the last really clean place left n earth
B．the Arctic is an icy land f pure white snw
C．the Arctic is a beautiful icy land with clean air
D．the Arctic has been plluted by plastic rubbish
42．The underlined wrd “cntribute” means “_______” in Chinese.
A．causeB．mentinC．supprtD．land
43．Where d mst f the micrplastics in the snw cme frm?
A．Frm water.B．Frm air.C．Frm wind.D．Frm fd.
44．Which f the fllwing NOT true?
A．We may breathe micrplastics in Arctic.
B．Micrplastics may cause lung cancer.
C．We dn’t have t mind micrplastics right nw.
D．Micrplastics have hurt ecsystems.
45．Hw des the writer end this passage?
A．By advising us t drink clean water.B．By asking peple nt t eat sea animals.
C．By telling the seriusness f plastic pllutin.D．By shwing the beauty f Arctic.
四、短文填空（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。）
（2021·四川省绵阳外国语学校九年级期中）
The tpic f this prgramme is envirnmental prtectin.We human beings ___46___ (d) a lt f things at the cst f the envirnment t develp ecnmy quickly in the past few years.I d think it is time fr us t understand the ___47___ (imprtant) f prtecting the envirnment and d smething abut it.And tday I wuld like ____48____ (intrduce) sme simple but useful ways that we can fllw ___49___ (easy) in ur daily life.Firstly, turn ___50___ lights if it is unnecessary.Then,g ut in envirnment-friendly ways such as by bus, by subway r by bike.We can even walk t wrk when pssible, ___51___ it is really helpful fr bth f ur budget and health.Thirdly, try best t ___52___ (use) things like bks, paper, magazines and s n.And we can als take a clth bag when we g ____53____ (shp).Please dn’t use plastic nes.Of curse the public shuld raise envirnmental awareness and realize it is ___54___ (everyne) duty t prtect the envirnment.Last but nt least, the gvernment shuld make laws t guide peple’s ____55____ (behave).
五、用所给单词适当形式填空（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分。）
56．（2022·江苏·江阴市教师发展中心九年级期中）T keep students safe n their way t schl, we shuld d what we can _______(avid) schl bus accidents.
57．（2021·上海松江·九年级期中）All students will g camping this Sunday ________ Tm and Peter. (include)
58．（2019·江苏·永丰中学九年级期中）The baby enjys the____________(warm) f his mther’s arms.
59．（2018·江苏泰州·九年级期中）I dn’t knw what I shuld pay attentin t _______________ (reduce) the pllutin.
60．（2020·重庆南开中学九年级期中）There are many ___________ (Germany) and Japanese wrking in this cmpany.
六、书面表达（共20分。）
（2022·江苏·江阴市教师发展中心九年级期中）
近年来，国家提出了“绿水青山就是金山银山”的理念，人们越来越关注环保。假如你是学生 Kate，你校要进行以“Hw t Prtect Our Earth”为题的演讲比赛，请你根据以下提示写一篇演讲稿。
1.词数：至少90 词(文章开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
2.文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；
3.文章必须包含所提供的主要信息，并作适当发挥。
Hw t prtect ur Earth
Dear everyne,
I’m very prud that I have been chsen t speak t yu all tday. As we all knw, there is nly ne earth. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I hpe everyne will prtect ur Earth well. That’s all. Thank yu fr listening.
参考答案：
1．C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：志愿者们虽然很累，但仍继续他们的工作。
考查连词辨析。if 如果；because因为；althugh尽管；as当……的时候。根据“The vlunteers cntinued their were very tired.”可知，空格前后句子暗含让步关系，需用althugh“尽管”引导让步状语从句。故选C。
2．D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：中学生应该学会安排时间，并且好好利用每一分钟。
考查动词辨析。waste浪费；chse选择；recrd记录；manage安排、管理。根据后面的“ make gd use f every minute”可知，这里是说要学会“安排时间”。故选D。
3．D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：蒂娜和她的父母最近参观了英国。他们在那里玩得很开心。
考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；prbably大概，或许，可能；suddenly意外地，忽然地；recently最近。根据“They had a gd time there.”可知，他们在英国待了一段时间，结合选项，应该指的是最近。故选D。
4．D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：花太多时间玩电脑游戏对我们的眼睛有害。
考查形容词短语。根据“Spending t much time playing cmputer eyes.”可知，玩太多游戏对眼睛有害；be harmful t“对……有害”。故选D。
5．B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——这一次，我们必须依靠自己来解决问题。——我同意。除了我们自己，没有人能找到出路。
考查复合不定代词。everybdy每个人；nbdy没有人；smebdy某个人。根据“we must depend n urselves t slve the prblem”可知，这一次必须依靠自己，没有人会找到出路，故选B。
6．A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：梅河口的志愿者在我们的社区帮助了我们很多。我所有的邻居都尊重并感谢他们。
考查代词辨析。all“三者或三者以上都”；bth“两者都”；nne“表示三者及以上的全部否定”；neither“两者都不”。根据“The vlunteers frm Mei Heku helped us a lt in ur neighbrhd.”可知我所有的邻居都尊重并感谢他们，所有邻居应为三者以上。故选A。
7．D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——我不知道怎么样处理这些旧衣服。——你可以把它们捐给慈善机构。
考查动词短语。sell ut卖光；take away拿走；give back归还；deal with处理。根据“Yu can give them away t the charity.”可知，这里指的是不知道怎么样“处理”这些旧衣服。故选D。
8．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我昨晚给吉姆打了电话，但他没有接。
考查连词辨析。fr因为；and和；but但是；r或者。根据题干“I called Jim last night…he didn’t answer the phne”可知，前后是转折关系，需用转折连词but。故选C。
9．D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——每次我问汤姆那个问题，他都保持沉默或微笑。——你没看到他在试图回避那个话题吗？
考查动词辨析。hide躲藏；cver遮盖；keep保持；avid避免。根据“Every time I asked Tm abut that questin, he just kept silent r smiled.”可知，此处是他在试图回避那个话题，故选D。
10．C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：在过去的几年中，出国留学的学生人数有所增加。
考查主谓一致及动词辨析。rise（数量）增加，增长；develp发展；increase增加。根据“The number f the students wh study abrad ”可知出国留学的学生人数应是增加了，排除B；主语用“The number f”修饰，谓语助动词用第三人称单数形式has，排除AD。故选C。
11．A
12．D
13．B
14．C
15．B
16．C
17．B
18．A
19．D
20．D
21．B
22．B
23．D
24．A
25．C
【解析】
【分析】
当人们谈论环境污染的时候，一般只谈论室外污染，但是在屋里，办公室里，旅馆里，和其他建筑物里也有污染， 屋内的污染可能要比室外的污染严重2到100倍。事实上，美国医生说，百分之五十的疾病与室内空气污染有关系。室内污染是来自于室内活动，比如做饭，吸烟等。大部分人的百分之八十到百分之九十的时间是在室内度过的，因此，认真对待室内环境污染也很重要。
11．
句意：当人们谈论污染时，他们通常想到的是室外空气污染。
pllutin污染，名词；pllute污染，动词原形；plluting现在分词；plluted过去式；根据“When peple talk abut pllutin…”可知，此处指的是室外空气污染，要用名词。故选A。
12．
句意：但是你知道家里、办公室、旅馆和其他建筑物里也有空气污染吗？
t也，用于肯定句或疑问句句尾；either也，用于否定句句尾；as well也，用于句尾；als也，用于肯定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中，放在be动词和情态动词后，实意动词前；根据“But d yu knw that there is…air pllutin inside hmes, ffices, htels and ther buildings?”可知，此处是在be动词之后，所以用 als，表示“也”。故选D。
13．
句意：你家里的空气污染可能是室外空气的2到100倍。
much很多，修饰不可数名词；mre更多，比较级；many很多，修饰可数名词；even甚至；由句子中的“than”可知，此处使用形容词比较级。故选B。
14．
句意：事实上，一些美国医生说50%的疾病都与被污染的室内空气有关。
nthing没有东西，用于肯定句，表示否定含义；everything每件东西；smething一些东西，一般用于肯定句或表示请求建议等含义的疑问句中；anything任何东西，一般用于否定句或疑问句；根据“In fact, sme American dctrs say that 50％ f illness have…t d with plluted indr air.”可知，此处指的是百分之五十的疾病与室内污染有关。短语 have smething t d with与……有关。故选C。
15．
句意：许多污染来自室内活动，如吸烟和烹饪。
as well as一样好；such as例如；instead f代替；s as只要；根据“A lt f pllutin cmes frm indr activities…smking and cking.”可知，吸烟和烹饪都是污染，说明此处是举例说明许多污染来自室内活动。故选B。
16．
句意：因为大部分人80%到90%的时间都呆在室内里。
take花费，cst花费；spend花费；give 给；take用于It takes sb. sme time t d sth.句型，仅指花费时间，必须用it作形式主语，指代下文不定式内容；spend用于 sb. spend… n sth.或者sb spend…in ding sth.(in可以省略)，spend的主语必须是人，可以指花费时间、也可以指花费金钱；cst用于 sth. csts sb. sth.句型，主语必须是物，多指花费金钱，少数情况可指花费时间、气力，有时表示成本的消耗；结合语境可知，此处指的是大部分人在室内花费他们大约80-90%的时间。主语是人。故选C。
17．
句意：重视室内空气污染也很重要。
there那儿；it它；that那个；this这个；根据“…is imprtant t take indr air pllutin seriusly, t.”可知，此处使用It is+形容词+t d sth. 固定句型。故选B。
18．
句意：空气污染在许多方面影响我们的健康。
in many ways在许多方面；in many things在很多事情上；in many huses在许多房子里面；in many years很多年；根据“Air pllutin influences ur health…”以及结合选项可知，此处指的是空气污染在许多方面影响我们的健康。in many ways在许多方面，符合语境。故选A。
19．
句意：当空气被污染时，不仅小孩和老人受影响，而且有健康问题的人也受影响。
water水；sil油；light灯；air空气；根据上文“Air pllutin influences ur health…”可知，空气污染在许多方面影响我们的健康，从而判断此处是指空气被污染了，符合语境。故选D。
20．
句意：当空气被污染时，不仅小孩和老人受影响，而且有健康问题的人也受影响。
endure忍受；bear忍受，承担；stand站立；suffer忍受；分析选项stand和bear意思大致相同，多用于口语中，常以否定形式出现，只是stand比bear语气强，也更为正式，表示不屈不挠，经受得起的意思； suffer指忍受精神或肉体的痛苦；endure尤指忍耐肉体的痛苦或条件的艰难；suffer frm因……而痛苦，固定短语。故选D。
21．
句意：当空气被污染时，不仅小孩和老人受影响，而且有健康问题的人也受影响。
and和；but但是；r或者； while虽然，尽管；根据“…nt nly yung children and ld peple suffer frm it…peple with health prblems suffer as well.”可知，句子使用nt nly…but als不仅……而且……，其中省略了 als，表示语意重心在后半句。故选B。
22．
句意：室内空气污染能伤害人们的眼睛，鼻子和嗓子。
hit打击，碰撞；hurt伤害；pllute污染；beat打败；根据“Indr air pllutin can…peple’s eyes, nses, and thrats.”可知，此处指的是室内空气污染能伤害人们的眼睛，鼻子和嗓子。hurt伤害，符合语境。故选B。
23．
句意：室内和室外的空气污染也会导致肺癌和心脏病！
cause原因，引起；get得到；give给予；lead导致；根据“ Air pllutin, bth indr and utdr, can lung cancer and heart disease! ”及结合选项可知，空气污染会导致肺癌和心脏病 ，使用lead 导致，符合语境，lead t导致,固定搭配。故选D。
24．
句意：在1952年的伦敦大雾中，由于污染，几天内就有4000人死亡！
because f因为，其后接名词或短语；thanks t多亏了；related t与……有关；because因为，其后接句子；根据“In the Great Lndn Fg in 1952, 4000 peple died in a few days…the pllutin!”可知，这是一个简单句。此处表示的是1952年有4000人因为污染死亡。because f介词，与其后名词构成介词短语作原因状语。故选A。
25．
句意：据说印度每年有50万儿童和妇女死于室内空气污染！
said过去式；says第三人称单数形式；is said被说；say说；It is said that…据说，固定搭配。故选C。
26．C
27．B
28．B
29．A
30．D
【解析】
【分析】
文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因，并介绍了世界部分国家和地区的垃圾分类和回收。通过垃圾分类，拯救我们的地球。
26．
推理判断题。根据“Peple there need t put different kinds f garbage int different bins. Other cities in China will d the same sn.”可知，上海的人们需要把不同种类的垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱，中国的其他城市很快也会这样做，可推知上海是中国第一个制定垃圾分类政策的城市。故选C。
27．
推理判断题。根据“Garbage srting is a big prblem because there is t much garbage these days. It is bad fr ur envirnment.”和“But if yu dn’t, the battery will end up smewhere else. Then, it will pllute the envirnment.”可知，通过电池的例子来说明垃圾分类的重要性。故选B。
28．
细节理解题。根据“Indnesia: Peple can take buses fr free if they give plastic bttles t bus-statins.”可知，在印度尼西亚，如果给公交车站送塑料瓶，人们可以免费乘坐公共汽车。故选B。
29．
推理判断题。根据“Recyclable garbage includes paper, bks, plastic items, and glass bttles.”可知，可回收垃圾包括纸张、书籍、塑料和玻璃瓶。“newspapers报纸”属于纸张，应该放在可回收利用的垃圾箱，结合选项，可知A选项是可回收利用的垃圾箱，故选A。
30．
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因，并介绍了世界部分国家和地区的垃圾分类和回收。告诉人们通过垃圾分类，来拯救我们的地球。结合选项，可知D选项Srt Garbage, Save Earth“垃圾分类，拯救地球”做标题最合适。故选D。
31．D
32．C
33．C
34．B
35．B
【解析】
【分析】
本篇短文分析地球上垃圾的来源——生活垃圾、建设、采矿、工厂的生产的废物；由于我们制造废物的速度比自然分解废物的速度快，虽然人们采取很多的措施来处理垃圾，但还远远不够，文章呼吁人们要行动起来，使地球成为更干净的地方。
31．
推理判断题。根据“We are making waste prducts faster than nature can break them dwn. And we are using up resurces faster than they can be replaced”可知，我们可能在资源被替代之前就用完了它们，故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Garbage isn’t just the smelly rtting fruits, vegetables r meat that we thrw away in ur hmes. Thse are nly a small part f all the stuff we thrw away. We create ther kinds f waste in cnstructin, mining and in ur factries”可知生活垃圾只是一小部分，家庭、学校、农场都是生活垃圾，因此工厂有可能产生最多的垃圾，故选C。
33．
词义猜测题。根据“In the cming years China will build waste-t-energy plants in cities t clean up the garbage”可知，在未来几年，中国将在城市建立垃圾转化能源工厂来清理垃圾，所以plants表示“工厂”，故选C。
34．
推理判断题。根据本文的第一段和最后一段可知，本文通过分析地球上垃圾的来源来呼吁人们要行动起来，使地球成为更干净的地方，故选B。
35．
推理判断题。文章讲述垃圾造成地球污染，配有详实的数据，呼吁人们要行动起来，使地球成为更干净的地方；由此推断此文来自记者；故选B。
36．C
37．D
38．C
39．B
40．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要讲述Pzzi用垃圾雕塑了海洋动物来提醒全球的人们去保护海洋，禁止人们朝海洋里扔垃圾。
36．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Washed Ashre prject, led by the artist called Pzzi, wrks t raise attentin abut plastic pllutin in Earth’s ceans”可知，史密森尼国家动物园展出艺术品的目的是警告人们海洋中的塑料污染。故选C。
37．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Mst f the plastic is garbage frm twns and cities, as well as trash that peple leave n beaches.”可知，海洋中的塑料污染的来源是人类活动创造的垃圾。故选D。
38．
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Since 2010, Washed Ashre vlunteers have … sea creatures harmed by plastic pllutin.”可知，自2010以来Washed Ashre志愿者从300英里的海滩收集了38,000磅的塑料垃圾，他们帮助Pzzi创作了60多件因塑料污染而受到伤害的海洋生物艺术品。可知，第五段中的数据用于证明The Washed Ashre项目取得了巨大的成就。故选C。
39．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“These artwrks are a pwerful reminder f ur persnal rle and glbal respnsibility in preserving bidiversity (生物多样性) n land and in the sea”这些艺术品有力地提醒我们，我们保护陆地和海洋生物多样性方面的个人角色和全球责任。可以推测，他对艺术作品的态度是支持的。故选B。
40．
最佳标题题。本文是通过把海洋中的塑料垃圾变成艺术品以唤醒人们的海洋保护意识。故选D。
41．D
42．A
43．B
44．C
45．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如今出现了一种污染——微塑料。本文详细介绍了什么是微塑料以及它对人类和环境的危害。
41．
细节理解题。根据第一段“We have plluted the deepest ceans with plastic rubbish”可知，北极已经被塑料垃圾所污染，故选D。
42．
词义猜测题。根据“What’s mre, earlier studies have shwn that micrplastics may cntribute t lung cancer risk”可知，微塑料可能会导致肺癌风险，所以cntribute与cause同义，故选A。
43．
细节理解题。根据第三段“It’s clear that mst f the micrplastics in the snw cme frm the air”可知，雪中的微塑料来自于空气中，故选B。
44．
推理判断题。根据文章内容，可知微塑料已经危及到我们的身体健康、危害到生态系统，我们应该要重视，而不是不在意，C选项表述错误，故选C。
45．
细节理解题。根据“If peple then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating the plastic as well”可知，结尾作者是在强调塑料污染的严重性，故选C。
46．have dne
47．imprtance
48．t intrduce
49．easily
50．ff
51．because
52．reuse
53．shpping
54．everyne’s
55．behavir
【解析】
【分析】
这篇短文主要讲述了我们如何从小事做起来保护环境。
46．
句意：在过去的几年里，为了快速发展经济，我们人类以牺牲环境为代价做了很多事情。根据本句时间状语“in the past few years”可知，谓语动词应使用现在完成时have/has+dne结构，主语We是第一人称，故填have dne。
47．
句意：我认为是时候让我们了解保护环境的重要性了。the imprtance f...表示“……的重要性”，故填imprtance。
48．
句意：今天我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法，这些方法在我们的日常生活中很容易遵循。wuld like t d sth.表示“想要做某事”，故填t intrduce。
49．
句意：今天我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法，这些方法在我们的日常生活中很容易遵循。形容词easy“容易的”修饰动词fllw“遵循”，应变为副词，故填easily。
50．
句意：首先，如果没有必要开灯，关掉灯。根据“if it is unnecessary”可知，如果没必要，就把灯关上来节约能源，turn ff表示“关闭（电器、设备等）”，故填ff。
51．
句意：如果可能的话，我们甚至可以步行去上班，因为这对我们的预算和健康都很有帮助。后半句讲述了建议走路上班的原因，所以用because“因为”引导原因状语从句，故填because。
52．
句意：第三，尽量重复利用书、纸、杂志等东西。根据文章主题和提示词可知，保护环境的方法还包括重复利用旧东西，try ne’s best t d sth.表示“尽力做某事”，所以应填reuse“重复利用”的动词原形，故填reuse。
53．
句意：我们也可以在购物时带一个布袋。g shpping表示“购物”，故填shpping。
54．
句意：当然，公众应该提高环境意识，认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。根据名词duty“责任”可知，everyne“每个人”应变为所有格everyne’s，表示“每个人的责任”，故填everyne’s。
55．
句意：最后但同样重要的是，政府应该制定法律来指导人们的行为。根据所有格peple’s“人们的”可知，其后应填behave“表现”的名词形式，即behavir“行为”，故填behavir。
56．t avid
【解析】
【详解】
句意：为了保证学生上学途中的安全，我们应该尽我们所能来避免校车事故。分析句子结构可知，空处应是动词不定式作目的状语，其构成形式为：t d。故填t avid。
57．including
【解析】
【详解】
句意：包括汤姆和彼得在内的所有学生这个星期天都要去露营。空格处作状语，应用介词，include“包括”，动词，介绍是including“（表示示例）包括……在内”，故填including。
58．warmth
【解析】
【详解】
句意：婴儿喜欢妈妈怀抱的温暖。warm温暖的，是一个形容词。根据句子结构可知，这里应用名词形式，故填warmth。
59．t reduce
【解析】
【详解】
句意：我不知道为了减少污染我应该注意什么。reduce减少，是一个动词。根据句意可知，这个空作的是目的状语，“为了……”，故用动词不定式形式t reduce。
60．Germans
【解析】
【详解】
句意：有许多德国人和日本人在这家公司工作。根据“many”和“and Japanese”可知，应填“德国人”“German”的复数Germans。故填Germans。
61．例文：
Hw t Prtect Our Earth
Dear everyne, I’m very prud that I have been chsen t speak t yu all tday. As we all knw, there is nly ne earth. Green muntains and clear water are as gd as muntains f gld and silver.
The envirnment arund us is getting wrse and wrse. Sme peple have n clean water t drink. There’s t much traffic n the rad. The traffic causes air pllutin. In many places, rubbish is thrwn int rivers. S I think we shuld act t prtect ur earth.
First, ur gvernment shuld make laws. Secnd, we can g t schl n ft r by bike t save energy. Third, we can use shpping baskets instead f plastic bags when shpping t reduce pllutin.
I hpe everyne will prtect ur earth well. That’s all. Thank yu fr listening.
【解析】
【详解】
1.题干解读：这是一篇材料作文，要求根据思维导图内容提示，以“Hw t Prtect Our Earth”为题写一篇讲稿。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称和第三人称为主，时态主要采用一般现在时。正文可分为三段式：第一段承接开头讲述地球环境的重要性；第二段描述地球环境已经出现的问题；第三段介绍保护环境的措施。写作的同时注意选用合适的连词、短语和句型来将内容进行串联和拓展。文章做到思路清晰，层次分明，要点齐全；行文要语句通顺，符合逻辑关系；无语法、单词拼写和标点错误。